November 2015

Georgia O'Keeffe

The Taos Artists

VOICEThe Senior

Published Locally Since 1980 November 2015

Mountain Stories

2 • The Senior Voice • November 2015

Published Locally Since 1980Vol. 35, No. 12

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By Bill Lambdin If you drive Trail Ridge Road in Rocky Mountain National Park, stop at the Gore Range Overlook. Some interesting stories are asso-ciated with the mountains you see there. The range was named for Sir George Gore, an Irish aristocrat who in 1855 organized a lavish hunting party through these mountains. Each day, his valet supervised a bucket brigade of servants who filled Gore’s bathtub. Some people said that when he was hung over or lazy, Gore had his servants herd elk or deer toward the front of his dining tent where he shot them without walking into the woods. Early reports also said that, in the evening around the campfire, Gore read Shakespeare to frontier scout Jim Bridger, who served as guide for the hunting trip. No one knows if the rugged, illiterate Bridger enjoyed the readings. But we do know that Bridger

named this mountain range for Gore. Bridger also named Gore Creek for him; it runs through the town of Vail at the south end of the Gore Range. Early writers said Gore’s hunt-ing party included several of his wealthy friends, 50 servants, over 100 horses and mules, six supply wagons, and several months’ sup-ply of whiskey. He also had car-peted silk tents and several young women along. According to the stories, Gore and his group of “hunters” shot everything in sight, killing hun-dreds of animals and leaving most of them to rot in the woods. One report said a band of Sioux became outraged when they saw the slaughter. They surrounded Gore’s party while they were hunting in the woods and took all their horses. The Sioux stripped the men of their clothes, accord-ing to that report; and Lord Gore wandered through the naked wil-derness for a while, until a friend-

lier band of Indians found him and his party. One of the highest peaks in the Gore Range is Mount Powell, named for explorer John Wesley Powell. A Civil War veteran with only one arm, Powell was the first to raft the Colorado River through the Grand Canyon, which is why Lake Powell was named for him. In 1868, Powell was also one of the first white men to climb Longs Peak near Estes Park. When he reached the top, he left two items in a tin can on the summit, a piece of paper with his name on it—and a biscuit. Companions said Powell had made the biscuit and thought it a suitable memento to leave on the mountain. They said it was hard enough to last for eternity.________________COVER PICTURE: A Stanley Steamer car in Estes Park years ago. Courtesy The Stanley Mu-seum. n

Small group of campers in the late 1800s near Estes Park. Photo Estes History Museum.


Estate PlanningEstate PlanningBy Ron Rutz, Legal Correspondent

Q: You reviewed the Will I put together using the downloaded form that I ran off from the internet. What do you think?A: I won’t point out the substantive” defects since readers cannot see what you gave me. But I will mention some clauses that you might add to make the Will more flexible. First, add wording that if there are defects or problems within the document, the Will should not be invalidated by the Court but would still be honored if it accomplishes your overall objectives. Next, add a provision requiring that unsupervised administration be used unless the Court or cir-cumstances direct otherwise. Include the “30-day survivorship” mandate (not six months) and exclude your spouse from inclu-sion under the clause. For couples, be sure that the Article or paragraph in each Will concerning both spouses dying at

the same time is coordinated, i.e. the wording in each Will prop-erly designates who is deemed to survive and who is deemed to have pre-deceased. Always have a back-up or al-ternative recipient for each be-quest in case the bequest cannot be distributed to the first designee. In Colorado, never use “pop legal” clauses (such as “won’t inherit if the receiver contests the Will”) without first clearing such wording with an attorney. Then have the attorney confirm his or her advice in writing. Many of these clauses are not enforceable in Colorado.________________Attorney Ron Rutz will answer questions sent to [email protected]. Phone 970.223.8333 in Fort Collins. n

By Deborah Budde - Greeley Social Security Office September was Childhood Cancer Awareness Month, des-ignated to bring attention to the types of cancer that largely affect children. About 13,000 children under age 21 receive can-cer diagnoses every year. About a quarter of them will not survive. Those who do will likely suffer with the disease for some time. If your child has cancer or another disabling condition, and if your family has low income and few resources, you may be able to get Supplemental Security Income, or SSI, for your child. If you are receiving retirement or disability benefits, your child may be eligible for Social Security disability insurance when he or she turns age 18 as a “Disabled Adult Child.” To receive SSI or disability insurance benefits, your child’s condition must be expected to last for at least 12 continuous months

or result in death. For both Social Security and SSI, you will need to file an application for disabil-ity benefits. A good place to start is by visiting www.socialsecurity.gov/disability and selecting the “Disability Starter Kit” under “Apply for Benefits.” There, you’ll find a “Child Dis-ability Starter Kit” that includes a fact sheet to answer your ques-tions, a link to the “Child Disabil-ity Report” for you to complete, a checklist for your in-office inter-view with a Social Security rep-resentative, and a “Medical and School Worksheet.” A printable version of the “Child Starter Kit” is available.________________Deborah Budde is the Assistant Manager of the Greeley Social Security office. n

