North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Final Project Number: 38254

May 2009

India: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)—Gokak CMC Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation For the Government of Karnataka North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation, Government of Karnataka

North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

Package II – Belgaum Tranche II Sub-Projects in Gokak CMC

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

May 2009

Span Consultants Private Limited

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Gokak CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

KUIDFC SPAN

ACRONYMS

ADB : Asian Development Bank

ASI : Archeological Survey of India

ASP : Activated Sludge Process

BM : Bituminous Macadam

CMC : City Municipal Council

DI : Ductile Iron

DoEEF : Department of Ecology, Environment and Forests

EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP : Environmental Management Plan

FAL : Facultative Aerated Lagoon

GI : Galvanized Iron

GoI : Government of India

GoK : Government of Karnataka

HH : Households

IA : Implementing Agency

IEE : Initial Environmental Examination

KSPCB : Karnataka State Pollution Control Board

KUIDFC : Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Financial Corporation

KUWS&DB : Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Drainage Board

MLD : Million Litre per Day

MoEF : Ministry of Environment and Forests

MSL : Mean Sea Level

MSS : Mix Seal Surface

NKUSIP : North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

NOC : No Objection Certificate

NOx : Oxides of Nitrogen

OM : Operations Manual

O&M : Operation and Maintenance

PC : Program consultant

PMU : Program Monitoring Unit

PWD : Public Works Department

SS : Suspended solids

STP : Sewage Treatment Plant

UGD : Underground Drainage

WHO : World Health Organization

WRDO : Water Resource Development Organization


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CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Overview .................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance ..................................................................... 4 1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination .......................................................... 5 1.4 Scope of IEE study..................................................................................................... 6 1.5 Report Structure ......................................................................................................... 6

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS ....................... 7 2.1 Goal of NKUSIP Investment Program ...................................................................... 7 2.2 Investment program Components .............................................................................. 7 2.3 Project Location ......................................................................................................... 7 2.4 Type of Project ......................................................................................................... 10 2.5 Need for the Project ................................................................................................. 10 2.6 Existing condition of Program components in Gokak CMC ................................... 11

2.6.1 Water Supply system ....................................................................................... 11 2.6.2 Slums-Existing infrastructure facilities............................................................ 13

2.7 Proposed Improvements for Gokak CMC ............................................................... 17 2.7.1 Water Supply System ....................................................................................... 17 2.7.2 Slum Improvement........................................................................................... 19

2.8 Proposed schedule for implementation .................................................................... 19 2.9 Investment Program Alternatives ............................................................................ 20 2.10 Investment Program Benefits ................................................................................... 20

3. ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................ 22 3.1 Physical Resources................................................................................................... 22

3.1.1 Topography and Soils ...................................................................................... 22 3.1.2 Atmosphere ...................................................................................................... 22 3.1.3 Surface Water and Ground Water .................................................................... 23 3.1.4 Geology and Seismology ................................................................................. 23

3.2 Ecological Resources ............................................................................................... 23 3.3 Economic Development ........................................................................................... 23

3.3.1 Industries .......................................................................................................... 23 3.4 Social and Cultural Resources ................................................................................. 24

3.4.1 Population and Communities ........................................................................... 24 3.4.2 Health facilities ................................................................................................ 24 3.4.3 Education facilities ........................................................................................... 24 3.4.4 Socio-economic conditions .............................................................................. 24 3.4.5 Land use pattern ............................................................................................... 25 3.4.6 Physical or Cultural heritage ............................................................................ 26 3.4.7 Significant Structures or sites – (Historical/Archaeological/Paleontological/ Architechtural sites) ......................................................................................................... 26

3.5 Environmental Settings for Program Components – Water supply and Slum-Improvement ........................................................................................................................ 26

4. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................................................................................................ 27

4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 27 4.2 Location Impacts .................................................................................................... 27 4.3 Design Impacts........................................................................................................ 27 4.4 Construction Impacts .............................................................................................. 28 4.5 Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Impacts ....................................................... 28 4.6 Screening of potential environmental impacts ......................................................... 28


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5. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLANS ..................................................................................................................................... 44

5.1 Institutional Requirements ....................................................................................... 44 5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plans ............................................................................. 49

6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION & INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ................................. 61 7. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................................... 64

7.1 Findings.................................................................................................................... 64 7.2 Recommendations .................................................................................................... 64

8. CONCLUSIONS.............................................................................................................. 65 List of Tables

Table 1.1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components .......................... 5 Table 2.1: Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka ............................................................ 10 Table 2.2: Sub-project components under Tranche 2 .............................................................. 11 Table 2.3: Salient Features of existing water supply system ................................................... 13 Table 2.4: Present Installed Capacity and Production of Water .............................................. 13 Table 2.5: Slums in Gokak City ............................................................................................... 14 Table 2.6:Existing Water Supply Position ............................................................................... 16 Table 2.7: Existing Community Toilets ................................................................................... 16 Table 2.8: Water Supply Zones in Gokak CMC ...................................................................... 17 Table 2.9: Investment Program Alternatives ........................................................................... 20 Table 3.1: Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population as per 2001 census .................. 24 Table 3.2: Existing Land Use ................................................................................................... 25 Table 3.3: Land use in Gokak CMC ........................................................................................ 26 Table 4.1: Screening of potential environmental impacts ....................................................... 28 Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Water Supply Rehabilitation

in Gokak city and proposed Slums .................................................................................. 29 Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Sewerage system in proposed

Slums................................................................................................................................ 35 Table 4.4: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Drainage Up-gradation in

proposed Slums ................................................................................................................ 40 Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities.................................................................. 47 Table 5.2: Training Requirements (2009-2016) ...................................................................... 48 Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Supply Rehabilitation in Gokak City

and proposed Slums ......................................................................................................... 50 Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage system component in proposed

Slums................................................................................................................................ 53 Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for urban drainage up-gradation in proposed

Slums................................................................................................................................ 57 Table 5.6: Occupational Health Risks and Safety Plan for workers ........................................ 58 Table 5.7: Annual environmental cost estimate (2009) ........................................................... 60 Table 6.1: Details of Public consultation for the NKUSIP components in Gokak ULB ......... 61 Table 6.2: Queries and Responses during Public consultation ................................................ 62


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List of Maps Map 2.1: India, Karnataka State and Belgaum District ............................................................. 8 Map 2.2: Ward Boundary of Gokak ULB ................................................................................. 9 Map 2.3: Water supply proposal .............................................................................................. 18 List of Figures Fig. 2.1: City municipal Council, Gokak ................................................................................... 9 Fig. 2.2: Ghataprabha River Water Supply Source .................................................................. 12 Fig. 2.3: Existing Water Treatment Plant at Gokak City ......................................................... 12 Fig. 2.4: Harijankeri Slum ....................................................................................................... 15 Fig. 2.5: Ashrayanagar Slum (Hudco colony) ......................................................................... 15 Fig. 5.1: NKUSIP Implementing Organization Hierarchy ...................................................... 45 Fig. 6.1: Public Consultation ................................................................................................... 62 Appendices Appendix 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist – Water Supply


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

1. The Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure

Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka

urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank

(ADB) assistance. Seven ULBs have been considered for the Package II – Belgaum

under NKUSIP. They include Belgaum, Gokak, Nippani, Badami, Ilkal, Jamkhandi and

Rabkavi-Banahatti ULBs. The poor infrastructure facilities and services such as water

supply, sewerage and sanitation, storm water drainage, solid waste management and

risk of infectious diseases in the project area forces NKUSIP to select Gokak ULB for

improvement. The primary objective of NKUSIP is to promote economic development

in North Karnataka through urban infrastructure provision, focusing on the

improvement of environmental sanitation and public health through equitable

distribution of urban basic services that are environmentally sound and operationally

sustainable. This will also enhances the quality life of people.

2. The aim of Investment Program is to improve the environmental condition of urban

areas. However, the proposed improvements of infrastructure facilities may exert

certain adverse impacts on the natural environment during construction and Operation

stages. Impacts during the construction stage are expected to be more severe than

impacts during the operation phase, though for a short duration. However, the provision

of sewage treatment plant may exert adverse impacts during the operation phase also, if

due care is not taken. Most of the impacts are activity-specific. Nevertheless, if due care

is taken during the construction phase, negative impacts due to investment Program will

be far outweighed by positive impacts.

1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance

3. The environmental regulations and mandatory requirement for sub-components

proposed for Gokak city are indicated in Table 1.1. The table indicates that as far as GoI

and GoK Acts/Guidelines are concerned, the proposed Investment Programs do not

need to go thorough environmental assessment process; however, as specified below,

few sub-project components may require consent from Competent Authorities.


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Table 1.1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components Sector Sub-

componentApplicability of Act/Guidelines

Compliance Criteria

Sewerage and

Sanitation

Sewage

Treatment

Plant

The Water (Prevention &

Control of Pollution) Act,

1974 & 1978

Consent for Establishment

(CFE) and Consent for

Operation (CFO) from

KSPCB (required only for

STP)

All Sectors

(Water Supply

rehabilitation,

urban drainage,

urban roads, slum

up-gradation,

non-municipal

components-fire

services, etc.)

All Sub-

components

The Environmental Policy

and Operations Manual

(OM) 20: Environmental

Considerations in ADB

Operation.

Environmental Assessment

Guidelines, 2003

Categorization of sub-

project component into A,

B or C and developing

required level of

environmental assessment

for each component.

4. According to ADB guidelines (2003), environmental assessment of a proposed project is

at the initial/preparatory stages of Investment Program. As per the ADB Guidelines, the

proposed project components are categorized into A, B or C category projects to

establish the level of environmental assessment needed to address potential

environmental impacts. It is understood from the IEE study that there are no significant

potential environmental impacts from the proposed Investment Program. Therefore, an

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is not required for this development project

(Category A is ruled out). However, the study reveals that there are less significant

impacts of the project on the environment and are of short duration. Therefore, only

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is required (Category B is considered).

Category ‘C’ is not applicable since IEE is required for the program components.

Hence, IEE has been carried out with identification of potential impacts and necessary

feasible mitigation measures with due importance given for sustainable environment.

1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination

5. The purpose of IEE in the urban improvement program sub-projects is to fulfill the

ADB’s environmental assessment requirement for sector loans. Owing to the scale and

nature of the proposed infrastructure components and environmental profile of the


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NKUSIP sub-project towns, almost all Investment Program components are unlikely to

have adverse environmental impacts. Therefore, as per the ADB’s Environmental

Assessment Guidelines, the subproject components proposed in Gokak city under

NKUSIP are categorized as ‘B’ and accordingly, initial environmental examination

(IEE) has been carried out.

1.4 Scope of IEE study

6. The IEE is one of the effective tools in the development project to implement the

required development activities in an eco-friendly mode. The IEE report has been

prepared based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance

surveys; no field environmental monitoring survey was conducted. Stakeholder

consultation was an integral part of the IEE.

