NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION. TOPICS Clothes and Color Clothes and Color Design,Movable Objects and Lighting, Design,Movable Objects and Lighting, Seating,

NONVERBAL NONVERBAL COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

TOPICSTOPICS Clothes and ColorClothes and Color Design,Movable Objects and Lighting,Design,Movable Objects and Lighting, Seating, Seating, Space,Space, Silence and Vocal Cues,Silence and Vocal Cues, Material,Material, Touch,Touch, Time,Time, Differences Between Men & Women in NVC,Differences Between Men & Women in NVC, Cultural Differences in NVC,Cultural Differences in NVC, NVC in Job Interviews.NVC in Job Interviews.

CLOTHESCLOTHES

““Do clothes communicate?Do clothes communicate?””

Clothes aClothes are re important to firstimportant to first impressions.impressions.

FemalesFemales

MalesMales

Clothes (same & opposite-sexed partners)

Clothes (same-sexed partners)

Figure and face(opposite-sexed partners)

People adorn themselves with a number of People adorn themselves with a number of other artifacts such asother artifacts such as;;

BadgesBadgesTattoosTattoos MasksMasksEarringsEarringsJJewelryewelry

CLOTHES (cont.)CLOTHES (cont.)

Colors can affect human behavior.

There is a big impact of colors on mental growth and social relations.

The most pleasant hues blue, green, purple, yellow, red.

The most arousing hues red, orange, yellow, violet, blue, green.

COLORSCOLORS & & MOODS MOODS

Distressed/UpsetDefiant/Hostile

Secure/ComfortableCalm/Peaceful

Unhappy/Melancholy

Cheerful/Joyful

Calm/Peaceful

Protective/DefendingUnhappy/Melancholy

Powerful/Strong

Protective/DefendingDignified/Stately

Exciting/Stimulating

COLORSCOLORS & & MOODS MOODS (cont.)(cont.)

DESIGN INDESIGN INNEGOTIATION ROOMNEGOTIATION ROOM

Fixed-featureFixed-feature refers to space refers to space organized by unmoving boundaries organized by unmoving boundaries (rooms of houses)(rooms of houses)..

Semifixed-featureSemifixed-feature refers to the refers to the arrangement of movable objects arrangement of movable objects such as tables or chairs.such as tables or chairs.

DESIGN (cont.)DESIGN (cont.)

Sometimes we get very definite person orSometimes we get very definite person or couple-related messages from home couple-related messages from home environments.environments.

Ugly roomUgly room

Beautiful roomBeautiful room

monotony, fatigue, headache, discontent, sleep, irritability,hostility.

pleasure, comfort, enjoyment, importance, energy.

LIGHTING INLIGHTING INNEGOTIATION ROOMNEGOTIATION ROOM

Lighting helps to structure our perceptions Lighting helps to structure our perceptions of an environment, and these perceptions of an environment, and these perceptions also may influence the type of messages also may influence the type of messages we send.we send.

The absence of light seems to be a central The absence of light seems to be a central problem for people who suffer from problem for people who suffer from “seasonal affective disorder”“seasonal affective disorder” a form of a form of depression particularly acute in winter depression particularly acute in winter months.months.

MOVABLE OBJECTS AND MOVABLE OBJECTS AND SEATINGSEATING

The arrangement of certain objects in our The arrangement of certain objects in our environment can help structure environment can help structure communication.communication.

Employees often use objects to personalize Employees often use objects to personalize their offices.their offices.

The arrangement of other items of furniture The arrangement of other items of furniture can facilitate or inhibit communication. can facilitate or inhibit communication.

Seating Seating BBehaviorsehaviors

1.1. LeadershipLeadership:: At the head or foot of At the head or foot of the table.the table.

XX XX

Seating Seating BBehaviorsehaviors (cont.) (cont.)

2. 2. Dominance:Dominance:

2 3 4 2 3 4

1, 3, and 5 are frequent talkers, dominant personalities

2 and 4 are anxious and actually stated they wanted to stay out of the discussion. 1,3, and 5 also were considered to be positions of leadership but of a different type, depending on the position.

