Synthesis and Synthesis and Characterization Characterization of Rare Earth Nanomaterials and of Rare Earth Nanomaterials and their Biological and Photonic their Biological and Photonic Applications Applications Dhiraj Sardar Dhiraj Sardar Department of Physics Department of Physics University of Texas at San Antonio University of Texas at San Antonio March 10 and 11, 2011 March 10 and 11, 2011 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NSF - PREM - MRSEC
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. NSF - PREM - MRSEC. Synthesis and Characterization of Rare Earth Nanomaterials and their Biological and Photonic Applications Dhiraj Sardar Department of Physics University of Texas at San Antonio March 10 and 11, 2011. Outline. Introduction to Rare Earths - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Synthesis and Synthesis and Characterization of Rare Characterization of Rare Earth Nanomaterials and their Biological Earth Nanomaterials and their Biological
and Photonic Applicationsand Photonic Applications
Dhiraj SardarDhiraj SardarDepartment of PhysicsDepartment of Physics
University of Texas at San AntonioUniversity of Texas at San AntonioMarch 10 and 11, 2011March 10 and 11, 2011
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
NSF - PREM - MRSEC
Outline
• Introduction to Rare Earths• Methods • Important Facilities • Results – Theoretical and Experimental• Potential Applications• UTSA Physics Department -PREM• PREM Students• PREM Publications and Acknowledgements
Introduction to Rare Earths
Electronic Configuration (RE3+) : Incomplete inner 4fN orbital : [Xe]4fN5s25p6(N=113)
Optical Properties : Strong absorption and fluorescence : Wide range of excitation and emission (UV-VIS-IR)
Applications : Lasers, Display, Sensor, Therapy, Biomedical imaging, etc.
Energy levels of trivalent rare earths (RE3+ )
Electron charge distribution in different orbitals for RE ions showing the shielding of 4f electrons by outer 5s and 5p electrons
What is so Unique about RE (NdWhat is so Unique about RE (Nd3+3+) for Biomedical ) for Biomedical Applications?Applications?
Large Stoke’s shift (~500nm)& strong emission
Multi-frequency absorption & emission
Long fluorescence lifetimes Optical properties
“independent” of size Nontoxic
Wavelength (nm)
500 600 700 1000 1100
Inte
nsity
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2absorption emission
Imaging Application of RE Nanoparticles
Present technology: Organic Dyes and Quantum DotsAdvantages-Highly FluorescentDisadvantages-UV excitation causes autofluorescence, reducing S/N ratio -Size tunability is needed for quantum dots for proper excitation -Toxicity of the composition, Photobleaching
Color tunable Q dots
Autofluorescence After background subtraction
Future technology: Rare Earth-doped Nanoparticles Advantages-Highly Fluorescent, wide range of excitation and emission (UV-IR), no autofluorescence, nontoxic, no size requirement, no photobleaching
Confocal image of the 980 nm excited Emissions (550 and 670 nm) from
Yb,Er:CaF2 Nanoparticles
a b
(a) Live cell (mouse fibroblast) image with green upconversion under 980 nm Exc.
(b) Cell autofluorescence under UV Exc.
Photodynamic Therapy with IR Upconversion(IPDT)
Advantages: IR Upcoversion, 5 times penetration depth compared to Current UV-X PDT
• Advanced Engineering and Technology (AET) Building ($82.5M; December 2009)
– Physics Department occupies the 3rd floor (over 14,000 sq. ft. of lab space)
– $11.2M spent by UTSA to Renovate Physics Research Laboratories
• Thin Films Laboratory (AET)– ALD, Laser Deposition
• Biophotonics Research and Imaging Laboratory (AET)
• Synthesis Labs (AET)– Nanomaterials– Nanophotonics and Laser Materials
Tenure-track facultyTotal: 13; PREM: 76 Minority; 3 Women2 Hispanic Women 1 African American Woman
UTSA PREM ResearchersUTSA PREM Researchers
• Dr. Jianhui Yang (2010)
• Dr. Ajith Kumar (2011)
• Erik Enrique
• Joseph Barrios
• Edward Khachatryan
• Robert C. Dennis
• Brian Yust
• Leland Page
• Kenneth Ramsey
• Madhab Pokrhel
• Nathan Ray
• Francisco Pedraza
• Devraj Sandhu
• Jesse Salas
• Hector Barron-Escobar
• Marcus Najera
• Gilberto Cassilas Garcia
• Zurab Kereselidze
Published or in Press:• Chandra, S.*, Francis Leonard Deepak, J. B. Gruber, and D. K. Sardar, “Synthesis, Morphology, and Optical Characterization of Er3+:Y2O3”, J. Chem.