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- The Taos Artists -By Bill Lambdin

This year Taos, New Mexico, is celebrating the 100th anniver-sary of the famous Taos Society of Artists that flourished in the early 1900s. The artists made American Southwest landscapes famous through paintings about a “land of enchantment.” The artists includ-ed Georgia O’Keeffe, Catherine Critcher, Ernest Blumenschein, Irving Couse, and others. Located north of Santa Fe, the Taos scenery appealed to artists looking for new ideas and sub-jects to paint. It also attracted writer D.H. Lawrence, photog-rapher Ansel Adams, and others who comprised a unique group of creative people. An important member of the group was wealthy art patron and socialite Mabel Dodge Luhan, who knew Pablo Picasso, Ger-trude Stein, and others who in-

fluenced art and literature at the time. Mabel was a colorful char-acter who had several husbands and affairs. D.H. Lawrence, author of “Lady Chatterley’s Lover,” de-scribed the appeal of the Taos area: “For greatness of beauty, I have never experienced anything like New Mexico.” Probably the most famous Taos artist was Georgia O’Keeffe, who spent time in northern New Mex-ico from 1929 until her death in 1986. Some critics have called her America’s most influential female artist. One of her paintings recent-ly sold for over $44 million. She was born in 1887 in Wis-consin, the daughter of an Irish farmer. She didn’t have an Irish temper, but she was highly inde-pendent and in charge of her life. One of her Taos friends de-scribed her as “a loner, a severe

figure and self-made person.” And she was beautiful. Her husband, photographer Alfred Stieglitz, caused a sensation in 1929 when he exhibited his nude photographs of her in a New York studio. But Georgia didn’t rely on that for fame. She worked hard at her painting all her life—trying, she said, “to get at the real meaning of things.” By the late 1920s she was rec-ognized as one of America’s most important artists. But she was searching for inspiration. She found it in northern New Mexi-co’s golden sunshine and remote, uninhabited places. She received many awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Ger-ald Ford in 1977. The Georgia O’Keeffe Museum was estab-lished in Santa Fe in 1995 and draws many visitors. After she died in 1986, her

ashes were scattered on an iso-lated mountain near Taos. “It’s my private mountain,” she said. “It belongs to me. God told me if I painted it enough, I could have it.” And she did. n

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Many patients who use Medi-care Advantage instead of regular Medicare have problems seeing a doctor or specialist they want, said a recent report from the fed-eral General Accounting Office (GAO). Patients often find that their Medicare Advantage plan’s list of doctors is inaccurate, showing a doctor as participating in their plan; but they later discover the doctor does not participate. The same happens with hospitals. This sometimes leaves patients with too few choices of health-care providers. It also frustrates patients because the plans change providers often. n

Georgia O'Keeffe. Photo in 1918 by her husband Alfred

Stieglitz.

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Gimme a Drinkin

Old Greeley(Editor’s Note: Greeley historian Hazel Johnson wrote this story

years ago.) Some Greeley residents in the 1800s would travel all the way to Denver for a fling because liquor was not permitted in Greeley. Every property deed had a statement that said, “It is expressly agreed that intoxicating liquor shall never be sold or given away in any place of public resort.” That was because the town’s founders like Nathan Meeker brought the first settlers here with the expressed intent of establishing a religious agricultural community where alcohol was not allowed. One young farm hand was described as hard working and honest, but he liked a drink now and then. Periodically he would tell his employer he was going to Denver for the weekend. His employer knew the man would return with a hangover, but he was willing to overlook these lapses because of the young man’s exemplary work habits. One Saturday, he made one of

his Denver trips and really hung one on. He had a considerable sum of money with him, and he knew that bartenders would not hesitate to rob someone who passed out in their establishments. So before going out, he took steps to thwart this. He found a rooming house, went to his room and took several large bills from his pocket. He removed the castors from the iron bedstead and into each cavity he inserted the bills. Then he replaced the castors and took off for the saloon. The plan worked until toward morning when he decided he’d had enough. He staggered out of the saloon to return to his rooming house—but he had forgotten the address. He never found the room or his money. I’ll bet Nathan Meeker still laughs about that, sitting up there among the temperate angels. n

The Loveland Historical Society and Loveland Public Library are presenting free programs on the history of World War II each Tuesday evening in November at 6:30 pm at the Library.

