North American Power Quality Interest Group Workshop 2009 ...mydocs.epri.com/docs/PublicMeetingMaterials/0910/5... · Power Factor Control EMCP 3S3S.G./ Generator Dead Bus Load Shed/Load

Title: Power Quality of Emergency Stand-by Systems

Presenter: David Vennie and Ed MoseleyCompany: Caterpillar Inc. and Holt CATDate: October 25th, 2009

2009 North American Power Quality Interest Group Workshop

2 Copyright © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. PQIG 2009

Agenda

• Understanding your Stand-By Power Needs

• Sizing the Appropriate Stand-By Power System

• Developing a complete Systems Solution

• Appropriate Maintenance of the Equipment


Basic Power Quality Problems

Power failure

Voltage sag

Voltage surge

Undervoltage

Overvoltage

Line noise

Frequency variation

Switching transients

Harmonic distortion


Understanding Your Stand-By Power Needs

• Is Power Quality an Issue? • Can you afford to lose ALL Power for 10 seconds?• Do you need to back up the entire system?• Do you have Critical Loads?• Are you looking into Load Management or Peak Shaving?• Do you need to parallel to utility?• Do you need Multiple Units?


• Load Profile • Necessary Loads• Load Steps • Load Types on the System

– Does the facility have equipment requiring specific voltage and frequency limitations?

• Sizing Software

Sizing the Appropriate Back Up System


Load Profile

• What does your Load Profile look like?


Necessary Loads

• Is it necessary to back up the entire facility? • Can you split your loads up? • Do you have critical loads vs. non-critical loads?


Load Steps

• Load Stepping – Prioritization – Reduces Transients – Load Shedding Scheme

• Multi-Unit Timing – First to Rated

• First Load Step• Parallel • Second Load Step

– First to Rated • Parallel • One Large Load Step


Load Types

• Motors – DC motors, VFD’s, AC Motors, etc

• Lighting• UPS• Office Equipment• Machining Equipment


Sizing Software – load types and steps


Sizing Software - Generator Selection


Complete Systems Solution

• Generator Set • Automatic Transfer Switch • Switchgear• Uninterruptable Power Supply

(UPS) • Communications• Multi-Generator Solutions


Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS)

• Open / Closed Transition • Delayed Transition • Bypass Isolation • Service Entrance Rated • Low & Medium Voltage


Switchgear – Reliability

Redundant Ethernet

Remote Communications

ModBus

Generator 1 Generator 2 Generator 3

EMCP 3.S/3.SGGenerator Dead Bus

Load Shed/Load Add

Generator Demand Priority

Generator Setpoint Management

System Setpoint Management

System Measurements and Alarms

EMCP 3.S/3.SGEngine Control

Breaker ControlGen Power Measurement

Synchronization

Engine Protection

Generator ProtectionVoltage Control

Frequency Control

kW and kVAR Sharing Power Factor Control

EGP MASTER 3.S (EGP)Single or

Redundant Ethernet I/O

BECAUSE ANY CONTROLLER CAN BE THEMASTER, THE CONTROL SYSTEM WILL ALWAYS HAVE A MASTER CONTROLLER

EMCP 3.S (EGP)Breaker Control

Gen Power MeasurementSynchronization

Engine ProtectionGenerator Protection

Voltage ControlFrequency Control

kW and kVAR Sharing

Power Factor Control

EMCP 3.S/3.SGGenerator Dead Bus

Load Shed/Load Add

Generator Demand Priority

Generator Setpoint Management

System Setpoint Management

EMCP 3.S/3.SGEngine Control

Breaker ControlGen Power Measurement

Synchronization

Engine Protection

Generator ProtectionVoltage Control

Frequency Control

kW and kVAR Sharing Power Factor Control

EGP MASTER 3.S (EGP)

System Measurements and Alarms

EMCP 3.S (EGP)Breaker Control

Gen Power MeasurementSynchronization

Engine ProtectionGenerator Protection

Voltage ControlFrequency Control

kW and kVAR Sharing

Power Factor Control

Touch screen

ATS


Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS)

Flywheel UPSBattery UPS


Multi-Generator Solutions

• When to Use Multiple Generators– Redundancy – Significant Load Variation

• Synchronization– Frequency– Voltage – Phase

• Load Control – Acceptance/Shedding Order– Unit Starting Stopping Order– Unit Synchronization Order


Completely Integrated Communications System

Redundant Ethernet

Single or Redundant Ethernet I/O

ModBus

Remote Monitoring Software

EMCP 3.S Utility / Tie

Breaker Control

ATS UPS

ModBus

EMCP 3.S Generator Paralleling

Control

Switchgear Touchscreen

Switchgear Touchscreen

Processor

Annunciator Genset Temperature Monitoring

Voltage Regulator

ADEM IV Engine Controller

EMCP 3

Generator Set Controller

Discrete I/O Module


Appropriate Maintenance of Equipment

• Guarantee Reliable Power/ Quality is always there– Generator is the only line of defense when your facility loses

power– A Scheduled Maintenance Program will ensure reliability

• Checking/ Changing Filters– Fuel/ Air/ Oil – Scheduled Fluid Change

• Load Capability – Exercise 30% Nameplate Rating monthly

• ATS Maintenance – Clean and test functionality of components

North American Power Quality Interest Group Workshop 2009 ...mydocs.epri.com/docs/PublicMeetingMaterials/0910/5... · Power Factor Control EMCP 3S3S.G./ Generator Dead Bus Load Shed/Load

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