NSF Wireless Cities Workshop February 2-3, 2016 5G ...5G fundamentals and systems design NSF Wireless Cities Workshop February 2-3, 2016 1 Vincent D. Park Senior Director, Engineering

5G fundamentals and systems design

NSF Wireless Cities Workshop

February 2-3, 2016

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Vincent D. Park

Senior Director, Engineering

Mobile has made a leap every ~10 years

D-AMPS, GSM,

IS-95 (CDMA)LTE,

LTE Advanced

WCDMA/HSPA+,

CDMA2000/EV-DO

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AMPS, NMT, TACS

5G will enhance existing and expand to new use cases

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Wide Area Internet of ThingsMore efficient, lower cost communications

with deeper coverage

Enhanced Mobile BroadbandFaster, more uniform user experiences

Higher-Reliability ControlLower latency and higher reliability

Smart homes/buildings/cities

Autonomous vehicles, object tracking

Remote control & process automation, e.g. aviation, robotics

Infrastructure monitoring & control, e.g. Smart Grid

Mobile broadband, e.g. UHD virtual reality

Demanding indoor/outdoor conditions, e.g. venues

New form factors, e.g. wearables and sensors

Proposed 5G standardization for 2020 launch

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R15 5G work items

5G study items

4G evolution—LTE will evolve in parallel with 5G

R17+5G evolution

5Gphase 2

R16 5G work Items

First 5Glaunch1

Note: Estimated commercial dates; 1 Forward compatibility with R16 and beyond

3GPP RAN workshop

Enhanced mobile broadbandUshering in the next era of immersive experiences and hyper-connectivity

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UHD video streaming

Broadband ‘fiber’ to the home Virtual realityDemanding conditions, e.g. venues

Tactile Internet3D/UHD video telepresence

Higher throughputmulti-gigabits per second

Lower latencySignificantly reduced e2e latency

Uniform experience with much more capacity

Wide area Internet of ThingsOptimizing toward the goal to connect anything, anywhere

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Power efficientMulti-year battery life

Lower complexityLower device and network cost

Longer rangeDeeper coverage

Utility meteringSmart homesSmart cities

Remote sensors / Actuators Object trackingWearables / Fitness

Higher reliability controlEnabling new services with more reliable, lower latency communication links

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Higher reliabilitySignificantly reduced packet loss rate

Lower latencySignificantly reduced e2e latency

Higher availabilityMultiple links for failure tolerance and mobility

Energy / Smart grid

Aviation MedicalIndustrial automation

RoboticsAutonomous vehicles

Scalable across a broad variation of requirements

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Wide area

Internet of Things

Higher-reliability

control

Enhanced

mobile broadband

Deeper coverageTo reach challenging locations

Lower energy10+ years of battery life

Lower complexity10s of bits per second

Higher density1 million nodes per Km2

Enhanced capacity10 Tbps per Km2

Enhanced data ratesMulti-Gigabits per second

Better awarenessDiscovery and optimization

Frequent user mobilityOr no mobility at all

Lower latencyAs low as 1 millisecond

Higher reliability<1 out of 100 million packets lost

Stronger securitye.g. Health / government / financial trusted

Based on target requirements for the envisioned 5G use cases

Natively incorporate advanced wireless technologiesMany technology enablers to meet 5G requirements and services

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Massive MIMO

Coordinated Spatial Techniques

Advanced Receivers

Beamforming

Integrated access and backhaul

mmWave

Across diverse spectrum bands

and types

Multicast

V2X

Full Self-Configuration

Hyper dense deployments

Multi-hop & D2D communications

Low latency & more-reliable communication

More energy efficient, lower

cost IoT communications

Natively incorporate advanced wireless technologiesKey 5G design elements across services

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Wide-Area Internet of ThingsMore efficient, lower cost communications

Higher-Reliability ControlLower latency and more reliable links

Unified Air Interface

Enhanced Mobile BroadbandFaster, more uniform user experiences

• Scalable to wider bandwidths

• Designed for diverse spectrum types

• Massive MIMO

• More robust mmWave design

• Improved network/signaling efficiency

• Native HetNets & multicast support

• Opportunistic carrier/link aggregation

• Lower complexity, narrower bandwidth

• Lower energy waveform

• Optimized link budget

• Decreased overheads

• Managed multi-hop mesh

• Lower latency bounded delay

• Optimized PHY/pilot/HARQ

• Multiplexing with nominal

• Simultaneous, redundant links

• Grant-free transmissions

A new 5G unified air interface is the foundation

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FDD, TDD, half duplex

Licensed, shared licensed, and unlicensed spectrum

Spectrum bands below 1 GHz, 1 GHz to 6 GHz, & above 6 GHz

(incl. mmWave)

Device-to-device, mesh, relay network topologies

From wideband multi-Gbps tonarrowband 10s of bits per second

Efficient multiplexing of higher-reliability and nominal traffic

From high user mobility to no mobility at all

From wide area macro to indoor / outdoor hotspots

Diverse spectrum Diverse services and devices

Diverse deployments

Unified air interface

Diverse spectrum types and bandsFrom narrowband to ultra-wideband, TDD & FDD

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Licensed SpectrumCleared spectrum

EXCLUSIVE USE

Unlicensed SpectrumMultiple technologies

SHARED USE

Shared Licensed SpectrumComplementary licensing

SHARED EXCLUSIVE USE

Below 1 GHz: longer range, massive number of things

Below 6 GHz: mobile broadband, higher reliability services

Above 6 GHz including mmWave: for both access and backhaul, shorter range

Realizing the mmWave opportunity for mobile broadband

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Smart beamforming & beam tracking