1 and 5 attracted the task-oriented leader, the middle position attracted a socioemotional leader-one concerned about group relationships.

The most likely conversation is between 4-5 and 1-2.

The other main conversations will occur between 2 and 3, 3 and 4. 4 and 5 are twice as likely to talk to each other as 3 and 4.

11 55


33.. Task: Task:

Conversion:Conversion:

Cooperation:Cooperation:

Coaction:Coaction:

Competition:Competition:

X

X

Sitting and chatting for a few Sitting and chatting for a few minutes before class.minutes before class.

X

X

XX

X

X

Sitting and studying Sitting and studying together for the same together for the same exam.exam.

Sitting studying for different Sitting studying for different exams.exams.

Sitting face to face across a Sitting face to face across a tabletable..


44.. Sex and Acquaintance: Sex and Acquaintance:

In the bar, corner seating for the same-sex In the bar, corner seating for the same-sex friends and casual friends of the opposite sex.friends and casual friends of the opposite sex.

Intimate friends appear to desire side-by-side Intimate friends appear to desire side-by-side seating.seating.

In a restaurant everyone choose opposite seating.In a restaurant everyone choose opposite seating.

X

X

XX

X

X

“sitting with your boy or girlfriend.”

High-PositiveHigh-PositiveMotivationMotivation

High-NegativeHigh-NegativeMotivationMotivation

““sitting with sitting with someone you do not someone you do not like very much and like very much and do not wish to talk do not wish to talk to.”to.”

5.5. MotivationMotivation::

Seating Seating BBehaviorsehaviors (cont.)(cont.)

5. 5. MotivationMotivation (cont.) (cont.)

•As motivation increaseAs motivation increasess, persons want to sit , persons want to sit closer or to have more eye contact.closer or to have more eye contact.

•When the motivation When the motivation isis affiliative, the choice affiliative, the choice isis sit closer, sit closer,

•WWhen the motivation hen the motivation isis competitive, the competitive, the choice choice isis one that one that willwill allow more eye contact. allow more eye contact.

66.. Introversion Introversion -- Extraversion:Extraversion:

Extraverts choose to sit opposite (either across the table or down the length of it).

Introverts choose positions that would keep them more at a distance, visually and physically.


NEGOTIATION TABLENEGOTIATION TABLE

ItIt is a typical configuration for contract is a typical configuration for contract negotiations. The two parties sit together to negotiations. The two parties sit together to indicate and foster unity. Each team is on a indicate and foster unity. Each team is on a different side of the table and the teams are different side of the table and the teams are facing each other so each team member can facing each other so each team member can clearly hear what anyone on the other team clearly hear what anyone on the other team has to say. has to say.

This table may tend to give one party an advantage over the other because the arrangement suggests only one important person, the person at the end of the vertical extension.

This table shows a need for space between the two parities. That space could mean more formality or less trust.

This table may be the most conducive to win/win negotiations because the round shape is usually associated with equality.

SPACESPACE

Each of you has a “Each of you has a “personal spacepersonal space””,, a sort of invisible bubble around you, a sort of invisible bubble around you, which you feel is yours and which which you feel is yours and which you do not like to see intruded upon you do not like to see intruded upon without express permission.without express permission.

SPACESPACE (cont.) (cont.)

TThree major interpersonalhree major interpersonal distancedistances ares are ““intimateintimate””,, “ “socialsocial” and “” and “publicpublic””..

SPACESPACE (cont.) (cont.)

Interpersonal distanceInterpersonal distance is one of the ways is one of the ways you have to express feelings. You tend to you have to express feelings. You tend to move closer to people you like and away move closer to people you like and away from people you do not, if you have a from people you do not, if you have a choice.choice.

SILENCESILENCESilence is another form of communication that

can make a situation awkward if used.

Silence occurs when;Silence occurs when;

1.1.YYou are terribly angry, frustratedou are terribly angry, frustrated..2.2.YYou are attentively listening toou are attentively listening to something. something.3.3.YYou listen but are boredou listen but are bored..4.4.YYou cannot think of a thing to sayou cannot think of a thing to say..5.5.YYou are thinking about a point made by ou are thinking about a point made by

speaker.speaker.6.6.YYou do not understand what the speaker said.ou do not understand what the speaker said.7.7.There is no more to be said on the matterThere is no more to be said on the matter..8.8.DDo not need to say anythingo not need to say anything..

