Nothing, which has happened to man in modern times has been more significant than the buying and selling of human beings out of Africa into America. W.E.B.

Nothing, which has happened to Nothing, which has happened to man in modern times has been man in modern times has been

more significant than the buying more significant than the buying and selling of human beings out of and selling of human beings out of

Africa into America.Africa into America.W.E.B. DuBoisW.E.B. DuBois

SlaverySlavery

► SlaverySlavery – – The state of The state of one forced to produce one forced to produce servitude towards an servitude towards an owner or a household. owner or a household.

► Slavery has occurred Slavery has occurred through out history through out history since the beginning of since the beginning of time.time.

► It is not fully known as It is not fully known as to how many to how many civilizations were civilizations were enslaved or captured.enslaved or captured.

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trans-Atlantic Slave TradeTrade

► By the 1430’s Africa By the 1430’s Africa became known for Gold.became known for Gold.

► The Portuguese had The Portuguese had begun their exploration begun their exploration to Africa and along the to Africa and along the Cape of Good Hope in Cape of Good Hope in search of Gold. search of Gold.

► The Portuguese created The Portuguese created settlements where they settlements where they established trading post established trading post along the coast.along the coast.

► Other Europeans Other Europeans explorers soon followed.explorers soon followed.

Before the European’s Before the European’s Came to AfricaCame to Africa

► The African people had The African people had a very rich and diverse a very rich and diverse life.life.

► They were skilled in They were skilled in farming, medicine, farming, medicine, mathematics, and mathematics, and astronomy. astronomy.

► They had a variety of They had a variety of their own culture, their own culture, language, political language, political system, and their own system, and their own beliefs.beliefs.

Reasons Behind the Slave Reasons Behind the Slave TradeTrade

► The demand for production of The demand for production of crops and trade.crops and trade. Africans and South Africans and South

Americans were use to the Americans were use to the tropical climate and could tropical climate and could help to produce more in help to produce more in those regions of the those regions of the Americas.Americas.

► The rapid expansion of The rapid expansion of agriculture in the Americas.agriculture in the Americas. North AmericaNorth America South AmericaSouth America Central AmericaCentral America

Where Did They Go?Where Did They Go?

► Africans were taken Africans were taken from four different from four different regions of Africa. regions of Africa. (Possibly More regions)(Possibly More regions)

► West, Central, South West, Central, South and North Africa.and North Africa.

► Africans from these Africans from these regions were traded in regions were traded in Europe, Caribbean, Europe, Caribbean, North America, and North America, and South America.South America.

Impact on AfricaImpact on Africa

► Africa suffered greatly from Africa suffered greatly from the transatlantic slavery.the transatlantic slavery. Families were torn apartFamilies were torn apart Villages lost their Villages lost their

strongest and brightest strongest and brightest men and women. Their men and women. Their future leaders of the future leaders of the village.village.

Food production and Food production and farming dropped due to farming dropped due to villages being raided villages being raided and members being and members being kidnapped. kidnapped.

Impact on AfricaImpact on Africa

►Wars between African Wars between African villages were breaking villages were breaking out because of fear, out because of fear, farmland, revenge.farmland, revenge.

► Racism was severely Racism was severely spread throughout the spread throughout the world. world. A belief of superiority A belief of superiority

of one to another of one to another based on color, gender, based on color, gender, religion, culture.religion, culture.

How Many Were Affected?How Many Were Affected?

► Although we do not have Although we do not have an exact number of just an exact number of just how many fell victim to the how many fell victim to the Transatlantic Slave Trade, it Transatlantic Slave Trade, it is believed to be close to is believed to be close to TEN Million.TEN Million.

► During the 16During the 16thth century century (1500’s) it is estimated the (1500’s) it is estimated the 5,000 people were traded.5,000 people were traded.

► By the 19By the 19thth century (1800’s) century (1800’s) it is estimated that over it is estimated that over 100,000 people were traded 100,000 people were traded across the Atlantic.across the Atlantic.

How Were the Slaves How Were the Slaves Captured?Captured?

► Many of the Africans or Many of the Africans or Native Americans that Native Americans that were captured were were captured were prisoners of a tribal war.prisoners of a tribal war.

► Debtors or criminals in the Debtors or criminals in the villages or tribe.villages or tribe.

► Villages were raided by the Villages were raided by the Europeans. Europeans.

► Villagers were caught in Villagers were caught in traps set by enemy tribes, traps set by enemy tribes, so that they could trade so that they could trade their capture for goods and their capture for goods and other items.other items.

How Were They Traded?How Were They Traded?

► All of the trading took place upon large ships. All of the trading took place upon large ships. ►Many Europeans would come to the port in Africa or Many Europeans would come to the port in Africa or

South America and gather/capture/kidnap as many South America and gather/capture/kidnap as many people as they could until a bigger longer trading people as they could until a bigger longer trading ship would come to port.ship would come to port.

► These ships would be built for that specific purposeThese ships would be built for that specific purpose The ship could hold as many as 500 people including The ship could hold as many as 500 people including

crew possibly more.crew possibly more. Slaves would be packed as tightly together as it was Slaves would be packed as tightly together as it was

possible. possible. Comfort was not an option.Comfort was not an option.

The captured were chained together by arm or leg and each one had a space of 4x4 area or 4x6 area, as well as a 2x4 area.

► The trip through the The trip through the Atlantic would take Atlantic would take about 3 to 5 months. about 3 to 5 months.

►Within that time about Within that time about half of those captured half of those captured would not survive to would not survive to see what lay ahead for see what lay ahead for them. them. They would die from:They would die from:

►Disease – smallpox, Disease – smallpox, dysenterydysentery

►starvationstarvation

Advantage to the Transatlantic Advantage to the Transatlantic Slave TradeSlave Trade

► From the transatlantic slave trade have grown vital and From the transatlantic slave trade have grown vital and important legacies to the culture of the twenty-first century important legacies to the culture of the twenty-first century Americas.Americas.

► For more than 400 years, Africans and their descendants For more than 400 years, Africans and their descendants contributed the labor that was key to the development of the contributed the labor that was key to the development of the Americas. Americas.

► Slaves labored on farms and plantations, creating wealth and Slaves labored on farms and plantations, creating wealth and power for their owners. power for their owners.

► They worked as skilled craftsmen, ironworkers, carpenters, They worked as skilled craftsmen, ironworkers, carpenters, dressmakers, cooks, and housekeepers. American economies dressmakers, cooks, and housekeepers. American economies and institutions thrived on their toil and ingenuity.and institutions thrived on their toil and ingenuity.

► The forced migration of millions of nameless Africans left a The forced migration of millions of nameless Africans left a permanent imprint on both the Old World and the New.permanent imprint on both the Old World and the New.

► When the time came to fight for freedom, these captives did When the time came to fight for freedom, these captives did so by the hundreds of thousands. The lessons learned from a so by the hundreds of thousands. The lessons learned from a people sustained by the hope of freedom remain a powerful people sustained by the hope of freedom remain a powerful legacy even today.legacy even today.

Work CitedWork Cited

►http://www.inmotionaame.org►http://www.metmuseum.org►http://www.mariner.org/http://www.mariner.org/

captivepassagecaptivepassage