1.5 Report Structure

7. This Report is framed with 8 Sections including this Introduction Chapter:

1. Introduction

2. Project Description

3. Environmental Description

4. Screening of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

5. Institutional requirements and Environmental Monitoring Plans

6. Public consultation and Information Disclosure

7. Findings and Recommendations

8. Conclusions


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2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS

2.1 Goal of NKUSIP Investment Program

8. The lack/inadequacy of certain basic facilities along with poor quality of environment

and life in northern part of Karnataka has forced North Karnataka Urban Sector

Investment Program (NKUSIP) to be initiated. The developmental goal of NKUSIP is

to provide financial assistance to ULBs for necessary basic facilities in Municipal

Corporations and to facilitate economic growth in the surrounding areas. The goal of

the NKUSIP is to enhance economic condition in ULBs through proper distribution of

urban basic services that are eco-friendly, techno-feasible and operation sustainable.

2.2 Investment program Components

9. The goal of the NKUSIP is to enhance economic condition in ULBs through proper

distribution of urban basic services that are eco-friendly, techno-feasible and operation

sustainable. The Investment Program Components are listed below:

i. Water supply

ii. Sewerage and Sanitation

iii. Storm water drainage (Drainage Up-gradation)

iv. Urban roads

v. Poverty Alleviation (Slum infrastructure improvement)

vi. Non-municipal infrastructure – Fire services, Lake Development and Tourism

2.3 Project Location

10. Gokak is considered as the second biggest urban center in Belgaum District next to

Belgaum Urban Agglomeration and a taluka head quarter of Gokak taluk. Gokak city

spreads over an area of 32.05 Sq. km lying in 160 10’ N Latitude and 740 53’ E

Longitude at an altitude of nearly 549 m above MSL.

11. Gokak City is located 65 km from Belgaum headquarters towards northeastern

direction. Presently it is considered as a Grade-II municipality. The Gokak taluka is in

northwest of Karnataka State. It is bound by Bagalkot district on east; Hukkeri taluka on

west; Bailhongal, Savadatti and Ramdurg talukas on south; and Raibag and Chikkodi

talukas on north direction (Map 2.1 and Map 2.2).


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KARNATAKA INDIA

BELGAUM DISTRICT MAP

Map 2.1: India, Karnataka State and Belgaum District


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12. Gokak is located along the Sankeshwar and Yaragatti State highway; and Miraj and

Londa railway line is located at 12 km from the city (Fig. 2.1). The Ghataprapha River

flows along the northern boundary of this city. The Markandeya River flows along the

Western boundary of this city and joins Ghataprabha River.

Fig. 2.1: City municipal Council, Gokak

Map 2.2: Ward Boundary of Gokak ULB


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2.4 Type of Project

13. The Project has been classified as service delivery typed project in which the project

improves health and quality of life of the people living in the project towns by

facilitating basic infrastructure facilities such as water supply, underground drainage

(UGD) facility and urban drainage.

2.5 Need for the Project

14. Insufficient basic facilities and demand for the same due to increased population year

by year and lack of proper technological systems in Gokak CMC have resulted in

environmental pollution, poor sanitation and public health problems such as water

borne diseases and other associated health risks. This condition demands for the

proposed Investment Program component in Gokak ULB. As per the State of

Environment Report (SOER), Dept. of Forest, Ecology & Environment, GoK, 2003,

health risks are associated with the lack of safe water supply and sanitation facilities.

The Table 2.1 presents the health status in Karnataka.

Table 2.1: Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka Year Gastroenteritis Cholera Leptospirosis Viral Hepatitis Typhoid

Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal

1991 17455 691 747 16 -- -- 659 17 -- --

1992 15262 608 402 14 -- -- 282 17 -- --

1993 16206 855 424 13 -- -- 678 07 26047 01

1994 15932 325 304 10 -- -- 382 00 20349 00

1995 18645 396 532 38 -- -- 7146 01 10250 00

1996 22983 377 657 06 -- -- 1332 06 22221 12

1997 23665 361 714 10 67 02 1714 04 3880 05

1998 23881 501 434 02 01 00 3824 02 2435 00

1999 17743 126 134 03 54 02 4792 02 24356 01

2000 31132 265 354 03 03 01 3011 10 27210 00

2001 23893 198 342 01 68 07 5438 28 33346 06

2002 25218 146 384 00 27 00 4578 15 42936 02

Source: SOER, 2003

15. The Gokak ULB specific components are as follows:

i) Water Supply

ii) Sewerage and Sanitation

iii) Urban Drainage (Storm Water Drainage)


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iv) Urban Roads

v) Non-Municipal Infrastructure (Fire Services)

16. Out of the above components, those considered under Tranche 2 are given below:

Table 2.2: Sub-project components under Tranche 2 Infrastructure Description Location

Components to be built under Tranche 2 Water supply system Rehabilitation and laying of

distribution lines Gokak town

Slum Improvement

Water supply rehabilitation Sewerage and sanitation-UGD and Community toilets Urban drainage Urban roads Street lights

Declared slum- Harijankeri and Hudco Colony

17. The structural components lie in the city area and most of distribution lines of the

proposed project pass along the existing road tracks. The system uses the surface water

through pumping. There is no forest existing at source and along the distribution line:

As a whole, the project does not fall in any restricted areas, wildlife national parks, and

any other places where the law of the land prohibits any construction activities. In

addition, the scale of human settlement or human lives affected because of project

activities is quite insignificant.

2.6 Existing condition of Program components in Gokak CMC

2.6.1 Water Supply system

18. The sub project is designed to provide drinking water facilities to the communities of

Gokak Municipality. Surface water source of the city is Ghataprabha River. The raw

water from Ghataprabha River is tapped through Intake well constructed at the

Riverbed and conveyed through pipeline to Jack well and pumped to Water treatment

plant through two pipelines. One 300 mm diameter cast iron pipeline and the other 457

mm diameter MS pipelines, both laid for a length of 320 m & 350m respectively. 1

MGD (4.54 MLD) treatment plant is located in Sangam Nagar on the slope of the

Hillock. The water is treated in Water Treatment Plant. The treated water is collected in

storage reservoirs. Then, water is distributed through a network of pipes to consumers.

Quantity of present water supply is 8.0 MLD. In addition, local ground water sources

(bore wells fitted with power pumps and hand pumps) are being used and yield is about

0.04 MLD. The water is supplied to the city through the 5.29 ML storage reservoirs.


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Total quantity of water supply is 8.0 MLD. Per capita supply in both normal and rainy

seasons is 74 LPCD (Fig. 2.2 and Fig. 2.3). Duration of supply is one and half-hours for

every third day per street. Total number of public fountains was found to be 768 and

total number of household connections is 7263. In slum areas water supply is provided

partially through public taps and household connections. At present, municipality

supplied water quality is good and is potable. There is no complaint from local residents

regarding the water quality. There is 30 % of willingness of the households to pay

monthly water tariff if sufficient water is supplied to their localities.

19. A sufficient quantity of water is available to the city but it requires proper design. There

is contamination of Markandeya River water with city wastewater and the river joins

Ghataprabha River before present source point.

Fig. 2.2: Ghataprabha River Water Supply Source

Fig. 2.3: Existing Water Treatment Plant at Gokak City

20. In Gokak, there are six storage reservoirs with a capacity of 5.29 ML, which satisfy the

storage requirements as per design standards (1/3rd capacity). The total length of

distribution network is 74.219 km. The tables below (Table 2.3 and Table 2.4) provide

details regarding existing water supply; and installed capacity and production of water

at present.


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Table 2.3: Salient Features of existing water supply system Total length of streets : 119.75 km

Total length of Distribution Network : 74.219 km Distribution Coverage in percentage : 61.97 % Total No of Households (2001) : 12,189

Total No of HSC’s : 7263

Total No of Non-domestic connections : 133

Total No of Commercial connections : 197 Nos

Total No of Industrial connections : Nil

Total No of Public fountains : 768 Nos

Present Qty of Water supply : 8.0 MLD

Projected water demand for the intermediate

stage (2026) including 15% losses.

: 12.15 MLD

Projected water demand for the Ultimate

stage (2041) including 15% losses.

: 15.45 MLD

Source: Concept Report

Table 2.4: Present Installed Capacity and Production of Water Water Supply

Source Water drawn at

source in MLD

Water Treatment at

Water Treatment

Plant MLD

Water supplied at

consumer end in

MLD

Ghataprabha River 13.13 13.13 8.00

Ground water

source

0.04 - 0.04

Total 13.17 13.13 8.04


2.6.2 Slums-Existing infrastructure facilities

21. The Karnataka slum clearance board is responsible for notifying and upgrading slums

and providing clearance and basic services to the urban poor residing in slums. The

objective is to identify essential issues in service delivery in Gokak City and suggest

methods for improving the services.

22. There are 7 declared and 6 undeclared slums in Gokak town. The total population in

declared slum is 4563 and in undeclared population is around 3776. While the declared


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slums located well within the city have been provided with few basic infrastructures

like electricity, water and roads but lack the sanitation facility. Household sanitation is

almost absent in all the slums except in few. Community toilets are poorly maintained

and the residents tend to defecate in the open. Following table indicates slums with

population and area.

Table 2.5: Slums in Gokak City

Name of the slums Area Population House holds Ha No.s No.s

Declared Slums 1.Harijankeri 0.89 1147 233 2.Samagara Oni 0.10 347 63 3.Ambedkar Nagar(Ningayya Nagar) 0.45 912 146

4.Waddara Oni 2.02 801 162 5.Dhor Galli 0.47 300 60

6. Gollara galli 0.85 733 132 7. R.S.No.285 Hudco Colony - 323 60

Total 4.78 4563 856 Undeclared Slums 1.Murari Chawl (Gandhi Nagar) 1.00 353 58 2.Janata Colony (D.S.P office) 1.34 1022 207

3.Adibetti Colony 0.87 541 100 4.Awati Galli and Killa 3.60 256 48

5.Sangam Nagar 1.68 1214 246 6.CTS No.1518 (Ambiger galli) 1.50 390 69

Total 9.99 3776 728 Source: DPR-Slum up-gradation

23. Declared Slums – Harijankeri Slum and Ashraya Nagar (Hudco Colony) Slum

have been identified by KSCB for development of components on priority basis

under this ADB assisted NKUSIP.

A. Harijankeri Slum

24. This is a declared slum having piped water supply. Water is supplied once in 3 days for

one and half hour but the pressure is low. Only one community toilet exists with water

supply facility, but seating capacity is insufficient and number people are forced to go

for open defecation. There are 25 household toilets. In this slum there are about 23


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roads and most of the roads are of concrete with pre-cast drains most of them are

stagnated with dirty water.

