No. 6 - Sports Grounds Safety Authority · No. 6 Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds During Construction The LDSA is a region of the District Surveyors Associations of England and Wales

Safety of Sports Grounds

No. 6 Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds During Construction

The LDSA is a region of the District Surveyors Associations of England and Wales

LONDON DISTRICT SURVEYORS ASSOCIATION PUBLICATIONS 1999

Licensed copy from CIS: leedsm, LEEDS METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY, 01/08/2013, Uncontrolled Copy.

DISTRICT SURVEYORS ASSOCIATION

SAFETY OF SPORTS GROUNDS

No. 6

GUIDE TO SAFETY AT SPORTS GROUNDSDURING CONSTRUCTION

LONDON DISTRICT SURVEYORS ASSOCIATION PUBLICATIONS 1999


DEDICATION

This publication is dedicated to the memory of the late Phil Rogerson, formerly employed by the London Borough ofNewham and an active member of the Association's Safety ofSports Grounds Committeesince 1993.

1


FOREWORD

Statutory controls providing for the safety of spectators at sports grounds are contained in the Safety of Sports Grounds Act 1975, the Fire Safety and Safety of Places of Sport Act 1987 and, in the case of Association Football, the Football Spectators Act 1989. The main feature of control under this legislation is the issue of Safety Certificates that include terms and conditions for the safe use of such venues.

Safety criteria and procedural requirements will vary according to which Act applies to the sports ground in question: the 1975 Act generally applies to larger sports stadia; the 1987 Act will affect smaller grounds. The reason for the variations in control relate to the fact that the different Acts arise from recommendations made in different Public Inquiries into disasters at football grounds.

The District Surveyors’ Association’s (DSA) Safety of Sports Grounds Committee has already produced a number of guidance documents aimed at practitioners involved in the administration of this legislation. It is the experience of members of this Committee that the reconstruction, redevelopment or upgrading of sports grounds around the UK that has, quite commendably, followed the late Lord Justice Taylor’s recommendations has itself presented some complex issues for Certifying Authorities to address. Sports grounds may be, at the same time, places of public resort and building sites; they may contain both permanent and temporary structures and facilities, and they may include buildings and other structures of old and new construction. Areas of the ground may be closed, or only partly open to spectators. Upper tiers of stands may not be complete and roofs may not yet have been constructed. Cranes, scaffolding and builder’s temporary works might be present within the sports ground.

The aim of this document is to give Certifying Authorities guidance on how to ensure that reasonable standards of public safety can be maintained whilst construction operations are in progress. This guidance is complementary to the advice given in the various Guides and Specimen Safety Certificates already published by the Association, and references to Safety Certificate terms and conditions relate to the specimen format that has now been widely adopted by DSA members.

Rodney WilsonPRESIDENT, LONDON DISTRICT SURVEYORS’ ASSOCIATION

i i


INTRODUCTlON

This document provides guidance on the matters to be considered by the Certifying Authority when construction work is carried out at sports grounds. The guidance may also be of use to ground management and contractors.

Ground owners and managers considering commissioning building works should be encouraged to make early contact with the department of the Local Authority that is responsible for sports ground safety to establish what procedures should be followed for notification and what technical standards will need to be met. It should be noted that, in most cases, it is owners or ground managers, rather than builders or designers, who are responsible, in law, for complying with public safety legislation and it should be borne in mind also that penalties for non-compliance could be severe.

Throughout this document, further reference is made to clauses in the fourth edition of the “Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds” (the Green Guide), published by HMSO in 1997.Where specific clauses are referenced, they are shown in italics thus: (GG. Clause ... . p....)

Procedural and legislative requirements are outlined in Chapter 1 of this Guide. The remaining Chapters provide general principles and practical considerations relevant to the Chapter headings.

Although the best efforts of the authors have been made to ensure that the Guide accords with our current understanding of legislation and regulations, the District Surveyors’ Association, the London District Surveyors’ Association (LDSA), their staff , officers and members accept no responsibility for the accuracy of the information contained in thisdocument and previous DSA/LDSA Safety of Sports Grounds Guides.

DSA/LDSA Safety of Sports Grounds Committee (SSGC)- Safety During Construction Working Party

Rod Apsey - LB Greenwich Dave Baker

Graham Bush John Flynn - LB Brent Gordon Hards - LB Croydon Alan Phillips - LB Hounslow (Chair, DSA SSGC) (from May 1999) Gordon Roy - LB Haringey Derek Ryder Geoff Weaver - LB Islington

- LB Richmond Upon Thames (Chair, DSA SSGC) - (resigned May 1999) - London Fire and Civil Defence Authority

- LB Haringey (retired February 1999)

iii


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The District Surveyors’ Association would like to express its gratitude for the help and support given by a number of people and organisations in the preparation of this guidance, and in particular, to the Health and Safety Executive, the London Fire and Civil Defence Authority and the Football Licensing Authority for commenting on the draft and making constructive suggestions.

CONTENTS

Dedication Page i

Foreword Page ii

Introduction/Membership of Page iiiWorking Party

Acknowledgement and Page iv Contents

Procedural Consideration Page 1

Barriers, Fencing, Hoardings and Page 8Scaffolding

Builder’s Storage, Plant and Page 9Contractor’s Staff

Services Page 12

Signage, Stewards, Security Page 16 Fire-fighting Equipment and Fire Alarms

Entry and Exit Routes, Floor Surfaces, Viewing Areas, Toilets and Catering Outlets

Appendix A: Demolition Page 23

Appendix B: DSA/LDSA Page 26 Publications

Page 19

iv


1 Procedural Considerations,

1 .1

1 .1.1

Application for Issue or Revision of Safety Certificate

Building works in progress at certificated grounds and regulated stands will inevitably involve temporary changes in the physical layout of some part of a sports ground. New management arrangements may also have to be made. In any case notification should be given to the Certifying Authority by the Holder under Section 8 of the Safety of Sports Grounds Act 1975 (Section 32 of the Fire safety and Safety of Places of Sport Act 1987). It should be noted that failure to give notice to the Certifying Authority is an offence under either Act. In many cases notification will also have to be given under Building Regulations.

