A A Presentation Presentation On On Setting-up of Setting-up of A World Class A World Class Energy Technology & Research Institute Energy Technology & Research Institute By: By: Dr R.R.Sonde Dr R.R.Sonde Ph.D, FNAE Ph.D, FNAE On 3/8/2004 On 3/8/2004 National Thermal Power Corporation
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A A
Presentation Presentation
OnOn
Setting-up of Setting-up of
A World Class A World Class
Energy Technology & Research InstituteEnergy Technology & Research InstituteBy:By:
Dr R.R.Sonde Dr R.R.Sonde Ph.D, FNAEPh.D, FNAE
On 3/8/2004On 3/8/2004
National Thermal Power Corporation
A.A. NTPC ProfileNTPC Profile
B Technology Centre in Energy-- The ImperativesB Technology Centre in Energy-- The Imperatives
C.C. The Roadmap for Technology CentreThe Roadmap for Technology Centre
D.D. Net working with institutesNet working with institutes
Synopsis
Part-A
NTPC Profile
Part-A
NTPC Profile
NTPC was set up in 1975 in the central sector to
bridge the widening gap of demand and supply
of power in India.
Genesis & Vision of NTPC
NTPC Vision
“To be one of the world’s largest and best
power utilities, powering India’s growth”
In addition, NTPC also manages Badarpur Thermal Power Station (705 MW ) of GOI in Delhi.
(Nos.) CAPACITY (MW)
NTPC OWNED
COAL 13 17,980
GAS / LIQ. FUEL 7 3,955
TOTAL 20 21,935
OWNED BY JVCs
COAL 3 314
GRAND TOTAL 23 22,249
Present Generation Capacity is 22,249 MWPresent Generation Capacity is 22,249 MW
NTPC-The Premier Power Company
13 Coal Stations 7 Gas Stations
NTPC Today- Lighting 1/4NTPC Today- Lighting 1/4thth of of IndiaIndia
The Business- BOO thermal The Business- BOO thermal plantsplants
Projects: Full in-house implementationO&M: Purchase fuel to bulk power saleConsulting: full electricity value chain NTPC- CAPACITY PROFILE
(MW)
Present 22,249
Constrctn 5,000 +
Capacity
Active 9,000 +
Coal 17,000 + Fuel Mix
Gas 4000 +
Conv- Sub 500/200 Technology
CCPP-GT 80-150
One of the largest thermal generator in the World- Data Monitor UK
NTPC is surging ahead to add another 20,000 MW and become 40,000 MW company by 2012
Sixth Among the Top Ten Global Thermal Sixth Among the Top Ten Global Thermal GeneratorsGenerators
501
175 152 146 141 133 128 126102 94
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
TWH 2001
Source: A.T. Kearney
Global Stature
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000TURNOVER
PROFIT
Years
Rs. 25964.2
Rs. 5260.78
Rs. Crores
Financial Performance
In summary, NTPC would be a leading power utility In summary, NTPC would be a leading power utility in the world by 2017, in line with its current visionin the world by 2017, in line with its current vision
In summary, NTPC would be a leading power utility In summary, NTPC would be a leading power utility in the world by 2017, in line with its current visionin the world by 2017, in line with its current vision
NTPC in 2017… Fortune 500 company An Indian MNC with presence in many countries Diversified utility with multiple businesses Amongst top five market capitalisation in the Indian market Group turnover1 of over Rs. 1,400 Bn with 30000+ employees Setting benchmarks in project construction and availability
and efficiency Have a strong research and technology base Loyal customer base in both bulk and retail supply Preferred employer A leading corporate citizen with a keen focus on executing its
social responsibility
NTPC - 2017
Part-B
A Technology Centre in NTPC
The Imperatives
Part-B
A Technology Centre in NTPC
The Imperatives
Technology Development PursuitTechnology Development Pursuit
- an enabler to sectoral reforms- an enabler to sectoral reforms
Technology and Indian Power Sector- an Overview
Industry
AcademiaR&D Labs
The Origin & Growth of World Class OrganizationsThe Origin & Growth of World Class Organizations
Fundamental Research (DDR)
In Labs, Academics
Product Idea/ Conception
Technology Build up
Organization
- Product improvement - Process Improvement- New Process Development- New Product Idea
Strong Operations, Finance, HR,
Marketing Functions
Exponential Growth
Further R&D (MDR)
Prime Examples
- General Electric
- DOW
- DuPont,
- Bayer
UOP
Xytel
Hitherto NTPC StoryHitherto NTPC Story
Fundamental ResearchIn Labs, Academics
Product Idea/ Conception
Technology Build up
Organization
- Product improvement - Process Improvement- New Process Development- New Product Idea
Strong Engg, Projects, O&M,
Finance, HR Functions
Exponential Growth
Further R&D
?Technology Implantation
The need is :- Return to original Model
- While maintaining strengths
This will require two pronged Approach…
?