Fig. 2.4: Harijankeri Slum B. Ashrayanagar Slum (Hudco colony) 25. This is a declared slum and also called hudco colony. Here municipal piped water

supply exists. Water supply is once in three days for one and half hour duration and

sufficient water is available to the people. Pay and use Community toilet exist in this

slum some people use other go for open defecation. There are 16 roads in this slum out

of which only three roads are asphalted and other roads are WBM roads; and condition

of most of the roads is poor. This need up gradation of roads, drains and cross drainage

works. SSM drains present are poor in condition.

Fig. 2.5: Ashrayanagar Slum (Hudco colony) Existing Condition in Declared Slums

26. A) Water supply: The slums are provided with Piped water supply on every third day

for a duration of 1-1.5 hours. Some households have house service connections;

whereas maximum people collect the water from public stand posts.


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Table 2.6:Existing Water Supply Position Sl No

Slum Public Stand Post

Bore wells

Condition

Mun

icip

al

Wat

er

Supp

ly

Dur

atio

n

Freq

uenc

y

Remarks

With Power Pump

Bore well with HP

Declared Slum 1 Harijankeri

Slum 15 02 - Not

working Yes

1 hr 30 min

Once in three days

Pressure is low

2 Ashraya Nagar (Hudco) 03 03 0 Working

fair Yes 1 hr 30 min

Once in three days

Sufficient pressure

Source: DPR-Slum up-gradation 27. B) Sewerage & Sanitation: In Gokak there is no existing underground sewerage system.

Sanitation facility is very poor in the slums. Household sanitation is almost absent in all

the slums except in few. Community toilets are poorly maintained and the residents

tend to defecate in the open due to lack of sanitation facilities and improper upkeep of

public conveniences. The Slum Clearance Board has constructed Community Latrines

in all the slums but is unused due to its pay & use policy. Many of the community

latrines constructed and maintained by the CMC are without doors. Due to the poor

maintenance of the toilets, residents tend to defecate in the open, causing nuisance in

the surrounding area. The septic tanks are in very pathetic condition and the effluent is

left to open drains.

Table 2.7: Existing Community Toilets

Source: DPR-Slum up-gradation

Sl No

Slum Community Toilets

Condition Household latrines

Treatment & Disposal Remarks Ladies

No of Seats

Gents No of Seats

Declared Slum

1 Harijankeri Slum 8 8

Satisfactory

25 Septic tank

Community toilet in use but not sufficient for the people.

2

Ashray nagar (Hudco) 5 5 Satisfactory 8 Septic

tank

Community toilets in use but people hesitate to pay. Here another community toilet is required for meeting the felt need.


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28. C) Roads and Drainage: At present all the declared slums have well connected roads

and drains. The main roads are black topped and the internal roads are of cement

concrete. Open drains of RCC pre-cast or masonry is provided on either side of the

roads.

2.7 Proposed Improvements for Gokak CMC

2.7.1 Water Supply System

29. The sub project is designed to provide safe, adequate and reliable water facilities to the

communities of Gokak Municipality. The objectives of the improvement of the system

are as follows:

• Improvement in the longevity of the individual components and in the system;

• Improvement in the operational performance of the components and the

system and

• Reduction in the loss of water and increase in the utilizable output of the

system

30. A sufficient quantity of water is available to the city at the present source. Nevertheless,

there is contamination of water in the Markandeya River that joins Ghataprabha River

before present source point. Proper drainage must be provided to avoid joining of

wastewater with Markhandeya River.

31. Water supply zones: The Gokak Municipal area is categorized into five zones, which

are given in the following Table (Table 2.8).

Table 2.8: Water Supply Zones in Gokak CMC Zones Wards Population

2041 ELSR/GLSR

Zone-I: 1,2,3,4,5,23,24,25,26,27 & part of (6,7,8,9,10,11,21, 22,28,29,30,31)

61765

GLSR’s of 1.36 & 0.68 MLD capacity located near WTP

Zone-II 12 & Part of (6,7,8,9,10,11) 12094 ELSR of 0.75 MLD capacity

located in APMC premises. Zone III Part of

(13,14,15,16,22) 14347 GLSR of 0.50 MLD capacity located on the hillock behind Payasagar school premises.

Zone IV 17 & Part of (13,14,15,18) 13424

GLSR of 0.50 MLD capacity located on the hillock behind GRBC premises near Kadabagatti road.


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Zones Wards Population 2041

ELSR/GLSR

Zone V 19,20 & part of (16,18,21,22,28,29,30 &31)

32750 MBR of 1.50 MLD capacity located on the hillock behind WTP.


Map 2.3: Water supply proposal

32. The study indicates that there is dire requirement of a surface water storage Tank to

store water for lean periods of 90 days and the distribution network requires further

extension inside city limits.

33. No pipelines are passing through private property. The distribution network is along the

existing roads. No additional transmission line is proposed, as existing line will be used.

No further difficulties in terrain and major crossings are found along the distribution

lines. Water supply/distribution network has been designed for 30 years of design

period. Existing Water Treatment Unit is used to tap water from the source. For other

pumping sources, treatment unit is not proposed.


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2.7.2 Slum Improvement

34. KSCB and Gokak CMC are responsible for improving and upgrading the quality of

slums in Gokak. They undertake the programmes and projects for providing

infrastructure facilities in slums under different schemes.

35. As per the inspection of slums and as proposed in CLIP reports, it is proposed to up-

grade existing roads, drains, UGD, water supply distribution, community toilets and

streetlights on priority basis. Urban roads will be considered after the completion of

design. The following proposals are made for up gradation of selected declared slums in

Gokak city:

A. Harijankeri Slum

i) Water Supply: Providing and laying of Distribution Pipeline (PE-10 Pipes) for 510

mts including public stand posts of 18 nos.

ii) Sewerage and Sanitation: Providing and Laying Underground drainage network of

360 mts

iii) Urban Roads: Providing Concrete road to the existing main road of 402 mts

iv) Urban drains: construction of RCC drains of size 45cm x 60 cm for 50 Rmtr and

size of 30cm x 30 cm for 1m and stone masonry for 15 mtr length.

B. Ashraynagar (HUDCO) Slum

i) Urban Roads: Providing Metaling and Asphalting to the roads of 1030 mts and

providing asphalting to the existing road of 365 mts.

ii) Urban drains: Construction of RCC drains of size 45cm x 60 cm and size of 30cm x

30 cm for 1016 mtr.

iii) Community Toilets: Construction of one Community Toilet.

iv) Street Lights: Providing street lighting to the 13 poles.

2.8 Proposed schedule for implementation

36. Implementation of the program is scheduled to be within a period of 6 years (FY 2009-

10 to FY 2015-16) as directed by KUIDFC. Program works to be completed during this

period include strict scheduling, monitoring and implementation on site.


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2.9 Investment Program Alternatives

37. The environmental feasibility/suitability of proposed components of the Investment

Program has been studied based on the location and process/technology for the

components. The interaction and the level of interference with the surrounding land use

pattern determine the environmental sustainability of the Investment Program

components. However, the investment Program components are mostly location

specific.

38. The environmental feasibility of the selected alternatives for the proposed Investment

Program components are given below:

Table 2.9: Investment Program Alternatives

Sub-Component Suitability of Selected Alternatives

Water Supply The best alternative for water supply is to design the system based on

gravity. However, due to topography and required pressure at the end, the

system is designed as partly gravity and partly pumping.

Slum

Improvement

Proposed improvements will be considered on priority basis for the

identified declared slums discussed above.

2.10 Investment Program Benefits

39. Inadequacy and lack of basic infrastructure facilities and their adverse impacts on the

environment, human health and socio-economic status can be overcome by safe,

adequate and proper water supply, underground sewerage system/sanitation facilities,

which will be provided by NKUSIP to the communities (beneficiaries) of Gokak ULB.

The Investment Program benefits during implementation stage are provided below:

A. Water Supply System Improvements

• Availability of potable drinking water to the local people (beneficiaries)

• Reduced time and costs in accessing alternative sources of water

• Reduced ground water exploitation

• Proper distribution of potable water to the beneficiaries

• Avoidance of water pollution of Markandeya River and Ghataprabha River

• Reduced risk of water-borne diseases due to access to potable water supply


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B. Slum Improvement

• Improvement in quality of environment, social life and health in slums by

providing facilities such as water supply, underground drainage, urban roads,

urban drains, community toilets and street lights.

C. Other benefits

• Enhancement in archaeological and historical values of the project place

especially during important religious festivals

• Increased Cultural Values due to assemblage of people from multicultural

background, caste and ethnicity (characterized by its customs, traditions, culture,

etc.)

• Improvement in quality of life


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3. ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION

3.1 Physical Resources

40. Physical resources of the project area are described in brief in following paragraphs.

3.1.1 Topography and Soils

41. Gokak city is situated at the foot and along the slope of a hill, with predominant slope

from south to northeast and northwest. Area on the south side of Malik Saheb hillock

and west side of Kadabagatti road slopes gradually towards the Markandeya River in

north-west direction while the area east of Kadabagatti road north side of the hillock

slopes towards Ghataprabha River in north east direction.

3.1.2 Atmosphere

3.1.2.1 Air Quality

42. At present, air quality in general is good but because of poor sanitation and open sewer

drains air is unhealthy in the project area.

3.1.2.2 Climate

43. The project area falls under North interior Karnataka climatic zone. These regions

experience semi-arid, tropical steppe type of climate. The project area is characterised

by hot summers and normal winters.

3.1.2.3 Temperature

44. The temperature of Gokak town varies from 37.280C to 33.400C. The lowest

temperature being in the month of December and highest temperature being in the

month of April. The mean maximum temperatures are 29.610C and mean minimum

temperature is 21.610C. The average temperature of Gokak town is comparatively

higher than that of surrounding towns. The best weather is experienced in the months of

November to January.

3.1.2.4 Rainfall

45. The average annual rainfall in this city is 491 mm and the monsoon period is from June

to September. The project area receives maximum rainfall of during the southwest

monsoon in the month of July and August.


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3.1.2.5 Wind Direction

46. The prevailing wind direction is from southwest. Local topography and slope largely

influence the wind direction. The wind direction shifts to northeast during evening

hours. The nearest IMD station is at Belgaum.

3.1.3 Surface Water and Ground Water

3.1.3.1 Surface Water

47. Gokak city is an old and important city situated at the junction of two rivers,

Ghataprabha and Markandeya. Gokak city has two famous falls, Gokak falls and

Godachinmalki water falls which attract a number of tourists all over the country.

3.1.3.2 Ground Water

48. Depth of ground water table in the city is 50mts in rainy and summer seasons.

3.1.4 Geology and Seismology

49. The soil profile is Red laterite, Black Trappean soil and sandy soil. The project area

falls under zone III seismicity. The region is not prone to frequent earthquakes of high

intensity. It is normally affected by mild tremors, not causing damage to life or

property.

