This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
1. Identification of Potential Sources of Public Exposure
2.Adequately Derived and Documented Criteria to Limit Public Exposure
1. Identification of Components Requiring Formal Quality Assurance
2. Identification of Applicable Standards
3.Adequate Appraisal Regimes
1.Effective Control of Doses and Intakes
2.Adequate Control Standards
3.Effective Surveillance
1. Identification Potential Accident Situations
2.Evaluation Unidentified Accident Situations
3.Preparation Contingency Plans
4.Exercise Contingency Plans
5.Periodic Review Emergency Plans
ad 1) adequate corporate/site structure, seniority safety management, safety independent of production
ad 2) production/safety: publish policies, clear organisation chart
ad 3) production/safety: competent staff, adequate facilities
ad 4) training, appraisal ratings include safety performance
ad 1) documented qualification requirements for all levels, minimum age requirements, identified and documented medical requirements
ad 2) formal review training requirements, documented training objectives, adequate scope of training programme, induction training to rectify deficiencies
ad 1) adequate control of source, provision of physical barriers, provision of administrative controls
ad 2) adequately derived standards, adequately documented standards, pre-determined reference and action levels
ad 3) adequate monitoring of workplace, appropriate personal dosimetry, assessment of results and data of occupational radiation control
ad 1) adequate control of public doses due to > accident situations, > routine releases,
> transport of radioactive materials, > radioactive waste
G. Jonkers, GSEA/4 at SRTCAP.O. Box 38000, 1030 BN Amsterdam
1960 1970 1980 1990
Safety
Assurance
Past Present TRENDS
Safety engineers / officers Line management responsibility supported by safety (HSE) advisers Reaction to accidents Prevention of accidents Accidents accepted Accidents can severely erode the reputation/results of the Company Prescriptive rules Goal setting rules risk based Safety was a side issue HSE is a core issue
G. Jonkers, GSEA/4 at SRTCAP.O. Box 38000, 1030 BN Amsterdam
Leadership & Commitment
Specific requirements for (E&P) NORM (draft)
Company Management shall ensure that extracted natural resources (e.g. Oil, Gas, Tar sands, Coal) are evaluated on NORM contents and that methods to reduce production are considered.
All persons that can potentially be exposed to NORM shall be informed.
Site owner shall assess the risk of NORM contained in feedstock or purchased materials based on extracted natural resources and minimize the quantities imported.
Site owner shall check and have an inventory of accumulations of NORM in company and contractor equipment.
Management to make sure that a qualified person is assigned to advice on dealing with the NORM. Accountability for managing NORM rests with site management.
Receivers of products and waste streams from contaminated installations shall be made aware of the NORM contents.
Company and contractor organisations maintaining or demolishing the installations shall be made aware of contaminations and the correct disposal route.
Emergency response plans shall deal with the reputation aspects of inadvertent handover or disposal of NORM containing product, equipment or waste
G. Jonkers, GSEA/4 at SRTCAP.O. Box 38000, 1030 BN Amsterdam
TARGET Reducing both External and Internal Dose by Naturally Occurring Radionuclides in Deposits (NORM ) from former Gas/Oil Production Activities to an Acceptable Level for Future Inhabitants
Ingestion Determine amount of radioactivity entering food chain.
TARGET Reducing both External and Internal Dose by Naturally Occurring Radionuclides in Deposits (NORM ) from former Gas/Oil Production Activities to an Acceptable Level for Future Inhabitants
Ingestion Determine amount of radioactivity entering food chain.
G. Jonkers, GSEA/4 at SRTCAP.O. Box 38000, 1030 BN Amsterdam
Review & Corrective Actions
Dose records and/or dose assessments, NORM surveys, NORM analysis results, NORM production (notification & licensing?) should be reviewed regularly by the Radiation
Advisory Committee defining Corrective Actions for Improvement
“MAINTENANCE” NORM (external/contamination) readings ad hoc
NORM contaminated: take external and contamination readings for open tanks/vessels, working hours, asses dose, Waste Storage
NORM suspect: take external and contamination readings for open tanks/vessels, record working times, take ‘representative’ sample Analyse for final classification of waste: normal / NORM