Should it be that the sports ground is to be used during the course of building works this notification might include a request to amend the General Safety Certificate (GSC). If such a request is not overtly made, it would be prudent for the Certifying Authority to request that the holder makes a formal “application”. It should be noted that there is a prescribed form for such an application (see paragraph 1.1.3 below) although it is known that some Certifying Authorities will accept that the receipt of written notification of alterations can be taken as an application for amendment. It is important to note also that fees may only be charged in connection with an application made by the Holder (see pages vii and x of DSA Specimen Guides Nos. 1 and 5 respectively - Appendix B).

Prescribed forms for use in connection with applications for Safety Certificates for sports grounds designated under the 1975 Act can be found in The Safety of Sports Grounds Regulations 1987 (Regulation 4 and the Schedule to the regulations refer). As far as stands regulated by the 1987 Act are concerned, the prescribed form of application is described in Regulation 3 of (and shown in the Schedule to) The Safety of Places of Sport Regulations 1988. Regulation 3 of those regulations requires that a separate application shall be made for each regulated stand at the sports ground.

Designated Grounds and other sports grounds with “Regulated Stands”

Procedural requirements will vary depending on whether safety provisions are prescribed by the Safety of Sports Grounds Act 1975 (generally for larger sports grounds) or The Fire Safety and Safety of Places of Sport Act (smaller venues). A GSC issued pursuant to the 1975 Act, will generally prescribe terms and conditions relating to the whole of a sports ground (including areas such as open terraces, car parks, turnstile blocks, floodlight towers, clubhouses, etc.) - known as a “designated ground”. However, a Certificate issued under the 1987 Act, will provide only for the safety of spectators occupying individual stands at a non- designated sports ground, including exits and the area in the immediate vicinity of the stand(s). Covered or part-covered stands with a capacity of 500 spectators or more will be "regulated" under the 1987 Act.

The reason for the variation in control relates to the fact that the different Acts arise from recommendations made in different Public Inquiries into disasters at football grounds. The 1975 Act follows Wheatley’s report of the disaster at lbrox Park in 1971 ; The 1987 Act results from Popplewell’s report of the Fire at Bradford City FC and the wall collapse at Birmingham City FC in 1985.

1.1.2

1.1.3

1.2

1.2.1

1.2.2

1


1.2.3 Structural alterations or other alterations that affect the terms and conditions of a GSC (such as fire safety, width of access routes, etc.) for a designated ground, will always require prior notification to be given to the Certifying Authority. The guidance in this document should therefore be applied in all cases. Alterations to the fabric of a regulated stand, or indeed any extensions or additions to a regulated stand, will require similar notice to be given. Construction works in progress at a non-designated sports ground, remote from the regulated stand, may not however fall subject to control under sports grounds legislation (although the Building Regulations may still apply). In such circumstances the extent of the "control" over public safety matters that can be exercised by a Certifying Authority is limited to the use of Prohibition Notices (see paragraph 1.3.1 below).

The erection of a new covered stand at a non-designated sports ground will be subject to control under Building Regulations. Additionally, if the stand will be capable of holding 500 spectators or more to view activities at the ground, the owner (or ground manager, or whoever else is "in charge" of events at the ground) should also apply to the Certifying Authority for a GSC, before its first use. DSA guidance notes relating to the preparation and issue of Safety Certificates (see Appendix B) should be followed on receipt of such an application. Should it be that the stand is to be used before completion, the guidance contained within this document should also be followed. It may well be that the first GSC to be issued for such a stand will prescribe a loweraccommodation limit than it is expected to hold on completion of works. In suchcircumstances, it is recommended that the Certificate should be amended in stages, as work progresses, upon receipt of an application from the Certificate Holder. It should be noted that it is the responsibility of the Certifying Authority to identify “regulated stands” in its area of control.

The Secretary of State at the Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is responsible for the "designation" of sports grounds under the 1975 Act. The threshold for designation is 10,000 spectators (who may be seated and/or standing, covered and/or uncovered), or 5,000 spectators in the case of Association Football grounds in the Football League and Premier League. Certifying Authorities dealing with sports grounds with regulated stands are recommended to advise DCMS in the event that the development of such grounds gives rise to potential capacities of this magnitude.

1.2.4

1.2.5

1.3 Prohibition Notices

1.3.1 The advice contained in the previous Department of National Heritage (DNH) circular SARDC1 , relating to the use of Prohibition Notices at sports grounds, should be followed. It should be noted that this may be the only form of control that can be exercised over, for instance, large uncovered temporary grandstands at non-designated sports grounds. A specimen Prohibition Notice can be found in Annex B to Home Office Circular 71/1987 and is also reproduced in pages 10-11 of DSA Guide No. 2 - "Guide to During Performance Inspections of Specified Activities at Sports Grounds". (See Appendix B).

2


1.4

1.4.1

Amendment of General Safety Certificate

The main approach to the Certification of a sports ground affected by construction work that has, in the main, been adopted by Association members, is for the Certifying Authority to replace (or amend) the existing GSC. (See Section 4 of the 1975 Act and Section 29 of the 1987 Act). Terms and conditions can then be added, deleted or altered as appropriate, to ensure that reasonable safety is maintained during the course of construction. Another approach, which could be taken involves the issue of a Prohibition Notice, prohibiting or restricting occupation of part(s) of the sports ground until such time as the construction works are seen to have been completed satisfactorily. Unlike safety certification (see paragraph 1.1.2 above), costs cannot be recovered for work in connection with the service of a Prohibition Notice.

In determining the most appropriate course of action, the Certifying Authority should take into account the following (where appropriate):

- the duration of works.

-

1.4.2

the extent of the construction site - where temporary works affect part of a sports ground for a number of months, for instance where a stand is closed and the site set aside and properly enclosed, it may be that amendment of the existing GSC will involve the Certifying Authority in less administrative work.

the extent to which permanent changes to the sports ground will be made - Where the works involve rebuilding or substantial alteration, it may be advisable to amend the GSC, reducing capacity in the affected stand (or part of the stand) to zero, with amendments issued incrementally increasing capacity as each area is completed and seen to be safe for occupation by spectators.

1.4.3 Ultimately, it will be for the Certifying Authority to decide how to approach construction work at certificated sports grounds and regulated stands. It would appear that most DSA members and the Football Licensing Authority prefer to deal with changes to the sports ground through the amendment or replacement of the GSC.