Speakers include historians from Colorado State University, the University of Wyoming, a member of the American Legion National Security Council, and others.

For information, email [email protected]

or call 290.0169.

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Greeley in the late 1800s. Photo Hazel Johnson Collection.


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Horsetooth

Mountain (Editor’s Note: Fort Collins historian Josephine Clements wrote this

story years ago.) Horsetooth Mountain west of Fort Collins rises nearly a half mile above the land to the east of it. The view of the mountain from

the east, however, pales in com-parison to its beauty seen from the west where its base rests in the valley of Redstone Creek. The drive along the seven

miles of County Road 25E that follows the valley and stream is beautiful. The road leaves Road 38E, the Masonville road, and runs northwest on the west side of Horsetooth. It was this route that my grand-parents, John and Alice Payson, followed in 1898 when they bought the Robert West home-stead. They moved their belong-ings and cattle with new calves from the old town of Stout south of Horsetooth Lake to their new ranch in an April snowstorm. It was also from this valley that Nelson Bardwell and his two sons drove their team and wagon up Blue Mountain. Bardwell died long ago and was buried on the west side of the ridge north of Horsetooth. His sons lived out their lives in this lovely place. As a child, my first recollection of those sons was a day in 1927 when my grandfather came home from town and announced that the “Bardwell boys” were coming for dinner. I was surprised when the “boys” drove up in their team and wagon. They were about as old as my grandfather.

Now those boys are buried beside their father high on the beautiful ridge north of Horsetooth. n

Horsetooth viewed from the west side. Photo Bill Lambdin.

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By Bill Lambdin Marcia Angell, M.D., is one of the most respected healthcare researchers in the U.S.—former editor of the New England Jour-nal of Medicine, Harvard Univer-sity professor, and author of “The Truth About the Drug Compa-nies,” a book the Washington Post said shows “how drug-company money and power is corrupting American medicine.” She said, “Instead of being an engine of innovation, it is a vast marketing machine. Instead of be-

ing a free market success story, it lives off government-funded re-search and monopoly rights.” Drug companies tell us their high prices are necessary to devel-op new medicines, but Angell’s research shows that “only a hand-ful of truly important drugs have been brought to market in recent years, and they were mostly based on taxpayer-funded research at academic institutions, small bio-technology companies, or the Na-tional Institutes of Health.”

The drug companies are very good at hiding the fact that tax-payers’ money funds most re-search. And though they talk about “breakthroughs” they rarely achieve any. “The great majority of ‘new’ drugs are not new at all but merely variations of older drugs already on the market,” said Angell. And drug companies have monopolies through government patents that protect their drugs for years from becoming less expen-sive generics. They can make one minor change in a drug and renew its patent protection for many years. The amount of money they spend on research is miniscule compared to what they spend on advertising and what they reap in profits.

“This industry uses its wealth and power to co-opt every institution that might stand in its way, in-cluding the U.S. Congress,” said Angell.n

A PIONEER in LONGMONTBy Lois Hall

One of the most famous pio-neers who lived in Longmont was Joel Estes, for whom the town of Estes Park was named. At the beginning of the Colo-rado gold rush in l859, he brought his family West and homestead-ed a farm east of Longmont. That summer, he followed an Indian trail in the mountains and dis-covered the beautiful valley that was later named for him, Estes Park. He moved his family to the park, and they became the first white settlers there. Indians had used the park as a summer home for centuries because of the abundance of wild game. Joel later sold his claims in Estes Park and owned a cattle ranch near Farmington, New Mexico, where he died in l875. But his son Milton and grand-son Edwin lived on farms east of Longmont for years. Milton also lived with his fa-ther in Estes Park and later in New Mexico. But in the early l880s, he returned to Longmont and farmed for many years east of town. Joel’s grandson Edwin also farmed there. Edwin earlier worked as a telegraph operator in the mining town of Leadville

and for the Rocky Mountain News in Denver. His farm near Longmont was very successful, and in l9l4 he bought a creamery business in town. Edwin died in l942, but the Estes family’s descendants were prominent Longmont citizens for many generations. They can trace their association with Col-orado back to l833 when Joel first saw the Rocky Mountains. The Longmont Museum has several books available on the town’s history, including “They Came to Stay,” which contains extensive information on Joel Estes and his family. n

A painting of Joel Estes in the late 1800s. Estes Park

Dr. Angell. Photo NE Journal of Medicine.


