-
User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 1
08 Fall
NovelSat NS2000 Demodulator User Guide
[email protected]
NovelSat US
25 Tanglewood Rd. Newton, MA 02459, USA
NovelSat UK
141 Gloucester Road, London SW7 4TH, UK
2012 NovelSat The material contained in this document is
confidential and intended for use only by parties authorized by
NovelSat. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be
photocopied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means whether, electronic,
mechanical, or otherwise without the prior written permission of
NovelSat.
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 2
About this Manual
This manual provides an overview of the NS2000 Modulator
together with installation, configuration, basic operation and
maintenance information. This document is intended for use by
engineers and technicians who want/need to/should familiarize
themselves with the system.
This revision of this manual holds performance, GUI and screen
snapshots from software version 2.2 build (2764), firmware version
1.1.1 (build 2592).
Software version can be checked from the web GUI under
System->hw/sw versions.
Please make sure your review the 3Installation at chapter 3
prior to actually installing the device.
Feedback
NovelSat encourages you to send us any comments you may have in
regard to errors or suggestions for improvements in the document or
in its products. We are committed to providing documentation that
meets your needs.
Please send your comments to: [email protected]
Cautions and Warnings
A caution icon in the text of this manual indicates a situation
in which damage can
be caused to the NS2000 if the content of this message is not
properly heeded.
A warning icon in the text of this manual indicates a
potentially hazardous situation in which injury or death could
result if the content of this message is not properly heeded.
The warning sign does not represent the death danger. Need to
find better icon.
Warranty
NovelSat Ltd. (the Seller) warrants this NS3 proprietary
hardware equipment for twelve (12) months from delivery by Seller
(the "Warranty Period") against defects arising from faulty
materials and workmanship under conditions of normal use. The 12
months period shall commence as from the date of the delivery of
the product to you, by Seller or any of its distributors.
This warranty is subject to the following conditions and
procedures. To receive coverage
under this warranty: (1) you must provide to Seller, prior to
the end of the Warranty Period written notice regarding a defective
part of an item of equipment by registered mail to the address
below and/or by e-mail to [email protected], (2) you must afford
the Seller or its authorized representative a prompt and reasonable
opportunity to inspect any part as to
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 3
which any claim is being made, (3) the relevant part must have
been stored, shipped, handled, installed, tested, operated, and
maintained in accordance with the then current recommendations set
forth in the equipment's manual and/or other written instructions
from Seller and not have been modified or serviced by anyone other
than Seller, (4) the proprietary hardware box was not opened by a
person that was not authorized by the Seller, as shall be
determined by the Seller, and (5) this Warranty Card was signed and
sent back to the Seller within 30 days as from the products receipt
by you, to the address of the Seller indicated bellow, provided
however that you would be bound by the terms and conditions of this
Limited Warranty regardless of your compliance with this
sub-section (5). This warranty does not include damage to the
equipment or any parts thereof resulting from a cause other
than
part defect or malfunction. This warranty does not include
damage resulting from neglect, accident, fire, lightning, power or
air conditioning failure or other hazard, or unreasonable use.
Warranty to Software components shall be provided in accordance
with the terms and conditions of the Seller's standard NS3 End User
License Agreement.
Revision History
Revision Date Originator Comment
0.01
0.02
1.00 30/7/12 Ariel Kraft Release Candidate 1
4.2 18/10/12 Nir Barkan Release version 4.1
Acronyms
Acronym Description
ACM Adaptive Coding and Modulation
APSK Amplitude and Phase Shift Keying
ASI Asynchronous Serial Interface or Adjacent Satellite
Interference (I dont think we use the ASI
term in this document as Ajacent Satellite Interference although
it is a common term in the
industry)
AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise
BCH Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem multiple error correction binary
block code
CCM Constant Coding and Modulation
CIR Carrier Interference Ratio
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CNR Carrier Noise Ratio
DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB-S DVB System for satellite broadcasting specified in EN 300
421
DVB-S2 DVB-S2 System for satellite broadcasting specified in EN
302 307
Eb/No Energy-per-bit to Noise density ratio
EN European Norm
Es/No Energy-per-symbol to Noise density ratio
FEC Forward Error Correction
GUI Graphical User Interface
IBO Input Back Off
IF Intermediate Frequency
IM InterModulation
IMUX Input MUltixpleXer
ISI InterSymbol Interference OR Input Stream Identifier
ISSY Input Stream SYnchronizer
LDPC Low Density Parity Check (codes)
LSB Least Significant Bit
MCT Mode Code Type
MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group
MSB Most Significant Bit
NLDC Non-Linear Distortion Compensation
NLPD Non-Linear Pre-Distortion
OMUX Output MUltixpleXer
PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
PSK Phase Shift Keying
QPSK Quaternary Phase Shift Keying
RF Radio Frequency
ROF Roll-Off-Factor
SNR Signal to Noise Ratio
TWTA Travelling Wave Tube Amplifier
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VCM Variable Coding and Modulation
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Table of Contents
Revision
...............................................................................................................................................
3
Date
.....................................................................................................................................................
3
Originator
............................................................................................................................................
3
Comment
.............................................................................................................................................
3
1 NS3
Overview.................................................................................................................................
18
1.1 Introduction
............................................................................................................................
18
1.2 The NS3 Advantage
.............................................................................................................
19
1.3 Comparing NS3 and DVB-S2
................................................................................................
19
1.3.1 Allocated Bandwidth
.......................................................................................................
20
1.3.2 Noise Level
......................................................................................................................
21
1.3.3 Transmit Power
...............................................................................................................
21
1.3.4 Actual Performance
........................................................................................................
22
1.3.5 Saturated
Channel...........................................................................................................
22
1.3.6 Spectral Mask
..................................................................................................................
23
1.3.7 Phase Noise Immunity
....................................................................................................
26
2 Theory Of Operation
......................................................................................................................
28
2.1 Logical and Physical Channels concepts
.................................................................................
28
2.2 Dual Channel Operation
.........................................................................................................
29
2.3 Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM)
...............................................................................
29
2.4 Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) Dual Channel
....................................................... 30
2.5 Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)
...............................................................................
32
2.5.1 Background
.....................................................................................................................
32
2.5.2 Constant Power Mode
....................................................................................................
33
2.5.3 Constant Enevelope Mode
..............................................................................................
33
2.5.4 ACM System Description
.................................................................................................
33
2.5.4.1 Point-to-Point ACM
................................................................................................................
