No till agriculture in parana state brazil-july 2011 by emater

• 1. www.emater.pr.gov.br Experience of No Tillage System in smallholder farming - Brazil Lutcia Beatriz Canalli Agronomist M.Sc. Soil Science Dra Vegetal Production

2. Paran SC RGS Area (million ha)season 2010/11 Grain productionNo tillagePR 8,85,7 (65%) SC1,41,1 (78%) RGS 7,43,8 (51%) Brazil49,228,5 (58%) 3. Font: Emater-RS, Epagri-SC, Emater-PR, CATI, FEBRAPDP 4. Font: Emater-PR (bean, corn, soybean) Excluding 2 ndseason and winter cover crops 5. HISTORY 1970s No tillage started in Brazil 1985 the first no tillage planter with animal traction was developed by IAPAR (research institute) called GRALHA AZUL 1992/93 31 Unities of test and validation of the Gralha Azul were established and carried in the small farms by EMATER-PR (official extension service), with FEBRAPDP (Brazilian Federation of No Tillage) support 6. RESULTS PLANTER IMPROVEMENT OTHER OPTIONS OF ANIMAL TRACTION PLANTER APPEARED FEASIBILITY OF THE NO TILLAGE ANIMAL TRACTION IN SMALL FARM 7. INCENTIVES and STRATEGIES to NO TILLAGEADOPTION

• Governmental Programs:

• • Communitary aquisition of equipments: planter, knife roller and sprayer

• • Capacitation offarmers and technicians: Courses, Meetings, Field days

• Partnership between research and extension

• Farmer as a protagonist of the process

8. No Tillage in small farm

• Animal traction

• Low power mecanization

• Small farm:

• until 50 hectarea

• familiar labour or esporadically hired

• established values of benefits and equipments

• established profit by year

9. SMALL FARM CARACTERISTICS

• Soil with low agricultural aptitude (strong declivity, low fertility, stones)

• Low capitalization and difficulty to access financial credit

• Difficulty to access technical information

• Inadequated utilization of imputs, plants rotation and conservacionist practices

10. In order to preserve the natural resources, to improve the productivity, the income and the quality life of the farmers and their families, all the governmental programs and projects envolving grain production have as base the No Tillage System. 11. Grains Project of Bean and Corn Center South Region It is a partnership between Government of Parana State, through EMATER-PR (official extension service) and the Multinational SYNGENTA, with support of Brazilian Federation of No Tillage on Cover CropResidues, IAPAR, UEPG, EMBRAPA. 12. Grains Project of Bean and Corn Center South Region

• Embraces:

• 43 municipalities in 7 regions

• 125 demonstrative unities

• 47 technicians envolved

• More than 2500 farmers capacited

13. 14. DEMONSTRATIVE UNITIES Area: 1 hectare Technology: adequated to the predominant system, having no tillage as base of sustainability of the process. Methodology: groups around 20 farmers discuss the unities results and exchange experience among them and with the technicians in courses, field days and meetings. 15. 16. GRAINS PROJECT OF BEAN AND CORN PARTNERSHIP EMATER-PR / SYNGENTA / IAPAR Results of 64 Demonstrative Unities of bean Season 2009/2010 17. GRAINS PROJECT OF BEAN AND CORN PARTNERSHIP EMATER-PR / SYNGENTA Results of 50 Demonstrative Unities of corn Season 2009/2010 18. The success of the agricultural activity isdirectly related to managing capacity of the farmer and suitable managment of the natural resources. 19. In the current agricultural system, which is very competitive, the small farmers cannot risk, they must carry their farms as a small company and the technologies must be extremly dynamic, integrated and easy to adoption. 20. Reasons to no tillage adoption according to the farmers:

• Reduction of labour (68%)

• Reduction of soil loses (51%)

• Grain productivity improvement (32%)

• Font: Ribeiro et. al. 1997

21. The hardless work and theless labourutilization, allowed by the no tillage system, makes possible the introduction of other activities on the small farm, with consequent income improvement. 22. Limitant factors to no tillage adoption according to the farmers:

• lack of financial resources to purchase the equipments

• clogging of the residues on planter components due to unknowing in relation to planter regulation and cover crop managment

• areas with stones

• Font: Ribeiro et. al. 1998

23. CONCLUSION

• Agricultural Policy access to financial resources and credit

• Participative process of research and extension

• Farmers active agents in the development proccess

• Capacitation of technicians and farmers

• Official research and extension service well estructurated

24. CHALLENGES

• Establishing new partnerships (City Halls, ONGs, Cooperatives, Companies)

• Creating mechanisms to difusion and adoption of no tillage system

• Capacitating technicians and farmers

• Searching quality in the no tillage system

25. When the objective is to improve the agricultural systems efficacy, to minimaze the environmental degradation and improve the quality life of the rural communities, besides of generation and difusion of technology, it is necessary that the agricultural policies also be suitable to small farm reality. 26. Thank you [email_address] 27. Fone: (41) 3250-2100 [email_address] www.emater.pr.gov.br