Novec 1230 ™ SYSTEM DESIGN 3M™ Novec 1230™ Fire Protection Fluid
Dec 27, 2015
Novec 1230™
SYSTEM DESIGN
3M™ Novec 1230™ Fire Protection Fluid
Design Concepts
•Total Flooding Fire Protection System– Must have an enclosure
– Agent mixes with atmosphere to protect
entire volume– No local application
– Agent mixing performed by nozzles
Design Concepts
•Enclosure Integrity
– Air leaks effectively sealed
– Door fan test is used to determine
whether or not integrity exists
– Procedure in Appendix C of NFPA 2001
– Must be performed on all new installations
Design Concepts
•Duration of Protection– “...(Extinguishing concentration) shall be
maintained for the specified period of time
to allow effective emergency action by
trained personnel.” -NFPA 2001, Section 5.6
– Hold time is typically 10 minutes, but not
standard– Refer to local AHJ
Design Concepts
•Discharge Time– Must be 10 seconds or less
– Rapid extinguishment reduces production of
by-products (HF)
– Per NFPA 2001 5.7.1.2.1
– Software will issue a warning for less
than 6 seconds
HAZARD SURVEY AND ANALYSIS
Perform Hazard Survey
•Define Hazard:
– Enclosure boundaries
– Enclosure integrity exists?
– Fuels
– Hazard type (Class A, B, C or D)
– MSDS for chemicals present
Required Data
– Dimensions
– Ambient Temperature Range
– Min. and Max.
– Occupancy Requirements
– Normally occupied?
Determine Novec 1230 Suitability
•Novec 1230 is suitable for:
– Class A: Fires in ordinary combustibles
– Class B: Flammable Liquid Fires
– Class C: Fires involving energized
electrical equipment
Determine Novec 1230 Suitability
•Novec 1230 is NOT suitable for use with:– Deep seated fire hazards
– Metal fires per NFPA 2001, par. 1.4.2.2
– Certain chemicals capable of rapid oxidation in
the absence of air: gunpowder,
– Reactive metals: sodium, magnesium, etc.
– Metal hydrides
– Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal
decomposition
Determine Novec 1230 Suitability
•Operating temperature range for Novec 1230 equipment is 32°F to 130°F
AGENT QUANTITY
Extinguishing Concentration
•NFPA 2001 5.4.2
– Class A extinguishing concentration
determined as part of witness testing
– UL 2166
– Class B extinguishing concentrations
determined by cup burner test
– Appendix B
Minimum Design Concentration
•NFPA 2001 5.4.2– Class A design concentration
– EC x 1.2
– Class B design concentration– MCB x 1.3
– Class C design concentration must be at least
that for Class A
– Manual-Only systems design concentration– EC x 1.3
Minimum Design Concentration
•Determined by Hazard Analysis:
– Class A Hazard: 4.2% (Minimum)
– Class C Hazard: At least that of Class A:
4.2%
– Manual-Only systems: 4.6%
Minimum Design Concentration
•Determined by Hazard Analysis:
– Class B Hazard:
– Reference list in manual or
call Kidde
Minimum Design Concentration•Class B Reference list
Minimum Design Concentration
•If multiple fuels and/or classifications are present, highest applicable concentration is used
Minimum Design Quantity (MDQ)
Equation
-or-
Table
•Dimensions taken during hazard analysis
•OK to subtract permanent volume reductions– Columns– Platforms
•Do NOT subtract for equipment and moveable objects!
Calculate Volume
Design Temperature
•To calculate agent quantity, use minimum expected ambient temperature
•Agent concentration is proportional to air temperature– Same quantity of agent will result in a low
concentration at low temperatures and a high concentration at high temperatures
MDQ Calculation Example
•Enclosure is 10 ft. W x 10 ft. L x 10 ft. H
•Min Ambient Temperature = 70°F
•Class A Surface Fire Hazard
MDQ Calculation Example
Volume = 1000 ft.3
s = 0.9856 + (0.002441 x 70°F) = 1.1565
W = (1000 ft.3 / 1.1565 ) x (4.2% / 100% - 4.2%) = 37.9 lb.
- or -Flooding Factor(4.2%, 70°F) = 0.0379 lb./ft.3
W = 1000 ft.3 x 0.0379 lb./ft. 3 = 37.9 lb.