Increase coverage and

minimize interference

Solutions

mmWave

sub6Ghz

Tighter interworking with sub 6 GHz

Increase robustness and

faster system acquisition

Phase noise mitigation in RF components

For lower cost, lower

power devices

The enhanced mobile broadband opportunity The challenge—‘mobilizing’ mmWave

• Large bandwidths, e.g. 100s of MHz

• Multi-Gbps data rates

• Flex deployments (integrated access/backhaul)

• Higher capacity with dense spatial reuse

• Robustness results from high path loss and

susceptibility to blockage

• Device cost/power and RF challenges

at mmWave frequencies

Delivering a flexible 5G network architecture

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Configurable end-to-end connectivity With network and service slicing1

Modular, specialized functionsNot to burden other network services

Dynamic creation of services Such as dynamic MVNO or tailored verticals

Flexible subscription models Such as one subscription for multiple devices

Multi-access core networkContinue to evolve 4G LTE and Wi-Fi access

Dynamic control and user planesSuch as mobility on demand and functions at edge

1 Leveraging Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN)

Wide to local

area deployments

Diverse services

& devices

New business &

subscription models

Multi-connectivity across bands & technologies4G+5G multi-connectivity improves coverage and mobility

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Rural area

4G+5G

Sub-urban area4G+5G

Leverage 4G investments to enable phased 5G rollout

4G & 5G

small cell coverage

Macro5G carrier aggregation with

integrated MAC across

sub-6GHz & above 6GHz

Smallcell

multimode device

Simultaneous connectivityacross 5G, 4G and Wi-Fi

Urban area

4G & 5G macro coverage

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Device-to-device discovery and communications

Integrated access and backhaul, relays

Multi-hop to extend coverage Vehicle-to-vehicle/infrastructure

communications

Expanding multi-connectivity across devices, relaysDevices much more than end-points—integral parts of network

Utilizing and expanding upon today’s technologies, e..g. LTE Direct, LTE Relays

Support for multi-hop mesh with WAN management

Direct access

on licensed

spectrum

1 Greater range and efficiency when using licensed spectrum, e.g. protected reference signals . Network time synchronization improves peer-to-peer efficiency

Problem: uplink coverage Due to low power devices and challenging placements, e.g. in basement

Solution: managed uplink mesh Uplink data relayed via nearby devices—uplink mesh but direct downlink.

Mesh on unlicensed or partitioned

with uplink licensed spectrum1

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5G Architecture – U-plane requirements and architecture

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Support both session (IP address) continuity and local connectivity without continuity

− Continuity on demand depending on active services/applications and context

Support access to operator services in home PLMN or when roaming

Support offload of traffic not requiring operator services or session continuity at the L-GW

− Many applications already do not require session continuity or access to operator services

Support multi-connectivity to the 4G RAN and Wi-Fi

− Including bearer aggregation

− Based on a multi-access core network and a single “RRM framework” within the operator network

Consider a more IP-oriented approach and cloud technologies to reduce deployment costs

Incorporate Content Delivery Networks (CDN) to provide better user experience and new

services

AN

S-GW

H-GW

L-GW

V-GW

Device

5G Architecture – C-Plane requirements and architecture

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Support same or better level of security than EPS

− Cater for different strata ownership models

Support idle mode, i.e., an MME, to enable efficient connection establishment signaling

− Stateful and stateless connection management

Support a more flexible C-plane deployment at the core or the edge

− Session Key Management Function (SKMF) to enable a less trusted MME closer to edge

Support a wide variety of devices and applications, i.e., expansion into new verticals

− Based on separate (virtual) MME instances, optimized for different types of services

Support separate credentials to enable each service (e.g., Facebook, Google, Netflix)

− Based on ability to support multiple separate credentials simultaneously

New QoE model instead of dedicated bearer management functionality

− Enable per application QoE management

SF

SF

AN

HSS

L-MME

SFSKMF

MME

Device

5G Architecture – C-plane and U-plane separation

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MME GW-UGW-C

OpenflowS11’

4G U-plane and C-plane are separated only from the UE perspective

− NAS C-plane terminates in MME

− IP U-plane terminates in PGW via SGW

EPC U-plane elements include significant C-plane signaling

− E.g., PGW and SGW support GTP-C to manage the PDN connection

5G supports further separation between C-plane and U-plane

− Split of GW into separate C-plane and U-plane elements

− Interface to U-plane based on Software Defined Networking (SDN)

5G Architecture – Support across multiple RATs

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5G will support multi-connectivity to the 4G RAN and Wi-Fi

5G multi-access CN platform

− Single CN to support multiple simultaneous RATs and services

− Leverage legacy operator RAN networks for capacity and coverage

− End-to-end improved performance of 5G CN for 4G RAN

Multi-RAT access nodes (MR-AN)

− Presents a single interface towards 5G core

− Includes one or more cells for each RAT (LTE, 5G, WiFi)

− Common OAM across RATs

− Includes interfaces for legacy UEs to connect to 4G core (not shown)

WLAN AP

L-MME

5G AN

L-GW

LTE eNB

MME S-GW

5G Architecture – Network and service slicing

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eMBB VSN MTC VSN

MME P/S-GW

Other VSN

MME P/S-GW

Network slices:

Separate Virtual

Serving Networks

Service slices:

Common EMM

Separate ESM WLAN AP

L-MME

5G AN

L-GW

LTE eNB

SME P/S-GW

HSS/AAA1

SME P/S-GW

HSS/AAA1

SME P/S-GW

HSS/AAA1MNO

H-MME

MNO

Service Manager

Service Manager

Service provider 1

Service provider 2

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