34
2.5.4.2 Point-to-Multipoint ACM
........................................................................................................
35
2.5.4.2.1 Dual Channel addition
......................................................................................................
35
2.5.4.3 ACM Configuration
.................................................................................................................
36
2.6 ASI Interface
...........................................................................................................................
37
2.7 GbE Interface
..........................................................................................................................
38
2.7.1 Full Duplex Ethernet Communication
.............................................................................
39
2.7.2 Point-to-Multipoint Full Duplex Ethernet Communication
............................................ 41
3 Installation
.....................................................................................................................................
42
3.1 Safety Precautions
..................................................................................................................
42
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3.2 Installation Codes
...................................................................................................................
42
3.3 Interconnection of Units
........................................................................................................
42
3.4 Installation Requirements
......................................................................................................
42
3.5 Unpacking
...............................................................................................................................
43
3.6 Removal and Assembly
..........................................................................................................
43
3.7 Mounting Considerations
.......................................................................................................
44
3.8 Demodulator Checkout
..........................................................................................................
44
3.8.1 Initial Power-Up
..............................................................................................................
44
4 Technical
Description.....................................................................................................................
45
4.1 General
...................................................................................................................................
45
4.2 System Characteristics
...........................................................................................................
45
4.2.1 NS3
..................................................................................................................................
45
4.2.2 DVB-S2
.............................................................................................................................
45
4.3 Functionality of the NS2000 demodulator
.............................................................................
46
4.3.1 Main Modules
.................................................................................................................
46
4.4 Power Supply
..........................................................................................................................
46
4.5 Front Panel
.............................................................................................................................
47
4.6 Rear Panel
...............................................................................................................................
48
4.7 Connectors on the rear panel
................................................................................................
48
4.7.1 Mains AC input connector
..............................................................................................
48
4.7.2 RS232 M&C interface
......................................................................................................
48
4.7.3 Alarm Connector
.............................................................................................................
50
4.7.4 Ethernet Control Connector
............................................................................................
50
4.7.5 ASI Interface Connectors
................................................................................................
50
4.7.6 Gigabit Ethernet Traffic Connectors
..............................................................................
51
4.7.7 Demodulator L-band input Connector
............................................................................
51
4.7.8 Demodulator IF input Connector
....................................................................................
51
5 Front Panel Operation
...................................................................................................................
52
5.1 Indicators
................................................................................................................................
52
5.2 Display and Keypad
................................................................................................................
52
5.3 Menu Structure
......................................................................................................................
53
5.3.1 Monitor
...........................................................................................................................
53
5.3.1.1 Line-Status
..............................................................................................................................
53
5.3.1.1.1 General
.............................................................................................................................
53
5.3.1.1.1.1 Mode
.........................................................................................................................
53
5.3.1.1.1.2
State...........................................................................................................................
53
5.3.1.1.1.3 Composite Power
......................................................................................................
53
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5.3.1.1.1.4 Signal Power
..............................................................................................................
53
5.3.1.1.1.5 Symbol Rate
...............................................................................................................
53
5.3.1.1.1.6 Roll Off
.......................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.1.7 RF Frequency
.............................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2
Channel-1..........................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.1 Data Rate
...................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.2 Status
.........................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.3 Modulation
................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.4 Frame-Size
.................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.5 Pilot
............................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.6 FEC-Rate
....................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.7 Frames
.......................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.8 Error-Frames
..............................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.2.9 FER
.............................................................................................................................
54
5.3.1.1.3 Channel-2 (if dual mode is enabled)
.................................................................................
55
5.3.1.1.4 Mode-Code
.......................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2 Interfaces
................................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.1 Status
................................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.1.1 Name
.........................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.1.2 Source
........................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.1.3
Rate............................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.2 GbE-A
................................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.2.1 TX Packets
..................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.2.2 TX Bytes
.....................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.2.3 CRC Errors
..................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.2.3 GbE-B-Status
.....................................................................................................................
55
5.3.1.3 Alarms
.....................................................................................................................................
56
5.3.1.4 System-Status
.........................................................................................................................
56
5.3.1.4.1 FPGA Temperature
...........................................................................................................
56
5.3.1.4.2 10MHz Clock Source
.........................................................................................................
56
5.3.2 System
.............................................................................................................................
57
5.3.2.1 Database
.................................................................................................................................
57
5.3.2.1.1 Set-Factory-Default
..........................................................................................................
57
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5.3.2.1.2 Load
..................................................................................................................................
58
5.3.2.1.3 Save-As
.............................................................................................................................
58
5.3.2.1.4 Save
..................................................................................................................................
58
5.3.2.2 Versions
..................................................................................................................................
58
5.3.2.2.1 General
.............................................................................................................................
58
5.3.2.2.2 Active-SW
.........................................................................................................................
58
5.3.2.3
HW-Config...............................................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.1 Product Type
....................................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.2 Serial Number
...................................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.3 Hardware Version
.............................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.4 MAC Address
....................................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.5 Internal Clock Type
...........................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.6 Card 1 Type
.......................................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.6.1 Card 1 Serial Number
................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.6.2 Card 1 HW Version
....................................................................................................
59
5.3.2.3.6.3 Card 2 Type
................................................................................................................
60
5.3.2.4 General
...................................................................................................................................
60
5.3.2.4.1 Reboot
..............................................................................................................................
60
5.3.2.4.2 Reset Passwords
...............................................................................................................
60
5.3.2.4.3 Device Name
.....................................................................................................................
60
5.3.2.5 Screen Saver
...........................................................................................................................
60
5.3.2.5.1 Set-Message
.....................................................................................................................
60
5.3.2.5.2
Set-Delay...........................................................................................................................
60
5.3.3 System-Configure
............................................................................................................
61
5.3.3.1 Management
..........................................................................................................................
61
5.3.3.1.1 IP
.......................................................................................................................................
61
5.3.3.1.1.1 DHCP-Client
...............................................................................................................
61
5.3.3.1.1.2 IP-Address
..................................................................................................................
61
5.3.3.1.1.3 Subnet-mask
..............................................................................................................
61
5.3.3.1.1.4 Default-Gateway
.......................................................................................................
61
5.3.3.1.1.5 DNS
............................................................................................................................
62
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5.3.3.1.2 SNMP
................................................................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.1 SNMP Version
............................................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.2 Read-Only-Community
..............................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.3 Read-Write-Community
............................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.4 Trap-Version
..............................................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.5 Trap-Community-1
....................................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.6 Trap-Host-1
................................................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.7 Trap-Community-2
....................................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.2.8 Trap-Host-2
................................................................................................................