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
Correct For Pressure Differentials
•Must correct if ±11% or more from normal
barometric pressure at sea level– Approximately ± 3000 feet from sea level
•Reference Table 5.5.3.3 in NFPA 2001
(also in manual)– Atmospheric correction
– Highly pressurized; keep dust out
– Highly depressurized; keep particles in
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
Minimum Design Concentration
vs. Adjusted Design Concentration•Minimum Design Concentration is the
minimum required per NFPA 2001
•Adjusted Design Concentration is the concentration used to calculate the quantity of agent in the cylinder– ADC >= MDC
AGENT STORAGE CONTAINER LOCATION
KIDDE
Agent Storage Container Location
•As close as possible to or within the protected enclosure– Per NFPA 2001
KIDDE
Agent Storage Container Location
•Floor loading
– Container weight plus
agent weight
KIDDE
Agent Storage Container Location
•Space requirements
– Single/Multiple cylinders
– Space for riser and attached controls
KIDDE
Agent Storage Container Location
•Accessibility– Cylinder(s) accessible
for maintenance
KIDDE
Agent Storage Container Location
•Storage temperature– Balanced or Single Hazard
Systems
= 32°F to130°F
– Unbalanced, Multi-Hazard
Systems
= 60°F to 80°F
KIDDE
Agent Storage Container Location
•Storage temperature– If necessary, build an enclosure
and control temperature
– Does not reflect hazard
temperature(s)
KIDDE
Agent Storage Container Location
•Classified areas– Explosion-proof equipment
needed/available?
Novec 1230™SERIES SYSTEMS
NOVEC 1230 Nozzles
•Two nozzle types– 180° Nozzle– 360° Nozzle
•Nozzle sizes– 3/8” through 2”– 1/4” offered - Non UL and FM
•All nozzles must be pendant (hanging down)
Wid
th (
W)
Length (L)
1/3 L 1/3 L 1/3 L
1/3 W
1/3 W
1/3 W
Acceptable 180 degree nozzle location
NOVEC 1230 Nozzles
•180° Nozzle– Placed 6” ± 2” from a wall
– Orifices aimed away from the wall
– 6 - 19” ± 2” from ceiling to orifices
– As close to center of the wall as possible– At least 1/3
– No corner placement
Wid
th (
W)
Length (L)
1/3 L 1/3 L 1/3 L
1/3 W
1/3 W
1/3 W
Acceptable 360 degree nozzle location
NOVEC 1230 Nozzles
•360° Nozzle– Discharges agent in a
360° pattern
– Placed as close to center
of hazard as possible
– 6” to 19” from ceiling to
orifices
Novec 1230 Discharge
•Discharged as both liquid and vapor
•When near obstructions, liquid will “splash”
– Will effect the mixing of agent in the space due to reduced momentum in discharge.
Min 6' Min 6'
Min 6'
Min 6'
Min 6'
Min 6'
Min 6'
NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations
•Proximity of nozzles to significant obstructions– 6 ft. of clearance between
nozzle and wall
(or significant obstruction)
– Additional agent can be
discharged to
compensate for “losses”
on obstructions
Min 10'
Min 10' Min 10'
Min 10'
NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations
•Proximity of multiple nozzles– At least 10 ft. of clearance between
nozzles
2' (Min 1')
Imaginary boundary
NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations
•Back-to-Back 180° Nozzles– 1 ft. to 2 ft. apart– Must face away from each other– Nozzles discharge equal quantities
NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations
•For smaller enclosures
– Recommend using 180 nozzles in order
to meet 6 ft. clearance
– Recommend placing 180 nozzles along
longest wall to allow maximum
clearance in all directions
d
d
NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Coverage
•Tested 35.6 ft. x 35.6 ft. Rectangle– (10.9 m x 10.9m)
•Actual coverage area defined as rectangle with diagonal, d
• 180°-d = 39.8 ft.(12.1m) 360°–d = 25.2 ft.(7.7 m)
NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Height
•Maximum height for single nozzle is 16 ft.
•Minimum height– 1 ft. for UL Listed systems
Max 16’
Max 16’
Nozzle Tiering
•Use two rows of nozzles to protect enclosures greater than 16 ft. high (note max elevation difference limit)
Quantity of Nozzles
•Not always dictated by coverage area
•Coverage volume 35.6 ft. x 35.6 ft. x 12
ft. requires 574 lb. of Novec 1230– Will not discharge out of a single nozzle
within 10 seconds!