?
Electricity Sector, is today facing similar technology questions as it faced 50 years back…
0
30000
60000
90000
120000
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2004 2010 2020 2030
To
tal C
ap
ac
ity
(M
W)
Sellers Market Buyers Market
Full Plant Import IndigenousManufacture Design Copy User Driven
CustomizationsDesign Replication
Monolithic SEBs Central Utilities IPPs Regulators DistributionFocus
Paradigm Shift
The technology approach adopted to jump start capacity appears inadequate in the changing business scenario
New Business Environment DriversNew Business Environment Drivers
Sellers’ Market
COG:
Profits:
• Power is Purchased
• Hand Holding By Govt.Making Power in Plenty & Also Make Money
Paradigm Shift
• Power Has to be sold• Survival of the Fittest
Making Plenty of Money Through Power
Two Part TariffCost (+) Basis
• Generous Normative Performance Levels
Regulatory Regime
• Norms Tightened
Buyers’ Market
COG POG
Deregulation Price – Cost > 0
• No Norms • Market Forces
Manufacturer inspection
Technology Development- USP of developed world
Plant Engineering- Professional Engineers Cult
Industry
Academia
Lab
Technology Developer
License
Utility
Man
ufa
ctu
rer
Checks on Drawings and Documents
shop, site tests
Plant Engineering
System
Integration
TechDevelopment
Worldwide the Technology Development and Engineering are two separate activities...
NTPC- Driven by TechnologyNTPC- Driven by Technology
Fundamental ResearchIn-house, Labs, Academics
Product Idea/ Conception
Technology Build up
Organization
Product improvement, Process ImprovementNew Process Development, New Product Idea
Strong Engg, Projects, O&M,
Exponential Growth
Development of Required Knowledge & Technology
Product improvement Process Improvement
New Process DevelopmentNew Product Idea
Identification of Performance Gaps
Intensified Products & Processes
Integration of Technology
Strong Finance, HR Functions
Cost Reduction Technological Growth Engines
Equipment Supply Industry Power Generation Utility
EquipmentManufacturer
Design Copy
Collaborator
Project
Engineering
Equipment
• Plant System Design• Technology Customization• Equipment Design Review
Operations
Station Station Station Station
Central Groups
• No new technology development• Poor technology customization• Weak technology improvement• Hamstrung cost improvements
• Inadequate system design improvements• Inadequate equipment design intervention• Inadequate use of Project Management techniques• Engg Services dormant• No cost rationalization instruments
• Missing self improvement & correction instruments• Bloated and outdated maintenance approach• Heavy Inventories• Sluggish Procurement methods• Inoptimal workforce utilization• Inadequate focus on fuel component• O&M services market lying dormant
The weak links are a result of the technology import culture from the Colonial legacy- especially as Electricity was considered an input and not an end unlike “Space” and “Nuclear” sectors
Emergence of Technology Implant Culture in India- so internalized that these are no longer viewed as problems...
