Nutraceutical

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Nutraceutical’slet food be your medicine…

Presented By- Ganesh Singh Bhakuni m.Pharm (p’cology) ISCP Moga.

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Content’s

Introduction

Dietary supplemants

Probiotics

prebiotics

antioxidants

Herbal medicines

Advantage of nutraceutical

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INTRODUCTION

The term “Nutraceutical” was coined from “Nutrition”

“Pharmaceutical” in 1989 by Stephen DeFelice MD, Founder

and Chairman of the Foundation for Innovation in Medicine

(FIM).

“Nutraceutical is any substance that is a food or apart of food

and provides medical or health benefits, including the

prevention and treatment of disease” or promotion of health.

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The nutraceutical’s are associated with the prevention or

treatment of four major diseases like heart disease ,cancer

hypertension and diabetes.

Pharmaceuticals are substances which have (or have had)

patent protection as a result of expensive testing to conform to

the specifications of respective Governments.

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However, many nutrients may never receive government

approval since no one could justify the expense of testing

requirements for substances that cannot be protected by

patent laws. Both pharmaceuticals and nutrients can cure and

prevent disease(s) but only pharmaceuticals have

governmental sanction.

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Disease treatment

Health benefit

DRUG

NUTRACEUTICAL

PREVENTION

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Advantage of nutraceuticals

Nutraceutical have the potential to play a role in healthy eating and to contribute to the prevention and treatment of diseases so that how functional components in foods could expand the role of disease prevention and treatment.

The nutraceuticals are preferred due to-

Since new molecule is difficult to discover and more expensive and risky then ever before, many pharmaceutical companies are now trying to nutraceuticals so that there is undoubtedly a very huge and growing market .The belief among consumers that these “food like substances” are either harmless or least toxic as compared to conventional pharmaceuticals .Increased healthcare costs with conventional pharmaceuticals, recent legislation and scientific discoveries.

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Inappropriate dietary habits are seen as contributing to the

leading cause of deaths of due to coronary heart disease, certain

type of cancers etc. the role of nutraceuticals in treating these

Conditions is thus speculated.

Nutraceuticals are gaining popularity as people are relying on

them for safeguarding their health and avoiding side effects

associated with drugs as well Long history of use and better

patient tolerance as well as public acceptance Plants constitute to

be a major source of new lead generation

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CATEGORIES

DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Probiotics, Prebiotics, Antioxidants, Enzymes, etc.

HERBAL/ PHYTOCHEMICALS Herbs or Botanical products.

NUTRIENTS Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids, Fatty acids, etc.

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probiotic Probiotics are live microbial food ingredients, which are beneficial to health.Colon is the most densely populated region of the gastrointestinal tract and harbors an estimated 500 different bacterial species.

Probiotic bacterial species The various types of bacteria that are having the probiotics characteristics are- Lactobacilli Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lactobacillus reuteri Lactobacillus case Bifidobacterium breve Streptococcus

Prebiotics are the substances, which reach to colon in intact form i.e. without getting depleted by the gastric pH and digestive acids.

These prebiotics also selectively promote the growth of colonel probiotic bacteria; hence they act as fertilizers for these bacteria. These are collective term for non-digestive but a fermentable dietary carbohydrate that may selectively stimulates growth of certain bacterial groups’ resident in the colon, such as Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli considered to be beneficial for the human host.

inulin, which is soluble dietary fibres and resistant to digestive enzyme and thus reaches to large intestine or colon essentially intact, where it is fermented by resistant bacteria, Lactobacilli.

PREBIOTICS

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ANTIOXIDANTS

Antioxidants are quite large in number and diverse in nature which

oppose the process of oxidation largely by neutralizing free radicals

at relatively small concentrations have the potential to inhibit to

inhibit the oxidants chain reactions .

Dietary antioxidants and some accessory molecules, such as zinc

and certain vitamins are important in maintaining free radical

scavenging systems, biosynthetic capacity, membranes, enzymes .

Antioxidants are found in the vegetable oils. eg- Soybean oil, canola

oil, corn oil, oat oil, wheat germ oil, palm oil, evening prime rose oil.

Like tocopherols (vitamin E) lower the susceptibility of LDL

oxidation and also reduce platelet’s role in thrombus formation.