3.2 Ecological Resources

50. The sensitive and critical natural habitats such as national park, marine park, wildlife

sanctuary, tiger reserve, elephant reserve, reserved forest, protested area and its buffer

zone, declared special area for protecting biodiversity or wildlife habitat, estuarine area,

coral reef, wet land or marshes or mangrove, cultural heritage sites, etc. were not found

in the project area. None of the rare and endangered species of flora and fauna were

observed within and surroundings of project area. Only during rainy season flood may

affect 1/4th of the city particularly low-lying areas.

3.3 Economic Development

3.3.1 Industries

51. The major industries in Gokak are cotton ginning and textile industry. Gokak town has

only two major industries. There are 34 small-scale industries in the city. The various


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categories of industries in the city are leather, paper printing, metal products, food

based, textile and printing.

3.4 Social and Cultural Resources

3.4.1 Population and Communities

52. The population of Gokak city as per 2001 census is 67,166 and 73,130 as on 2007. The

population density is only 2032.25 persons per Sq. km. The total number of households

as per 2001 census is 12,189. Number of slum households is 856 and population is

4,563. Sex ratio is 962. Literacy rate is 79.98%. Main occupation is agriculture.

Secondary occupation is weaving.

3.4.2 Health facilities

53. One government hospital and about 50 private health centers (major numbers of

Ayurvedic practices) were observed within CMC limits.

3.4.3 Education facilities

54. One government school and several private schools and pre-university college were

noticed in the project area.

3.4.4 Socio-economic conditions

3.4.4.1 Community Structure

55. Out of the total population of 67,170 as per 2001 census, Scheduled cast population is

4,108 and Scheduled tribe population is 3,084. The following table presents details of

scheduled caste and scheduled tribe population at Gokak.

Table 3.1: Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population as per 2001 census

Sl. No. Population Type Total Male Female

1 Scheduled Caste 4,108 2,026 2,082

2 Scheduled Tribe 3,084 1,551 1,533

3 Others 67,170 34,199 32,971

Source: CMC


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3.4.4.2 Literacy Rate

56. About 77% of total population shows literacy as per 2001 census. 85.7% males are

literate and 68% females are literates.

3.4.4.3 Work Participation Rate

57. Out of the total population of 67,170, as per 2001 census, 63.4% is the work

participation rate. About 50.8% of male population and about 12.6% of female

population are in the working category.

3.4.5 Land use pattern

58. According to the land use pattern of 1995, residential area constitutes 52.62 percent of

the total developed area of 358.07 Ha. The core area of Gokak town is over- crowded

and very congested as a result; new extension areas are forming in the peripheral areas

of the town. The commercial and industrial establishments occupy 4.36 percent and

4.50 percent of the total developed area of the town. About 11 percent of the developed

area is under park and playgrounds, which indicates that the town has good recreational

places. The circulation pattern of the town occupies about 12 percent of the developed

area. The local planning area has about 32.53 Ha of vacant land for future development.

Table 3.2: Existing Land Use Sl. No. Land.Use. Category Area in hect Percentage

1 Residential 185.22 33.37%

2 Commercial 47.48 08.56%

3 Industrial 58.43 10.53%

4 Public & semi public 60.13 10.83%

5 Parks & open space 32.50 05.86%

6 Public Utility 03.80 00.68

7 Transport 130.89 23.59%

8 Vacant 32.53 06.58%

Total 550.98 100.00%

9 Water sheet 04.70

10 Hillock 68.45

Grand Total 624.13

Source: CMC/Master plan


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Table 3.3: Land use in Gokak CMC Name of City Area of the City

in Sq Km Developed area in %

Undeveloped area in %

Gokak 33.05 60 40 Source: CMC/CLIP Report

59. The general land use pattern along the distribution line is comprised of residential areas

and commercial areas with business activities with medium density population.

3.4.6 Physical or Cultural heritage

60. No physical or cultural heritage was observed in the municipality limits.

3.4.7 Significant Structures or sites – (Historical/Archaeological/Paleontological/ Architechtural sites)

61. Historically, Gokak is famous for its well-known architectural temple, Sri

Shivalingeshwar Temple located near Gokak falls.

3.5 Environmental Settings for Program Components – Water supply and Slum-Improvement

62. Water supply lines in Gokak city; water supply lines and sewer lines in slums are

proposed along the roads of densely built up areas. There are no environmental hotspots

along the proposed areas. There is no any prohibited area from where sewer line is

passing through. Hence the project does not require consent from ASI.


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4. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND

MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction

63. Urban development projects may cause negative impacts upon environment in many

different ways. The objective of this section is to identify those negative impacts that

are contextually possible in the project under consideration and to suggest the required

mitigation measures.

64. The impacts anticipated from the proposed program may be on Physical, Biological,

Socio-economical and Cultural environment. Nevertheless, it must be kept in mind that

the impacts of project activities are not always negative, it may be positive as well. The

attempt should be to minimize the negative impacts by applying necessary mitigation

measures and to maximize the positive impacts. Based on the severity and extent of

impacts, the impacts may be classified as high, medium and low. Care has been taken

also to identify the prospects of positive impacts and of the measures that are likely to

enhance the quality of the given environment. The environmental impacts of the

Investment Program Components can be categorized into location impacts, design

impacts, construction impacts and operation impacts.

4.2 Location Impacts

65. The environmental impacts associated with site selection and those involving

loss/damage and/or encroachment of environmentally sensitive areas or archeological /

cultural / historical/ paleontaological sites/monuments, etc. It also includes impacts on

people- their livelihood or properties or any other related structures. The impacts may

be direct or indirect on such environments/people by the developmental programs. No

significant impacts can arise due to project location as the sites involving improvements

in the Program components does not pass through/near any environmentally sensitive

areas or any cultural/historical areas, etc.

4.3 Design Impacts

66. These are impacts due to Investment Program design including technology, scale of

operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and


KUIDFC 28 SPAN

ancillary services. These may arise due to design interference with other utilities in the

same tranche, are considered to be of short duration and of negligible significance.

4.4 Construction Impacts

67. Several types of short term/temporary negative impacts upon environment may happen

during construction phase of the project, primarily due to negligent practices.

Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery,

vehicles and workers.

4.5 Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Impacts

68. Operation and Maintenance (O & M) impacts include impacts arising from the

operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility provided. They are

routine management of operational waste flow; occupational health and safety aspects.

4.6 Screening of potential environmental impacts

69. Screening of environmental impacts is based on the magnitude and duration of the

impact. The magnitude of the impact may be negligible/moderate/severe – in the order

of increasing degree and impact duration may be temporary/ permanent (Table 4.1).

Table 4.1: Screening of potential environmental impacts Duration of Impact Magnitude (Degree of Impacts)

Negligible (N) Moderate (M) Severe (S) Temporary (T) N/T M/T S/T Permanent (P) N/P M/P S/P

70. The tables (Table 4.2, Table 4.3 and Table 4.4) present the magnitude and duration of

all four types of possible potential environmental impacts along with required

mitigation measures for the proposed components of Gokak ULB under NKUSIP. No

significant impacts are anticipated from program components during construction and

operation since the pipelines and areas of improvement are not passing through any

environmentally sensitive areas. The program components will have

negligible/moderate and temporary impacts, which can be mitigated by proper

environment friendly measures.


KUIDFC 29 SPAN

Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Water Supply Rehabilitation in Gokak city and proposed Slums Potential Negative Impacts Significance &

Duration of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation

Responsibility Preliminary

Costing Location impacts Since the location of rehabilitation works will be at existing facilities, and the existing environment is not a sensitive environment, location-specific impacts are insignificant.

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

Water use conflicts may occur with downstream users; particularly in dry season months.

N/P (during dry seasons)

The abstraction of water from River Ghataprabha is only during surplus months of monsoon; hence drawing of water will not have any impact on downstream water users during dry seasons.

ULB N/a

Design Impacts Since the location of rehabilitation works will be at existing facilities, and the existing environment is a built environment, design-specific impacts are very less.

N/a. N/a.

N/a. N/a.

The increase in water supply will increase wastewater levels.

S/P Improved sanitation facilities to accommodate increase in water use including household latrines, public toilets, new toilets, and septic tank cleaning service

ULB/Design Consultant

N/a

Loss of land and other properties N/T

Resettement Plan prepared for infrastructure sited on private land. Any future land acquisition to be addressed in Resettlement Plan in accordance with Resettelement Framework.

ULB/Design Consultant

Part of Consultancy cost


KUIDFC 30 SPAN

Potential Negative Impacts Significance & Duration of the Impact

Mitigation Measures Implementation Responsibility

Preliminary Costing

Construction Impacts Additional amounts of waste soil due to trenching

N/T Soil shall be beneficially used in construction or infill Contractor Part of Construction Cost.

Siltation of surrounding drains and water

N/T Silt fences shall be used and sand piles shall be covered during monsoon season. Also tarpaulins shall be used to cover dry soil when carried on trucks. Backfilling of excavated trenches shall be done immediately after work is completed.

Contractor Part of Construction Cost.

Impact on topography and slope stability

N/T Construction activities to avoid steep slopes and landslide prone areas.


Disposal of excavated materials

N/T Excessive excavated materials to be disposed at disignated area


Effects on hydrlogy and sedimentation

N/T Ensure adequate dry flow (environmental flow) to be released downstream as per government requirements (if exist) and to ensure no impacts on downstream ecosystems.


Environmental impacts from construction worker camps

N/T Where sites/camps are set up, the contractor will see that proper sanitation (toilets, solid waste management) systems are in place; potable drinking water provided; kerosene to be provided at reduced rates for cooking; gambling, liquor and illicit relationships banned. Contractor will be required (as per his contract) to ensure clean-up of site back to original, pre-project condition.


Trenching could damage M/T Location of infrastructure will be confirmed to avoid these Contractor Part of


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Preliminary Costing

other infrastructure sites. Construction Cost.

Inconvenience to access business, residential and other immediate facilities for the public and impact on livelihood due to loss of access to business.

M/T The access for business and other facilities along the proposed pipe laying areas will be disturbed during construction period.

During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways shall be provided along the construction areas for the public to access their requirements for residential, shopping and other facilities. Will compensate any business losses as per the Resettlement Framework. Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of soil. Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to cross trench. Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly. Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance.

Contractor Part of construction cost.

Inconvenience to public during pipe laying along thick commercial areas and narrow streets; where public facilities are located.

M/T Reduced pedestrian and vehicle access to residences and businesses

Provision of planks is required to maintain access business. Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation procedures must be followed as per Resettlement framework. Construction should be expedited in the least time frame. Activities requiring maximum access control should be done during non-peak hours. Excavation along the road should be done in such a way that entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate signboards.

Contractor Part of construction costs

Traffic disturbance and road N/T Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic Contractor Part of


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Preliminary Costing

blocking due to laying of water supply network and vehicle movement for construction activities; inconvenience to the local community.

