NOTES Texas Revolution. 1. List in order the events that led to the Battle of Gonzales? 4. What was the outcome of the siege of San Antonio? 3. Why did.

NOTESTexas Revolution

1. List in order the events that led to the Battle of Gonzales?

4. What was the outcome of the siege of San Antonio?

3. Why did the Grass Fight take place and what was the result?

2. How did geographic factors such as landforms affect Texans preparing to lay siege to San Antonio?

- Gonzales cannon recalled - The Mexican army’s demand that the cannon be surrendered- Texans call for reinforcement The riverbank helped the Texans

Texas troops believed that a Mexican supply train was carrying silver, so they attacked the train. They found only grass for the horses.

Texans defeated the Mexican forces at San Antonio. Cos surrendered, and Mexican troops left Texas.

Battle of Gonzales,October 2, 1835

Causes

Effects

• Santa Anna’s failure to follow the Constitution of 1824• rising tensions between Texans and the Mexican government• demand that U.S. settlers at Gonzales hand over their cannon

• Texas rebel victory• started a war between Texas and the Mexican government from

which Texans could not turn back• increased the resolution and confidence of the Texas rebels

Early BattlesEarly BattlesBattle of GonzalesBattle of Gonzales

Date: October 2nd, 1835Major People involved: Texan/US Settlers and Mexican TroopsPurpose of Battle: Santa Anna’s failure to follow the constitution of 1824-Battle broke out when Texans refused to surrender their cannon to the Mexican forcesOutcome (who won): TexasEffects of battle: Texas rebel victory; starting point for the war; increase the confidence of the Texas Rebels

Early BattlesEarly BattlesCapture of Goliad

Date: October 10, 1835Major People involved: Martin perfecto de Cos, George Collinsworth, Ben MilamPurpose of Battle: Attack the Mexican garrison because there was fewer than 30 people thereOutcome (who won): TexansEffects of battle: After this victory more people joined the rebel army

Early BattlesEarly BattlesGrass Fight

Date: Date: Nov 26Nov 26Major People involved: Major People involved: Stephen F. Austin, Stephen F. Austin, Edward Burleson Edward Burleson Purpose of Battle: Purpose of Battle: Cut off supply routesCut off supply routes Outcome (who won): Outcome (who won): Although the Texans were Although the Texans were disappointed, some realized the siege worked.disappointed, some realized the siege worked.About the battle: About the battle: Rumor spread through the Rumor spread through the Texas camp that 100 Mexican soldiers were Texas camp that 100 Mexican soldiers were carrying silver. 100 infantry troops ambushed carrying silver. 100 infantry troops ambushed the Mexicans only to find bags of grass.the Mexicans only to find bags of grass.

Early BattlesEarly BattlesCapture/Battle of San AntonioCapture/Battle of San Antonio

Date: Date: December 4-5December 4-5Major People involved: Major People involved: Ben Milam, Francis W. Ben Milam, Francis W. Johnson Johnson Purpose of Battle: Purpose of Battle: Force the Mexican troops out Force the Mexican troops out of Texasof TexasOutcome (who won): Outcome (who won): Texans; Dec 10Texans; Dec 10thth the two the two sides agreed to Cos’s surrendersides agreed to Cos’s surrender Effects of battle: Effects of battle: By December 9By December 9thth the Mexican the Mexican forces had been pushed out of the center of San forces had been pushed out of the center of San Antonio, forcing Cos’s surrenderAntonio, forcing Cos’s surrender

Early Conflicts Early Conflicts of the Texas of the Texas Revolution, Revolution, 18351835

Consultation of 1835Consultation of 1835PRO WARPRO WAR

Wanted to declare Wanted to declare Texas Independence Texas Independence from Mexicofrom Mexico

PRO PEACEPRO PEACE

Wanted to remain loyal to Wanted to remain loyal to Mexico and wanted the Mexico and wanted the Const. of 1824 to be Const. of 1824 to be restored.restored.

Declaration of November 7, 1835Declaration of November 7, 1835

Pledged loyalty to Mexico, explained that Texans Pledged loyalty to Mexico, explained that Texans had used force only for defense and warned that if had used force only for defense and warned that if Mexico did not restore the Constitution… Texas Mexico did not restore the Constitution… Texas would declare independencewould declare independence

The Provisional The Provisional GovernmentGovernmentGovernor- Henry Smith

He was a member of the Pro War faction

Lieutenant Governor- James Robinson

Commander and Chief of

Army- Sam Houston

Three Commissioners: Stephen F Austin, William H

Wharton and Branch T Archer

Main Goals- Recruit volunteers and raise money

General Council:

1. Estabished a Military Navy to protect the Texas ports and waterways

2. Scheduled a Convention to be held on March 1, 1836

Overall, the Provisional Government was ineffective and had poor leadershipOverall, the Provisional Government was ineffective and had poor leadership

Battle of the AlamoBattle of the AlamoMain Players

Davy Crockett:Davy Crockett:- A US Congressman from Tennessee who came as a volunteer. - A US Congressman from Tennessee who came as a volunteer. Helped fight for and defend the Alamo. Lost his life in the battle.Helped fight for and defend the Alamo. Lost his life in the battle.

James Bowie:James Bowie:- Was sent by Sam Houston to destroy the Alamo but later helped to - Was sent by Sam Houston to destroy the Alamo but later helped to defend the old mission as the Commander of the Volunteer Militia. Lost his life in defend the old mission as the Commander of the Volunteer Militia. Lost his life in the battle.the battle.

