Nubian Trade and Conquest

Nubian Trade and Conquest

Nubian Trade and ConquestDo NowTake out your Fact Finder

How have Egypt and Nubia influenced one another so far?Nubian TradeWhy was Nubias location an ideal trading center?

Nubian TradeIt was located between northern Africa and southern Africa

Nubian TradeFrom the south they imported:

1. Leopard skins2. Ostrich Eggs3. Feathers4. Ivory5. Ebony6. Spices7. Gold

Ostriches

Ostrich Egg

Nubian TradeThey then exported these same items to the north.

Nubian TradeIn what places were these items in great demand?

Nubian TradeEgypt and the early peoples of southwestern Asia

Nubian TradeThe Egyptians particularly valued Nubian gold, which Nubians not only mined but also purified. The Egyptians used it lavishly to construct statues and decorations.

Nubian TradeAs Nubian trade flourished, so did the Nubian economy. The control of the gold trade served to made Nubia rich and its neighbors jealous.

Nubian TradeExplain the events that occurred that lead to Egypt taking over parts of Nubia.

Nubian TradeAt first, Egypt and Nubia traded peacefully for raw materials.

Nubian TradeThen, at some point,The Egyptians realized that they could gain greater wealth if they controlled Nubias trade routes.

Nubian TradeBy 2600 B.C., Egyptian monarchs had claimed all the trade routes in northern Nubia.

Nubian TradeThe Egyptians also began looting Nubias rich natural resources. They cut and hauled away blocks of stone, such as granite, which they used for statues and buildings. They also mined Nubian copper and gold.

Granite

Nubian TradeIn about 2000 B.C. the Egyptian king began to annex, or add on, the land of northern Nubia.

Nubian TradeFirst he conquered the region.

Nubian TradeThen he ordered mud-brick forts built near the second cataract to protect the newly annexed land. By annexing northern Nubia, the Egyptians gained Nubian resources and Nubian soldiers.

Freedom and ReconquestEgyptian control of Nubia did not last long. At the same time, a powerful kingdom arose in southern Nubia and began to drive the Egyptians out of Nubian lands.

Freedom and ReconquestThe ancient Egyptians called the new kingdom Kush. Historians today call it the kingdom of Kerma for its capital, located near the third cataract, where the modern town of Kerma, Sudan, is today.Kush

Kerma

QuestionHow do you remember the kingdom of Kerma??Answer

Kerma the Frog Here!!!!Freedom and ReconquestBy 1650 B.C., the Kushites had regained their independence, or freedom, from Egypt

Freedom and ReconquestFree from Egyptian rule, Kerma became a major center for both river and overland trade.

Freedom and ReconquestGoods such as gold, salt, spices, elephant tusks, and rhinoceros horns moved through Kerma to markets in Egypt and across the Red Sea to Asia. This trade brought great wealth to Kerma.

Rhinoceros

Freedom and ReconquestDescribe Kush and Egypt during Kermas days of prosperity

Freedom and ReconquestKush Kushite kings gained power as well as wealth. Over time, they gained control of much of northern Nubia.

Freedom and ReconquestThe same period was not as good for the Egyptians, especially since the Hyksos controlled northern Egypt. To keep the Egyptians from invading his kingdom, the Kushite king decided to become an ally, or supporter of the Hyksos.

Freedom and Reconquest

Note: Remember at this time, the Hyksos had settled in the northeastern Nile Delta, and had eventually conquered Lower EgyptHyksos

Freedom and ReconquestKushite kings had no way of knowing that the Egyptians would soon regain their land. The victorious Egyptians forced the Hyksos out of Egypt and into southwestern Asia.

Freedom and ReconquestThen the Egyptians turned south and destroyed Kushs capital city of Kerma.

WHAT!??Freedom and ReconquestFollowing their military successes, the Egyptians claimed control of much of Nubia. This time, Egypts control of Nubia stretched past the Niles fourth cataract. As a demonstration of strength, the Egyptians built cities and temples all over Nubia.Fourth Cataract

Freedom and ReconquestEgypts rule over Nubia lasted for about 550 years. During that time, the Egyptian pharaoh created a special position called the Kings Son of Kush.

550 YearsFreedom and ReconquestThis person was responsible for:1. Day-to-say governing of Nubian lands2. Collecting taxes

Freedom and ReconquestUnder Egyptian rule, the Kushites were encouraged to become much like the Egyptians. Many Kushites adopted Egyptian:

1. Religious beliefs2. Writing3. Customs4. Ways of dressing

Egyptian Pyramids

Pyramids at GizaEgyptian Pyramids

Great Pyramid at GizaNubian Pyramids

Pyramids of MeroNubian Pyramids

Nubian Pyramids

ActivityPlease complete page 48 of your Homework and Practice Book.

Wrap UpWrite down any 3 things you have learned from this lesson.