Nuclear Proliferation. Categories ► Declared Nuclear Powers: signed nuclear treaties. Rules and regulations 1. U.S. 1945 2. Russia 1949 3. Britian 1952.

Nuclear ProliferationNuclear Proliferation

CategoriesCategories

► Declared Nuclear PowersDeclared Nuclear Powers: signed nuclear : signed nuclear treaties.treaties.

Rules and regulationsRules and regulations

1.1. U.S. 1945U.S. 19452.2. Russia 1949Russia 19493.3. Britian 1952Britian 19524.4. France 1960France 19605.5. China 1964China 1964

• Winners of WWII Winners of WWII 5 Permanent Members of 5 Permanent Members of U.N. Security CouncilU.N. Security Council

• India 1974India 1974

Categories ContinuedCategories Continued

► Self Declared Nuclear PowersSelf Declared Nuclear Powers: not : not signed nuclear treaties.signed nuclear treaties.

1.1. 1980 South Africa – White Minority1980 South Africa – White Minority► Apartheid Apartheid ended in 1990’s ended in 1990’s► DisbandedDisbanded

2.2. Pakistan 1998Pakistan 1998

3.3. North Korea 2005North Korea 2005

Categories ContinuedCategories Continued

► Undeclared Nuclear PowersUndeclared Nuclear Powers: believe : believe to have nuclear weapons capabilities.to have nuclear weapons capabilities.

1.1. IsraelIsrael

2.2. BrazilBrazil

3.3. ArgentinaArgentina

Categories ContinuedCategories Continued

► Suspected Nuclear Programs: in the Suspected Nuclear Programs: in the process of developing weaponsprocess of developing weapons

1.1. LibyaLibya

2.2. IraqIraq

3.3. IranIran

Nuclear Proliferation TermsNuclear Proliferation Terms

►Rogue NationRogue Nation: small, unfriendly nation: small, unfriendly nation

►MoratoriumsMoratoriums: temporary halt: temporary halt

►Nuclear ProliferationNuclear Proliferation: spread of nuclear : spread of nuclear weaponsweapons

WeaponsWeapons

►Strategic Weapon: travels great Strategic Weapon: travels great distance and aims to destroy key sites distance and aims to destroy key sites in an enemy’s homeland.in an enemy’s homeland.

►Ballistic Missiles: high arching flight Ballistic Missiles: high arching flight (including ICBM’s or intercontinental (including ICBM’s or intercontinental ballistic missiles) can travel more than ballistic missiles) can travel more than 9,000 miles.9,000 miles.

Weapons ContinuedWeapons Continued

► Cruise Missiles: fly low in order to escape Cruise Missiles: fly low in order to escape radar detection.radar detection.

► Tactical Weapon: designed for use at close Tactical Weapon: designed for use at close range in a battle.range in a battle. Range Ballistic MissilesRange Ballistic Missiles

► IntermediateIntermediate►MediumMedium►ShortShort

►NP also used in artilleryNP also used in artillery

shells, land mines, andshells, land mines, and

depth charges.depth charges.

Mutual Assured Destruction Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)(MAD)

►Both U.S. and Soviet Union could Both U.S. and Soviet Union could destroy each other destroy each other neither would. neither would.

►Each nation developed and maintained Each nation developed and maintained enough nuclear weapons to deter the enough nuclear weapons to deter the other maintaining nuclear balance.other maintaining nuclear balance.

► Imbalanced would threaten Imbalanced would threaten international security.international security.

►Balance = peaceBalance = peace