THE EFFECTS OF VOCAL THE EFFECTS OF VOCAL CUESCUES

Vocal behaviorVocal behavior deals with deals with howhow something is said, not something is said, not whatwhat is said. is said.

ProsodyProsody is the word used to describe is the word used to describe all the variations in the voice that all the variations in the voice that accompany speech and help to accompany speech and help to convey its meaning.convey its meaning.

He’sHe’s giving this money to Herbie. ( giving this money to Herbie. (He’sHe’s the one giving the money, nobody else.)the one giving the money, nobody else.)

He’s He’s givinggiving this money to Herbie. (He’s this money to Herbie. (He’s givinggiving,, not lending, the money.) not lending, the money.)

He’s giving He’s giving thisthis money to Herbie. (The money to Herbie. (The money being exchanged is not from money being exchanged is not from another fund or source; it is another fund or source; it is thisthis money.) money.)

He’s giving thisHe’s giving this money money to Herbie. ( to Herbie. (MoneyMoney is the unit of exchange, not a chech or is the unit of exchange, not a chech or wampum.)wampum.)

He’s giving this money to He’s giving this money to HerbieHerbie.. (This (This recipient is recipient is HerbieHerbie, not Eric or Bill or Rod), not Eric or Bill or Rod)

MATERIAL USAGE IN MATERIAL USAGE IN NONVERBAL COMMUNICATIONNONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

givgivinging a message that you a message that you are making an importantare making an important explanation.explanation.

threat to the person in front of you. threat to the person in front of you.

distracting yourself and trying to gain time.

the subject is over.

make people intellectualopenness and honestyopenness and honestynot respect younot respect you

Hanging it on your neck makes you serious and charismatic.Playing with eyeglasses means you are bored.

Pipe makes the user Pipe makes the user DOMINANTDOMINANT in his/her speech. in his/her speech.

Blowing a cigarette upper means you are comfortable and powerful.Blowing it lower means you are bored and anxious.

Rosettes, riggings show that you are belonging a group.

Playing with your tie means you are interested in the opposite sex.

Playing with notebook, paper etc. means you are bored.

TOUCHTOUCHTouching is so important in the healthy Touching is so important in the healthy development of human life. development of human life.

TOUCHTOUCHTouching is a powerful communicative Touching is a powerful communicative tooltool and serves to express a and serves to express a tremendous range of feelingstremendous range of feelings, such as;, such as;

FearFearLoveLoveAnxietyAnxietyWarmthWarmthColdnessColdness

Sometimes touching may elicit Sometimes touching may elicit negative reactions depending on the negative reactions depending on the configuration of people and configuration of people and circumstancescircumstances..Sometimes people get tense, anxious, Sometimes people get tense, anxious, and/or uncomfortable when touched.and/or uncomfortable when touched.

Who Touches Whom, Who Touches Whom, Where, and How Much?Where, and How Much?

The amount and kind of contact in The amount and kind of contact in adulthood vary considerably withadulthood vary considerably with•AgeAge•SexSex•SituationSituation•RRelationship of the parties involved.elationship of the parties involved.

Easy to touchEasy to touch

Hard to touchHard to touch

WeWe can say that people may be more likely to can say that people may be more likely to touch when;touch when;

1.1.Giving information or advice rather than Giving information or advice rather than askingasking for itfor it

2.2. Giving an order rather than responding to itGiving an order rather than responding to it

3.3. Asking a favor rather than agreeing to do Asking a favor rather than agreeing to do oneone

4.4.Trying to persuade rather than being Trying to persuade rather than being persuadedpersuaded

5. 5. The conversation is deep rather than casualThe conversation is deep rather than casual

6. 6. At a party rather than at workAt a party rather than at work

7. 7. Communicating excitement rather than Communicating excitement rather than receiving it from anotherreceiving it from another

8. 8. Receiving messages of worry from another Receiving messages of worry from another rather than sending such messagesrather than sending such messages

Types of TouchTypes of Touch The Handshake. The Handshake. The Body-Guide. The Body-Guide. The Pat. The Pat. The Arm-Link. The Arm-Link. The Shoulder The Shoulder

Embrace. Embrace. The Full Embrace. The Full Embrace. The Hand-in-Hand. The Hand-in-Hand. The Waist Embrace. The Waist Embrace. The Kiss. The Kiss. The Hand-to-Head. The Hand-to-Head. The Head-to-Head. The Head-to-Head. The Caress. The Caress. The Body Support. The Body Support. The Mock-Attack.The Mock-Attack.