62
5.3.3.1.3 Alarms & Events
...............................................................................................................
63
5.3.3.1.3.1 Mask
..........................................................................................................................
63
5.3.3.1.3.2 Relay Mask
.................................................................................................................
63
5.3.3.2 10MHz Clock
...........................................................................................................................
64
5.3.3.2.1 Source
...............................................................................................................................
64
5.3.3.3 Serial Port
...............................................................................................................................
64
5.3.3.3.1 Baud-Rate
.........................................................................................................................
64
5.3.3.3.2 Data-Bits
...........................................................................................................................
64
5.3.3.3.3 Parity
.................................................................................................................................
64
5.3.3.3.4 Stop-Bit
.............................................................................................................................
64
5.3.3.4 System-Time
...........................................................................................................................
65
5.3.3.4.1 Time
..................................................................................................................................
65
5.3.4 Demodulator-Configure
..................................................................................................
66
5.3.4.1 Line
.........................................................................................................................................
66
5.3.4.1.1 Mode
................................................................................................................................
66
5.3.4.1.2 Dual-Channel-Mode
.........................................................................................................
66
5.3.4.1.3 Symbol-Rate
.....................................................................................................................
66
5.3.4.1.4 LNB-LO-Freq
.....................................................................................................................
66
5.3.4.1.5 RF-Freq
.............................................................................................................................
67
5.3.4.1.6 Roll-Off
..............................................................................................................................
67
5.3.4.1.7 Golden-Seq
.......................................................................................................................
67
5.3.4.1.8 LNB Control
.......................................................................................................................
68
5.3.4.1.9 Non-Linear
Mode..............................................................................................................
68
5.3.4.1.10 ACM Mode
......................................................................................................................
68
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5.3.4.1.10.1 ACM Margin
.............................................................................................................
68
5.3.4.1.10.2 ACM Server IP Adress
..............................................................................................
68
5.3.4.1.11 Auto CCM Mode
.............................................................................................................
68
5.3.4.2 Channels
.................................................................................................................................
69
5.3.4.2.1 Channel 1
..........................................................................................................................
69
5.3.4.2.1.1 ISI Range
....................................................................................................................
69
5.3.4.2.2 Channel 2
..........................................................................................................................
69
5.3.4.2.2.1 ISI Range
....................................................................................................................
69
5.3.4.3 Interfaces
................................................................................................................................
70
5.3.4.3.1 TEST
..................................................................................................................................
70
5.3.4.3.1.1 Source
........................................................................................................................
70
5.3.4.3.1.2 Pattern
.......................................................................................................................
70
5.3.4.3.1.3 Pattern-Invert
............................................................................................................
70
5.3.4.3.1.4 Pattern-Byte
..............................................................................................................
70
5.3.4.3.2 ASI-A
.................................................................................................................................
71
5.3.4.3.2.1 Source
........................................................................................................................
71
5.3.4.3.2.2 Data-Invert
................................................................................................................
71
5.3.4.3.2.3 Data Rate
Mode.........................................................................................................
71
5.3.4.3.2.4 Data Rate
...................................................................................................................
71
5.3.4.3.2.5 Data Rate Accuracy
....................................................................................................
71
5.3.4.3.3 ASI-B
.................................................................................................................................
72
5.3.4.3.3.1 Source
........................................................................................................................
72
5.3.4.3.3.2 Data-Invert
................................................................................................................
72
5.3.4.3.3.3 Data Rate
Mode.........................................................................................................
72
5.3.4.3.3.4 Data Rate
...................................................................................................................
73
5.3.4.3.3.5 Data Rate Accuracy
....................................................................................................
73
5.3.4.3.4 GbE-A
................................................................................................................................
73
5.3.4.3.4.1 Source
........................................................................................................................
73
5.3.4.3.4.2 Auto-Negotiation
.......................................................................................................
73
5.3.4.3.4.3 Speed
.........................................................................................................................
73
5.3.4.3.4.4 Duplex
........................................................................................................................
74
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5.3.4.3.4.5 Encapsulation
............................................................................................................
74
5.3.4.3.5 GbE-B
................................................................................................................................
74
5.3.4.3.5.1 Source
........................................................................................................................
74
5.3.4.3.5.2 Auto-Negotiation
.......................................................................................................
74
5.3.4.3.5.3 Speed
.........................................................................................................................
74
5.3.4.3.5.4 Duplex
........................................................................................................................
74
5.3.4.3.5.5 Encapsulation
............................................................................................................
75
6 Remote Control Operation
............................................................................................................
76
6.1 Web Interface
.........................................................................................................................
76
6.1.1 Monitor
...........................................................................................................................
78
6.1.1.1 Line
.........................................................................................................................................
78
6.1.1.2 Interface
.................................................................................................................................
78
6.1.1.2.1 Status
................................................................................................................................
78
6.1.1.2.2 Gb Ethernet
......................................................................................................................
79
6.1.1.3 Alarm
......................................................................................................................................
79
6.1.1.4 Event
.......................................................................................................................................
79
6.1.1.5 System
....................................................................................................................................
79
6.1.2 System
.............................................................................................................................
80
6.1.2.1 Database
.................................................................................................................................
80
6.1.2.1.1 Preset Configurations
.......................................................................................................
80
6.1.2.1.2 Load
..................................................................................................................................
80
6.1.2.1.3 Save As
..............................................................................................................................
81
6.1.2.1.4 Rename
.............................................................................................................................
82
6.1.2.1.5 Delete
...............................................................................................................................
82
6.1.2.1.6 Download
.........................................................................................................................
82
6.1.2.1.7 Upload Configuration
.......................................................................................................
82
6.1.2.1.8 Save
..................................................................................................................................
83
6.1.2.2 HW/SW Versions
....................................................................................................................
84
6.1.2.3 License
....................................................................................................................................
85
6.1.2.4 SW Upgrade
............................................................................................................................
85
6.1.2.5 General
...................................................................................................................................
87
6.1.2.6 Users
.......................................................................................................................................
87
6.1.2.6.1 Delete User
.......................................................................................................................
87
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6.1.2.6.2 Change Password
.............................................................................................................
88
6.1.2.6.3 Add User
...........................................................................................................................
88
6.1.3 System Configure options
............................................................................................
88
6.1.3.1 Management
..........................................................................................................................
88
6.1.3.1.1 IP
.......................................................................................................................................
