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NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA
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NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

Dec 18, 2015

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Page 1: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of

North Carolina, USA

Page 2: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

FLOODSFLOODS

Page 3: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

HAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDS

ELEMENTS OF RISKELEMENTS OF RISKELEMENTS OF RISKELEMENTS OF RISK

EXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSURE

VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY LOCATIONLOCATIONLOCATIONLOCATION

RISKRISKRISKRISK

Page 4: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’SCHINA’S

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

CHINA’SCHINA’S

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIESDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•HAZARDS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

GOAL: DISASTER GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

•PROTECTION•PEPAREDNESS•EARLY WARNING•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY

FIVE PILLARS OF FIVE PILLARS OF RESILIENCERESILIENCE

Page 5: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

FLOOD HAZARDS (AKA

POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS)

• Too much water inserted quickly in the regional drainage system to be accommodated normally within the water cycle

• Erosion

• Scour

• Mudflows

Page 6: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

LOSS OF FUNCTION OF STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN

FLOODSFLOODS

INUNDATION

INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS DAMAGE FROM WATER

WATER BORNE DISEASES (HEALTH PROBLEMS)

EROSION AND MUDFLOWS

CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER

CAUSES OF RISK

CAUSES OF RISK

CASE HISTORIESCASE HISTORIES

Page 7: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

DAMAGE DAMAGE INJURIESINJURIESDAMAGE DAMAGE INJURIESINJURIES

UNACCEPTABLE RISKUNACCEPTABLE RISKUNACCEPTABLE RISKUNACCEPTABLE RISK

COLLAPSE COLLAPSE DEATHSDEATHS

COLLAPSE COLLAPSE DEATHSDEATHS

LOSS OF LOSS OF FUNCTIONFUNCTIONLOSS OF LOSS OF FUNCTIONFUNCTION ECONOMIC LOSSECONOMIC LOSSECONOMIC LOSSECONOMIC LOSS

RISKRISKRISKRISK

Page 8: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

SOME OF CHINA’S NOTABLE FLOODS

Page 9: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

MAP OF CHINA’S PROVINCES

Page 10: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1887 YELLOW RIVER (HUANG HE) FLOODS

• 1887 YELLOW RIVER (HUANG HE) FLOODS

• DEATHS:

900,000–2,000,000

• DEATHS:

900,000–2,000,000

Page 11: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1935 YANGTZE RIVER FLOODS

• 1935 YANGTZE RIVER FLOODS

• DEATHS:

145,000• DEATHS:

145,000

Page 12: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1938 YELLOW RIVER (HUANG HE) FLOODS

• 1938 YELLOW RIVER (HUANG HE) FLOODS

• DEATHS:

500,000–700,000

• DEATHS:

500,000–700,000

Page 13: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1939 TIANJIN FLOODS

• 1939 TIANJIN FLOODS

• DEATHS:

30,000• DEATHS:

30,000

Page 14: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1954 YANGTZE RIVER FLOODS

• 1954 YANGTZE RIVER FLOODS

• DEATHS:

30,000 • DEATHS:

30,000

8

Page 15: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1975 FLOODS • 1975 FLOODS • DEATHS:

86,000 FROM FLOODING AND 145,000 FROM DISEASE

• DEATHS:

86,000 FROM FLOODING AND 145,000 FROM DISEASE

Page 16: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1980 SICHUAN, HUBEI, AND ANHUI FLOODS

• 1980 SICHUAN, HUBEI, AND ANHUI FLOODS

• DEATHS:

6,200• DEATHS:

6,200

Page 17: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1989 SICHUAN FLOODS

• 1989 SICHUAN FLOODS

• DEATHS: 3,814

• DEATHS: 3,814

Page 18: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 1998 YANGTZE FLOODS

• 1998 YANGTZE FLOODS

• DEATHS: 3,656

• DEATHS: 3,656

Page 19: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 2004 FLOODS IN CHINA

• 2004 FLOODS IN CHINA

• DEATHS: 1,029

• DEATHS: 1,029

Page 20: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 2005 FUJIAN, ANHUI, ZHEJIANG FLOODS

• 2005 FUJIAN, ANHUI, ZHEJIANG FLOODS

• DEATHS: 1,624

• DEATHS: 1,624

Page 21: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 2007 FLOODS • 2007 FLOODS • DEATHS: 1,348

• DEATHS: 1,348

Page 22: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 2010 FLOODS IN CHINA-NORTH K0REA

• 2010 FLOODS IN CHINA-NORTH K0REA

• DEATHS: 2,072

• DEATHS: 2,072

Page 23: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

CHINA’S NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS

• 2010 FLOODS IN CHINA-NORTH K0REA

• 2010 FLOODS IN CHINA-NORTH K0REA

• DEATHS: 2,072

• DEATHS: 2,072

Page 24: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BECOMING FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENT

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BECOMING FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENT

Page 25: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FLOOD RISK REDUCTION

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FLOOD RISK REDUCTION

• REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS

• MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES)

• RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING)

• REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS

• MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES)

• RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING)

• DATABASES • MAPS: 100-YEAR AND

500-YEAR FLOODS• FLOOD DISASTER

SCENARIOS• DRONE PLANES• HAZMAT

MANAGEMENT

• DATABASES • MAPS: 100-YEAR AND

500-YEAR FLOODS• FLOOD DISASTER

SCENARIOS• DRONE PLANES• HAZMAT

MANAGEMENT

Page 26: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

FLOOD RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES

FLOOD RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES

Page 27: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR FLOODS

RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR FLOODS

• PURPOSE

• PREVENTION

• PROTECTION

• LAND USE CONTROL

• PURPOSE

• PREVENTION

• PROTECTION

• LAND USE CONTROL

• TECHNIQUE

• WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

• FLOOD CONTROL (DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS)

• HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES)

• TECHNIQUE

• WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

• FLOOD CONTROL (DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS)

• HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES)

Page 28: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

THREE GORGES DAM: 2309 M LONG, 190 M HIGH, 15 M THICK

Page 29: NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

FLOOD GATES OPENED ON THREE GORGES DAM: JULY 22, 2007