1.5 Period of Notice

1.5.1 35 days prior notice of the intended date of use of a sports ground is generally required under the terms of the Safety Certificate (see DSA Guide No 1 - "Specimen General Safety Certificate and Guidance Notes" - Appendix B). This should be regarded as the minimum period of notice to be given to the Certifying Authority for the amendment or replacement of a GSC.

3


1.6

1.6.1

The Boundary between the Construction Site and the Sports Ground

The safety of people employed on construction construction work is being undertaken is the responsibility of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or, in some circumstances, the Local Authority Environmental Health (EH) Department and thus beyond the scope of this document. Any matters of concern regarding health and safety issues should be brought to the attention of the HSE or EH Department as soon as possible.

Where specified activities are held at a sports ground, areas of the ground which effectively form part of a construction site during the course of development (or redevelopment), might well become part of the designated ground (or regulated stand) for the purposes of sports grounds legislation. It is important, for spectator safety purposes, to include such areas in the GSC and also to exclude any construction site areas which will not affect spectator safety from the general terms and requirements of a GSC.

It is recommended that a GSC issued (or amended) during the course ofconstruction works, has attached drawings that clearly show the boundaries between the site area set aside for the contractor (and to which there is no public access) and other areas which, at least for the duration of a specified activity held at the ground, form part of the sports ground. In addition to plan drawings, sections through buildings showing such things as under stand areas and upper tiers which are incomplete, and to which public access is denied, should be included.

Such drawings should be included in the GSC proper and should be listed in the appropriate Appendix. Copies of these drawings should be available to the Safety Officer and contingency plans should be amended as and when necessary during the construction works.

In addition to the above, it should be noted that the Fire Authority also has responsibility for enforcing Regulation 33 of The Construction (Health Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1996 relating to general fire precautions on construction sites forming part(s) of an occupied building. The Regulation is designed to ensure, where necessary, the provision of suitable emergency routes and exits; suitable and sufficient arrangements for dealing with foreseeable emergency, including evacuation; and the provision of suitable and sufficient fire-fightingequipment, detectors and fire alarm systems. Fire Authorities have produced appropriate procedures and should be contacted at the earliest opportunity.

Continuation of Construction Operations during Specified Activities

Generally speaking, all construction operations should cease during the course of spectator activities at the sports ground and it may well be prudent for the Certifying Authority to include a GSC Condition to this effect. Construction activities which create no noise nuisance or otherwise present no risk to public safety may be permitted, however such permission should be expressly given, in writing, by the Certifying Authority. The GSC should also contain a requirement that the Holder includes the construction site barrier fences and hoardings that protect spectators in the pre and post match inspections. (GG. Clauses 4.10 and

sites and the way in which the

1.6.2

1.6.3

1.6.4

1.6.5

1.7

1.7.1

4.12 pp. 51 -52)

4


1.7.2 No reduction can be accepted in the provision of the Safety Officer’s Control Point and First Aid facilities during construction work. Contingency plans will also need to be addressed by all agencies and the Holder of the GSC as each section of the construction is completed. (GG. Clause 2.14 pp. 33-34)

Inspections and Safety Team/Advisory Group Meetings

The Certifying Authority should carry out inspections of the sports ground prior to each certificated use and the first use at each “interim” construction phase. This will enable the Authority to establish whether any additional GSC conditions might need to be imposed, or whether changes to the accommodation table might need to be made. It is recommended that a working party of the Safety Advisory Group be set up to work as part of the development team to ease potential pressures and tensions that may surface at inspections prior to the first use. The working party should report back to the Safety Advisory Group and should allow requirements of the Health and Safety Plan etc. to dovetail with conditions that may be attached under the GSC.

If access to the construction work is not provided or if an unsatisfactory site visit is recorded, the GSC should include a condition such that the permitted numbers of spectators allowed in the affected area will be reduced.

Liaison between the Holder, Contractor, Certifying Authority and Emergency Services is the pivotal aim of safety certification as on-site works proceed. Such liaison is of the uppermost importance during each phase of the construction contract and, in particular, prior to re-occupation of areas by spectators. The role of liaison during the issue and staged revision of the GSC, cannot be overstated.

A full emergency condition’s test should be carried out prior to the first certified use following major works at the sports ground.

1.8

1.8.1

1.8.2

1.8.3

1.8.4

1.9 During Performance Inspections (DPls)

1.9.1 Football Licensing Authority (FLA) and DSA guidance on the frequency of monitoring inspections carried out by the Certifying Authority should generally be observed. However, where substantial changes have been made to a sports ground, requiring the issue or amendment of a GSC, the Certifying Authority is bound to consider whether a higher level of monitoring inspection should be carried out in the period immediately following the Certifying Authority’s “approval” of these changes. Similarly, whether or not a Certificate has been amended, it may well be that Certifying Authorities will wish to monitor GSC conditions on a more frequent basis during the course of construction works than would be the case with the sports ground in “steady state”.

It is recommended that a During Performance inspection should be made at the time of the first specified activity held at the sports ground after each issue/revision of a GSC. It is also recommended that Certifying Authorities should review their priorities for, and the frequency of, DPls whilst the sports ground/stand is under redevelopment. Further guidance on DPls can be found in the DSA Guide No. 2 - "Guide to During Performance Inspections of Specified Activities at Sports Grounds" (see Appendix B).

1.9.2

5


1.10

1 .10.1

Temporary Grandstands and other Temporary Structures

The use of temporary grandstands and any other hired-in temporary facilities will be subject to control through the GSC mechanism; just as for any other part-completed and temporary works as already described. Additionally, reference should be made to Institution of Structural Engineers (ISE) guidance “Temporary Demountable Structures” (latest edition) for technical criteria to be applied in the assessment of the safe use of such facilities. (GG. Clauses 14.1-14.16 pp. 149-154)

1.11 Structural / Electrical Works

1.11.1 Temporary works and part completed works are inevitably a feature of sports ground use during construction operations. The nature and extent of such works may well vary from game-to-game. The Certifying Authority may consider that, in these circumstances, a condition should be included in the GSC (in the Accommodation Table) that certificates should be provided before each specified activity, and at the close of construction works on site. The following paragraph (1 .11.2) gives an example.