By John Kefalas - Colorado State Senator TABOR is a budget conundrum with consequences. This amendment requires voters to approve any tax increases and government to refund surplus revenue. On the other hand, state and local governments are challenged to invest accordingly and save for rainy days. There are serious implications for our state, and unless we take action we are in for a roller coaster ride into the future. In 2014 the Colorado economy grew 6.4%, and the General Fund (GF) ended FY 2014-15 with a $61.5 million surplus resulting in a TABOR refund of $153.6 million. One consequence impacts trans-portation, including the proposed expansion of North I-25. Under current law, there’s a transfer of funds to transportation and capital construction when personal income increases by at least 5% (2014 in-

crease: 5.8%). If the TABOR surplus is 1-3% of GF revenue, the transfer is cut in half; if the surplus is more than 3% the transfer goes away. Revenue projections sug-gest that future transfers could be reduced and eliminated because of TABOR surpluses. This would likely mean delays in solving traffic problems on I-25. A short-term TABOR fix would be to establish the Hospital Provider Fee Cash Fund (HB09-1293) as an enterprise, thus re-moving the $650 million from the TABOR revenue cap to reduce the surplus and allow the full fund transfers to transportation. This is logical because the fee is collected from hospitals to reimburse them for uncompen-sated care, and such a fix would allow more flexibility to invest in education and other infrastructure needs accordingly. ■

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A Clever PloyBy Bill Lambdin

Drug companies have figured out a new way to sell their expensive medicines: Bypassing pharmacists and insurers who might recommend a generic or less expensive drug to patients. The drug companies encourage doctors to order medicines from a mail-order pharmacy the drug company owns. That pharmacy mails the drug to the patient and deals with the patient’s insurance company. That lets the doctor avoid reimbursement hassles from the insurance company. It also lets the doctor avoid dealing with patients’ complaints about the high cost of drugs. The drug companies “are all trying to get rid of the sticker shock of using their drugs,” dermatologist Dr. Kenneth Beer told the New York Times. “They become the drugstore now.”

So far it’s working. Horizon Pharma combined two old generic drugs that cost about $10 per pill into one pill, then raised the price to $1,500 for the pill and sold it through their own pharmacy, said the Times. Horizon took a chance that a patient’s insurance company would pay for the new pill. If it didn’t, Horizon didn’t charge the patient for the pill. Horizon isn’t too concerned if some insurance companies don’t pay. It makes enough profit on others that do. It makes so much profit it can afford not to charge some patients any co-pay for a medicine, say analysts. Horizon does not give the co-pay assistance to Medicare patients because federal officials consider co-pay assistance an illegal inducement to get patients to use a drug. But it’s allowed for private insurance. n

Avoid Chemotherapy? A new genetic test appears to predict which woman with early-stage breast cancer do not have to undergo chemotherapy, said a report in the New England Journal of Medicine. The test, called Oncotype DX, was tested on over 10,000 women ages 18 to 75. About 99% of low-risk women treated with hormone therapy alone and no chemotherapy did not experience cancer recurrence, and the rate of disease-free survival after 5 years was about 94%. “These findings will give women with early-stage breast cancer greater certainty that anti-estrogen therapy will decrease their risk of recurrence and increase their chance for survival whereas chemotherapy will not,” said researcher Mary L. Smith with the American College of Radiology. n

How Much Calcium Increasing calcium intake does not reduce the risk of fractures for most mature people, said a report in the medical journal BMJ. In fact, it can cause kidney stones, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal problems. Researchers in this study said the usual recommended amount of calcium in our diet is too high. That amount is 1,000 mg. daily for men ages 51-70 and 1,200 for women of that age. “The weight of evidence against

such mass medication of older people is now compelling, and it is surely time to reconsider these controversial recommendations,” said researcher Karl Michaelsson. But a report in the journal of Clinical Endocrinology said more calcium appears to increase the lifespan of women, though it might not help avoid fractures. n


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They Called Him The Lone Bandit

(Editor’s Note: Wyoming historian Margaret Laybourn wrote this story years ago.)