88
6.1.3.1.2 SNMP
................................................................................................................................
89
6.1.3.1.3 Alrams&Events
.................................................................................................................
89
6.1.3.2 10MHz-Clock
...........................................................................................................................
89
6.1.3.3 Serial Port
...............................................................................................................................
90
6.1.3.4 System-Time
...........................................................................................................................
90
6.1.4 Demodulator - Config options
........................................................................................
91
6.1.4.1 Line
.........................................................................................................................................
91
6.1.4.2 Channel 1
................................................................................................................................
91
6.1.4.3 Channel 2
................................................................................................................................
92
6.1.4.4 Interface Test
..........................................................................................................................
92
6.1.4.5 Interface ASI-A
........................................................................................................................
92
6.1.4.6 Interface ASI-B
........................................................................................................................
92
6.1.4.7 Interface Gb Ethernet-A
.........................................................................................................
93
6.1.4.8 Interface Gb
Ethernet-B..........................................................................................................
93
6.1.5 MCT Calculator
................................................................................................................
94
6.1.5.1 How To Access NovelSat MCT Calculator
...............................................................................
94
6.1.5.2 NovelSat MCT Calculator Structure
........................................................................................
94
6.1.5.3 NovelSat MCT Calculators Results
.........................................................................................
95
6.1.5.4 NovelSat MCT Example
...........................................................................................................
96
6.1.5.4.1 Advised Mode
Code..........................................................................................................
96
6.1.5.4.2 Result Table Legend
..........................................................................................................
97
6.1.5.4.3 Applying a Specific Mode Code on the Device
.................................................................
97
6.2 SNMP
......................................................................................................................................
98
6.2.1 Compatibility remarks
.....................................................................................................
98
6.2.2 Checklist for getting started
............................................................................................
99
7 Quick Operation Guide
................................................................................................................100
7.1 Single_Channel_ASI-A_L-Band
.............................................................................................101
7.2 Dual_Channel_ASI_VCM_L-Band
.........................................................................................101
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7.3 Single_Channel_GbE-A_L-Band
............................................................................................101
7.4 Dual_Channel_GbE_VCM_L-Band
........................................................................................102
7.5 Dual_Channel_PRBS_IF-Band
...............................................................................................102
7.6 Redudancy Switch operation
...............................................................................................103
8 Technical Specifications
...............................................................................................................104
8.1 Input Interfaces
....................................................................................................................104
8.1.1 L-Band Input
..................................................................................................................104
8.1.2 LNB Power Control
........................................................................................................104
8.1.3 IF-Band Input
.................................................................................................................104
8.1.4 10MHz Reference Clock I/O (Optional)
.........................................................................104
8.1.5 10 MHz Clock High Stability (Optional)
......................................................................105
8.2 Baseband
..............................................................................................................................105
8.2.1 DVB-S2
...........................................................................................................................105
8.2.2 NS3
................................................................................................................................105
8.3 Output Interfaces
.................................................................................................................105
8.3.1 ASI Output
.....................................................................................................................105
8.3.2 GbE Output (Optional)
..................................................................................................105
8.4 Monitor and Control Interfaces
...........................................................................................105
8.4.1 SW interfaces
................................................................................................................105
8.4.2 Serial RS232 Interface
...................................................................................................106
8.4.3 Ethernet
........................................................................................................................106
8.4.4 Alarm Interface
.............................................................................................................106
8.5 Physical
.................................................................................................................................106
8.6 Environmental
......................................................................................................................106
8.7 Optional Interfaces
...............................................................................................................106
9 Ordering
Information...................................................................................................................107
10 Troubleshooting Guide
............................................................................................................108
10.1 No Web GUI appears
............................................................................................................108
10.2 Parameters mismatch
..........................................................................................................108
10.3 Golden Sequnce Matching
...................................................................................................108
10.4 No Input Power
....................................................................................................................108
10.5 Dual Channel mislock
...........................................................................................................108
11 Maintenance and Service
.........................................................................................................109
11.1 Maintenance
........................................................................................................................109
11.2 Service
..................................................................................................................................109
11.3 Company Address
.................................................................................................................109
11.4 RMA Form
.............................................................................................................................110
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User Guide NS 2000
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List of Figures
Figure 1 - Allocated Bandwidth
.............................................................................................................
20
Figure 2 - Noise Level
............................................................................................................................
21
Figure 3 - DVB-S2/NS3 Transmit power
................................................................................................
21
Figure 4 - Nominal Performance Chart
.................................................................................................
22
Figure 5 - Performance Comparison in Saturated and non-saturated
channel conditions.................. 23
Figure 6 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 12MHz
.....................................................................
24
Figure 7 - NS1000 Spectral image, DVB-S2, 20% ROF, 72MHz
.............................................................
25
Figure 8 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 72MHz
.....................................................................
25
Figure 9 - Phase Noise Immunity Results
..............................................................................................
26
Figure 10 - Phase Noise Mask applied for Phase Noise Test
................................................................
27
Figure 11 - Phase Noise Test Setup
.......................................................................................................
27
Figure 12 - Physical and Logical channels concept
...............................................................................
28
Figure 13 - VCM illustration
..................................................................................................................
30
Figure 14 - Dual Channels with QoS mechanism
..................................................................................
31
Figure 15 - Point - to - Point ACM
.........................................................................................................
34
Figure 16 - Point-to Mulit Point
ACM....................................................................................................
35
Figure 17 - ACM with Dual Channel Example
.......................................................................................
36
Figure 18 - NSPE Overhead Vs. Etherne Frame Size
.............................................................................
38
Figure 19 - Full Duplex example with a router
......................................................................................
39
Figure 20 - Full Duplex example using a switch and VLANs
..................................................................
40
Figure 21 - Point to Mulit Point Full Duplex example
...........................................................................
41
Figure 22 NS2000 Block Diagram
.......................................................................................................
46
Figure 23 NS2000 Front Panel
............................................................................................................
47
Figure 24 NS2000 Rear Panel
.............................................................................................................
48
Figure 25 - Redundant switch alarm cable
...........................................................................................
50
Figure 26 - Gigabit Ethernet Interface (RJ-45 socket connector),
IEEE 802.3ab compliant ................. 51
Figure 27 - Home Page display
..............................................................................................................
77
Figure 28 - Active Areas example
..........................................................................................................
77
Figure 29 - Monitor Line Screen
............................................................................................................
78
Figure 30 - Monitor Interface Screen
....................................................................................................