SELF-TOUCHINGSELF-TOUCHING

Some of self-touching behaviors are Some of self-touching behaviors are behavioral adaptations we make in behavioral adaptations we make in response to certain learning situationsresponse to certain learning situations..

A number of studies have indicated A number of studies have indicated that self-touching is associated with that self-touching is associated with situational anxiety or stress.situational anxiety or stress.

Another source of body-focused Another source of body-focused movements is cognitive (informationmovements is cognitive (information--processing) demand.processing) demand.

SELF-TOUCHINGSELF-TOUCHING

REDRED

GREENGREEN

YELLOWYELLOW

BLUEBLUE

TIMETIMEAt first, TIME may seem an intangible thing but time is almost treated as a THING;

You gain time, waste it, spent it, save it, give it and take it.

Time is precious, time speaks…

Time influences our perceptions of people;

For example;

responsible people are “on time”

boring people talk “too long”

We perceive time in four different types:

1. Time as Location“I don’t like eating dinner at 10 p.m.”

2. Time as DurationAn activity can be perceived as boring and we perceive

we have been there “forever”.

3. Time as Intervals“It’s been too long since I’ve seen you”

4. Time as Patterns of IntervalsIt determines our social rhythm – the

regularity/irregularity of our lifes, our behaviors and routines.

Men&Women in NonverbalMen&Women in NonverbalCommunicationCommunication

Are Men from Mars and Women from Venus?

A WomanA Woman……

speak an average of 8,000 speak an average of 8,000 wordswords a day. a day.

2,000 2,000 vocal soundsvocal sounds,, 10,000 10,000 facial expressionsfacial expressions, and other , and other body body

language signalslanguage signals. .

This gives her a daily average of more than This gives her a daily average of more than 20,00020,000 communications communications

A Man…A Man…

uses just 4,000 uses just 4,000 wordswords

1,000 1,000 vocal soundsvocal sounds

makes a mere 2,000 makes a mere 2,000 body language body language

signalssignals

His daily average adds up to around His daily average adds up to around 7,0007,000 communications.communications.

Women's nonverbal behavior is used to Women's nonverbal behavior is used to make make personal connectionspersonal connections. .

While men's nonverbal communication tends While men's nonverbal communication tends to parallel behaviors associated with to parallel behaviors associated with dominance and power.dominance and power.

KINESICS - body movementKINESICS - body movement

use facial expression a lot to send and use facial expression a lot to send and receive messagesreceive messages

use less and more restrained gestures use less and more restrained gestures

posture is more tense posture is more tense

attracted to those who smile moreattracted to those who smile more

KINESICS - body movement KINESICS - body movement (cont.)(cont.)

don't send or receive facial don't send or receive facial expressions as much expressions as much

use gestures more use gestures more

posture is more relaxedposture is more relaxed

more likely to interrupt speakers more likely to interrupt speakers who are smilingwho are smiling

Male and Female PosturesMale and Female Postures

Males show a dominant behaviour and body posture (staring, taking more space, legs apart, hands on hips)

FemalesFemales show a submissive behaviour and body show a submissive behaviour and body posture (lowering eyes, knees together). posture (lowering eyes, knees together).

Male and Female Postures Male and Female Postures (cont.)(cont.)

OCULESICS - eye OCULESICS - eye contact,gazecontact,gaze

Females;Females;

rarely stare rarely stare engage in more eye contact while engage in more eye contact while

conversating conversating generally the first to avert eyes on generally the first to avert eyes on

initial gazeinitial gaze

OCULESICS - eye OCULESICS - eye contact,gazecontact,gaze

(cont.)(cont.)