The proposed network will be laid in the presently unserved fringe and extension areas. As these areas are not densely populated areas the impacts due to construction activities may not be significant. Traffic Management Plan for the construction phase has to be prepared for rerouting and avoiding slow movement of vehicles.

blockages. Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Work shall be planned with town authorities. Work shall be carried out when traffic is light. It will be ensured that police provide traffic diversions whenever necessary. Workforce shall be increased to finish this work quickly.

construction costs

Trucks removing waste could disrupt traffic and vibration could damage fragile buildings

N/T Routes shall be planned to avoid narrow streets, congested roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & tourism sites. Work shall be planned to avoid peak traffic, main tourism season.


Dust and noise from construction activities. Impact on air quality due to dust from waste soil and imported sand

N/T Due to dry climatic condition the dust generation may be considerable. Major noise generating activities such as rock blasting and use of

The practices such as spraying of water to arrest dust shall be employed. All equipments used in construction activities shall comply with CPCB noise emission norms. Waste soil shall be removed quickly, stockpiles shall be covered with tarpaulins and/or water shall be sprinkled to avoid dust pollution. Sand shall be brought (for backfill) to site when needed.

Contractor Part of Construction Cost. .


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Preliminary Costing

heavy noise generating equipment are not envisaged.

Improper disposal of Bituminous waste

M/P Bituminous waste shall be disposed in approved waste disposal sites.


People will be inconvenienced and their health may be at risk if water supply system is shut down for long period

N/T Work program will be planned to keep shutdown to minimum. Alternative water will be provided to affected residents. Communities will be informed of any shutdown in advance


Sites of social/cultural importance (schools, hospitals, temples, tourism sites) may be disturbed by noise, dust, vibration and impeded access

N/T Buildings at risk from vibration damage will be identified and Usage of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles will be avoided nearby. Waste will be removed quickly, covered/sprayed stockpiles, sand will be imported only when needed and soil/sand will be covered when transported on trucks. Workforce will be increased to finish work quickly. Planks will be used to allow access (people/vehicles). Relevant authorities, custodians of buildings and local people will be consulted to address issues & to avoid work at sensitive times. No construction will be carried out at night and early morning hours. Public will be notified of any loud noise and vibrations


Improper handling of excess soil

N/T Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than water bodies


Workers and the public are at risk from accidents on site

N/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and implemented that includes measures to: Exclude the public from all construction sites; Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment;



KUIDFC 34 SPAN



Preliminary Costing

Provide Health & Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and Keep accident reports and records

Economic benefits if local people are employed in Contractor’s workforce

S/P Employment shall be provided to locals particularly affected persons identified in Resettlement Plans


O & M Impacts Recurrence of blockage and leakage problems.

M/T The existing system losses are around 25 %.

The leak detection and water auditing surveys shall be conducted. The leak restoration time shall be minimized.

ULB Part of O & M Costs

System failure due to lack/shortage of power supply

M/P Dedicated power supply feeder lines are existing and hence no alternate power arrangements is proposed.

ULB Part of O & M costs

Occupational health and Safety of workers and locals

N/T Provide provision for safety measures in design stage. Training of workers on safety measures to be taken.


Risk of contaminated water in the distribution system

S/T H&S Plan shall be prepared and operated with same measures as used in construction phase


Public health may not improve without improved practices

S/P Campaigns shall be conducted to raise awareness of health and environmental sanitation issues


Shops may lose small amounts of income if customers’ access is impeded by network repair works

M/P Shopkeepers shall be informed of work in advance; planks/ walkways shall be provided and request shall be made to police to divert traffic if necessary.



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Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Sewerage system in proposed Slums Potential Negative

Impacts Significance &

Duration of the ImpactMitigation Measures Implementation


Costing Location and Design Impacts Impacts on existing utilities such as water supply pipes and contamination of potable water

M/P UGD pipes will be placed 1.5 m below water supply pipelines to avoid contamination of ground water.

ULB Part of Design costs

Nuisance due to leakage / overflowing/over flooding of sewers.

N/P Regular maintenance will nullify the impact. Usage of appropriate maintenance equipment would substantially reduce the maintenance time.

ULB Part of Design costs

Construction Impacts Sewerage Network and Trunk Sewer Waste soil due to trenching

M/P As above: Waste soil shall be beneficially used in construction, land raising and infilling of excavated areas

Contractor Part of construction cost

Waste soil may create dust when stored or transported

M/T As above: Waste soil shall be removed as soon as it is excavated Contractor Part of construction cost As above: Soil shall be covered with tarpaulins on trucks

Stored soil shall be covered or damped down in dry weather Damage other infrastructure due to trenching

S/P Location of infrastructure shall be confirmed before the commencement of trenching work or these sites shall be avoided


Water and sewer pipes on opposite sides of roads shall be located.

Disturbance to road users or public due to repeated trenching

M/T Subprojects shall be integrated to conduct trenching at same time


Inconvenience to access business, residential and other immediate facilities

M/T The access for business

During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways shall be provided along the construction areas for the public to access their requirements for residential, shopping and other facilities.

Contractor Part of construction cost.


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Potential Negative Impacts

Significance & Duration of the Impact


Preliminary Costing

for the public and impact on livelihood (shop owners/keepers) due to loss of access to business.

and other facilities along the proposed sewer lining areas will be disturbed during construction period.

Provision of planks is required to maintain access business. Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation procedures must be followed as per Resettlement framework. Will compensate any business losses as per the Resettlement Framework. • Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of soil. • Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to cross trench. • Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly. • Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance

Inconvenience to public during trenching and laying of sewer lines/ pipes along thick commercial areas and narrow streets; where public facilities are located.


Construction shall be expedited in the least time frame. Contractor Part of Construction Costs

Activities requiring maximum access control shall be done during non-peak hours. Excavation along the road shall be done in such a way that entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate signboards.

Nuisance due to dust and noise; road blocking due to laying of sewer network; and, increased traffic flow due to vehicle movement for construction activities.

M/T Dust generation may be significant as the dry weather condition prevails in the town.

Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic blockages. In case of excavations for sewer lines in busy streets such as central areas of the town (market area, old town area), adequate arrangements for traffic diversion including prior intimation and by erecting proper signboard shall be provided.


Considering the market and dense residential areas in the core town area, preparation of construction site management plan is necessary.


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Preliminary Costing

Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues.

Traffic disturbance and road blocking due to laying of sewer network and vehicle movement for construction activities; inconvenience to the local community. Traffic disturbance due to lack of space caused by placing/dumping of soil on road and/or if sewers have to be located in the road itself

M/T The proposed network will be laid in the presently unserved fringe and extension areas. As these areas are not densely populated areas the impacts due to construction activities may not be significant. Traffic Management Plan for the construction phase has to be prepared for rerouting and avoiding slow movement of vehicles.

Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic blockages.


Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Work shall be planned with town authorities. Work shall be carried out when traffic is light. It will be ensured that police provide traffic diversions whenever necessary. Workforce shall be increased to finish this work quickly.

Traffic disturbance and vibration due to trucks removing waste and may cause damage to fragile buildings

N/T Routes shall be planned to avoid narrow streets, congested roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & tourism sites. Work shall be planned to avoid peak traffic, main tourism season.



KUIDFC 38 SPAN




Preliminary Costing

Dust and noise from construction activities. Impact on air quality due to dust from waste soil and imported sand

N/T Due to dry climatic condition the dust generation may be considerable. Major noise generating activities such as rock blasting and use of heavy noise generating equipment are not envisaged.

The practices such as spraying of water to arrest dust shall be employed. All equipments used in construction activities shall comply with CPCB noise emission norms.

Contractor Part of Construction Cost. . Part of construction cost

Waste soil shall be removed quickly, stockpiles shall be covered with tarpaulins and/or water shall be sprinkled to avoid dust pollution. Sand shall be brought (for backfill) to site when needed.




Improper handling of excess soil

N/T Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than water bodies


On site accident risks for workers and the public

M/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and implemented that includes measures to: Exclude the public from all construction sites; Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment; Provide Health & Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and Keep accident reports and records



M/T As above: Employment shall be provided to locals particularly affected persons identified in Resettlement Plans-50% of workforce from affected communities


O & M Impacts Human health risks and contamination of soil and

M/T Sewer leaks shall be detected and repaired rapidly and effectively



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Preliminary Costing

groundwater due to leaking sewers Nuisance due to overflowing/choking of sewers.

N/P No major water bodies and ground water are very deep. However, nuisance shall be considered.

The suggested mitigation measures shall be implemented to avoid chocking. Sewer cleaning equipments shall be provided.


Impact on business income if customer’s access is impeded by network repair works

S/T • Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of soil. • Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to cross trench. • Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly. • Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance


Mixing of Industrial Waste water with sewage

M/P Treatment process in the downstream will be significantly affected Health risk to the sewer workers due to toxic effluent and gases

The rules and regulation will be strictly implemented to avoid mixing of industrial waste stream with sewage.

KSPCB and ULB

Part of O&M Cost

Economic benefits to local people by project

M/P Workers should be residents of neighbouring areas ULB Part of O & M costs

Health & Safety risks of workers and the public during repair work

M/T H&S Plan shall be prepared and operated with same measures as used in construction phase ULB

Part of O & M costs


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Table 4.4: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Drainage Up-gradation in proposed Slums Potential Negative

Impacts Significance &

Duration of the ImpactMitigation Measures Implementation


Costing Location Impacts No location impacts are envisaged as the scale of activity is minimal

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

Design Impacts No loss or encroachment of cultural or historical properties is envisaged. No impacts are envisaged.

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

Construction Impacts Improper disposal of silt and debris

M/T The silt and debris shall be extracted manually during cleaning; de-weeding and de-silting of drains; will be transported through mini trucks immediately and disposed off at approved landfill sites or solid waste management site.

Contractor Part of Construction costs




Improper handling of excess soil - Excavation of trenches will produce large amounts of waste soil

M/P

Waste/excess soil shall be used in construction, land raising and infilling of excavated areas

Contractor Part of Construction Cost. Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than

water bodies.

Dust pollution due to excavation and removal of waste soil; importation and storage of sand and other material

M/T Waste soil shall be removed as soon as it is excavated Contractor Part of Construction Cost.

Soil & sand shall be covered with tarpaulins when carried on trucks Sand shall be brought to site only when needed. Stockpiles of loose material stored on site shall be covered or sprayed.


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Preliminary Costing

Damage to other infrastructure due to excavation

S/P Location of water pipes, electricity pylons, etc., will be determined and scheme will be designed to avoid damage

Design consultant Part of Construction Cost. Different infrastructure on opposite sides of road will be

located. Inconvenience to access business, residential and other immediate facilities for the public and impact on livelihood (loss of income) due to loss of access to business.

M/T The access for business and other facilities along the proposed urban drain areas will be disturbed during construction period.

During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways should be provided along the construction areas for the public to access their requirements for residential, shopping and other facilities.