Hundreds of “Wanted” post-ers hung from every fence post in Green River, Wyoming, when in 1916 the wanted man, Bill Carl-isle, strolled out of a local hotel, had breakfast, and stopped at the barber shop for a shave. The reward was $5,000 dead or alive. Carlisle had robbed a Union Pacific train outside of Green River, jumped off the train, and returned to Green River on foot. In April the “lone bandit” made another hold-up, then went to Denver and attended some ball games. He planned his next train robbery even though he knew the trains had extra guards. He bought a ticket to Lara-mie and just outside of Hanna, he took two guns out of his suitcase

and shouted, “Hands up! This is a stick-up.” He jumped off the train just be-fore it entered a tunnel and hid out in the mountains for 18 hours be-fore a posse caught up with him. He had the drop on three riders but surrendered rather than shoot them. The Cheyenne jury deliberated only 30 minutes before returning a verdict of life imprisonment in the state penitentiary at Rawlins. Carlisle served three years as a model prisoner before “taking a leave of absence,” as he put it. He hid in a crate of shirts go-ing from the prison to Laramie, hopped a freight train to Rock River, bought a ticket on the Union Pacific, and again robbed the train.

The authorities trailed him for 30 days before they found him. As he walked down with his hands in the air, a deputy shot him. While lying in the prison hospital, Carlisle had a change of heart. A Catholic priest visited him, and they became friends. Carlisle served 16 years before being discharged. He went to Kemmerer, Wyoming, and was

hospitalized for a ruptured ap-pendix. While recuperating in the hospital, he heard piano music each night played by the female superintendent of the hospital, whom Carlisle later married. The couple moved to Laramie where Carlisle opened a gas sta-tion and tourist court named The Lone Bandit—and he became a productive citizen of the state. n

Computer Health Records Doctors sometimes have problems using computer health records, and that can cause problems for patients, said a report in the medical journal JAMA. A doctor might give a patient the wrong medicine, see the wrong lab test for a patient, or make other mistakes because the computer software was not properly tested by doctors. It’s another case of computer programs not being user

friendly. “There’s no explicit require-ment for user testers to have a clin-ical background,” said researcher R.M. Ratwani. In fact most of the electronic health records software surveyed in the study was not test-ed to see if it can be easily or ac-curately used by doctors. “From a patient’s perspective, this directly impacts us heavily,” said Ratwani. n

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What's Happening to Our River?By ProPublica News

and Senior VoiceThe Colorado River—the most important water source for 40 million people in the West—is draining. For a century, seven states en-gineered ways to wring ever more water from the river, defying all natural limitations. But now the very water laws and policies that shaped progress are rendering the West more vulnerable to drought and less fit to adapt to climate change. The seven Colorado River sta-tes (Arizona, California, Colora-do, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming) and Mexico divide up rights for 5.4 trillion gallons of river water each year—but that’s 1.4 trillion more than has actual-ly flowed through the river each year on average since 2005, and

500 billion gallons a year more than the river produced on avera-ge long before the drought. Engineers overestimated pro-duction in 1922 when states’ agreements and policies were established during a wet climate cycle.

California uses almost one-third of the river’s water. Farming and agriculture account for more than 70% of all water use in the states. Yet federal government subsidies encourage farmers to grow water-hogging crops like cotton.

In 30 years, the Las Vegas, Ne-vada, water district hasn’t rejected a single development proposal be-cause of water supplies, allowing thousands of homes to be built as the population has nearly tripled. If laws made it easier for far-mers to trade their water rights instead of wasting it or planting inefficient crops, some experts say large supplies could be shi-fted to help cities’ needs. Also federal, state and local governments could invest in new conservation technologies. Law-makers could rethink the West’s flawed “use it or lose it” water policy, and redistributing water rights could enable places to ad-dress modern priorities, say some experts. But other experts do not agree, and few have answers.

ProPublica News investigative reporters for this story: Abraham Lustgarten, David Slight, Amanda Zamora, Lauren Kirchner, and John Grimwade. For more information: http://www.propublica.org/series/killing-the-colorado. n

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About TelehealthBy Alex Smith - Kaiser Health News