The reason is late Indian entry to technology development arena. Affluent nations have had the advantage of SEQUENTIAL DEVELOPMENT facilitating knowledge systems development…
1800 1850 1900 1950 2000
Engineering Sciences Development
Electricity Technology Development
Technology Multiplication
UKGermanyUSARussiaJapan
Indian Entry
Missed Opportunity• Few Technical Institutes established• No involvement in Engg. Sciences• Import escapism culture established• No studies on domestic conditions• Poor industry quality consciousness
Systemic Distortions•Focus on Equipment Multiplication• Electricity perceived as an input• Availability of easy imports• Low focus on T.D. development• Imported designs were implanted
Technology implants in the Electricity sector have had serious fall out on development of knowledge systems which are required for Technology Development
OEM Countries Scenario
Indian Industry Scenario
The effect entered even organisations set ups which do not differentiate between knowledge work, service functions and skill work…
Presence of distinct knowledge groups in the company structure provides a robust framework which facilitates informed management decisions and provides internal resources for new programme conceptualisation, roll out and midcourse corrections.
Typical Indian Organization
• Mixed up knowledge and service functions
• No education differentiation at entry
• Absence of filters on Management Levels
• Undifferentiated manpower movement
• No separate specialist cadres
The sequential development in original technology countries resulted in evolution of country wide systems with “Knowledge and Technology” focus...
UK GermanyUSA
Russia Japan
The Originals
Equipment Manufacturer
Power Technology
Center
Universities Labs
PowerKnowledge
Center
Equipment
Tec
hnol
ogy
Power Plant
School
The differentiator and key enabler in such systems is the collaboration of industry-labs- academia- The GOLDEN TRIANGLE
Competition alone- which is one key objective of the new target framework - without the systemic enablers will have limited improvement potential
For the Indian Power Sector to grow on the competitive turf spread by the new Electricity Law it is necessary to establish the Golden Triangle...
Equipment Manufacturer
Power Technology
Center
Universities Labs
PowerKnowledge
Center
Equipment
Utility
Design Copy
Power Plant
School
Industry
AcademiaR&D Labs
The Fundamental Pre-requisite
Challenges For Enterprise DeliveryChallenges For Enterprise Delivery
Age
Availability
Maint. Cost
To Make NTPC Lowest Cost Power Generator
Price
NEW BUILDS:
• Arrest and Reverse Increasing Trend in Capital Cost Without Compromising Quality
OPERATING STATIONS:
• Arrest and Reverse Increasing Trend of Maintenance Cost
• Maximize Availability and Efficiency
Critical Success Factors
Challenge
Years
Cost/ MW
Challenge
Dramatic Cost Reductions Required
-Destination No.1
Dramatic Cost Reductions Required
-Destination No.1
Strategic intervention for
selective technology induction required
Strategic intervention for
selective technology induction required
Commercial- Making Power
- Maximize Generation
High End (VX)!!!
- Predominantly Replacement Based
- Proactive Condition Based
- High Spare Inventory
Predominantly Replacement Based
O&M Strategies
New Build
R&M Strategies
- Making Money
- Maximize Profit
Low End (LX)
- Risk Based Maintenance
- Spares: Just In Time Philosophy
Risk Based
Required
Shift
The new environment is creating Paradigm Mismatches for the utilities…
Cost Reductions- a quickly reachable destination• Systematic strategies are the only requirement• Solvable in 5-10 years time
Need to look at the bigger picture
The real challenge lies in the future- Dramatic changes are in the offing- Power sector has to shoulder these
Changing Times- the real challenge
Indian society today stands on a cusp beyond which progress will telescopically expand
The power sector has to reorient itself to the new challenges for positive deliverance
World Benchmarks- Global Energy System 2000 2020 2050
Population (billion) 6.2 8 10