Males;Males;stare to challenge power or status stare to challenge power or status generally don't make as much eye generally don't make as much eye

contact contact generally maintain initial gaze until generally maintain initial gaze until

other party averts eyesother party averts eyes

HAPTICS - touch and the HAPTICS - touch and the use of ituse of it

FemalesFemales;;

touched more than males touched more than males touched more gently touched more gently touched mostly by men touched mostly by men initiate more hugging and initiate more hugging and

touching that expresses support, touching that expresses support, affection, comfortaffection, comfort

HAPTICS - touch and the HAPTICS - touch and the use of it (cont.)use of it (cont.)

MalesMales;;

touched less than females touched less than females touched more harshly touched more harshly initiate touch towards females initiate touch towards females

more more use touch to direct, assert power, use touch to direct, assert power,

express sexual interestexpress sexual interest

PROXEMICS - space and the PROXEMICS - space and the use of ituse of it

FemalesFemales;;

tend to approach others tend to approach others closercloser

prefer side by side prefer side by side interactioninteraction

PROXEMICS - space and the PROXEMICS - space and the use of it (cont.)use of it (cont.)

MalesMales;;

use more personal space use more personal space

prefer face to face prefer face to face conversationconversation

the same nonverbal signal can mean the same nonverbal signal can mean different things to different people in different things to different people in different cultures,different cultures,

multiple nonverbal cues are sent in each multiple nonverbal cues are sent in each interaction, thereby creating interpretive interaction, thereby creating interpretive ambiguities,ambiguities,

Nonverbal messages can create intercultural friction and confusion because;

Cultural Differences in Cultural Differences in Nonverbal CommunicationNonverbal Communication

Cultural value tendenciesCultural value tendencies

individualism-collectivism individualism-collectivism high-low context high-low context power distancepower distance

Collectivist and Individulist Collectivist and Individulist CulturesCultures

Individualist culturesemphasize personal achievement

U.S

Sweden

Netherlands

Collectivist and Individulist Collectivist and Individulist CulturesCultures (cont.) (cont.)

Argentina

Japan

Mexico

Collectivist culturesemphasize family and work group goals.

individualistsindividualists tend to be more concerned tend to be more concerned with expressing and repairing self-focused with expressing and repairing self-focused emotions (e.g., personal anger, frustration, emotions (e.g., personal anger, frustration, or resentment) or resentment)

collectivistscollectivists generally are more concerned generally are more concerned with other-focused emotions (e.g., with other-focused emotions (e.g., relational shame, hurt, or embarrassment) relational shame, hurt, or embarrassment)

Collectivist and Individulist Collectivist and Individulist CulturesCultures (cont.) (cont.)

High and Low Context CulturesHigh and Low Context Cultures

Low–contextLow–context cultures tend to be more sensitive to a cultures tend to be more sensitive to a person's values, attitudes or dispositional characteristics, person's values, attitudes or dispositional characteristics, and attribute behavior to their individuality and and attribute behavior to their individuality and personalitypersonality..

High–contextHigh–context communication and cultures are highly communication and cultures are highly sensitive to situational and context features of sensitive to situational and context features of communication .communication .

Low–contextLow–context cultures are less aware of cultures are less aware of nonverbal cues, environment, and situation nonverbal cues, environment, and situation

High contextHigh context cultures are all take into account cultures are all take into account environment, situation, nonverbal environment, situation, nonverbal messages, gestures, moodmessages, gestures, mood

High and Low Context High and Low Context CulturesCultures (cont.) (cont.)

Large and Small Power Large and Small Power Distance CulturesDistance Cultures

Small power distanceSmall power distance cultures (e.g., cultures (e.g., Australia and Canada) tend to use Australia and Canada) tend to use nonverbal emotional cues to establish nonverbal emotional cues to establish equal-status relationships.equal-status relationships.

