Sloshing of liquids can be observed whenever a fluid in a tank or pool will be excited with a frequency close to the natural frequency of the fluid. This may cause large structural loads in the walls of tanks, their supports and anchors as well as in the concrete structure of pools.
The goal was to establish a calculation method to analyze the sloshing effects in a realistic way. Due to the sensitivity of the nuclear society, it was required to perform a validation (benchmark) of the RADIOSS SPH‐method. Therefore we chose a couple of experimental tests and compared our results with these data. The chosen method represents a realistic behavior of the fluid and is transferred to real simulations.
Two real simulations will be presented. The first will be a fuel storage tank (horizontal cylinder) of an emergency diesel generator under earthquake conditions which is filled with diesel fuel. The second will be a flooded containment of a reactor building under earthquake conditions. In both simulations a real time history earthquake spectrum is used. The results of both simulations are loads on the walls or concrete structures as well as the fluid behavior itself.
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Verification of the Calculation MethodDue to the sensitivity in the nuclear society it was essential to verify the numerical accuracy of the SPH method by a couple of benchmarks.• Collapse of a water column (2D-dam break)
• Collapse of a water column onto a wet bottom (2D)
• Collapse of a water column, central sloshing, no obstacles (3D)
Verification of the Calculation MethodCollapse of a water column, central sloshing, no obstacles (3D)
Source: Vorobeyev, A., Kriventsev, V. und Maschek, W. (2011): Nuclear Engineering and Design, Simulation of central sloshing experiments with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, Jour. of Nuclear Engineering and Design Vol. 241
Fuel Tank Model – General Description• Simulation of a fuel storage tank under earthquake excitation• Integrity of the fuel storage tank will be demonstrated• Comparison of the sloshing eigenfrequencies with Eurocode 8
Concrete Containment – Boundary Condition• Symmetry boundary conditions are defined on the SPH particles• Concrete structure is modelled as stiff• Applicable time-history accelerations are integrated two times
into a time-history displacements using HyperGraph and applied on the concrete structure
• SPH method simulates fluid sloshing in an accurate way• Results are comparable to experimental data• Visualization of results• Interaction between fluid and structure (pressure, stresses, etc.)• Complex geometries can be analyzed, while the Eurocode 8 is