78
Figure 31 - Monitor Gb Ethernet Interface
...........................................................................................
79
Figure 32 - NS2000 System Alarms Screen
...........................................................................................
79
Figure 33 - Monitor Events screen
........................................................................................................
79
Figure 34 - NS2000 System Status Screen
............................................................................................
80
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Figure 35 - NS2000 Database Settings Screen
......................................................................................
80
Figure 36 - Load Configuration Option
.................................................................................................
81
Figure 37- Save Configuration Option
...................................................................................................
81
Figure 38 - Rename Configuration Option
............................................................................................
82
Figure 39 - Delete Configuration Option
...............................................................................................
82
Figure 40 - Download Configuration Option
.........................................................................................
82
Figure 41 - Upload Configuration Option
..............................................................................................
83
Figure 42 -Save Configuration Option
...................................................................................................
83
Figure 43 - NS2000 HW/SW configuration screen
................................................................................
84
Figure 44 - NS2000 license Screen
........................................................................................................
85
Figure 45 - NS2000 SW Upgrade Screen
...............................................................................................
86
Figure 46 NS2000 General Options screen
........................................................................................
87
Figure 47 NS2000 USERS actions screen
............................................................................................
87
Figure 48 - NS2000 Delete user Screen
.................................................................................................
87
Figure 49 - NS2000 Change password
Screen.......................................................................................
88
Figure 50 - NS2000 Add User Screen
....................................................................................................
88
Figure 51 NS2000 Management IP screen
.........................................................................................
88
Figure 52 NS2000 SNMP screen
.........................................................................................................
89
Figure 53 NS2000 Alarms & Events screen
........................................................................................
89
Figure 54 NS2000 10MHz Clock screen
..............................................................................................
89
Figure 55 NS2000 Serial Port screen
..................................................................................................
90
Figure 56 NS2000 Date & Time screen
..............................................................................................
90
Figure 57 - Demodulator Config Line Page
...........................................................................................
91
Figure 58 - Demodulator Config Channel 1 Settings
.............................................................................
91
Figure 59 - Demodulator Config Channel 2 Settings
.............................................................................
92
Figure 60 NS2000 Interface Test screen
............................................................................................
92
Figure 61 NS2000 Interface ASI-A
......................................................................................................
92
Figure 62 NS2000 Interface ASI-B
......................................................................................................
93
Figure 63 NS2000 Interface GbE-A
.....................................................................................................
93
Figure 64 NS2000 Interface GbE-B
.....................................................................................................
93
Figure 65 - MCT Calculator Tab on NS2000 WEB gui
............................................................................
94
Figure 66 - MCT Calculator structure
....................................................................................................
94
Figure 67 - MCT Calculator Comparison Methods
................................................................................
95
Figure 68 - MCT Calculator Use Example
..............................................................................................
96
Figure 69 - MCT Calculator Legend
.......................................................................................................
97
Figure 70 - MCT Calculator Result Table and Apply Buttons
................................................................
97
Figure 71 - Back to Back connection
...................................................................................................101
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Figure 72 - Single IRD Source redundancy example
...........................................................................103
List of Tables
Table 1 - ACM Example
.........................................................................................................................
33
Table 2: NS2000 Monitor Connector
....................................................................................................
49
Table 3: NS2000 Alarm Connector
........................................................................................................
50
Table 4 - General sub menu items
........................................................................................................
58
Table 5 Active-SW sub menu items
...................................................................................................
59
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1 NS3 Overview
1.1 Introduction
Until the recent emergence of NS3 3G-Sat technology, the belief
in the industry was that it is almost impossible to improve the
spectral efficiency of the latest DVB-S2 protocol. In spite of this
belief, the NS3 modulation scheme achieves 20%-37% increase in
throughput when compared to DVB-S2.
In order to deliver the improvements that NS3 provides, NovelSat
has integrated NS3 into a state-of-the-art Modulator/Demodulator
pair which are designed for both video and data transmission. This
equipment has two other unique characteristics in addition to
NS3:
1) The ability to support 72MHz as a single carrier
2) The ability to process wideband, high-quality signals to
deliver ultra-broadband speeds up to 358Mbps.
In typical video contribution/distribution conditions on 36MHz
or smaller carriers, NS3 usually delivers an improvement of 28%
over DVB-S2 . While operating on 72MHz transponders, the improved
throughput increases to 37%-62% and beyond. The ability to
transmit single 72MHZ carrier eliminates co-carrier interference
and allows saturating the transponder. The result is an increased
signal power by more than 2 dB relative to a multi-carrier
scenario. This effect, combined with NS3 cutting edge modulation
scheme, yields total capacity improvements in excess of 50%.
NS3 was designed using most of the basic building blocks and
fundamental techniques of DVB-S2. However, NovelSat enhanced some
of them and added new ones to substantially increase the
performance and robustness. The first products to use the NS3,
third generation satellite modulation, are NovelSat's NS1000
Modulator and NS2000 Demodulator.
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User Guide NS 2000
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1.2 The NS3 Advantage
The NS3 advantage derives from many different factors in such a
manner that, summing all contributions, yields a major
performance/spectral efficiency increase. These contributions
include:
ROF as low as 5%
Improved algorithms for error correction (stronger LDPC)
Better granularity (the ability to move to a better
constellation even for small improvement
(fractions of dB) of SNR at different channel conditions
Higher capacity constellations yielding the ability to get more
data for higher SNR (where
DVB-S2 stop at ~15dB)
Non Linear Distortion Compensator on the Demodulator side, to
operate at saturated
transponder (more robust solution compare to pre-distortion at
the Modulator side)
Lower inherent implementation loss of demodulator from
competition resulting with lower threshold values
Support transmission of a single carrier on a 72MHz transponder
in saturation mode
Special algorithms to handle high phase noise conditions
All of the above is additive to any data compression schemes
might be added before the NS1000 modulator
1.3 Comparing NS3 and DVB-S2
NS3 is a true and de-facto candidate to be the industry new
standard. The DVB-S3, if you like. NS3 stands out and pass all the
required criteria needed to be a new standard. It has at least 20%
performance improvent over DVB-S2 nad it sets out new capablities
for satellite communications providers to overcome future
needs.
In order to compare apples to apples, all the following tests of
NS3 were held under three main contraints:
Equal Bandwidth
Equal Noise Level
Equal Transmit Power.
All the results to appear were achieved while comparing the
performance of DVB-S2, (NovelSat's DVB-S2 which has the insdustry's
lowest implementation loss) while keeping the contraints mentioned
above.