Large power distanceLarge power distance cultures (e.g., in many cultures (e.g., in many Latin and Middle Eastern cultures) tend to Latin and Middle Eastern cultures) tend to use nonverbal emotional cues (e.g., the use nonverbal emotional cues (e.g., the proper tone of voice) to signify proper tone of voice) to signify asymmetrical-status relationshipsasymmetrical-status relationships

Different Nonverbal Cues in Different Nonverbal Cues in Different CulturesDifferent Cultures

Facial Expressions

Proximity

Haptics

Silence

Kinesics

Greetings

Beckoning

Facial ExpressionsFacial Expressions

Basic facial emotions that are decoding Basic facial emotions that are decoding universally:universally:

anger, anger, disgust, disgust, fear, fear, happiness, happiness, sadness, and sadness, and surprisesurprise

In many In many European and AmericanEuropean and American cultures, cultures,

people who are unable to maintain eye people who are unable to maintain eye contact during a conversation are often contact during a conversation are often looked upon as untrustworthy or rude. looked upon as untrustworthy or rude.

In many In many Asian and AfricanAsian and African cultures it is cultures it is considered disrespectful to look an elder or considered disrespectful to look an elder or authority figure in the eyes during a authority figure in the eyes during a conversation conversation

Facial Expressions Facial Expressions (cont.)(cont.)

Eye-contact;

Within the most Within the most EuropeanEuropean culture, a smile culture, a smile can mean joy or happiness can mean joy or happiness

In the In the JapaneseJapanese culture, it can also be used culture, it can also be used to mask embarrassment, hide displeasure, to mask embarrassment, hide displeasure, or suppress anger. or suppress anger.

In In RussiaRussia, it reflects relaxation and progress , it reflects relaxation and progress in developing a good relationship. in developing a good relationship.


Smiles;

Many Many Southern EuropeanSouthern European cultures (e.g., cultures (e.g., Greece and Italy) and Greece and Italy) and ArabArab cultures tend to cultures tend to value an emotionally engaged, expressive value an emotionally engaged, expressive tone of voice, tone of voice,

Many Many East and Southeast AsianEast and Southeast Asian cultures cultures (e.g., Malaysia and Thailand) tend to value a (e.g., Malaysia and Thailand) tend to value a moderating, soft tone of voice. moderating, soft tone of voice.


Voice;

ProximityProximity (space) (space)

For For AmericansAmericans, standing very , standing very close to speak with someone is close to speak with someone is looked at as rude and can looked at as rude and can create a very awkward or create a very awkward or uncomfortable feeling for many uncomfortable feeling for many of them. of them.

In Asia and the Middle EastAsia and the Middle East, people tend to stand or sit closer to one another while talking, and think nothing of their proximity to each other

HapticsHaptics (touching) (touching)

While While ChineseChinese views opposite-sex handshakes views opposite-sex handshakes acceptable, acceptable, Malays and ArabsMalays and Arabs view contact by view contact by opposite-sex handshakes as tabooopposite-sex handshakes as taboo

The friendly full embrace between males in The friendly full embrace between males in much more acceptable in many much more acceptable in many Latin AmericanLatin American cultures than in cultures than in Britain or the United StatesBritain or the United States

Don’t touchDon’t touch TouchTouch Middle GroundMiddle Ground

HapticsHaptics (touching) (touching)(cont.)(cont.)

Japan

U.S.&Canada

England

Scandinavia

Australia

Estonia

Middle East Countries

Latin Countries

Italy

Greece

Spain&Portugual

Russia

France

China

Ireland

India

SilenceSilence

In many cultures, people are more comfortable with longer pauses or periods of silence.

In the U.S., long pauses can become uncomfortable or may be indicative of that fact that someone is upset or choosing to ignore what has been said in the conversation.

KinesicsKinesics-hand gestures, body -hand gestures, body posturespostures

"Gestures are a silent language "Gestures are a silent language unique to every society."unique to every society."

Hand GesturesHand Gestures

“OK” to U.S. Americans and most of Europeans

“money” to the Japanese

a sexual insult in Brazil and Greece a vulgar gesture in Russia “zero” in French.

The "V Sign", commonly known as "Victory"

However, in Britain the “V” sign connotes an insult.

Hand Gestures (cont.)Hand Gestures (cont.)