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Classification of antioxidants

Vitamins   Vitamin C, vitamin E         

 Carotenoids   β-Carotine, lycopine

   Thiols   lipoic Acid, gutathione       

  Enzymes         Co-Enzyme Q-10, super oxide dismastase

Selenium

    Minerals, copper, manganese, zinc

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Herbals:

Aloe vera: Anti-inflammatory, emollient, wound healing,

Evening Primrose oil: Dietary supplement of linoleic acid, treatment

of atopic eczema,

Garlic: Antibacterial, antifungal, antithrombotic, antiinflammatory,

Ginger: carminative, antiemetic, treatment of dizziness

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Ginseng: Adaptogen,

Green tea: Antioxidant, reduces risk of CVD, enhances humoral

and cell mediated Immunity,

Vegetables, fruits, whole grain, herbs, nuts and various seeds

contain an abundance of phenolic compounds, terpenoids,

sulphur compounds, pigments etc. that has been associated with

protection / treatment of certain disease conditions,

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Phytochemicals:

Phytochemicals could provide health benefits as:

1. Substrate for biochemical reactions

2. Cofactors of enzymatic reactions

3. Inhibitors of enzymatic reactions

4. Absorbents that bind to & eliminate undesirable

constituent in the intestine.

5. Scavengers of reactive or toxic chemicals

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Various Phytochemicals

Phytochemicals Source Role

Tocotrienols &

tocopherols

Grains Suppressed the growth of diverse

tumors cell lines via initiation of

apoptosis and concomitant arrest

of cells in the G1 phase of the cell

cycle

Carotenoids Fruits &

vegetables

Antioxidants, protects against

uterine, prostate, colorectal, lung

and digestive tract cancers, and

protection to other antioxidants.

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Flavonoids Grapes, wines Action against free radicals,

free radicals mediated cellular

signaling, inflammation,

allergies, platelet aggregation,

& hepatotoxins

Catechin & gallic

acids

Grapes, berries,

cocoa, green tea,

acacia spp.

Antioxidants, free radical

scavenging ability, inhibition

of eicosanoid synthesis,

reduces CHD

Isoflavonoids Soybeans Treating cancers &

osteoporosis

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Vitamins like Compounds

L- Carnitine: Helps in oxidation of fatty acids, role in oxidative

phosphorylation,

Choline: Lipotropic agent, used to treat fatty liver and disturbed fat

metabolism,

Inositol: For amino acid transport and movement of Potassium and

sodium,

Taurine: Helps in retinal photoreceptor activity, bile acid conjugation,

WBC antioxidant activity, CNS neuromodulation, platelet aggregation,

cardiac contractibility, sperm motility, insuline activity,

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Minerals:

Calcium: essential for bone and teeth, maintaining bone

strength, nerve, muscle and glandular function, blood clotting,

Iron: energy production, Hb, oxygen transport,

Magnesium: for healthy nerve and muscle function, bone

formation,

Phosphorous: energy production, phosphorylation process, bone

and teeth, for genetic material,

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NUTRACEUTICALS AVAILABLE IN MARKET Brand name Components Function

Betatene Carotenoids Immune function

Xangold Lutein esters Eye health

Lipoec -lipoic acid Potent antioxidant

Generol Phytosterol CHD reduction

Premium probiotics probiotics Intestinal disorder

Soylife Soyabean phytoestrogen

Bone health

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Brand name Components Function

Z-trim Wheat Zero calorie fat replacer

Linumlife Lignan extract flax Prostate health

Fenulife Fenugreek galactomannon

Control blood sugar

Teamax Green tea extract Potent antioxidant

Marinol 3 FA, DHA, EPA Heart health protection

Clarinol CLA Weight loss ingredient

Cholestaid Saponin Reduce cholesterol

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APPLICATIONS OF NUTRACEUTICALS

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Class /components source Potential benifit

Beta-carotene Carrots, various fruits Neutralizes free radicals, which may damage cells; bolsters cellular antioxidant defenses

Lycopene Tomatoes May contribute to maintenance of prostate

Monosaturated fatty acids

Tree nuts May reduce risk of coronary heart disease

Flavonols Onions, apples, tea, broccoli Neutralize free radical,

which may damage cells;bolster cellular,antioxidation defences

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Soy protein Soybeans and soy-based food May reduce risk of coronary

heart disease

Lactobacilli,

bifidobacteria

Yogurt, other dairy

and nondairy

applications

health and systematic immunity

May improve gastrointestinal

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The Food Safety and Standard Rules, 2011 have been issued and

have become effective from 5th May, 2011. The Food Safety and

Standard Authority has also issued regulations with respect to

Licensing and Registration of food business, Packing and Labeling,

Food products standard and additive etc. The Acts,Rules and

Regulations are now implemented from 5th August, 2011. Thus,

there is now one single legislation and specified authorities to

regulate manufacture, distribution and of sale nutraceuticals,

functional foods anddietary supplements in India.

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