•Rule of Thumb:– Approximately 200 lb. per nozzle
Novec 1230™Engineered System Limits
NOVEC 1230 Engineered Systems
•Hydraulic flow calculations used as basis of design– Allows for unbalanced systems
– Allows designer to use smaller pipe
– Use computer software to run flow
calculations
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees
•Tee Parameters:
– Tee Orientation
– Flow Splits
– Bull Tees
– Side Tees
– “10 Pipe Diameters”
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees
•Orientation
– 1 inlet
– May be horizontal or vertical (bull head tee
only)
– 2 outlets
– Both must be horizontal
IN
OUT OUT
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees
•Bull tee flow split
– Minimum imbalance: 50/50
– Maximum imbalance: 75/25
SIDE OUTLET(10 - 35)
INRUN OUTLET
(90 - 65)
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees
•Side tee flow split– Minimum imbalance: 65/35
– Maximum imbalance: 90/10
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees
•“10 Pipe Diameters” Rule:– Length of pipe between a tee and a
change in direction must be equal to 10 times the nominal diameter of the pipe– A change in direction is defined as either
an elbow or another tee
– Must be adhered to before and after the tee
– Only necessary if the tee feeds agent to
separate hazards
KIDDE KIDDE KIDDE
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout
•Keep network as simple, balancedand short as possible
•Consider structural members for hanging/bracing
•Avoid obstructions
Max 20’
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout
•Maximum allowable elevation difference in system piping (outlet and furthest horizontal pipe run/nozzle, or nozzles) is 20 ft.
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout
•Percent of Agent in Pipe
– Percentage of the available agent that is
required to fill the pipe network
– Maximum 100%
– Affected by agent quantity, pipe lengths
and pipe diameters
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout
•Percent of Agent Before 1st Tee is 2%
– Percentage of the available agent that is
required to fill the pipe network between
the cylinder outlet and the first tee
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout
•Arrival Time Imbalance– Difference in time between when the agent
reaches the first nozzle and when it reaches the last nozzle
– Max 1.0 seconds (Subject to change)
•Runout Time Imbalance– Similar to Arrival Time Imbalance, but refers to
when agent runs out at each nozzle
– Max 3.2 seconds (Subject to change)
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Pipe Sizes
•Pipe sizes are estimated by the software based on quantity of agent designated to each nozzle– Flow rate = lb. of Novec 1230 in branch /
10 seconds– Pipe estimating table in DIOM manual
(Table 3-6)
•Some manual changes may be required
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Pipe Sizes
•Pipe sizes 1/2” through 6” are listed/approved– Largest Nozzle Size is 2”
•Smaller than 1/2” is available in software, but not listed/approved– Smallest Nozzle Size is 3/8”
– 1/4” nozzle is available (Unapproved
systems only)
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Nozzles
•Minimum Nozzle Pressure– 91 psig (per UL 2166 Requalification)
NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Hydraulic Calculation
•Enter:– Enclosure info– Agent quantity– Agent Source– Pipe network
•Run Main Calculations
•Verify system acceptance
Hints, Tips and Other Considerations
Multiple Systems / Single Hazard
•If enclosure is large, consider using:– Multiple, modular NOVEC 1230 systems,
which will discharge simultaneously,
located throughout the hazard
– However - With 100% Agent in Pipe limit
- Novec flows well in complex pipe
networks.
Single System / Multiple Hazards
•If protecting more than four enclosures that are not connected, consider:
– Separate NOVEC 1230 systems
Agent Migration
• If protecting a single space with multiple nozzles, each nozzle should discharge the quantity of agent required by the nozzle’s design coverage area
– Maximum of 5% of the required agent may be discharged by a nozzle protecting an adjacent area
Designing for Multiple Hazards
•For more than one hazard, design with an adjusted concentration of 4.2% or higher
– Extra agent will make flow splits a lot
easier
– NOTE: Still use 4.2% as minimum
Tee Design Factor
•NFPA 2001 5-5.3.1– Starting from each hazard, count:
– Every tee within the hazard that splits to a
separate hazard
– Each tee between entry point to hazard and
the agent source (not including tees in a
manifold)– Reference Table 5-5.3.1 in NFPA 2001
for additional agent required
Tee Design Factor Example
Tee Design Factor Example
– Maximum tee count is 6
– From NFPA 2001, Table 5-5.3.1, a tee
count of 6 requires a 0.02 (2%) safety
factor