Novel approaches to vaccine development at the Institute of Immunology - Development - Production - Introduction The Federal Medical-Biological Agency National Research Center Institute of Immunology Moscow, Russia Managua, Nicaragua, November 26-28, 2014
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Novel approaches to vaccine development
at the Institute of Immunology
Novel approaches to vaccine development
at the Institute of Immunology
- Development- Production
- Introduction
The Federal Medical-Biological Agency
National Research Center Institute of Immunology
Moscow, Russia
The Federal Medical-Biological Agency
National Research Center Institute of Immunology
Moscow, Russia
Managua, Nicaragua, November 26-28, 2014Managua, Nicaragua, November 26-28, 2014
ChallengesChallenges
• Newly emerged infections (HIV, Ebola)• Increasing of the old infections
(tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis)
• Newly emerged infections (HIV, Ebola)• Increasing of the old infections
(tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis)
Effective vaccine and vaccination represent the best way to control
socially significant diseases
Effective vaccine and vaccination represent the best way to control
socially significant diseases
RequirementsRequirements
• Safety• Efficiency• Specificity
• Safety• Efficiency• Specificity
Evolution of vaccines
• Traditional vaccines (whole virus/bacteria, live or attenuated)
• Split vaccines• Subunit vaccines• Vaccines based on recombinant
products (recombinant viruses, DNA vaccines, recombinant antigens)
Effective vaccine and vaccination:
traditional vaccines
Effective vaccine and vaccination:
traditional vaccines
attenuated or killed viruses/bacteria
Effective vaccine and vaccination:
traditional vaccines
Effective vaccine and vaccination:
traditional vaccines• side effects • the cases we cannot use attenuated or
killed virus due to safety reasons (HIV); • we cannot cultivate virus or the titers
are too low; • the production (manufacturing)
requires high safety standards.
• side effects • the cases we cannot use attenuated or
killed virus due to safety reasons (HIV); • we cannot cultivate virus or the titers
are too low; • the production (manufacturing)
requires high safety standards.
Evolution of vaccines
Split vaccines: parts of destroyed virus/bacteria
Subunit vaccines:purified antigens
Effective vaccine and vaccination:
new approach
Effective vaccine and vaccination:
new approach• Novel antigens: (recombinant viruses, DNA vaccines, recombinant antigens) Novel antigens: (recombinant viruses, DNA vaccines, recombinant antigens) • New adjuvantsNew adjuvants• New design to achieve improved efficiency and safety New design to achieve improved efficiency and safety
Ideal vaccine: safety, efficiency, specificity
• Low dose, standard antigen• Imrovement of immune memory – less
or no revaccination• Phenotypic correction of the immune
response• Effective vaccination of persons with
immunodeficiency
Ideal vaccine: safety, efficiency, specificity
(cont-d)• Management of the immune response• Therapeutic vaccination• Overcoming of the biological barriers• Antigen address delivery
New antigens (subunit, recombinant):
advantages and challengesAdvantages
• Production of sufficient amounts of highly purified standard antigens
• Safety
Challenges
• The level of the immune response
• Immunogenecity
Phenotypic correction of genetic controlof immune response
(immunization with T,G-A-L polyelectrolyte conjugate)
Phenotypic correction of genetic controlof immune response
(immunization with T,G-A-L polyelectrolyte conjugate)
NHNH CCOO
ппооллииааннииоонн
......
......
......
......
(Т,Г)-A-Л(Т,Г)-A-Л
120120
100100
8080
6060
4040
2020
CBACBA C57BLC57BLA
b t
iter
Ab
tit
er
no PEno PE + PE+ PE
Т-independence of immune responseto Ag-PE conjugate
Т-independence of immune responseto Ag-PE conjugate
120120
100100
8080
6060
4040
2020
44
33
22
11
nu/+nu/+ nu/+nu/+nu/nunu/nu nu/nunu/nu
BSA
BSA-PE
BGT
BGT-PE
140140
Ab
tit
er
New technology: polymer-subunit vaccines The use of synthetic water soluble adjuvant-
immunomodulator POLYOXIDONIUM
New technology: polymer-subunit vaccines The use of synthetic water soluble adjuvant-
immunomodulator POLYOXIDONIUM
ММ 60000 - 100000D
N N СН СН 2 2
О
N N СН СН 2 2
CН СООН2
Br+
_
n
Killing of extracellular
microbes
Mechanisms of polyoxidonium action to human immune system
Mechanisms of polyoxidonium action to human immune system