Primary Energy, Gtoe/yr 10 13 17
Electricity Fraction of primary energy (%) 0.38 0.5 0.7
Knowledge Activity Consolidation• Automate non-value added jobs• Create Knowledge Platforms• Create Power Plant Schools• Create Technology Platforms• Knowledge Groups in companies• Knowledge Worker Sustenance• Network with external agencies
Knowledge Activity Consolidation• Automate non-value added jobs• Create Knowledge Platforms• Create Power Plant Schools• Create Technology Platforms• Knowledge Groups in companies• Knowledge Worker Sustenance• Network with external agencies
Technology Initiatives• IGCC development for Indian coal• Hybrid power system development• Distributed Generation Options• Carbon Sequestration Technologies• Fuel Cell technologies• Low grade heat utilization• SPM reduction technologies• On-line Energy Intensification and
Diagnostic Model (EIDM)• Resource optimization & site
Technology Initiatives• IGCC development for Indian coal• Hybrid power system development• Distributed Generation Options• Carbon Sequestration Technologies• Fuel Cell technologies• Low grade heat utilization• SPM reduction technologies• On-line Energy Intensification and
Diagnostic Model (EIDM)• Resource optimization & site
• IG-FB: Design/ Scale-up/ Optimization of Gasifier
• IG-GC: Design & Development of Gas Clean up system
• IG-SI: System integration for a base cycle
• IG-AC: Advanced cycle consisting of
-O2 Transport membrane
- CO2/ H2 Separation
- Gasifier/ Combustor design
• IGCC Technologies √
• Fludised Bed Gasifier
Design & Development
• Gas Clean-up
• IGCC System Integration
• Advanced Gasifier
Cycles
Robotics
CFD/ ANN
Material sciences including corrosion & erosion
Special Coatings
- Ammonia Absorption Refrigeration system
- Ammonia Turbine Cycle are required
Cooperation with external agencies and collaborative development with be the focus of the new platform. Following areas for immediate cooperation have been identified…
Design & Development of IGCCGasifier Design
Hot Gas Clean up System- Ceramic FiltersHigh Efficiency, Rugged, Matching Gas Turbine
Fuel CellsDevelopment of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell SystemsDevelopment of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System
Distributed GenerationSolar PV and Thermal Systems
Ammonia CycleSterling Engines
Hydrogen Energy Research:Hydrogen Generation Through IGCC Route, HTTR
Hydrogen Storage: Metal & Chemical Hydrides
Carbon Sequestration
SPECIFIC AREAS OF RESEARCH
1. Nanotechnologies in the development of fuel cell catalysts, CO2 capture molecules etc
2. Membrane science for air separation (oxyfuels), hydrogen purification
3. Materials science for high temperature and hydrogen environment 9Oxide dispersed alloys, dual ferritic etc)
4. Super conductors, cryogenics, optical fiber technologies for power grid control, transmission & distribution
5. Biotechnological applications in the field of hydrogen generation, CO2 conversion etc
The Major Joint Collaborative Projects
Short listed R & D areas for collaboration
1. Design and development of SO3 / NH3 reactor for FGC
2. ANN modelling of the major sub systems of the power station
3. CFD modelling of the boiler and surface condensers
4. Development of on-line sensors for unburnt carbon, coal properties, flue gas charcterisation
5. Development of on-line flow visualisation systems
6. FEM of the boiler and creep & fatigue analysis of critical systems
The Major Joint Collaborative Projects
Short listed R & D areas for collaboration
6. Low grade heat utilisation projects
7. Water chemistry and water networking
8. Ash utilisation technologies
Joint collaborative efforts in new technologies
1. IGCC – Gasifier design and development, gas clean up system, combined cycle development
2. Hydrogen energy research
3. Solar energy integration (low grade, stirling engines, PVs )
• Providing overall direction• Supporting in selecting
functional heads • Projects approvals
Structure of Research & Technology Development Division
Research & Technology Development Division
CoE-HT [Heat Transfer]
CoE-PS [Process Synthesis]