Example of amendment to the Accommodation Table is shown below. Capacities may also need to be reviewed and revised if sightlines are affected by the construction work.

1.11.2

6


APPENDIX (x)

PERMITTED NUMBERS OF SPECTATORS

The maximum number of spectators that may be admitted to the designated sportsground/regulated stand at any one time shall be restricted to:

LOCATION

(Each separate area)

Total for Ground / Stand

NUMBER OF SPECTATORS

n.000 (*)

n,000 (*)

(*) Until such time as the construction of the Stand (or part of the sports ground) has beencompleted and the work inspected by the Certifying Authority, each requirement detailedbelow shall be met for every specified activity at the sports ground before the capacity of thestand (or part of the sports ground) will be permitted to be as set out in the table above:

(1) Immediately prior to each specified activity to be held at the sports ground, a certificateof satisfactory strength, stability and state of maintenance of the (Stand) structure,components and installations shall be submitted to the Council. The certificate shall besigned by a competent person* acceptable to the Certifying Authority, as set out inSection (insert appropriate ref.). The certificate shall identify specifically the items towhich it refers and confirm that they are in such condition as to perform safely theirrequired functions. The certificate shall include reference to complete and partiallycomplete elements of structure as well as temporary works for the safety of spectatorsin the vicinity of the (Stand) or adjacent building site areas, all as shown on Certificatedrawings (insert drawing nos.).

(2) Immediately prior to each specified activity to be held at the sports ground, aninspection certificate shall be submitted to the Certifying Authority for the electricalinstallation in the (Stand). The certificate shall be signed by a competent personacceptable to the Certifying Authority, as set out in Section (insert appropriate ref.).The certificate shall identify specifically the items to which it refers and state that theinstallation is in a safe working condition

#Competent person for structural certification, scaffolding or other structures, asnecessary, should be a Chartered Structural Engineer, Chartered Building Surveyor orChartered Civil Engineer.

7


2

2.1 General Principles

2.1.1

Barriers, Fencing, Hoardings and Scaffolding

All hoardings, fencing, etc., separating construction sites from the public areas of sports grounds must be designed and constructed to resist lateral loads, including crowd, wind and attached installations loads as appropriate.

Construction site fences, where they might fall onto spectators, should be designed to withstand construction impact loads and include a factor of safety against overturning. Panelling to hoardings should also be designed to resist a nominal imposed load to ensure robust construction.

Areas of scaffolding within the public area must be secure and able to resist lateral loadings (as paragraph 2.2.2 below).

Moveable barriers should only be used in areas not subject to lateral loads from access/exit routes and areas where pitch viewing is not possible. Stewarding should be provided at the location of movable barriers.

2.1.2

2.1.3

2.1.4

2.2 Practical Considerations

2.2.1 Loading

2.2.2 Barriers should follow the advice in the latest edition of the “Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds” with regard to shape and size and should resist loads of 3.0KN/m width, where at right angles to the direction of flow of spectators, and 2.0 KN/m width where parallel to the direction of flow, with the loads applied at 1.1 m above ground level. For fencing and hoardings, loads can be applied at a height of 1.5m. If a designed barrier exists immediately in front of the fence/hoarding, loads of 2.0 KN/m for right angles to the flow and 1.3 KN/m parallel to the flow should be applied to the fence/hoarding. With no barrier a figure of 2.5 KN/m and 1.6KN/mrespectively should be used. All loads are in addition to any imposed wind load and attached installations. Fences and hoardings should be braced at 1.1 m and 1.5m heights (the heights where loads will be applied). (GG. Clauses 10.1-10.26

Construction should be of such materials as to resist the required loads, be durable and secure, and be of timber, steel, scaffolding or other suitable material.

Hoardings, fencing, etc. must be adequately restrained by buttresses, counterbalances, ground anchors, etc. to prevent movement or overturning with afactor of safety of 2. Buttresses, counterbalances, ground anchors etc. must be adequately protected from accidental damage by site traffic and other activities.

pp. 87-104)

2.2.3

2.2.4

2.2.5 Height and Location

2.2.6 The minimum height of any hoarding, etc. to a construction site where on access/exit routes, should be not less than 3.0m above the level of ground on thepublic side, unless it is stewarded, where, in such cases, it should be not less than 2.4m.

8Licensed copy from CIS: leedsm, LEEDS METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY, 01/08/2013, Uncontrolled Copy.

2.2.7 Positioning of hoardings, etc. should be such so as not to obstruct emergency services access or restrict the width of the required exit routes. (GG. Clause 5.8 p. 58, Clause 9.8(f) p. 82)

All hoardings should be sheeted with obscure material to prevent viewing of the specified activity. Open fencing may be considered where viewing is not possible, but consideration should be given to security of the construction site, obstruction of access routes with people viewing building works and stability of the hoarding/fence. All material used for sheeting should be flame retardant or its use be dependent on an assessment of risk. Flexible scaffold sheeting must comply with the Loss Prevention Council (LPC) standard LPS 1215. Where hoardings form part of an enclosure or a separation of an escape route, such hoarding should be constructed to the same fire resistance standard as the escape route enclosures.

Areas of scaffolding within the public area must be secure, able to resist lateral loadings (as paragraph 2.2.2. above) and, if on access routes, be enclosed for a height of 2.4m with suitable material to prevent unauthorised access or climbing. Additionally, the scaffolding should not have projections into access areas that may cause injury. Any ladders or materials should be removed from any scaffolding before the public is admitted to the sports ground.

Scaffolding from a separated construction site should not project over a public area unless absolutely necessary. If projection is unavoidable, no materials should be placed on that scaffold and access to personnel prevented during ground operation. The projection should be cleaned free of any building materials, debris, dust or any other loose material. Any projection should provide headroom of at least 2.4m over the whole width of any access way.

All scaffold clips and boards, anchor fixings, sheeting fastenings, etc. should be checked for security prior to each specified activity held at the sports ground. The contractor should be required to certify that any scaffolding or hoarding is secure and free of loose material prior to the specified event.

All barriers, fences, scaffolds and hoardings should be free of any projection likely to cause injury to spectators. Any sharp areas or rough parts liable to catch spectators or their clothing should be adequately protected or shielded.