The tests carried out were to set a certain link condition and
test throughput , and then under the same conditions change to NS3
and test throuput here.
The following sections depict this concepts and results.
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User Guide NS 2000
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1.3.1 Allocated Bandwidth
When comparing NS-3 with DVB-S2, we would like to make sure the
allocated bandwidth is kept the same. A spectral snapshot of both
NS3 (in yellow) and DVB-S2 (in green) 36MHz signals are shown in
Figure 1 as an example.
Figure 1 - Allocated Bandwidth
The DVB-S2 signal roll-off factor setting shown in Figure 1 is
20% and, accordingly, the baud rate was set to 30MBaud. The NS-3
signal roll-off factor setting shown in Figure 1 is 5% and,
accordingly, the baud rate was set to 34.28MBaud (Symb/s=BW/(1+Roll
Off). This was kept fixed throughout the comparison. The two red
vertical lines represent the 36MHz channel boundaries. As can be
observed, both signals fully reside within the allocated bandwidth
and do not interfere with adjacent channels.
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User Guide NS 2000
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1.3.2 Noise Level
as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 - Noise Level
The two red ellipses emphasize the noise level on both sides of
the carrier.
1.3.3 Transmit Power
The transmit power of both NS3 and DVB-S2 signals was kept the
same during the comparison, in order to simulate the power
limitation of the on-board TWT amplifier. The transmit power is
equal to the integral of the power spectral density of the signals,
and is illustrated by the red shaded area in Figure 3 for DVB-S2
and NS3 signals, respectively.
DVB-S2 NS3
Figure 3 - DVB-S2/NS3 Transmit power
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 22
As can be seen in , although the spectral shapes of NS3 and
DVB-S2 signals are different, the total transmit power is
identical.
1.3.4 Actual Performance
The actual performance of the NS3 protocol and DVB-S2 are shown
in Figure 4 measured at 30Mbaud with the NS2000. Keep in mind that
while the NovelSat implementation loss for DVB-S2 is negligible,
implementation losses in DVB-S2 competitors equipment can be
substantial. Documented competitor implementation losses explain
why actual NS3 performance improvements in the field are greater
than what we show in this chart.
Figure 4 - Nominal Performance Chart
The horizontal axis represents the Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR),
in dB, and the vertical axis
represents the spectral efficiency in bits/sec/Hz. As can be
seen, NS3 is better than the DVB-S2 protocol at all CNR values.
1.3.5 Saturated Channel
Incorporating the non-linear effects of the satellite chain,
specifically the Carrier Noise Ratio amplifier, IMUX and OMUX
filtering prove that the NS3 protocol advantages over DVB-S2 are
kept throughout the CNR range. This scenario is typical when using
a single carrier per transponder and high saturation is allowed.
The objective conditions that were kept the same during this NS3
and DVB-S2 comparison are:
TWTA same Psat (saturation level) and AM-AM and AM-PM curve
Noise level
Out of band interference after OMUX filtering
The input back-off factor to the TWTA was optimized with each
ModCod, both in DVB-S2 and NS3 modes, in order to optimize the
performance. Figure 5 shows the ensemble
6 8 10 12 14 16 181
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
CNR [dB]
Ru [
bits/s
ec/H
z]
Performance Comparison
DVB-S2
NS3
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 23
performance of NS3 protocol in saturated and non-saturated
conditions against ensemble performance of DVB-S2.
Figure 5 - Performance Comparison in Saturated and non-saturated
channel conditions
The red line on the top is the Shannon limit (in pure linear
channel conditions), the next two green and blue upper lines
represent NS3 and DVB-S2 performance, respectively, with linear
channel conditions and the next two green and blue lower lines
represent NS3 and DVB-S2 performance, respectively, in a saturated
satellite link. As can be seen, the advantage of NS3 protocol over
DVB-S2 is kept almost the same in saturated channel as well. The
saturated channel lines assume no pre-distortion.
Incorporating Non-Linear Pre-Distortion (NLPD), which is
supported by NovelSats modulator and
de-modulator, will shift up both graphs. However, the advantage
of NS3 protocol over DVB-S2 will be maintained. In addition to
that, NovelSats solution is the only one in the market that
supports non-linear equalization on the receiver side which gives
performance almost as good as ideal NLPD but without the need for a
feedback link and without the knowledge or characterization of the
specific satellite in use. The non-linear equalization on the
receiver side adapts automatically to mitigate the non-linear
impairments. If for example the IBO to the TWT changes due to
fading on the uplink the receiver would adapt automatically.
1.3.6 Spectral Mask
The spectral image of the noise free 12MHz NS3 signal with ROF
5% coming out of the
NS1000 modulator in NS3 is shown in Figure 6.
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 181
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
Psat/No
Ru [
bits/s
ec/H
z]
Performance Comparison
Shannon
NS3
DVB-S2
NS3 IMUX-TWT-OMUX
DVB-S2 IMUX-TWT-OMUX
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User Guide NS 2000
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Figure 6 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 12MHz
As can be seen, the signal fully resides within the allocated
bandwidth and the out of band noise level drops down to about
-65dB.
A similar spectral image of the noise free 72MHz DVB-S2 signal
with ROF 20% and 72MHz NS3 signal with ROF 5% are show in Figure 7
and Figure 8, respectively.
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 25
Figure 7 - NS1000 Spectral image, DVB-S2, 20% ROF, 72MHz
Figure 8 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 72MHz
Once again, the signals fully reside within the allocated 72MHz
bandwidth.
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1.3.7 Phase Noise Immunity
NS3 provides excellent phase noise immunity compared to DVB-S2,
utilizing special algorithm designed to mitigate it. As can be seen
in Figure 9, for the same applied phase noise (See Figure 10) to a
DVB-S2 demodualtor and NS3 demodulator, the SNR increase need in
DVB-S2 to maintain the modecode was 2dB while in NS3 it was only
0.4dB .
Figure 9 - Phase Noise Immunity Results
As shown in Figure 10, the applied phase noise is as shown in
the RED line while the BLUE line is a typical Set Top Box phase
noise mask stated in DVB-S2 standard.
6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 111.5
2
2.5
3
CNR [dB]
Ru [
bits/s
ec/H
z]
Performance Comparison
DVB-S2
NS3
32APSK 8/15
24.5Mbps
+0.4 dB
16APSK 2/3
21.4Mbps
+2.0 dB
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 27
Figure 10 - Phase Noise Mask applied for Phase Noise Test
Our test set-up looks as depicted in Figure 11.
