Nutrition By Peggy Kuo
Jan 11, 2016
Nutrition By Peggy Kuo
Fats • Helps brain & nervous system develop • build blocks of hormones• insulate nervous system tissue• Nuts, oils, butter, most beverage, sweets & meats • toddlers need whole milk, older kids low-fat or
skim milk• older than 2 should get 30% daily cals from fat
Fats (con)• naturally occurring soft greasy solids that are
esters of glycerol & certain fatty acids, present in plants & in adipose tissue of animals, forming reserve energy source, used in making soap & paint & in food industries
• Unsaturated fats• Trans fats "hydrogenated" or "partially
hydrogenated" oils
Protein • builds up, maintains, & replaces the tissues in body• helps move legs, lungs, &protect from disease• Other proteins build cardiac muscle• Meats, eggs, dairy products, nuts, seeds, & legumes • digestive juices & intestine break down the protein
into basic units; amino acidsreused to make proteins body needs
22 are important to human health, body can make 13, other 9 get by eating protein-rich foods adults need about 60 grams/day• kids need about 0.5/pound they weigh
Protein (con)• any large group of nitrogenous compounds of
high molecular weight essential constituents of all living organisms
• consist chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds & are folded into a specific three-dimensional shape, maintained by further chemical bonding
• Complete contains nine essential amino acids• Incomplete lacks one or more essential amino
acids
Carbohydrate • energy to cells in body & fuel basal metabolic rate,
activity levels• Soft drinks, pastries, fruit, whole grain, root
vegetables, junk food• body breaks down into simple sugars major source
of energy for body• better get simple sugars from fruit & milk… • Simple sugars are absorbed into bloodstream• pancreas releases insulin, needed to move sugar
from blood into cells used as source of energy• four groups; monosaccharide, disaccharides,
oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides
Carbohydrate (con)• group of organic compounds includes sugars,
starches, celluloses, & gums serves as major energy source in diet of animals
• Compounds produced by photosynthetic plants & contain carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen, in ratio 1:2:1
• Simple carbohydrates ( simple sugars) • Complex carbohydrates (starches)
Fibre• help lower blood cholesterol, prevent diabetes & heart
disease• combines with carbohydrates slows absorption of
sugar & regulates insulin response• discourages overeating• help move food through digestive system healthy
bowel function & protecting against constipation• Fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds and pulses • refers to carbohydrates that cannot be digested• no calories• girls (14 to 18 years) should get 25 grams/day• boys (14 to 18 years) should get 31 gram/day
Fibre (con)• fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes, whole-
grain • The parts of food that contains cellulose & aren’t
digested by body helps intestines absorb water increases bulk of stool & causes it to move quickly through the colon
• Soluble fiber dissolves in water & to lower cholesterol
• Insoluble fiber helps with constipation
Vitamins • Helps body develop• Vegetables, nuts, grain, meat & protein, legumes • Vitamin A in carrots helps see at night• Vitamin C in oranges helps body heal when get
cut• B vitamins in leafy green vegetables helps body
make protein & energy• Vitamin E protects cells & tissues from damage &
health of red blood cells• Vitamin K clotmaster
Vitamins (con)• organic compounds that are essential for normal
growth & nutrition & required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body
• fat soluble stored in fat tissues & in livero Vitamins A, D, E, & K
• water soluble travel through bloodstream, whatever body doesn't use comes out when urinate
vitamin C & big group of B vitamins & pantothenic acid
• Vitamin D in milk helps bones
Water • In human body
CRITICAL ROLE IN REGULATING BODY TEMPERATURECARRIES NUTIRENTS THROUGHOUT BODYIMPROVES DIGESTION
ELIMATES WASTE & TOXINS• Water, beverages: soup, milk, juices, alcoholic bev• 3.575 million people die/ year from water-related
disease• 70% of adult’s body is made out of water• colorless, transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid that
forms seas, lakes, rivers, & rain, basis of fluids of living organisms
Water (con)• Types
• boiled water• hard water• raw water• rain water• snow water• filtered water• soft water• reverse osmosis• de-ionized water • distilled water
Bibliography • http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/fat.html• http://healthyeatingclub.com/info/books-phds/books/foodfacts/html/data/data2g.html • http://www.thefreedictionary.com/FAT • http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html• http://www.thefreedictionary.com/protein • http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_does_carbohydrate_do_for_your_body • http://www.thefreedictionary.com/carbohydrate • http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/nutrition/fiber.html • http://www.thefreedictionary.com/fiber http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/vitamin.html# • http://www.google.ca/
#hl=en&safe=active&q=vitamin&tbs=dfn:1&tbo=u&sa=X&ei=BhvVTpThLeWiiQKMg729Dg&sqi=2&ved=0CBsQkQ4&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.,cf.osb&fp=4e295db72d0a3ae9&biw=1280&bih=827 http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/minerals.html\
• http://www.thefreedictionary.com/mineral • http://www.google.ca/
#hl=en&safe=active&q=water&tbs=dfn:1&tbo=u&sa=X&ei=q63WTrnzO4KRiQLAqNG1Cg&sqi=2&ved=0CBsQkQ4&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.,cf.osb&fp=e02fc75c323c33e&biw=1280&bih=827
• http://www.google.ca/#hl=en&safe=active&q=water&tbs=dfn:1&tbo=u&sa=X&ei=PCrdTpH2AYG0iQLc0oWtCg&ved=0CCMQkQ4&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.,cf.osb&fp=9d54b135d15061fd&biw=1002&bih=465