Builder’s Storage, Plant and Contractor’s Staff

2.2.8

2.2.9

2.2.1 0

2.2.1 1

2.2.1 2

3


3.1 .1 Work should not be carried out in or about the sports ground that may adversely affect spectator’s health, safety and facilities when the ground is open to the public. (GG. Clause 4.6p.49)


3.1.2 Under the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994, which are enforced by the HSE, the principal contractor should produce a Health and Safety plan. The plan should include information on the approach that is to be adopted for managing health and safety on the project, risk assessments carried out under The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992, and emergency procedures. Risks to spectators and other members of the public who may have access during the construction, should be considered when putting information together. The HSE will be able to advise on these matters as they are beyond the scope of this document.

A joint Code of Practice - “Fire Prevention on Construction Sites” has been published by the Loss Prevention Council (LPC) and the Building Employers Confederation. The code covers temporary buildings used as site offices and makes new safety provisions for areas within the buildings occupied as offices or stores during construction. Storage of combustible material outside the building under construction or renovation is stipulated or additional fire safety precautions specified. Products used as temporary protection for finished surfaces must now be certified by a United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) certification body as well as conforming to LPCs standard LPS 1207 “Fire Requirements for Protective Covering Materials”. A no smoking policy must be instituted throughout the site. The HSE has also published HSG 168 “Fire Safety in Construction Work which contains guidance for clients, designers and those managing and carrying out construction work involving significant fire risks.

3.1.3


3.2.1 Storage and Compounds

3.2.2 Any plant, tools, equipment, flammable storage (including gas bottles) or rubbish and materials used in connection with the works, should be stored in a secured construction site or compound, the location and construction of which should be approved in advance by the Certifying Authority. All such items of plant etc. should be removed to the secured construction site or compound at least 24 hours(or shorter period of time for minor works if approved by the Certifying Authority) before the sports ground is open to the public. The items should remain there during the whole time that spectators are in the sports ground. (GG. Clause 4.10

Suitable fencing and lighting approved by the Certifying Authority should be provided to the construction site or compound (refer to Chapters 2 and 4).Lighting should include general and emergency lighting to ingress and egress routes affected by the construction works. The Certifying Authority should ensure that fences, hoardings and scaffolding projecting over or reducing the widths of pavements adjacent to the sports ground would not be affected by the involvement of large crowds of spectators. (see also Chapter 2 above). (GG. Clauses 17.10and 17.13 pp. 189- 190)

Suitable access positions secured against unauthorised entry, should be provided to the construction site or compound. Arrangements within the construction site or compound should be such that an inspection can be made before, during or after the specified activity in the event of fire, bomb threat or other emergency. (GG.Clauses 4.10-4.12 pp. 51 -52)

(d,f,g,l) p.51)

3.2.3

3.2.4


3.2.5 The external movement of emergency services vehicles around the sports ground needs to be carefully assessed during construction work to ensure that compounds etc. do not impinge upon emergency access routes, RDV points etc. Consultation will be needed with the emergency services. (GG. Clause 5.8 p. 58)

Consideration also needs to be given regarding the effect the construction work will have on public transport and car parking arrangements. The issue of road closures and ingress/egress route designation can be a major problem. Consultation should therefore take place with the Police, Holder, Emergency Services and the Highway’s Authority concerning the approval to road closure(s). The hours of restriction, one-way access arrangements, egress and sign posting need to be carefully considered.

3.2.6

3.2.7 Plant

3.2.8 Mechanical plant should be immobilised when the construction site or compound is unattended.

Plant, such as mobile cranes or scaffolding, should not over-sail areas of thesports ground where this might adversely affect access and seating to be used when the ground is open to spectators. Where over-sailing is unavoidable, any plant and scaffolding in the affected areas must be subject to inspection by a competent person immediately prior to each specified activity held at the sports ground. The plant should not be used after this inspection has been completed.

3.2.9

3.2.10 Structures

3.2.1 1 Temporary works, partially demolished or newly erected structures, should be structurally capable of withstanding any wind or snow loads and where appropriate, horizontal forces in accordance with the current edition of the “Guide to Safety at Sports Ground”. (GG. Clauses 4.4-4.5 pp. 48-49)

Platforms, floors or roofs at high level should be swept clean and kept clear of debris to prevent dust and rubbish falling or blowing onto spectators. Temporary drainage should be provided to all areas of construction where there is a likely possibility that in the event of a storm or heavy rain, water could discharge over spectators in public areas. (GG. Clause 4.10(e) p. 51)

Where the contractor proposes the use of advertising hoardings and banners, agreement limiting the size and form of advertisement from a crowd safety perspective should be reached with the contractor, well in advance. (GG. Clause19.3(h) p. 200)

3.2.1 2

3.2.13

3.2.14 Contractor’s Staff

3.2.15 The contractor’s senior staff should attend pre-match meetings and inspections. (GG. Clause 4.8 p.49)

Skilled staff such as carpenters, plumbers and electricians etc. should be available to attend to any emergency breakdowns due to the construction works, when the sports ground is open to the public. (GG. Clause 2.14 p. 33)

3.2.16


3.2.17 The sports ground the ground communications staff. (GG. Clause 16.10 pp. 172- 173)

The contractor’s staff should provide security to the construction site or compound to prevent access from unauthorised persons and to prevent staff from watching the specified activity. Access should however be provided to retrieve the ball as necessary.

Working hours and deliveries

After the pre-match inspection, work on site and the delivery and movement of materials should be limited or possibly halted altogether, so as not to prejudice the agreed safety arrangements and precautions.

management to ensure that there will be no adverse effect on systems should check radios, used by the contractor’s

3.2.18

3.2.19

3.2.20

4 Services


4.1.1 Full guidance on electrical and mechanical services at sports grounds is contained in DSA Guide No. 4 - “Guide to Electrical and Mechanical Services in Sports Grounds”. (See Appendix B)

Although often a last minute consideration, temporary electrical installations should not be subject to reduced safety standards just by virtue of the fact that their installation is “temporary”.

Even though the lighting installation may be temporary it should not be assumed that any standard of lighting would suffice. The usual general principles should apply i.e. an even coverage of the whole area by a number of lighting points (normal and emergency).