NS2000 Demodulator
NS1000 Modulator
Competitors
DVB-S2 Demodulator
Spectrum
Analyzer
White Noise
Generator
Coupler
Splitter
NS3
DVB-S2
DVB-S2
NS3/DVB-S2 NS2000 Demodulator
Signal
Generator
RF Mixer
Figure 11 - Phase Noise Test Setup
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20Phase noise mask
Freq [Hz]
Density [
dB
c/H
z]
Typical
Under Test
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2 Theory Of Operation
2.1 Logical and Physical Channels concepts
NS3 make use of logical and physical channels concept. The
NS2000 has two logical channels, namely channel 1 and channel 2 and
they can be assigned to any physical channel. In a way the NS3
implements a multiplexer per each logical channel, that can
transmitted over the same carrier. Figure 12 depicts this concept
more clearly.
BER Meter
Channel 1
Demodulator
Physical
Channel 2
Logical
Figure 12 - Physical and Logical channels concept
Do note, that only if dual channel option is enabled, the above
diagram applies. If only single channel is enabled, only logical
channel 1 exists, and all physical channels may be connected to
channel 1.
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2.2 Dual Channel Operation
The NS2000 Dual Channel option enables any two inputs to be
combined simultaneously over one carrier, each with a different
modulation scheme using Variable Coding Modulation (VCM),
one for each channel. This enables transmission quality that is
dependent upon the interface content and the different receivers
locations.
Dual Channel operation also enables the combination of Ethernet
Stream and the ASI interface, easing migration to IP streaming
while controlling the QoS of each stream. Each channel can get a
dynamic bandwidth allocation in a 1% resolution. The major
advantage of NovelSat's dual channel solution is that if a
pre-configured channel does not need its bandwidth at the current
time, the
second channel can receive the given bandwidth for bulky data
chunks transfer, thus, utilizing the costly space segment in a
optimal manner.
The respective output channels will output at the respective
output connector on the rear panel, identical to the configuration
it was injected on the NS1000. For example, data injected on ASI-A
IN connector will come out on ASI-A OUT connector.
Dual channel can be enabled using the WEB GUI (See 6.1.4.1) or
the front panel (See 5.3.4.1.2 Error! Reference source not
found.)
2.3 Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM)
Constant Coding and Modulation (ACM) denotes the stability of
modulation, coding and other signal and protocol parameters
regardless to the conditions of the radio link. NS3 provides a vast
range of modulation schemes and forward error correction (FEC)
modes to accommodate many difffrent radio links conditions. Upon
Setting the modulator channel setting, that is, the modulation and
FEC, they will remain the same until changed again by the user. All
the frames transmitted over the selected carrier will use the same
parameters.
This mode is supported in all transmission protocols, that
is:
DVB-S2
NS3
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Version 4.2 I 30
2.4 Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) Dual Channel
As was initially introduced in DVB-S2, NS3 offers along with the
dual channel option, the ability to have two separate streams,
originating from different physical sources (ASI, GbE etc'), to be
on the same actual carrier while possessing a different ModeCode,
thus enabling maximization of throughput to different remote sites.
See Figure 13 for illustration.
MODECODE #1
MODECODE #2
NS1000
NS2000
NS2000
Figure 13 - VCM illustration
The NS3 dual channel option also allows improved utilization of
the allocated bandwidth using its built-in Qouality-Of-Service
mechanism. To better explain this mechanism, let us explore the
next example,as depicted in the figure shown below.
ModeCode#1 Video 70%
MODECODE#2 Ethernet 30%
NS1000
NS2000
NS2000
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 31
Figure 14 - Dual Channels with QoS mechanism
Now ModeCode#1 was assigned 70% of the total allocated wandwidth
while ModeCode#2 was allocated the remaining 30%. Let us also
assume, that ModeCode #1 is transmitting a Video Stream using ASI
I/F and ModeCode#2 is for Ethernet Data. Assuming now, the Video
stream is off or at a lower definition, thus, the actual bit rate
has decreased. Instead of sending dummy frames using ModeCode#1,
the NS3 technology, can allocate the redundant bandwidth to
ModeCode#2, assuming more data can be stuffed there. The NS3
mechanism will automatically ensure the allocated 70% bandwidth if
the Video Stream is now back again and demands more bandwidth.
This
action will be operating, automatically, with no need of a human
operator intervention.
This mode is supported in all the following transmission
protocols, that is:
DVB-S2
NS3
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2.5 Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)
Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) denotes the matching of
modulation, coding and other signal and protocol parameters to the
conditions of the radio link. The process of link adaptation is a
dynamic one and the signal and protocol parameters change as the
radio link conditions change.
ACM Mode is used to adjust modulation parameters to such
changing link conditions and allows using the highest possible
modulation with current link status. If link conditions get worse,
the system will automatically change modulation in order to avoid
loss of data. If a link condition is improved, the system will
automatically change modulation to highest possible modulation.
The NS1000 modulator along with NS2000 demodulators supporting
the ACM option can offer
substantial operation improvements:
ACM can turn fade margin into increased link capacity
substantial capacity improvement are possible, when compared to
Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM) performance. This is acheived
by automatically adapting the MODCOD to give maximal
throughput.
ACM can maximize the throughput regardless of the actual link
conditions (noise, clear sky, rain fade, or other degredation
factors). Initial setup is easy and requires no further user
intervention.
The ACM can be set to a target link margin value which will
always be kept.
With a traditional CCM system, severe degredation may cause the
total loss of the link
resulting actually no throughput. ACM can keep the link active
during heavy fades with lower throughput, and can yield much higher
system availability.
2.5.1 Background
Depending on the geographical region and link budget criteria,
faded conditions can occur at a very small pecrtange of time. In
those cases, the operating SNR of the link is usually higher than
needed , for the rest of the time. This is usually referd to as the
Link Margin. ACM can take advantage of this link margin by changing
the ModeCode during unfaded conditions, thus, allowing the link to
have a higher throughput during these periods. An example may
illustrate this point. Table shows the
several ModCods, the Spectral Efficiency (SE), and Es/No for the
NS3 assuming Normal Frame size of 64,800 bits.
