Nri Institute of Reasearch and Technology,

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NRI INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY

BHOPAL

A presentation on four wheel steering mechanism

Guided by :- submitted by:-

Dr.shiv kumar aslam khan(prof. mechanical department) chetan waaghmare

mechanical 6th sem

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Objectives

•Introduction

•Comparison between 4wheel and 2wheel steering mechanism

•Advantages

•Disadvantages

•Companies using this mechanism

•Future aspects

•Components used

•Conclusion•Refrences

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References1. “Automotive Technology –A System Approach”, Jack

Erjavee.2. “Automotive Suspension and steering System”, Thomas W

Birch.

3. “Automotive Service-Inspection, maintenance, repair ” Tim

Gilles

4. http://www.howstuffworks.com

5. http://trucks.about.com/cs/4ws/a/4wheel_steering.htm

6. http://www.projecttopics.info/Mechanical/Mechanical-Four-

Wheels-Steering.php

7. http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-four-wheel-steering-system-full-report--

6172#ixzz1tn3wSWNO.

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Basic components used

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Introduction

A Four Wheel steering (4WS) System is also known as “Quadra

Steering System”. In this both front as well as rear wheels can be

steered according to speed of the vehicle and space available for turning. Quadra steer is system that gives full size vehicles greater 

ease while driving at low speed, and improves stability, handling

and control at higher speed. Through this a vehicle moves by 360’

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Essential concept to drive vehicle

• Any mode of transportation used by people must have some

means of control. For the automobile, two primary control

systems are at the driver's disposal: (1) the steering system,

and (2) the braking system.

•

The steering mechanism converts the driver's rotational inputat the steering wheel into a change in the steering angle of the

vehicle's steering road wheels.

• For a car to turn smoothly, each wheel must follow a different

circle. Since the inside wheel is following a circle with a smaller 

radius, it is actually making a tighter turn than the outside

wheel. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel, the lines

will intersect at the center point of the turn. The geometry of the

steering linkage makes the inside wheel turn more than the

outside wheel.

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 A layout of 4wheel drive

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Comparison between AWD and FWD

Car more efficient and stable on cornering.

Improved steering responsiveness and precision .

High speed straight line stability.

Notable improvement in rapid, easier, safer lane changingmaneuvers.

Smaller turning radius and tight space maneuverability at low

speed.

Relative Wheel Angles and their Control.

Risk of hitting an obstacle is greatly reduced.

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 Advantages of 4wd

Easy to take turn

Provides beneficial in parking

Decreases rush

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Disadvantages

High cost

More power is required

Weight is increases due to additional components

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Companies using these mechanisms

Mahindra xuv500

Ferrari ff 

Ford fusion

Toyota

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Future aspects

An innovative feature of this steering linkage design is its ability to drive

all four Wheels using a single steering actuator.

Its successful implementation will allow for the development of a four-wheel steered power base with maximum maneuverability

uncompromised static stability, front- and rear wheel tracking, and

optimum obstacle climbing capability.

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Examples

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Examples

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 CONCLUSIONS 

Thus, the four wheel steering system has got cornering capability,

steering response, straight line stability, lane changing and low speedmaneuverability.

Even though it is advantageous over the convectional two wheel

steering system, four wheel steering is a complex and expensive.

Currently the cost of a vehicle with four wheel steering is more than

that of the convectional two wheel steering of vehicle.

Four wheel steering is growing in popularity and it is likely to come in

more and more new vehicles.

As the system become more common place, the cost of four wheel

steering system will drop down.

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Thanking you