Contractor Part of Construction Costs

Provision of planks across trenches will be made to maintain access business. Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation procedures must be followed as per Resettlement framework.

Work will be finished quickly by increasing workforce in these areas. Business people will be consulted and informed of work in advance.

Inconvenience to public during laying of storm water drainage lines along thick commercial areas and narrow streets; where public facilities are located.


Construction should be expedited in the least time frame. Contractor Part of Construction Costs

Activities requiring maximum access control should be done during off-peak hours. Excavation along the road should be done in such a way that entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate signboards.

Disturbance to traffic due to storage of construction material/waste and material transport vehicles and other equipment at site and on

M/T This impact may be insignificant/less as the scale of activity is small.

Construction activities will be planned to have least impact on traffic during material storage.

Contractor Part of Construction costs Proper traffic management plan has to be prepared prior to

starting of construction activities. Soil, vehicles and machinery shall be kept off road when possible


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Preliminary Costing

road

Work will be conducted during light traffic. It will be ensured that police provide warning signs/diversions whenever needed Workforce shall be increased to finish this work quickly

Disturbance to traffic in town by vehicles en route to and from site, delivering materials or removing waste

M/T Proper route planning shall be done to avoid narrow streets, congested roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & tourism sites Work shall be properly planned to avoid peak traffic, particularly during main tourism season

Sites of social/cultural importance (schools, hospitals, temples, tourism sites) may be disturbed by noise, dust, vibration and impeded access

M/T Buildings at risk from vibration damage will be identified and usage of heavy vehicles nearby will be avoided.

Contractor Part of Construction costs As above: waste shall be quickly removed, stockpiles shall be

covered/sprayed, sand shall be imported only when needed and soil/sand on trucks shall be covered. As above: workforce shall be increased to finish work quickly As above: bridges/planks shall be provided to allow access (people/vehicles) Modern vehicles/machinery shall be used & maintained as specified Relevant authorities, custodians of buildings and local people shall be consulted to address issues & avoid work at sensitive times

Risk of accidents to workers and the public on site

M/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and implemented that includes measures to:

Contractor Part of Construction costs - Exclude the public from site;

- Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment - Provide Health & Safety Training for all personnel; - Follow documented procedures for all site activities; - Keep accident reports and records.


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Preliminary Costing


M/T Contractor should employ at least 50% of workforce from communities in vicinity of construction sites Contractor

Part of Construction costs

O & M Impacts Silting and pollution of water bodies due to non-clearance of construction work site

N/T

Site clearance shall be ensured before termination of work. Contractor Part of Construction costs

The silt and debris shall be extracted manually during cleaning; de-weeding and de-silting of drains; will be transported through mini trucks immediately and disposed off at approved landfill sites or solid waste management site.

Negative impacts on appearance & deterioration of environment, if material from drains is piled on adjacent land

M/T Drain cleaners must deposit material from blocked drains in municipal waste storage bins

ULB

O & M costs

Health & Safety of workers and the public could be at risk during repair work

M/T Prepare and operate H&S Plan with same measures as used in construction phase ULB

O & M costs


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5. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL

MONITORING PLANS

5.1 Institutional Requirements

71. The institutional requirements for the proposed Investment Program are briefed in the

following paragraphs.

Nodal Executing Agency (EA) 72. Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the

nodal executing agency responsible for implementing NKUSIP. Investment Program

implementation activities will be monitored by KUIDFC through a separate Investment

Program Management Unit (PMU), which will be set up within KUIDFC. The

Managing Director/KUIDFC will head the PMU with the assistance of an Executive

Director at the Regional Office of KUIDFC at Dharwad to oversee the Investment

Program progress.

State level Empowered Committee 73. A state level empowered committee for investment program has been constituted with

representatives from GoK and PMU of KUIDFC. The Executive Director from

Dharwad will be reporting to this committee as and when required.

Implementing Agency (IA) 74. The ultimate implementation responsibility lies with ULB in co-ordination with various

other Departments of GoK. The program components will be implemented by ULB

reporting to Divisional Program Director. Implementation Agencies (IA) will oversee

sub-project component implementation at the sub-project towns, where the Investment

Program ULB will implement sub-project components. The investment Program

Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment Program ULB in all of its responsible

implementation activities and carry proof check of designs and quality check of

construction activities.

75. Other than the above institutional set up, District Level Program Steering Committee

will be set up in each district to monitor implementation of subprojects and institutional

reforms. The organization hierarchy is presented in Fig. 5.1.


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Fig. 5.1: NKUSIP Implementing Organization Hierarchy


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76. The responsibility fulfilling environmental requirements of GoI/GoK and conducting

required level of environmental assessment as per ADB guidelines lies with the

borrowing ULB. The investment Program Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment

Program ULB in this regard. The IEE/EIA reports prepared by ULB will be reviewed

by the PMU as per the ADB Environmental Guidelines and forwarded to ADB for

review and approval. In case of IEE reports, the ADB could delegate approval of IEE

reports fully to the PMU after reviewing the first two reports. However, all the EIA

reports shall be sent to ADB for approval. The mitigation measures identified through

IEE/EIA-EMP are incorporated into the Investment Program cycle. Mitigation

measures, which are implemented by the contractor, shall form part of the bidding and

civil contract documents. The other mitigation measures are undertaken by the ULB

itself or in assistance with Investment Program Consultants as specified in the IEE.


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Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities Investment

Program Phase Activity Particulars Responsible

Agency Design Phase Investment Program

categorization Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) / Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) for each subcomponents as per ADB Guidelines

Gokak ULB

Review of REA/IEE and categorization of Investment Program (NKUSIP) as A/B/C as per ADB Guidelines

PMU

Environmental Assessment (EA) Study

Carrying out IEE/EIA study based on the Investment Program categorization Carrying out Public consultation and Information disclosure Preparation of SIEE/EIA Report

Investment Program Consultants

Investment Program clearances Fulfilling GoK/GoI requirement such as clearances from concerned Govt. Agencies

ULB

Review of IEE/ EIA Review of IEE/EIA and SIEE/SEIA reports to ensure compliance of the report as per ADB Guidelines and approval of the same

PMU

Disclosure of SEIA/SIEE Information disclosure – SEIA/SIEE Reports to be made available to the public, and on request IEE/EIA also to be made available.

ULB

Incorporation of mitigation measures into Investment Program design

Incorporation of necessary mitigation measures identified in IEE/EIA in Investment Program design and in contract documents


Review of design documents Review of design documents and contractual documents for compliance of mitigation measures

PMU

Construction Phase

Implementation of mitigation measures

Implementation of necessary mitigation measures given in IEE/EIA Report Contractor

Environmental Monitoring Environmental monitoring as specified in Monitoring Plan during Construction Phase and monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures


Preparation of Progress Reports

Preparation of monthly progress reports to be submitted to PMU including a section on implementation of mitigation measures

ULB in assistance of Program Consultants (PC)

Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Carrying out environmental monitoring as specified in Monitoring Plan ULB Compliance Monitoring Compliance Monitoring to review the environmental performance of sub-

project, if required and as specified in Monitoring Plan KSPCB


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Training Requirements

77. Program Consultants (PC) will be responsible for providing training to officials of

PMU, ULB, Contractors and NGOs. PMU will be involved in the monitoring of

Investment Program implementation whereas the ULB will implement the Investment

program. The implementation of mitigation measures specified in IEE report is part of

contractor’s responsibilities during construction. However, the responsibility lies on

both contractor and supervisory staff to monitor the incorporation of mitigation

measures in the Investment Program. Hence, considering the existing capabilities of the

agencies involved in NKUSIP, the training program is very much essential for all the

Investment Program officials. The table (Table 5.2) presents the suggested training

program:

Table 5.2: Training Requirements (2009-2016) Program Particulars Schedule Participants

Program - 1 Orientation Program/ Workshop for Implementing and Executing Agencies

Orientation Program –

• Investment Program Cycle of NKUSIP

• ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines

• EIA requirements of NKUSIP • National (Indian) Environmental

Laws and Regulations relating to urban infrastructure Investment Program

• Environmental impacts of urban infrastructure Investment Programs

2 days • PMU officials involved in the Investment Program

• ULB officials

involved in the Investment Program implementation

Environmental Assessment Process –

• Investment Program categorization as per ADB

• IEE/EIA process, Formats and Reports

• Identification of Environmental Impacts

• Identification of Mitigation Measures • Formulation of Environmental

Management Plan • Implementation and Monitoring • Summary EIA/IEEs • Incorporation of mitigation measures

in the Investment Program Design and Contracts

Program - 2 Orientation Program/ Workshop for

Implementation of Mitigation Measures

• Environment issues related to urban infrastructure Investment Programs during construction

1 day • Contractors involved in NKUSIP

• Supervisory


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Program Particulars Schedule Participants Contractors and Supervisory Staff

• Implementation of mitigation measures

• Monitoring of mitigation measures

staff involved in NKUSIP

Program – 3 Experience sharing

Experiences/Best Practices in the

Investment Program-

• Experiences during implementation of mitigation measures of environmental concern in the Investment Program

• Best practices followed during implementation

1day-every alternative year from the commencement of Investment program

• PMU officials • ULB officials • Local NGOs

5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plans

78. Monitoring is an essential and an integral part of the implementation of the proposed

environmental mitigation measures. Environmental monitoring generates useful

information and improves the quality of implementation of mitigation measures.

Component specific Environmental Monitoring Plans including physical, biological and

social indicators for water supply rehabilitation, sewerage system and urban drainage

system are presented in Table 5.3, Table 5.4 and Table 5.5. This IEE and EMP are

updated as per the detailed design and any design changes. Occupational health risks

and safety plan for workers are given in Table 5.6 and annual cost estimate is provided

in Table 5.7.


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Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Supply Rehabilitation in Gokak City and proposed Slums Mitigation Measures &

Parameters to be monitored Location Monitoring Method Monitoring

Frequency Monitoring

Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring Check for Construction related impacts and mitigation measures- Incorporation of mitigation measures into the bidding and civil contract documents

N.A. Verification of contract documents One-off inspection before signing of the contract

PMU

All designs of components include proper consideration of environment (i.e., water and air quality, noise pollution, etc.)