At Mercy Hospital in St. Louis, just above the foot of the bed, what looks like a small TV screen lights up to show a smiling face with a headset on. “Good afternoon,” says a nurse with SafeWatch. “Just doing my afternoon rounds.” It’s part of the new telemedicine that will serve patients in rural parts of the U.S. Supporters say you can monitor patients’ heart, blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature, and other things on a 24/7 basis. Companies like SafeWatch say telemedicine can be high quality and cheaper than in-person care, and its use may explode with baby boomers who want to age at home instead of in a nursing facility. Industry analyst Sarah Turk of IBISWorld says that could propel telehealth to a $3.5 billion industry. “Coverage will be expanded to

include more physicians and more specialties and also a range of communications,” she said. But she said the telehealth boom still faces some big challenges. Many insurance companies have been slow to pay for telemedicine. Medicare only pays for it in rural or medically underserved areas and only when video conferencing is used. Dr. Ashish Jha of Harvard University said insurance companies have good reason to be skeptical. “It tends to be an addition. It leads to more tests. It leads to more follow-up visits.” In other words, more costs.________________Kaiser Health News is an independent news agency sponsored by the Kaiser Family Foundation. It is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente insurance. n

The Colorado near Hoover Dam. Photo by Raquel Baranow.


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COLORADO CROSSWORDS are created exclusively for The Voice by Tony Donovan, who lives in Loveland.

COLORADO CROSSWORDS by Tony Donovan

ACROSS1. Red Sox on the scoreboard4. Chicago superstation founded in 19487. Colts’ coach with a Colorado connection12. Ouray, for one13. Mt. Blanc is part of this range15. Spirit, gusto16. Turner or Williams17. Tackle box item18. Dark relative of ale20. Old Mineral County mining town now home to fine repertory theater 22. Mosquito borne disease24. Silver, for one?25. Descriptive of some older individuals26. Word before “Junction” and “Mountain” which celebrates a Ute chief28. DIA posting31. Rebuke from Caesar to Brutus34. Western Hemisphere federation founded in 1948 (abbr.)35. Debating points in an election, hopefully37. ________ of Tranquility (Lunar location)38. Robinson Crusoe dwelling39. “Special” or “photo” follower40. …”she loves me ________”41. Founder of Denver & Rio Grande Railway: Gen. William Jackson43. Filmdom’s ________ Scala (The Guns of Navarone)44. Sicilian spewer, Mt. ________45. Hudson Hornet was an old one46. This metal alloy is used to join metal pieces49. How things are stored in a “proper” home51. One of Dumas’ three 55. How some wedding gifts wind up57. “ ________ ________ as pie”58. Cicero, Churchill or Martin Luther King59. The wrong direction according to Horace Greeley61. Isle of ________ is located near the UK and Ireland62. Oral history63. Late evening, in advertising

64. Latin 101 word65. “Don’t ________ yourself.”66. Russian space station67. Blue, perhaps

DOWN1. Robert LeRoy Parker, as known to his friends2. Bent’s Old Fort county3. Jewish home ritual during Passover4. Jackson County town frequented by hunters & fishermen5. Word preceded by brand names Elmer’s or Gorilla6. Venue for “Car Talk” and “Wait! Wait! Don’t Tell Me!”7. ________Center, downtown Denver arena8. What big box stores say you’ll pay compared to other retailers9. Gemstones celebrated as birthstones for January10. Prefix meaning “against”11. Monster of nursery rhymes14. Conduits for handling heavy rains in urban areas19. Some RMNP inhabitants21. Jacob’s twin brother23. Music producer and musician Brian ________25. It might be a bale of hay at barn dance or rodeo27. Museum offering29. ________ Jemima (brand name)30. Terrier belonging to Nick and Nora Charles31. Monday Night Football airer32. Sympathy partner33. Softest mineral on earth35. Apple product36. Long, long time38. Weld County site near the Wyoming line39. Rags in a garage, often42. ________ Springs43. ________ Gate Canyon State Park44. Art Deco fashion designer46. French holy woman47. Bonnet or Parade48. See # 37 across50. ________ ________ Grows in Brooklyn52. Israel nemesis53. 9/11/2001 conspirator54. Religious panel or council 55. Trail Ridge ________56. Effrontery or insolence57. Wine section of Italy60. Point a gun

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First Teacher(Editor’s Note: Loveland resi-dent Fran Robison wrote about

Loveland’s pioneer women in her book “Addressing History.” This excerpt is from her story of Sarah

Milner Smith 1844-1939.) In the winter of 1864-65, the Milners arrived in the Big Thomp-son Valley. Soon after in 1866, Sarah became the first school teacher in the newly formed Lar-imer County School District. The first public school was held in a rough log building donated by David Notman and hauled down river to a spot on the south side of the Big Thompson River...Here she taught 18 students the first year; and four years later, ac-cording to her account, eight of her students completed their high school studies, and she “gradu-ated the first high school class in Larimer County.”