Where stands at sports grounds embrace the principles of fire engineering and as a consequence have smoke extraction systems, consideration must be given to maintaining extract points and replacement air during any construction phase.

Contract caterers and like organisations do not always appreciate that an independent check on the public safety aspects of their vehicles and equipment needs to be made. Full information about such installations is contained in the DSA Guide No. 3 - “Guide to Control over Concessionaire Facilities and other Services at Sports Grounds”. (See Appendix B).

4.1.2

4.1.3

4.1.4

4.1.5


4.2.1 Electrical Installations

4.2.2 The nature and extent of the inspection and testing required will depend on whether the temporary installation is being kept in situ during the whole of theworks, or whether it is to be taken out and re-instated on every occasion that the area is to be used.


4.2.3 Inspections should include a visual assessment of the condition of the cables and the suitability of the method by which they are secured. All cables should be suitably clipped or fixed up out of reach of spectators. Long hanging loops should be avoided. (GG. Clause 17.8p. 188)

In line with the recommendations of BS 7671:1992 and current IEE Wiring Regulations, inspections and tests of temporary installations on construction sites where 110 v equipment is in use, should be carried out every three months.

For all but the most minor works, an inspection certificate (signed by a ‘competent person’ should be required. (GG. Clause17.6 p. 188)

A ‘competent person’ in relation to the testing and certification of electrical systems and installations should be one of the following:

a) A corporate member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. b) A contractor currently enrolled with the National Inspection Council for

Electrical Installation Contracting or Electrical Contractors Association.

4.2.4

4.2.5

4.2.6 Lighting Installations

4.2.7 In some cases where an escape route is only temporary, with perhaps a slightly uneven foot-way and sheeted fencing, a higher standard of lighting may be necessary (e.g. 20 lux rather that the normal minimum standard of 15 lux).

It is important to ensure that suitable arrangements for temporary lighting are made at an early date to avoid last minute difficulties caused by insufficient time for the contractor to comply with the required work. Certifying Authorities should not be placed in a position during rebuilding works etc. where they have to compromise over temporary arrangements. The acceptance of a lower standard may lead to a consequent risk to public safety. (GG. Clause 17.10 p. 189) Two systems of lighting should be provided each from a separate power source e.g.

(a) one from mains and one from a generator; or

(b) one from mains and one from individual self contained emergency lighting

NOTE: In either case the secondary supply should be capable of providing sufficient electricity for at least 3 hours and the luminaries should be of the maintained type (illuminated whilst spectators are at the sports ground).

Unprotected lamps should be avoided and some form of lamp guard should be provided.

Any scaffolding to which lighting fittings are attached to should be efficiently bonded to earth. Cables should be neatly fixed out of reach of the public and not just draped to the fitting. Loops of cable should be tucked away. A check should always be made on the condition of the cable.

4.2.8

4.2.9

4.2.10

4.2.1 1

13

units


4.2.12 Where temporary self-contained units are used for emergency lighting these should be tested prior to use. Proper arrangements should be made to ensure an uninterrupted mains supply is maintained to the units when out of use if they are to be required on a regular basis. (GG. Clause 4.9(h) p. 51)

Particular attention should be paid to the fixing of temporary light-fittings that is often neglected. It is quite common for fittings to be placed on temporary fencing etc. which is removed following each specified activity. Consequently, lighting fittings may be subject to rough handling and could be damaged.

4.2.13

4.2.14 Generators

4.2.15 Temporary generators are sometimes used to provide escape lighting within the construction site whilst under public use. Contractors may not have an awareness of how a sports ground operates when it is filled with spectators and therefore, such generators should be sited so as not to cause an obstruction or a serious risk to safety.

The siting of the generator should always be agreed in advance by the Certifying Authority together with the cable routes therefrom. (GG. Clauses 17.11-17.12 p.189)

Evidence showing when the generator was last serviced should be required by the Certifying Authority. Additionally, a certificate should be required relating to the tests carried out in respect of the earthing. The test certificate for generators, should be obtained from a manufacturer or engineer in servicing and maintenance of generators and associated engines for emergency electrical supplies. (GG.Clauses 17.2-17.3p. 187)

The generator would normally be running during the whole time spectators are present at the sports ground and should therefore be under the constant supervision of a competent person.

The service tank for the generator fuel should have sufficient capacity to enable the generator to run without refuelling, for a period of 5 hours.

NOTE: Petroleum operated generators should not be used

All circuits from the generator should be protected by an RCD and the generators should be tested prior to the areas being opened to the public.

The necessary temporary cables should be fixed out of reach of the public at a minimum height of 2.4m and should not impede any exit from or entrance to the area.

4.2.16

4.2.17

4.2.18

4.2.19

4.2.20

4.2.21

4.2.22 Temporary toilets

4.2.23 Temporary toilets can also cause problems, particularly where they are water flushed. It should be borne in mind that, at many events, the nature of usage might require all flushing devices to be in use at the same time. Ad hoc watersupply arrangements may well be inadequate.


4.2.24 All flushing devices should be tested by simultaneous operation to ensure that the system can cope during periods of heavy use.

All temporary toilets should be provided with both normal and escape lighting in the absence of daylight within the cabin.

4.2.25

4.2.26 Public Address System

4.2.27 Where required, extensions should be made to the Public Address System to ensure coverage to all spectator areas within the sports ground. Temporary extensions should be backed up by a secondary power supply. (GG. Clause 16.13(e) p. 176)

An alternative arrangement, where an extension proves to be impractical, could involve the use of loudhailers by stewards who should also be in radio communication with the Safety Officer’s Control Point. The Certifying Authority should agree such arrangements. (GG. Clause 16.13(f) p. 176)

4.2.28

4.2.29 Temporary Catering Outlets

4.2.30 Catering units should be checked to ensure the following:-

(a) That the Certifying Authority has consented to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) being used and that the LPG complies with the minimum safety requirements in respect of armoured flexible tubing and the correct type of connectors. Further guidance is given in The Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association (LPGA) Code of Practice Number 7 “Storage of full and empty LPG cylinders and cartridges”.

(b) The units should be provided with appropriate portable fire fighting equipment; and

(c) The staff using the unit is aware how to isolate the LPG.