In In Canada and the United States, it , it signifies approval or signifies approval or encouragementencouragement

It is offensive throughout the It is offensive throughout the Arab

world (e.g., in Egypt and Kuwait)world (e.g., in Egypt and Kuwait) In In Japan it signifies “five” it signifies “five” In In Germany it is the signal for “one” it is the signal for “one”


In Italy this gesture has a vulgar meaning

In Brazil and Venezuela, the same gesture is considered a good luck sign toward off evil.


GreetingsGreetings

“namaste” It also means “thank you” It also means “thank you”

and “I’m sorry”. and “I’m sorry”.

India

Japan

This bow is used to communicate respect when expressing gratitude or an apology.

Greetins (cont.)Greetins (cont.)

The Maori tribespeople in New Zealand choose to greet each other with a gesture that shows closeness and friendship:

“They rub noses”

New Zealand

“abrazo”

Most North Americans, Nothern Europeans find any such touching or hugging very uncomfortable.

Latin America

BeckoningBeckoning

In the In the U.S., it is the common it is the common gesture for getting someone’s gesture for getting someone’s attentionattention

In In Japan, pointing the finger at , pointing the finger at

anyone is considered impoliteanyone is considered impolite In In Germany, the signal means , the signal means

“two” “two”

In some In some American countries, countries, it is used for beckoningit is used for beckoning

In In Yugoslavia and Malaysia, , that gesture is used only for that gesture is used only for calling animals.calling animals.

BeckoningBeckoning (cont.) (cont.)

Most of Europe and Latin American countries prefer this gesture for signaling “come over here”

North Americans consider it uncomfortable, effeminate, or puzzling.

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION IN JOB INTERVİEWSIN JOB INTERVİEWS

Body language 55%

PParalanguage or the intonationaralanguage or the intonation 38%38%

The verbal content only 7%

Nonverbal Communication During the Interview

1.1.Make eye contact with the interviewer for a few Make eye contact with the interviewer for a few seconds at a time.seconds at a time.

2.2.Smile and nod (at appropriate times) when the Smile and nod (at appropriate times) when the interviewer is talking, but, don't overdo it. Don't interviewer is talking, but, don't overdo it. Don't laugh unless the interviewer does first.laugh unless the interviewer does first.

3.3.Be polite and keep an even tone to your Be polite and keep an even tone to your speechspeech. D. Don't be too loud or too quiet.on't be too loud or too quiet.

4.4.Don't slouch.Don't slouch.

5.5.Do relax and lean forward a little towards the Do relax and lean forward a little towards the interviewer so you appear interested and interviewer so you appear interested and engaged.engaged.

6.6.Don't lean back. You will look too casual and Don't lean back. You will look too casual and relaxed.relaxed.

7.7.Keep your feet on the floor and your back Keep your feet on the floor and your back against the lower back of the chair.against the lower back of the chair.

8.8.Pay attention, be attentive and interested.Pay attention, be attentive and interested.

9.9.Listen.Listen.

10.10.Don't interrupt.Don't interrupt.

11.Stay calm. Even if you had a bad experience at a previous position or were fired, keep your emotions to yourself and do not show anger or frown.

12.Not sure what to do with your hands? Hold a pen and your notepad or rest an arm on the chair or on your lap, so you look comfortable. Don't let your arms fly around the room when you're making a point.

How to Dress for an How to Dress for an InterviewInterview??

Men's Interview Attire•Suit (solid color - navy or dark grey) •Long sleeve shirt (white or coordinated with the suit) •Belt •Tie •Dark socks, conservative leather shoes •Little or no jewelry •Neat, professional hairstyle •Limit the aftershave •Neatly trimmed nails

How to Dress for an How to Dress for an InterviewInterview??

Women's Interview Attire•Suit (navy, black or dark grey) •The suit skirt should be long enough so you can sit down comfortably •Coordinated blouse •Conservative shoes •Limited jewelry (no dangling earrings or arms full of bracelets) •Professional hairstyle •Neutral pantyhose •Light make-up and perfume •Neatly manicured clean nails

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION. TOPICS Clothes and Color Clothes and Color Design,Movable Objects and Lighting, Design,Movable Objects and Lighting, Seating,

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