Nombre Clase Fecha - Maestra McCormickModelo: la frutería / cerrar / vacaciones La frutería está cerrada por vacaciones. 1. la bombonería / abrir / hasta las ocho de la noche 2.
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Did You Get It? Presentación de gramática Level 3 p. 337
¡AVANZA! Goal: Learn about the formation and use of past participles as adjectives.
Past participles as adjectives
• Read and study the following sentences, paying attention to the boldfaced words.
El buzón está arreglado. La casa está pintada.(The mailbox is fi xed.) (The house is painted.)
Los buzones están arreglados. Las casas están pintadas.(The mailboxes are fi xed.) (The houses are painted.)
EXPLANATION: Each boldfaced word is a past participle used as an adjective. In English, the past participle usually ends with -ed and is often used with the verb to be. In Spanish, you form the past participle of regular verbs by dropping the infi nitive ending and adding -ado, -ada, -ados, or -adas to -ar verbs, and -ido, -ida, -idos, or -idas to -er and -ir verbs. When the past participle is used as an adjective, it must agree in gender and number with the noun or pronoun it describes.
• Read and study the following sentences.
El buzón está roto. (The mailbox is broken.)
Las puertas están abiertas. (The doors are open.)
La carta está escrita. (The letter is written.)
El problema está resuelto. (The problem is solved.)
EXPLANATION: Some verbs have irregular past participles and must be memorized. Read and study the list below.
Infi nitive Past Participle Infi nitive Past Participle
• Remember that object pronouns answer the question whom? or what? after the verb. Unlike in English, direct object pronouns in Spanish are placed directly before a conjugated verb. Read the following sentence to review the concept.
Yo traigo el pan. Yo lo traigo.(I’m bringing the bread.) (I’m bringing it.)
Álex compra la fruta. Álex la compra.(Álex is buying the fruit.) (Álex is buying it.)
Ana ve a Julia. Ana la ve.(Ana sees Julia.) (Ana sees her.)
Tú esperas a tus amigos. Tú los esperas.(You wait for your friends.) (You wait for them.)
Práctica
1 Answer each question using a direct object pronoun in place of the underlined noun. Follow the model.
Modelo: ¿Tocaste el timbre? Sí, lo toqué.
1. ¿Sacaste el pan del horno?
2. ¿Puso Pedro las llaves en la mesa?
3. ¿Miraron ellos los escaparates ayer?
4. ¿Comprasteis vosotros los periódicos?
5. ¿Dejaste ordenado tu cuarto?
6. ¿Hiciste tu cama esta mañana?
7. ¿Arregló el mecánico tu carro?
8. ¿Vieron ustedes a Linda en la pastelería?
9. ¿Ensuciaste la cocina cuando preparaste la comida?