ModeCode Minimal CNR[dB] Spectral Efficentcy [b/S/Hz]
Datarate (Mbps) @ 34.285MSPS
7.60 16APSK 3/5 2.2 79.20
8.03 16APSK 19/30 2.33 83.88
8.50 32APSK 8/15 2.45 88.20
9.14 32APSK 17/30 2.60 93.60
9.78 16APSK 3/4 2.76 99.36
10.36 32APSK 19/30 2.91 104.76
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10.70 16APSK 4/5 2.94 105.84
10.92 32APSK 2/3 3.07 110.52
11.63 32APSK 32/45 3.27 117.72
12.43 32APSK 3/4 3.45 124.20
Table 1 - ACM Example
If a link is designed to operate at an CNR of 8 dB during a 4dB
fade, the 4dB fade is the link margin
mentioned above. When fade conditions are not present, the link
margin can be converteted into a higher link CNR: 8dB + 4dB of link
margin resulting new CNR of 12dB. This non faded CNR of 12dB allows
for a much higher ModeCode to be used, offering a higher Spectral
Effeciency. The corresponding Spectral Efficiencies in this example
range from 2.33bits/Sec/Hz to 3.27bits/Sec/Hz.
2.5.2 Constant Power Mode
In constant power mode the modulator produces has the same
output power but the peak to
average keeps changing when constellations change even on a
frame by frame basis, thus the
input back-off in the satellite is not constant. This is the
suitable ACM mode for a linear satellite
link, that is, not saturated. The Back-off is measured as the
average power of the signal vs. the
saturation level of the TWTA. Therefor when we work in constant
power the Back-off is fixed.
2.5.3 Constant Enevelope Mode
In the case of a saturated channel, the input back-off changes
degrade the overall performance, thus the constant envelope mode
keeps the peak to average ratio constant regardless of the
transmitted constellations, thus maintain same back-off for all
frames. The Back-off is measured as the average power of the signal
vs. the saturation level of the TWTA, and while working with
constant envelope the outer circle of each constellation has the
same amplitude and therefor the back-off is not fixed (for example
it is lower for QPSK and higher for 32APSK).
2.5.4 ACM System Description
There are a number of essential requirements to enable this
scheme:
a) The NS1000 modulator which can instantaneously, upon
receiving the command, change ModeCode. This has to be accomplished
without the corruption of data anywhere in the path. The ModeCode
must remain fixed throughout an entire frame and may change to any
other ModeCode on the next frame.
b) The NS1000 modulator must send the value of ModeCode at the
start of each frame to inform the far side NS2000 demodulator on
which ModeCode to be locked upon.
c) A far side NS2000 demodulator capable of demodulating and
decoding the signal transmitted by
the near side modulator without any prior knowledge of when a
change has taken place, based purely on the value of ModCod seen at
the start of each Frame. Again, this needs to be accomplished
without the corruption of data anywhere in the path.
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User Guide NS 2000
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d) The far side receiver needs to derive an estimate of the link
quality, the received Es/No, and then communicate this estimate,
via a return channel, back to the near side modulator.
e) The near side modulator needs to process the link quality
metric from the far side demodulator and, based upon a
pre-determined algorithm, adapt the data rate and change the
ModeCode sent to the far side receiver. This closes the loop and
maximizes the data rate for the current link conditions.
2.5.4.1 Point-to-Point ACM
Lets us consider the system shown in Figure 15. As can be seen,
if the remote site fading conditions degrade, due to geographic
condition, upon a message on the return channel of the
receiving
conditions, the modulator will have to reduce the capacity.
If a clear sky conditions reappear, the modulator will increase
the ModeCode to the highest possible, upon receiving a message on
the now improved receiving conditions while keeping the desired
Link Margin constraint set by the user.
Clear Sky
NS1000NS2000
Rain
NS1000NS2000
Figure 15 - Point - to - Point ACM
Also, the user must we aware that if a ACM report return link
fail to exist from some reason, the
system will automatically reduce the ModeCode to QPSK 1/4 which
is the lowest possible ModeCode assuming it can be recived on
remote side at all condtions.
Once the receiving report are renewed the ModeCode will be
updated accordingly.
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Please note, ACM Mode only supports pilots on. Enabling ACM Mode
will force channel to transmit data with pilots.
2.5.4.2 Point-to-Multipoint ACM
ACM can offcourse support a point to multipoint scheme using ACM
and all the benefits mentioned above are valid. However, in this
configuration since all remote sites recieve the same transmission
(same ModeCode), and all demodulators are monitored by ACM, the
weakest link will be the bottle neck and will dictate the used
ModeCode.
Lets us consider the system shown in Figure 16, as can be seen
even if on one remote site the fading conditions degrade, while
other have a clear sky condition due to geographic condition, all
the
stations will have to reduce the capacity.
Clear Sky
NS1000NS2000
Rain
NS2000
Figure 16 - Point-to Mulit Point ACM
Also, the user must we aware that if a ACM report return link
fail to exist from some reason, the system will automatically
reduce the ModeCode to QPSK 1/4 which is the lowest possible
ModeCode assuming it can be recived on remote side at all
condtions.
Once the receiving report are renewed the ModeCode will be
updated accordingly.
In order to avoid this sensitivity NovelSat came up with the
Dual Channel with ACM option, explained in details in the next
section. Please note, ACM Mode only supports pilots on. Enabling
ACM Mode will force both channels to transmit data with pilots.
2.5.4.2.1 Dual Channel addition
NovelSat dual channel feature when combined with ACM
functionality allows the system to
maximize capacity while avoiding constraints of one remote site,
In this scenario, let us consider two remote sites. Here, if one is
experiencing fading, its own ModeCode will reduce, while the
other
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station experiencing clear sky condition can maintain its high
ModeCode. Figure 17 shows an example of this scenario.
Clear Sky ModeCode#1
NS1000NS2000
RainModeCode#2
NS2000
Figure 17 - ACM with Dual Channel Example
2.5.4.3 ACM Configuration
On the Modulator Side, the user must enable the ACM feature
(please refer to NS1000 User Guide section 6.1.4.1).
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2.6 ASI Interface
ASI interface (Asynchronous Serial Interface) is mainly used to
stream MPEG data into the modulatorfor video transmission
applications. Constant Bit Rate (CBR) is usually used for those
applications. The MPEG data is composed of 188 Bytes Transport
Stream packets. There is no flow control mechanism on the ASI
interface, hence the need to accept and process all incoming data.
The NS1000 supports up to two ASI input streams which can be
transmitted concurrently in dual channel mode. There are few
options to handle the incoming data, depending on the use case and
the following parameters:
Modulation scheme DVBS/DSNG, DVB-S2, NS3
Single/Dual channel
Receiver capabilities
Matching the A