In 1870 Sarah Milner mar-ried Edward C. Smith and moved away. After the death of Edward, she moved back. She was a wid-ow with three small children to feed, clothe, and educate.________________Fran Robison’s book is available at the Loveland Museum-Gallery or email [email protected]. n

Sarah Milner. Photo Loveland Library.


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First People in Our Area

By P.J. Hunt The earliest Colorado and Wyoming history comes from ar-chaeologists, and our area is one of the most important archaeo-logical areas in America. The Dent site near Greeley and the Lindenmeier site near Fort Collins proved that stone-age people were in America thousands of years longer than historians had previously thought. More than 12,000 years ago, those people hunted mammoth and other animals here. Archae-ologists believe the people came from Asia across the Bering Strait to Alaska and migrated down the

Rocky Mountains and coast after the last Ice Age. The artifacts found at Dent and Lindenmeier are among the old-est found anywhere in America. In 1924, three Fort Collins men discovered artifacts on the Lin-denmeier Ranch north of town near the Wyoming border. Ar-chaeologists from the Smithson-ian Institution excavated the site from 1934 to 1940 and found many artifacts. In 1932, a railroad worker dis-covered the bones of mammoth along the South Platte River near Greeley at an old railroad station

called Dent. When archaeologists dug at the site, they found spear points with the animals. Through radiocarbon dating, archaeolo-gists were able to determine that the humans and mammoths had been in the area at the same time. That was a major discovery, proving that man had been in America when mammoth and other ancient animals were here. At the Powars site near Gree-ley, archaeologists found over 2,000 artifacts. At the Gordon Creek site north of Fort Collins, they found a woman buried over 9,000 years ago. The largest sites are at Mesa Verde National Park in southwest-ern Colorado. Those 1,000-year-old Anasazi cliff dwellings were discovered by prospectors in the mid 1800s and first photographed in 1874 by William Henry Jack-

son. This marked the beginning of serious archaeological study in Colorado. In 1888 some cowboys, the Wetherill brothers, displayed mummies and artifacts from Mesa Verde in Denver. A Swed-ish scholar, Gustaf Nordenski-old, happened to see the display in 1891 and hired the cowboys to excavate many of the artifacts at Mesa Verde. He took them to Eu-rope where he displayed them and gained fame and fortune. Those artifacts are in the Na-tional Museum of Helsinki, Fin-land. But many more were found during later excavations of Mesa Verde’s numerous other cliff dwellings. Our history goes back a long way. You might have a stone-age treasure deep in your back yard. n

Excavating the Lindenmeier site in the 1930s. Photo Ft. Collins Public Library.

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Bad Blood Pressure Tests Millions of people are using smart phone apps that are inaccu-rate for blood pressure tests, said researchers at Harvard Medical School.Ultrasounds They should not be used for unnecessary purposes like just seeing the baby because they might have negative effects, said researchers at Loyola University. And you should not use ultrasounds located at malls and stores, only those at accredited medical facilities.Weight Loss Researchers with Harvard Medical School say an FDA ap-proved drug, mirabegron, might help people lose weight. The drug is already used to treat an over-active bladder. Studies show that mirabegron improves “brown fat”

activity. Brown fat is a so-called good fat that causes the body to burn calories and consume glu-cose, said the report in the journal Cell Metabolism.Prostate Cancer A new test called “restriction spectrum imaging-MRI” might improve the standard prostate MRI and help determine whether a prostate tumor needs treatment or should just be watched, said a report in the journal Prostate Cancer by researchers at the University of California in San Diego.Hysterectomies Nearly 20% of those done in the U.S. are unnecessary, said a report in the American Journal of Obstetrics by researchers at the University of Michigan. Alter-natives that should be tried first include hormonal therapies and

endometrial ablation.Statins They help both women and men avoid heart attacks, said University of Sydney research-ers who studied the use of statins in 174,000 patients. “Far too few women realize they are at greater risk of dying from a heart attack than from breast cancer, and this study should reassure them that, if advised by their doctor, they can reduce that risk by taking a statin,” said Dr. Jordan Fulcher.Vitamin D It appears to help people avoid some cancers and also boosts immunity against infections, said researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston.Medication Errors Over half of the heart patients discharged from hospitals make mistakes taking their medicines

or misunderstand instructions given them, said a report in Mayo Clinic Proceedings by research-ers at Vanderbilt University and elsewhere. Also half of them fail to continue taking medicines that are prescribed.Abdominal Fat Lifting weights will help you lose it more effectively than running on a treadmill, said a report in the journal Obesity.Bedbugs Scientist Regine Gries at Simon Fraser University has found a way to use chemical attractions to trap the bugs, said a report in the chemistry journal Angewandte Chemie.■