Where small petrol generators are permitted to be used by the Certifying Authority, the following should be complied with:-

(a) The Petroleum Licensing Authority should be notified in advance regarding the

4.2.31

storage of petroleum spirit;

(b) The generators should be sited well away from any LPG;

(c) The generators should not be refuelled whilst the public are present;

(d) Fuel should be limited to that within the integral tank, additional fuel should not be permitted.

4.2.32 Any temporary electrical cables should be installed in accordance with the guidance under paragraphs 4.2.1 to 4.2.5 above.


4.2.33 Hot water should be provided to enable the staff handling food to wash their hands - this can usually be achieved by a static supply which has been heated in a small boiler and then allowed to stand. This should retain enough heat, for this purpose, to last for at least half an hour.

For the temporary catering outlets additional stewards may be required. If any unit is left in situ at the end of service, it should not be left unattended.

Signage, Stewards, Security, Fire-fighting Equipment and Fire Alarms


5.1.1

4.2.34

5

When considering the risks associated with construction in certified places of sport, regard must be paid to the effects of the Construction (Design, and Management) Regulations 1994 and the Construction (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1996. These Regulations detail the standard requirements and place legal duties on all parties involved in the construction project. (see also paragraphs 1.6.5 and 3.1.2 above)

Having taken the above Regulations into account, it may be concluded that areas under construction are adequately regulated. This Chapter of the Guide is intended to address, the possible effect that construction operations could have on the management and safe use of the pre-planned and designed fire safety systems, facilities and means of escape, with which sports grounds are provided. The aim is to ensure that the conditions relating to fire safety laid out in the GSCcan be maintained and enforced.

Where, under the requirements of the Safety at Sports Grounds Act 1975, a GSC has been issued and is in force, it is the duty of the sports grounds management to consult with the Certifying Authority, the Fire Authority, Police and Ambulance Service. Co-ordination of site meetings both before, during and post construction should also take place. This is to ensure that any works, that may affect the maintenance and effectiveness of the fire safety provisions in the GSC, can beidentified and the proposals analysed to ensure adequate safety exists at all times. This process should also ensure that the Certifying Authority is kept fully informed as to the standard of fire safety which exists within a sports ground during any specified activities, thereby ensuring that contingency planning can be amended and implemented at the earliest opportunity.

Construction site security is of great importance, the key factors for consideration being the reduction of the possibility of malicious fires, the theft and malicious damage of building materials and the possible use of such materials as missiles or projectiles.

Fire-fighting equipment should be provided in such locations and be of a type and quantity as is considered reasonable in the circumstances. It is recommended that sports ground management consult with the Fire Authority at the earliest opportunity concerning such provisions. (GG. Clause 15.14 p. 164)

5.1.2

5.1.3

5.1.4

5.1.5



5.2.1 Signage

5.2.2 Suitable signage, in accordance with the GSC, should be provided throughout the sports ground and construction areas to indicate the location of all exits, hazards, and public utilities, and to give instruction. The signage should conform, where relevant, with the following standards:

The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996; and British Standards 5378,5499 and 6034. (GG. Clauses 16.27- 16.28 pp. 183- 185)

It is therefore important that signs are not obscured or removed unless it is absolutely necessary. (GG. Clause 16.28 p. 185)

Where it becomes apparent that any signage will become affected, the Certifying Authority should be consulted, to enable alternatives to be agreed, supplied and positioned prior to any specified activity.

There should be a defined reporting procedure, so that sports ground staff/stewards can report any signage deficiencies to the management. This should ensure that appropriate action is taken prior to any specified activities.

5.2.3

5.2.4

5.2.5

5.2.6 Stewarding and Security

5.2.7 Site security should be maintained by the use of hoarding and fences around the perimeter of the whole site. (See Chapter 2).

Stewards should have additional training and briefing when working in areas affected by construction and should be utilised to ensure that the perimeter of theconstruction site is constantly monitored throughout the duration of any specified activity. Contractors security staff should be positioned within the confines of the construction site simultaneously. This should provide a continuous watch for the prevention of any outbreak of fire or breach in security. (GG. Clause 3.15 p. 45)

Communications equipment, e.g. radios, should be provided to ensure effective communication between stewards, security and the Safety Officer's Control Point. Prompt and appropriate action can then be instigated without delay. (GG. Clause

Stewards and site security personnel alike, should be fully trained and briefed to be observant and aware of the types of risk presented by a construction site and the problems which such sites present. This training and briefing should include any special measures or considerations and appropriate procedures that may have to be undertaken in order to ensure adequate safety. It should also include instructing stewards regarding any amended emergency/evacuation procedures. The training and briefing should be recorded in a logbook. (GG. Clauses 3.11 and

5.2.8

5.2.9

16.10 pp. 172- 173)

5.2.10

3.15 pp. 44-45)


5.2.1 1 CCTV systems, where available, should be utilised in order that the whole of the construction site can be constantly monitored during a specified activity at a central control room, from where appropriate emergency procedures can be implemented. (GG. Clause 16.17 p. 179)

Where CCTV is in use, care should be taken to ensure that hoardings, protective sheeting or other materials do not reduce the effectiveness of such facilities. Close liaison between site managers and sports ground management should take place to prevent obstruction of the CCTV.

Illumination of the construction site as a means of assisting in the security is recommended. This should give the benefit of providing a deterrent against unauthorised site access. Illumination also provides stewards located on the perimeter of the site and security personnel within the construction site, enhanced surveillance of the whole area.

Fire-fighting Equipment (Including Fire Alarms)

All fire-fighting equipment should be under the control of fully trained stewards and should be located in a secure area in order to minimise the risk of vandalism or malicious use, but should however, be readily available for use in an emergency. (GG. Clause 15.9(b)p. 159)

If for reasons of construction, fire-fighting equipment (e.g. hose-reels) has to be shut down, removed or repositioned, the sports ground management should consult with the Certifying Authority and the Fire Authority, prior to any alterations which may affect the existing GSC requirements. (GG. Clause 15.14 p. 164)

Where fire-fighting equipment is removed, repositioned or shut down for any reason, stewards and construction site security personnel should be informed and given instruction on the approved alternative arrangements and procedures in the case of the outbreak of fire. Where necessary, consideration should be given to the need for additional stewards to be located at strategic fire points. This information should be given to the responsible personnel prior to the start of any specified activity and be recorded. Where fire-fighting capability forms part of a fire engineering strategy previously agreed when the stadium was built, the Certifying Authority must be consulted prior to its removal - see also paragraph 4.1.4 above. (GG. Clause 15.1 p. 155)

Where constituent parts of any fire alarm system, emergency telephones/communication systems will be obstructed or removed, sports ground management should consult with the Certifying Authority and the Fire Authority prior to making any such alterations.