William B Travis:William B Travis:- Was a leader of the forces who defended the Alamo. He wrote - Was a leader of the forces who defended the Alamo. He wrote the famous “To the People of Texas and All Americans in the World”- a plea for the famous “To the People of Texas and All Americans in the World”- a plea for aid and reinforcements as the Mexican Army was advancing.aid and reinforcements as the Mexican Army was advancing.

James Bonham:James Bonham:- A Volunteer from Alabama who also lost his life in the Alamo- - A Volunteer from Alabama who also lost his life in the Alamo- He left at one point to get help only to return for the Fall of the AlamoHe left at one point to get help only to return for the Fall of the Alamo

Susanna Dickenson:Susanna Dickenson:- A noncombatant who was spared by Santa Anna. She was - A noncombatant who was spared by Santa Anna. She was sent by Santa Anna with a message to Sam Houston regarding the future fate of sent by Santa Anna with a message to Sam Houston regarding the future fate of Texas.Texas.

Battle of the AlamoBattle of the AlamoBefore The Seige

How were the Texans prepared for the advancement of the Mexican Army?

- They built up the mission walls, placed cannons around the Alamo. Stocked up on food and weaponry…

Why protect “The Alamo”?- It was decided that the artillery and weapons housed in the Alamo were too valuable to destroy.

Battle of the AlamoBattle of the Alamo The Seige and the Fall

DateDate:: Feb. 23 –March 6, 1836 (13 days) Feb. 23 –March 6, 1836 (13 days)Major People InvolvedMajor People Involved:: TX--- William B. Travis, Davy TX--- William B. Travis, Davy

Crockett, James Bowie; MX --- Santa AnnaCrockett, James Bowie; MX --- Santa Anna• March 5March 5thth – Travis’ Line in the Sand incident – Travis’ Line in the Sand incident

involving Louis Rose leaving the Alamoinvolving Louis Rose leaving the Alamo• March 6March 6thth – final assault in the early morning hours – final assault in the early morning hoursOutcomeOutcome:: TX lost; Mexico won; all Texans killed (183 TX lost; Mexico won; all Texans killed (183

men); Santa Anna sends Susanna Dickinson to Sam men); Santa Anna sends Susanna Dickinson to Sam Houston with fate of Texans at the Alamo messageHouston with fate of Texans at the Alamo message

EffectsEffects:: Runaway Scrape begins; Sam Houston and Runaway Scrape begins; Sam Houston and TX army retreated eastward towards the US; TX army retreated eastward towards the US; determined to defeat Santa Anna; Battle cry: determined to defeat Santa Anna; Battle cry: Remember the Alamo! Remember the Alamo!

Convention of 1836Convention of 1836

@ Washington-on-the-Brazos@ Washington-on-the-BrazosPresident President (of the Convention)(of the Convention) : : Richard EllisRichard Ellis

Delegates:Delegates: Sam Houston, Sam Houston, Lorenzo de Zavala, Lorenzo de Zavala, George ChildressGeorge Childress

Results:Results:

• Created the Declaration of Created the Declaration of IndependenceIndependence

• Created the Constitution of Created the Constitution of 18361836

• Set up a Ad Interim Govt. Set up a Ad Interim Govt.

The Constitution of 1836The Constitution of 1836

• Legalized slavery in TexasLegalized slavery in Texas

• Based on the US Constitution and included Bill of Rights Based on the US Constitution and included Bill of Rights ( Freedom of Religion- Freedom of the Press- Freedom of Speech- Trial by Jury)( Freedom of Religion- Freedom of the Press- Freedom of Speech- Trial by Jury)

Ad Interim GovernmentAd Interim GovernmentDuring the Convention- a temporary government was assigned During the Convention- a temporary government was assigned until elections could be helduntil elections could be held

President:President: David G Burnet

Vice President:Vice President: Lorenzo de Zavala

Branches of GovernmentBranches of GovernmentLegislative-Legislative- create the laws and also known as create the laws and also known as the congressthe congress

Executive- Executive- enforces/carries out the laws and led enforces/carries out the laws and led by the Presidentby the President

Judicial-Judicial- provides a court system provides a court system

Later Battles/EventsLater Battles/Events

Capture of Santa Anna by William H Huddle

Date: March 11th Major People involved: Sam Houston and Texans Causes: • Sam Houston and others learn of the fall of the Alamo • A larger Mexican force is advancing on a smaller Texas force, • Houston orders forces to retreat and burn Gonzales. • Fear spreads across Texas and civilians flee

Runaway Scrape

Later Battles/EventsLater Battles/Events

Capture of Santa Anna by William H Huddle

Battle at Coleto CreekDate: March 19thMajor People involved: Gen. James Fannin (Texas), General Urrea (Mexico)Purpose of Battle: Texas troops stopped in a prairie and were surrounded by Mexican troops.Outcome (who won): Texans surrenderedEffects of battle: most Texas rebels were march back to Goliad; led to Goliad Massacre

Later Battles/EventsLater Battles/Events

Capture of Santa Anna by William H Huddle

Goliad Massacre

Date: March 27thMajor People involved: Fannin’s troops and soldiers captured outside of VictoriaPurpose of Battle: Mexican soldiers executed more than 400 Texans after the battle of Coleto Creek.Outcome Few Texans escapedEffects of battle: Francita Alavez (who was traveling with the Mexican Troops) helped some escape and is known as the Angel of Goliad

Later Battles/EventsLater Battles/Events

Capture of Santa Anna by William H Huddle

Battle of San Jacinto

Date: April 20th-21st

Major People involved: Santa Anna, Sam Houston, Mirabeau B. LamarPurpose of Battle: Independence; The Texans took the Mexican army by surpriseOutcome (who won): Texans- won their independenceEffects of battle: Texans- won their independence the battle Lasted 18 minutesCapture of Santa Anna- Treaty of Velasco