- Proposed designs of DSC One time before final design phase

Design of occupational safety measures - Proposed designs of DSC One time before final

design phase

Training programs for staff by consultants -- --

As needed before and during implementation

Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation measures; Construction site management plan to control dust and noise nuisance, and road blocks Incorporation of mitigation measures in the contract documents

N.A. Verification of contract documents before signing the contract

One-off inspection of contract document

PMU

Implementation of EMP by contractor Construction area

Implementation of mitigation measures and monitoring plan

Regular Contractor


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Mitigation Measures & Parameters to be monitored

Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Frequency

Monitoring Responsibility

Implementation of Construction site management plan: dust and noise nuisance at site; and traffic maintenance Dust and noise nuisance and disturbance to traffic

Water supply pipe lines laying sites and surroundings Sensitive receptors, settlements

Monitoring of air quality and noise is not required. Ensure the implementation of mitigation measures (usage of standard equipment complying with CPCB Noise Standards for construction equipments); assess the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people

Weekly CMC with the assistance of Investment Program consultants

Operation Stage Monitoring Regular O&M water treatment facilities - Inspection of facilities Bi-annually CMC with the

assistance of Investment Program consultants Checking water quality (BOD5, pH,

Temperature, COD)

Ghataprabha River above and below intake point

Water quality testing methods Bi-annually

Checking water quality (TSS, pH, Temperature, BOD5, COD, E-coli)

Drinking water at taps and reservoirs

Water quality testing methods

Parameters, location and frequency according to the National Drinking Water Quality Standards and Implementation Guidelines

Residual chlorine is sufficient to assure the potability of water supply at the household tap as well as to assure no over chlorination.

- Measured throughout the distribution network particularly at point furthest from the chlorination point.

Bi-annually

Training and operational supervision of system staff - Survey of staff Bi-annually


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Mitigation Measures & Parameters to be monitored


Monitoring Responsibility

Handling and dosages of chlrorine and lime - Treatment Plant Inspections Quarterly

Check for blockage and leakage problems; reduction in water losses - Effectiveness of leak detection and water flow auditing to reduce losses

N.A. Percentage of water lost Yearly once Gokak ULB

Emergency plan, if power fails, to minimize risks for water pumps -Power supply management

Water Pumping Station

Under emergency situations such as power failure in the pumping stations, alternative power source (stand-by generators) diesel operated generators (11KVA) exists.

Whenever there is power (regular supply) failure

ULB


KUIDFC 53 SPAN

Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage system component in proposed Slums Mitigation Activities/Measures &

Parameters to be monitored Location Monitoring Method Monitoring

Frequency Mitigation/Monitoring

Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring Gas monitoring for sewage pipes - Adequate monitoring of gas may not be possible due to distant manhole spacing. Manhole shall be designed considering worker/s safety.

Sewer pipes and Manholes

Gas monitoring in the sewerage network Monthly once as part of Plant operation

ULB with the assistance of Program consultants

Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation measures; Construction site management plan to control dust and noise nuisance, and road blocks

N.A. Incorporation of mitigation measures in the contract documents Verification of contract documents before signing the contract


PMU

Implementation of Construction site management plan: dust and noise nuisance at site; and traffic maintenance

Sewer laying sites and surroundings

Monitoring of air quality and noise is not required. The implementation of mitigation measures (usage of standard equipment complying with CPCB Noise Standards for construction equipments) and assessment of the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people shall be ensured.

Weekly Contractor and ULB with the assistance of Investment Program consultants

Beneficial usage of waste soil (construction, land raising, infill)

All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Waste soil removal as soon as it is excavated

All sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Usage of tarpaulins to cover soil when transported on trucks

All sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Coverage or damping down stockpiled soil in dry weather

Inhabited areas Site observations Weekly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC


KUIDFC 54 SPAN

Mitigation Activities/Measures & Parameters to be monitored


Mitigation/Monitoring Responsibility

Conduction of all excavation work in the dry season

All sites Site observations Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Leaving spaces for access between mounds of soil

Network sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Provision for planks/walkways to allow people & vehicles to cross open trenches

Network sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

*Compensation for businesses for lost income

Where required Shopkeeper survey; LSGD record As needed Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Increase of workforce in inhabited areas to finish work quickly

Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Advance information to shopkeepers and residents of work

Network sites Resident surveys; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Confirmation of location of infrastructure and avoid these sites

Network sites Site observation; design reports Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Location of water and sewer pipes on opposite sides of roads


Integration of subprojects to conduct trenching at same time


Work conduction during light traffic Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Ensuring that police provide traffic diversions when required


Proper planning for transport routes to avoid narrow streets, important or fragile buildings, religious and tourism sites

Network sites Observations off site: CC record Weekly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Proper planning of work to avoid peak traffic and main festival/tourism season


Avoidance of using pneumatic drills Network sites Site observations; CC records Weekly Contractor/


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near buildings at risk from vibration PMU/ULB/PC Usage of modern vehicles and machinery and proper maintenance as specified


Consultation with authorities, custodians of buildings, communities to address key issues and avoid working at sensitive times

Network sites Site observations; CC records; resident surveys

Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Preparation and implementation of a site H&S Plan (safety of workers/public)


Exclusion of public from the site All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Ensuring that workers wear Personal Protective Equipment


Provision for Health and Safety training for all personnel

All sites CC records; worker interviews Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Following of documented procedures for all site activities


Maintenance of accident reports and records

All sites CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Employ at least 50% of workforce from communities near sites

All sites CC records; worker interviews Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC

Operation Stage Monitoring Potential for gas explosion in Pipes – gas monitoring

Sewer pipes Gas monitoring in the sewerage network Monthly once as part of Plant operation

ULB

Odor emission control Sewer network Proper operation and Maintenance of the Sewerage system.

Regular/routine –daily maintenance

ULB


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• Frequent flushing or scraping. • Solid separation; keeping solid stockpiles dry and preferably covered or compost them.

Windbreaks to reduce airflow across lagoons.

Detection and repairing of sewer leaks rapidly and effectively

Network sites Site observation; resident survey Monthly ULB

Advance information of work to shopkeepers and residents

Network sites Resident surveys Monthly ULB

Provision of walkways/planks for public and vehicles


Requesting police to divert traffic if necessary

Network sites Site observations Monthly ULB

Avoidance of usage of drills or heavy vehicles near fragile buildings

Network sites Site observations Monthly ULB

Completion of work quickly in sensitive areas

Network sites Site observations; OMC records Monthly ULB

Consultation with communities to avoid working during sensitive periods


Preparation and operation of H&S plan to protect workers and citizens

All sites Site observations; OMC records Monthly ULB

Survey of public health and incidence of water borne disease

Gokak Town Hospital records; resident surveys Annual for 6 years ULB


KUIDFC 57 SPAN

Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for urban drainage up-gradation in proposed Slums Mitigation Measures & Parameters

to be monitored Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Frequency Mitigation/Monitoring

Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring No significant impacts envisaged N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation measures; Construction site management plan to control dust and noise nuisance, and road blocks

N.A. Incorporation of mitigation measures in the contract documents Verification of contract documents before signing the contract


PMU

Implementation of Construction site management plan: dust and noise nuisance at site; and traffic maintenance

Storm water drain/nallah sites and surroundings

Monitoring of air quality and noise is not required. Ensure the implementation of mitigation measures (usage of standard equipment complying with CPCB Noise Standards for construction equipments); assess the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people

Weekly Contractor/ ULB with the assistance of Investment Program consultants

Work conduction during light traffic Storm water drain/nallah sites and surroundings

Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU, ULB & PC

Ensuring that police provide traffic diversions when required

Storm water drain/nallah sites and surroundings

Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU, ULB & PC

Operation Stage Monitoring No significant impacts envisaged N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.

N.A. = Not applicable


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Table 5.6: Occupational Health Risks and Safety Plan for workers

Components Location Activities Health Risks Safety Measures Monitoring Responsibility I. Construction Stage Water

Supply

Sewerage

System

Urban drainage

Water supply lines laying sites, Sewer lines laying sites and Storm water drain sites

Trenching and laying of water supply pipelines, sewer lines and storm water drains

Respiratory problems due to dust, accidents due to traffic problems and stock piling and causing injuries or death

Providing personal protective equipments such as helmet, mask, boots, gloves, etc.

Daily inspection throughout construction stage. Monthly inspection of accident reports and complaints register Monthly health check-up for workers

Contractor, PMU and ULB

Improper management of equipments / machines Transportation of construction materials to and from sites

Traffic Management and Construction site access control Providing first aid and safety training to construction staff Removal of excess or waste materials immediately from the site after completion of the work and wetting of the area Following documented procedures for all site activities Maintenance of accident reports and records


KUIDFC 59 SPAN

Components Location Activities Health Risks Safety Measures Monitoring Responsibility II. Operation Stage Water

Supply

Water supply network sites

Repair work Treating contaminated drinking water

Skin problems such as allergy and injuries

Providing personal protective equipments such as helmet, mask, boots, gloves, etc.

Monthly inspection of operation and maintenance; and accident records Annual health check-up for workers

ULB

Personal protective equipments such as boots and gloves. Immediate washing of the affected area with potable water and applying first aid measures Water quality testing for its potability

Sewerage system

Sewer Network sites

Repair work and de-silting of manholes

Eye irritation, Respiratory problems and skin problems such as allergy and injuries

Providing personal protective equipments such as mask, boots, gloves, etc.

Monthly inspection of operation and maintenance; and accident records Bi-monthly health check-up for workers

ULB

Sewer cleaning in such case when sewage gets mixed with hazardous materials and industrial waste

Immediate medical attention and first aid treatment at emergencies

Treating contaminated ground water

Training to operators for safe handling of chemicals First aid and awareness training to staff

Gas monitoring in sewer pipes

Respiratory problems – allergy, nausea, asphyxia, etc.


KUIDFC 60 SPAN

Table 5.7: Annual environmental cost estimate (2009) Sl. No. Item Cost (Rs.) Monitoring during Operation Phase

1 Water quality testing 10,0002 Gas monitoring in the sewerage network

(only in slum area) 10,000

Training cost 1 Program 1 3,0002 Program 2 3,0003 Program 3 2,000

Other 1 Group Discussions 2,0002 Health checkups for workers 10,000

TOTAL 40,000Amount in Figures: Rupees Forty thousand only


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6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION & INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

79. To achieve the public consultation requirements of the Asian Development Bank, the

PC undertook extensive field visits and held detailed discussions with the public,

Government Departments such as Urban Development Board, Public Works

Department, Pollution Control Board, Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Sewerage

Board, etc. and CMC officials. Focus group discussions were involved in Public

consultation. Ample opportunities were ensured for the public to participate in the

design process of all the project components. A socioeconomic and perception survey

was conducted to provide a baseline for assessment of perceptions of residents on the

environment. Baseline information was collected by public consultation to ascertain

opinions on significant environmental conditions/features within the project area with

reference to project components and the merit or its rehabilitation.

80. During field visits, CMC officials (including the commissioner) and local people

(farmers, businessmen, Govt. officials, so on) were consulted to evaluate the present

situation of the project area environment and to establish necessary mitigation measures

for the project components. These consultations have given insight into the concerns

and requirements of CMC officials and publics with relation to implementation of

program components within the CMC area. These contacts provided an opportunity for

the local community to involve in the initial stages of the project activities. Table 6.1

below gives details of the Public Consultation.