CoE-RC[Catalyst / Reactors]
CoE-SD[Sensors / Detectors]
CoE-MS[Material Science]
CoE-SE[Solar Energy]
CoE-CFD[Comp. Fluid Dynamics]
CoE-ANN[Art. Neural Networks]
CoE-AC[Analytical Chemistry]
CoE-MB [Membranes]
CoE-BT[Bio-Technology]
CoE-SX[Solvent Extraction]
CoE-AD[Adsorbents]
CoE-PC[Process Control]
CoE-IS[Instrumentation]
CoE-CE [Civil Design]
CoE-CO[Corrosion Science]
CoE-ED[Equipment Design]
CoE-RF[Refractory Design]
CoE-FM[Fracture Mechanics]
CoE-FEM
CoE-FS[Fluidization]
CoE-SM[Simulation & modeling]
CoE-CS[Catalyst]
CoE-CE[Ceramics]
CoE-MH [High Temp Material]
CoE-RX[Chemical Reaction Engg]
Legend:
CoE: Centre of ExcellenceCoC: Centre of Competence
Enabling Technologies Division
CoE in Advanced Materials
Special Analysis, Computing and Simulation Centre
CoE in Bio Technology
SMART Technologies
Technology Advocacy Group
CoE in Nano Technology
Structure of Enabling Technologies Division
Mechanical
Civil
ElectricalDT/
NDT
Instrumentation
Electrical
Mechanical
Civil
Prototype Division
Centre for Performance Testing of Systems, Components and
EquipmentsCentre for Materials Testing
Structure of Testing & Certification Division
Business Process Division
Networking
Business Development
“When you really want something to happen, the whole universe conspires to help you to achieve your dreams”
…….. The Alchemist
by Paulo Coelho
Part-E
Human Resource
Part-E
Human Resource
Basic pay 12000
DA 6500
FCA 561
Conveyance Reimbursement (Car) 1820
Shift Allowance 900
Prof. Literature Reimbursement 175
Washing Allowance 126
Bonus / Ex-gratia (variable) 490
Generation Incentive – max. (variable)
2806
Cash canteen compensation 587
At Executive Trainee Level: ( Rs.12000-4.0%-17250/-)Illustrative
(Rs. / Month at Minimum of Scale)
Cost To The Company Of Executives
At Executive Trainee Level: ( Rs.12000-4.0%-17250/-)Illustrative
(Rs. / Month at Minimum of Scale)
Cost To The Company Of Executives
Internet connection 167
Children's Education Reimbursement 300
LTC 1198
Leave and Holidays 2058
PF 1897
Gratuity 760
Post-retirement Medical Scheme 4216
Electricity subsidy 750
Approx.5 lacs per annum
The above components are indicative. Variations may occur depending on actual place of posting, actual allowances admissible etc.
Allowances / Reimbursement / Benefits
• Leave Travel Concession to Home Town / Anywhere in India.
• Paid Leave : CL-12, HPL – 20 EL- 30, along with leave Encashment
facility.
Closed Holidays – 8, Restricted Holidays – 06
• Study leave up to a period of 3 years after 3 years of service Membership of a Professional body.
• Very liberal medical facilities without any contributions. Reimbursement of OPD & hospitalization charges. Number of good hospitals, including super specialty hospitals on the Company’s panel.
Well equipped hospitals at projects with state of the art facilities and equipments.
Allowances / Reimbursement / Benefits
Advances[At low rates of Simple Interest-reducing balance method)
HBAMaximum of 7.5 lacs, after 5 years of service
Conveyance Advance Car advance – Max Rs.1,80,872/- (as per today’s price) Motor Cycle – Max. Rs. 33,291/- structure)
Coverage under:•Group Personal Accident insurance•Group Insurance•Housing Building Advance Insurance (with very nominal contributions by self)•Pension Fund.
AccommodationFull fledged, excellently maintained township amidst lush green environment with all facilities like clubs, recreation centers, movie theatres, marketing complexes, parks etc. to ensure a superior quality of life.
Education Of Children Schools of repute like DPS, Kendriya Vidyalaya, DAV and other convent schools upto Class XII to ensure education standards for children
Development of Heat exchanger networks, design of new type of heat exchangers (viz. plate & fine type)
02. Electronics/Instrumentation/Chemical
Control& Instrumentation
Process control, Process analysis, Advanced control system, Model predictive controls, etc
Development of Control & instrumentation based on model prediction controls in the existing plants to improve their performance, development of C&I for new technologies.