Nobel Laureates of India

What is a Nobel Prize? List of Nobel Laureates of India Brief Description of the Laureates

The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed in a number of categories by Swedish and Norwegian committees in recognition of cultural and/or scientific advances.

The will of the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895.

The prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace were first awarded in 1901.

Rabindranath Tagore C. V. Raman Mother Teresa Amartya Sen Hargobind Khorana Subramanayam Chandrasekhar

He was awarded with the “Nobel Prize” for Literature for his work in “GEETANJALI”. It is a composition of 103 poems originally written in Bengali and later translated into English by Rabindranath Tagore itself in 1912. He became the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize.

He was born in 1861 in Kolkata. He is the founder of a small experimental school at Shantineketan (Abode of peace) a place 180 km away from Kolkata. In 1951 it was renamed as Vishwa Bharati University.

He was a poet dramatist, novelist, painter, philosopher and later he was the author of the National Anthem. The British Government knighted him with the title, which he returned in 1919 in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

Sir C. V. Raman was the recipient of the “Nobel Prize” in 1930 for the excellence of his work in the field of Physics. He was the founder of the Indian Journal of PHYSICS and thereafter the Indian Academy Of Science. For his achievements, he received many Awards and Honours including the title of ‘Sir’.

He was born in Tamil Nadu. After the completion of the Master’s Degree in Physics at Presidency College, Chennai in 1907, he joined as a Professor of Physics at the University of Kolkata in1917. in 1934 he moved to the Indian Institute of Science at Bangalore as Head of the Department of Physics.

He proposed a Theory relating to the Scattering of Light popularly known as “Raman Effect”. His Theory discovered in 1928 explains the frequency of light passing through a Transparent medium. He was honoured as Bharat Ratna in 1954.

Dr. Hargobind Khorana shared “Nobel Prize” in Medicine in 1968 with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley for their contribution to understand the “Genetic Code” and how it works in the cell. Dr. Hargobind Khorana was born in Punjab now in Pakistan.

He studied in Punjab University at Lahore and at the University of Liverpool England on Government Scholarships. He obtained his PhD Degree in Chemistry from the University of Liverpool in 1948. he started research on Nucleic Acid during the Fellowship in the Cambridge University of Columbia, Canada, Wisconsin/USA.

Mother Teresa was awarded the “Noble Peace Prize” in 1971 in recognition efforts. She is the recipient of 50 International and National Awards including Pope John Paul XXII Peace Prize in 1971 and “Bharat Ratna” in 1980.

Mother Teresa (The God Mother)was born in Skopje, now in Yugoslavia on 1910 and was named as Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu. At the early age of 18 she decided to become a ‘nun’. She went to Dublin and joined the “Irish Order” of the sister’s of Loreto in 1928 and she came to India in 1929 at Kolkata. She became an Indian Citizen in 1948 and laid a foundation of Missionaries of Charity in 1950 for her deep concern for poor and sick people.

Dr, Subramanayam Chandrasekhar was honoured for his excellence in the field of Physics and shared his award with William Alfred Fowler in 1983, he was popularly known for his theory “Chandrashekhar Limit” based on white dwarf stars which determines the minimum mass of a dying star which enables it to survive. He wrote several books on Astrophysics. He was behind to develop “The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes”. He completed his education at Presidency College, Chennai and at Trinity College, Cambridge.

He was born in Lahore, now in Pakistan. He was the nephew of Sir C. V. Raman. From a period of 1930, he held a position at trinity College. Later he joined the University of Chicago and became US citizen in 1953. he was always remembered for his work.

Dr. Amartya Sen was awarded Nobel Prize in Economics, for his excellence and work in the field of “Economics” for his contribution to “Welfare Economics”. He was the first Asian to receive a Nobel Prize for Economics. He was the recipient of the most prestigious award “Bharat Ratna” in 1999.

Dr. Amartya Sen was born and brought up in Shantineketan and educated at Presidency College, Kolkata. For further studies he went to Trinity College (Cambridge) where he completed his BA, MA and PhD. After that Dr. Amartya Sen taught Economics in the renowned Universities in India and in England including Delhi University, London School of Economics, University of London and Oxford University. He is popularly known for his work on the nature of poverty and the major cause of the famine. He devised methods of measuring poverty.