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Breakthrough Drugs Many people are misled by the FDA term “breakthrough drug,” thinking it means something entirely new. But the term is often used for an older drug that has only minor changes. The FDA use just means the drug might warrant quicker approval, said a report in JAMA Internal Medicine. The term “may cause people to have unwarranted confidence

about these drugs, which could prevent people from making a fully informed decision about whether to take the drugs or not," said Carnegie Mellon University researcher Tamar Krishnaumurti. Other researchers like Dr. Joseph S. Ross and Dr. Rita F. Redberg said, “To protect patients from spurious hopes for miracle cures, Congress and the FDA should abandon terminology like ‘breakthrough.’” n


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Chief OurayBy David Halaas - Colorado Histori-

cal Society There was little in Chief Ouray’s childhood to prepare him for his later role as chief of the Colorado Utes. His early life was spent in the trading plazas of New Mexico. At ten, his Ute father and Apache mother left him in the care of a Spanish couple, who taught him Spanish and sent him to a mission school. Not until age 17 did he join his father’s people and acquaint himself with Ute ways. He was quick to learn, however, and soon became a highly acclaimed hunter and fighter. For chief, his people favored Nevava, the powerful head of the White River band. But the U.S. government passed over the Ute’s choice and selected Ouray, the 30-year-old multilingual leader of the Tabeguache Utes. The reaction was immediate and violent. On at least five occasions, Ouray was targeted for assassination by fellow tribesmen. And on as many occasions, he countered the attacks with a hail of bullets. None of his assailants survived. He told the white men, “My part is to protect my people and yours from violence and bring them into friendly relations.” For a quarter of a century, Ouray followed this course, staving off the white intruders by giving up land that was impossible to hold so that other Indian land could be saved.

Always he counseled his people to avoid violence, for he believed that a full-blown war could only result in the extinction of the Utes. His steadfast policy gained him both Indian and white enemies. Many whites saw him as an ob-structionist who stood against their plan to remove the Utes for-ever from Colorado. In the end—his body racked by fever and his mind tormented by thoughts of suicide—Ouray heard even his white friends join the re-frain, “The Utes must go.” Shortly after his death, his tribe was forcibly removed from the high valleys of western Colorado and relocated in the barren waste-lands of eastern Utah. n

Chief Ouray. Colorado Historical Society.

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Lines from famous baseball player Yogi Berra: “It ain’t over till it’s over.” “It’s deja vu all over again.” “Baseball is 90 percent mental. The other half is physical.” “When you come to a fork in the road, take it.” “I never said most of those things I said.” A member of the British Parliment said to Winston Churchill, “Must you fall asleep while I’m speaking?” “No,” said Churchill, “it’s voluntary.” An actress said to writer Ilka Chase, “Darling, I enjoyed reading your book. Who wrote it for you?” Chase answered, “I’m glad you liked it. Who read it to you?” An actress asked director Al-fred Hitchcock, “What is my best

side?” He replied, “You’re sitting on it.” A man and wife were good golfers and decided to celebrate their 40th wedding anniversary by going to St. Andrews in Scotland. One day after playing a few holes, the husband said, “Dear, there’s something that’s bothered me for many years. Once a long time ago, I had a brief affair with another woman.” “Did you love her?” said the wife. “No, it was a meaningless thing. I’ve always loved you.” “Well, then I forgive you,” she said. A few holes later, the wife said, “There’s something I should tell you, too. When I was age 16, long before we met, I had a sex change operation.” The man threw his club, yelled

and cussed furiously for five min-utes. Finally, the wife said, “I didn’t know that would bother you so much.” “It’s not the operation! It’s your beating me from the women’s tees all these years!” A company had computer problems on a weekend, and the boss called his technician at home. A small voice answered the phone in a whisper. “Is your daddy there?” asked the boss. “Yes,” said the child. “May I speak to him?” “No, he’s busy.” “Is your mommy there?” “Yes.” “May I speak with her?” “No, she’s busy.”

“Is anyone else there?” “Yes, the policemen and fire-men.” “Let me speak to the policemen or firemen.” “They’re busy.” “What are they doing?” The child giggled, “Looking for me.” It was a lot easier to get older than wiser. If all is not lost, where is it? It’s not hard to meet expenses. They’re everywhere. n

Laughter: Best Medicine

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T here comes a time when home isn’t just a place to come for the holidays.

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November 2015

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