Table 6.1: Details of Public consultation for the NKUSIP components in Gokak ULB Date Place Taluk District No. of

participants

10-07-2008 Bus stand Area, Gokak Gokak Belgaum 25

14-07-2008 CMC, Gokak 20

14-07-2008 Tahsildar Office 10

81. Overall, Public opinion was that the implementation of the project components within

the CMC limits should be carried out without any delay, but should include proper

operation and maintenance, environmental mitigation measures particularly, with

reference to sewerage and sanitation, improvement of the public health and the quality

of life for the local communities.


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Table 6.2: Queries and Responses during Public consultation S. No. Queries Responses

1 Will mosquito breeding

be stopped?

Yes. UGD facilities improve sanitary conditions and

helps in controlling mosquitoes.

2 Will Markandeya River

pollution continue or

potable water available

for communities?

The purpose of the program is to provide sewerage

facilities and STP with due concern to the

environment. So, present river pollution will be

controlled and potable water will be available to the

communities.

3 Will health risks be

avoided? What about

health risks of STP

workers?

Above-mentioned response. Sewage handling

workers will be provided with protective coverings

to overcome any health risks.

UGD facilities must be properly used by the

communities to avoid any water/wastewater related

health problems. Open faeciation must be

completely avoided.

4 Will choking of drains

be stopped?

Yes. Routine maintenance will be done by ULB.

A B

Fig. 6.1: Public Consultation


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Grievance Redress Committee (GRC)

82. Grievances will first be brought to the attention of the implementing NGO. Grievances

not redressed by the NGO will be brought to the grievance redress committee (GRC)

established in each Investment Program district. The GRC process is designed to be

transparent, gender responsive, culturally appropriate and commensurate to the risks and

adverse impacts of the project, as well as readily accessible to all segments of the

affected people. Affected people are to be appropriately informed about the mechanism

through media and public outlets. This participatory process shall ensure that all views

of the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and

implementation process.

83. A District Level Project Steering Committee (DLPSC) headed by the Concerned District

Commissioner (DC) has been established under the NKUSIP project vide GO: No N. A.

E. 45 PRJ 04 dated 18/06/04 for 21 towns. In addition to the functions of the committee,

Grievance redress was included as additional functions vide GO: No. N. A. E. 167 PRJ

05 dated 22/09/05 for the same towns and for the additional two towns of NKUSIP

Package II – Nippani and Ilkal, which were included. Later the DLPSC was established

along the function of grievance redress vide GO: No. N. A. E124 PRJ 2007, dated

29/11/07, hence a grievance redress mechanism is in place for the project.


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7. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

7.1 Findings

84. The proposed Investment Program components have less significant (direct/indirect)

environmental impacts. Water supply rehabilitation component has no significant

environmental issues and required mitigation measures have been suggested for the

component during construction and operation phases. Sewerage system improvement in

slums has certain environmental issues and required mitigation measures during

construction and operation phases have been provided. Urban drainage component in

slum has no significant environmental issues and the potential impacts of the

component during construction phase are negligible. The overall potential

environmental impacts of the Program components can be overcome by adopting

suggested mitigation measures. The implementation of the proposed Investment

program will create many beneficial impacts on Physical, Biological and Socio-

economic environment. The nature of the proposed project component, being

community upgrading, will fundamentally improve the overall urban environment. The

overall environmental benefits will outweigh any localized negative impacts.

85. The suitable Activity plans required for these construction and operation specific

impacts of all program components should be prepared by the ULB in association with

Program Consultants before construction phase and must be included in the Contract

Document. The Activity Plans based on identified mitigation measures include Sludge

Management and Disposal Plan (with reference to STP) and Health Risk Plan (with

reference to health of workers involved in Sewerage system and STP). CMC and

Contractors should implement these plans during program construction and operation

phases.

7.2 Recommendations

86. It is expected that the proposed project components have only minor, negative,

localized, temporary and less significant environmental impacts. These impacts can be

easily mitigated through adequate mitigation measures and regular monitoring during

the Design, Construction and Post Construction Phase of the project. It is recommended

that PMU should have monitoring responsibility in environmental issues of all program

components and to ensure the environmental sustenance of NKUSIP.


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8. CONCLUSIONS

87. The Investment program emphasizes the importance of conducting an IEE to identify

environmental considerations during project component - site identification, design, and

feasibility analysis. The findings and recommendations enriched the engineering

designs to incorporate simple mitigation measures such as dust suppression, timing of

heavy equipment operation to avoid disturbances due to noise, proper handling of

domestic wastewater and its re-use for irrigation purposes, and traditional construction

practices that overlook these mundane impacts. The IEE also pointed out the need to

revise the engineering designs to avoid adverse environmental impacts, reducing

potential risk of erosion and groundwater contamination, among others.

88. The proposed Investment Program is beneficial to the environment and the society. The

project falls under the Category B of ADB's Guidelines. From this IEE, it can be

understood that this Investment Program is of small-scale and does not cause any

significant adverse environmental impacts and so a full scale EIA is not required. It is

recommended that project can be implemented with proper mitigation measures to

protect the environment. This IEE with the recommended institutional requirement and

environmental monitoring plan becomes the completed EIA. This IEE for the proposed

Investment Program meets all the required environmental criteria for subproject

selection in EARP. Present status of the project study recommends only IEE for

proposed project components. Therefore, no separate EIA is required.

APPENDICES


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APPENDIX 1: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECK LIST Country/Project Title: India/North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program Sector Division: Urban Development – Package II – Gokak CMC

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No Remarks A. Project Siting Is the project area…

• Densely populated? √

• Heavy with development activities? √

• Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive areas?

• Cultural heritage site √ • Protected Area √ • Wetland √ • Mangrove √ • Estuarine √ • Buffer zone of protected area √ • Special area for protecting biodiversity √ • Bay √

B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause…

• Pollution of raw water supply from upstream wastewater discharge from communities, industries, agriculture, and soil erosion runoff?

√ Pollution of raw water supply from upstream wastewater discharge is not expected. However, pollution due to soil erosion runoff is anticipated, as the river is flowing through agricultural areas.

• Impairment of historical/cultural monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites?

√

• Hazard of land subsidence caused by excessive ground water pumping?

√ There is no ground water exploitation for proposed water supply improvements.

• Social conflicts arising from displacement of communities?

√ There is no resettlement of people required for project implementation. Hence, no social conflicts expected with reference to dislocation/displacement.

Instructions: • This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is

to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.

• This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a

Regional Department. • This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social

dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.

• Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify

potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

WATER SUPPLY


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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No Remarks • Conflicts in abstraction of raw water for water

supply with other beneficial water uses for surface and ground waters?

√ The proposal includes only pumping of surplus water from Ghataprabha River to an impounding reservoir during monsoon. Therefore, there will be no possibility of reduction in availability of water in the river for any other uses throughout the year.

• Unsatisfactory raw water supply (e.g. excessive pathogens or mineral constituents)?

√ The existing water supply is supposed to continue.

• Delivery of unsafe water to distribution system? √ Up-gradation or maintenance aspects are not included in the proposal for water treatment plant. The treatment plant should be maintained by Gokak CMC to have the outlet quality meeting drinking water standards.

• Inadequate protection of intake works or wells, leading to pollution of water supply?

√ The existing intake well is in good condition. Therefore, there is no possibility for pollution due to inadequate protection of intake works/wells.

• Over pumping of ground water, leading to salinization and ground subsidence?

√ There is no ground water exploitation for proposed water supply improvements.

• Excessive algal growth in storage reservoir? √ Regular cleaning of storage reservoir must be ensured by Gokak CMC to avoid excessive algal growth.

• Increase in production of sewage beyond capabilities of community facilities?

√ The regular supply of 100 lpcd for the public will not result in excess sewage production. The proposed STP is designed to meet the sewage generated with 80 lpcd.

• Inadequate disposal of sludge from water treatment plants?

√ Altering of design/facilities for WTP is not included in the present proposal. Regular sludge removal from water treatment plants must be ensured by the CMC to meet standards of treated water.

• Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and treatment plants to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances and protect facilities?

√ Sufficient buffer zone/noise barrier is to be developed around pumping station to alleviate noise.

• Impairments associated with transmission lines and access roads?

√ Temporary impairments are anticipated along the new transmission line routes during construction stage. No new access roads are proposed.

• Health hazards arising from inadequate design of facilities for receiving, storing, and handling of chlorine and other hazardous chemicals.

√ No health hazards are expected because altering of design/facilities for water treatment plant is not included in the present proposal.

• Health and safety hazards to workers from the management of chlorine used for Disinfection and other contaminants?

√ Any Changes in operation of WTP are not included in the proposal. Gokak CMC must ensure proper safety practices/measures to workers in WTP.

• Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people?

√ There is no resettlement of people for project implementation.

• Social conflicts between construction workers from other areas and community workers?

√ The local labor force will be utilized by the contractor for construction activities and hence, there is no possibility for social conflict regarding employment opportunities during construction phase.

• Noise and dust from construction activities? √ It is suggested in EMP that all construction machineries used will comply with the noise standards as suggested by CPCB. Dust suppression must be done by sprinkling of water.

• Increased road traffic due to interference of construction activities?

√ The construction material transport will increase traffic within the city. Proper traffic management plan must be implemented to avoid conflict between public transport and construction material


KUIDFC iii SPAN

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No Remarks transport.

• Continuing soil erosion/silt runoff from construction operations?

√ The construction debris/excess soil generated at construction sites should be properly disposed to avoid erosion.

• Delivery of unsafe water due to poor O&M treatment processes (especially mud accumulations in filters) and inadequate chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring of chlorine residuals in distribution systems?

√ The present project does not involve any proposal for altering design/facilities/operation and maintenance in water treatment plant. Gokak CMC has to ensure efficiency of operation of water treatment plant.

• Delivery of water to distribution system, which is corrosive due to inadequate attention to feeding of corrective chemicals?

√ The present project does not involve any proposal for altering design/facilities/operation and maintenance in water treatment plant. Gokak CMC has to ensure the performance of Water Treatment Plant to avoid corrosion of distribution system with corrective chemicals.

• Accidental leakage of chlorine gas? √ The present project does not involve any proposal for altering design/facilities/operation in Water Treatment Plant.

• Excessive abstraction of water affecting downstream water users?

√ The present proposal involves abstraction of water from River Ghataprabha only during surplus months of monsoon; hence drawing of water will not have any impact on downstream water users.

• Competing uses of water? √ The present proposal involves abstraction of water from River Ghataprabha only during surplus months of monsoon, when there are no competing uses of water.

• Increased sewage flow due to increased water supply

√ The proposal is for ensuring regular water supply of 100 lpcd for the public, which will result in increased sewage generation. The proposed STP for the city is designed to meet the sewage generated with 80 lpcd.

• Increased volume of sullage (wastewater from cooking and washing) and sludge from wastewater treatment plant

√ The proposed STP for the city is designed to meet the sullage generated due to the project. Gokak CMC has to ensure that the sludge generated in STP is disposed off with safe disposal practices.

North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)

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