Physics C, 114, 874-880 (2010). • Burdick, G. W., J. B. Gruber, K. L. Nash, and D. K. Sardar, “Analyses of 4f11 Energy Levels and Transition Intensities Between Stark Levels of Er3+ in
Y3Al5O12”, Spectroscopy Letters: 43, 406-422 (2010). • Gruber, J. B., G. W. Burdick, S. Chandra*, and D. K. Sardar, “Analyses of the Ultraviolet Spectra of Er3+ in Er2O3 and Er3+ in Y2O3”, J. Appl. Phys., 108,
023109: 1-7 (2010).• Chandra, S.*, J. B. Gruber, G. W. Burdick, and D. K. Sardar, “Material Fabrication and Crystal-Field Analysis of the Energy Levels in Er3+ doped Er2O3
and Y2O3 Nanoparticles Suspended in Polymethyl Methacrylate”, J. Appl. Pol. Sci. (in Press) (2011).• Yang, J. and D. K. Sardar, “One-Pot Synthesis of Coral-Shaped Gold Nanostructures for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering”, J. Nano Res. (in Press)
(2011).• Yang, J., R. C. Dennis*, and D. K. Sardar, “Room-Temperature Synthesis of Flowerlike Ag Nanostructures Consisting of Single Ag Nanoplates”, Mater.
Res. Bull. (in Press) (2010).• B. Yust*, D. K. Sardar, and A. T. Tsin, "Phase conjugating nanomirrors: utilizing optical phase conjugation for imaging", SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 7908 (In
Press) (2011).
• Francis Leonard Deepak, Rodrigo Esparza, Belsay Borges, X. Lopez-Lozano, Miguel Jose Yacaman, Rippled and Helical MoS2 Nanowire catalysts – An aberration corrected STEM study. Catalysis Letters, In Press, 2011.
• Page, L*, Maswadi, S, Glickman, RD, “Optoacoustic Spectroscopic Imaging of Radiolucent Foreign Bodies”, in Medical Imaging 2010: Ultrasonic Imaging, Tomography, and Therapy, D'hooge, J; McAleavey, SA, Eds., Proc. SPIE, Vol. 7629, pp 7629OE-1 – 7629OE-7, 2010.
• Maswadi*, S, Glickman, RD, Elliott, WR, Barsalou N,. “Nano-Lisa for In Vitro Diagnostic Applications”, in Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2011, Oraevsky AA, Wang LV, Eds, Proc. SPIE, Vol. 7899, in Press, 2011.
• Page, L*, Maswadi, S, Glickman, RD, “Identification of Radiolucent Foreign Bodies in Tissue Using Optoacoustic Spectroscopic Imaging”, in Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2011, Oraevsky AA, Wang LV, Eds., Proc. SPIE, Vol. 7899, in Press, 2011.
• Francis Leonard Deepak, G. Casillas-Garcia*, H. Barron*, R. Esparza and M. Jose-Yacaman, New Insights into the structure of Pd-Au nanoparticles as revealed by aberration-corrected STEM”, in Press, 2011
• V. H. Romero, W. Egido, Z. Kereselidze*, C. M. Valdez, .E. Michaelides, X. G. Peralta, M. Jose-Yacaman, F. Santamaria. Neurons preferentially internalize goldnanostars with strong and precise photothermal properties. Submitted to Nanomedicine NBM, 2011.
• X. G. Peralta, “Plasmon modes for terahertz detection: Terahertz Plasmon modes in grating coupled double quantum well field effect transistors”, released by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing (2010-08-30) - ISBN-13 : 978-3-8383-9371-1 (2010).
• Wilmink, G. J., Rivest, B. D., Roth, C. C., Ibey, B. L., Payne, J. A., Cundin, L. X., Grundt, J. E., Peralta, X., Mixon, D. G. and Roach, W. P. , “In vitro investigation of the biological effects associated with human dermal fibroblasts exposed to 2.52 THz radiation”. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, n/a. doi: 10.1002/lsm.20960, 2011.
• J. Antunez-Garcia, S. Mejia-Rosales, E. Perez-Tijerina, J. M. Montejano-Carrizales and M. Jose –Yacaman. “Coallescence and collision of gold nanoparticles”. Materials, 4: 368-379, doi:10.3390/ma4020368, 2011.
16 Published, 4 other papers submitted, and 11 more under preparation
All Publications Acknowledge NSF-PREM Support: Grant No. DMR-0934218