Any fire-fighting equipment or fire alarm systems repositioned or otherwise affected should be tested in accordance with, and at a frequency as required by, the normal standards. Emergency telephones may need to be re-sited during

5.2.1 2

5.2.1 3

5.2.14

5.2.15

5.2.1 6

5.2.1 7

5.2.1 8

5.2.1 9

construction.


6 Entry and Exit Routes, Floor Surfaces, Viewing Areas, Toilets and Catering Units


6.1.1 When it is proposed to partially occupy a stand or viewing area, sufficient turnstiles should be provided to enable the number of spectators permitted to occupy that area to gain admittance within one hour, at a rate agreed by the Certifying Authority.

Entry routes from the turnstiles should be arranged so as to provide an even distribution of spectators into the viewing area(s). (GG. Clause 6.8 p. 61)

All floor surfaces to areas to which the public have access (including circulation areas and routes of ingress and egress up to and from viewing areas and EXITgates) should be prepared and maintained so as to provide a hard even non-slipsurface, i.e., concrete, tarmac, etc. (GG. Clause 8.6(d) p. 75)

Any temporary toilet, catering or other concessionary unit should be sited so that it, and any queue it attracts, does not obstruct the required width of any exit route oraccess to any EXIT gate. (GG. Clause 9.8(f) p. 82)

6.1.2

6.1.3

6.1.4


6.2.1 Entry and exit routes

6.2.2 The rate of entry of spectators through turnstiles should not exceed 660 personsper hour. The rate of entry should also take account of the local circumstances, including the siting and arrangement of the entrances and the dispersal arrangements to the viewing area within the sports ground, either or both of whichmay be of a temporary nature. (GG. Clauses 6.5-6.6 pp. 60-61)

The rate of entry may have to be revised during the season if the entrance and dispersal arrangements are altered as construction work progresses. Where the rate of entry proves to be less than 660 persons per hour, that lower figure should be used for calculating entry capacity. (GG. Clause 6.6 pp. 60-61)

Where, because of the ‘temporary’, nature of an entrance, and its possible re-sitingas works progress, the provision of turnstiles may be onerous and/or impractical. Consideration may be given to the provision of a temporary, manual admission system. (GG. Clause 6.1 p. 59)

In order to control ingress and permit accurate manual counting through gateways used for this purpose, these should be arranged to provide single entrance channels each not more than 600mm wide. A steward provided with a manual clicker should be stationed at each channel to count the number of spectatorsentering. (GG. Clause 6.2 p. 59)

Additionally, a steward in radio communication with the Safety Officer’s Control Point should be stationed at each such entrance location to carry out and record regular checks on the total number of spectators who have passed through.

6.2.3

6.2.4

6.2.5

6.2.6


6.2.7 The entrance turnstiles/gates should be arranged and located to provide as even as possible distribution for spectators waiting outside the sports ground and giving access into the sections to be occupied. (GG. Clause 6.8 p. 61)

All temporary or newly installed turnstiles should be connected to the computer monitoring system. This system should be thoroughly tested before the admission of the spectators. (GG. Clause 6.3 p. 60)

Where, because of the temporary nature of the turnstiles, it is not practical to connect them to a computerised monitoring system, consideration may be given to the use of a manual clicker system operated in accordance with paragraph 6.2.5 above. (GG. Clause 6.2 p 59)

Where used, the number of ticket offices provided to service the turnstiles/entrance gate channels, should not be less than the required number of turnstiles. Indeed, having regard to the possibly slower throughput, the number of ticket offices should ideally be in excess of the number of turnstiles.

If it is not possible to provide sufficient turnstiles/entrance gate channels and/or ticket offices to permit the entry of spectators up to the actual accommodation capacity of the viewing area in one hour, the permitted capacity should be reduced accordingIy.

Adequate signage should be provided outside the entrances to indicate clearly new, temporary or changing entrance arrangements. The signs should be adequately lit to make them clearly visible to the public and fixed at a level so as to be conspicuous above the heads of queuing spectators. (GG. Clauses 16.27-

Additional stewards, in communication with the Safety Officer’s Control Point and/or with portable loudhailers, should be positioned outside the sports ground in the vicinity of these entrances to assist spectators unfamiliar with the revised arrangements.

All entry and exit routes to/from the viewing area should be clearly defined and physically separated from the remainder of the area, especially where this is still under construction.

The separation should be constructed so as to prevent spectators climbing and/or gaining access onto adjoining structures or parts of the sports ground.

All stairways within entry/exit routes should be complete before consideration is given to any section of a viewing area to be opened.

Special attention should be paid to fire-stopping, fire-resistingenclosures/separations and to the strength testing of balustrading and handrails, etc.

6.2.8

6.2.9

6.2.1 0

6.2.11

6.2.12

16.28 pp. 183-185)

6.2.13

6.2.14

6.2.15

6.2.16

6.2.17


6.2.18 The entry/exit routes serving each section of the viewing area should be of sufficient width to enable all the spectators from that section to leave within the emergency evacuation time agreed by the Certifying Authority. This time should reflect the dispersal arrangements from the viewing area and routes to the final exits that may be of a temporary nature.

An entire exit route from part of a viewing area to a final exit gate should be carefully planned to ensure that there is no funnelling effect within its length, especially where routes merge and at final exit gates.

If due to site limitations it is not possible to provide the required exit widths; the accommodation capacity of the viewing area will have to be reduced to reflect the exit capacity available.

All entry/exit routes should be not less than 1.2m in clear width and the width of any route should be unobstructed for the full width of the floor surface. (GG.Clause 9.4 p. 79)

All entry/exit routes should preferably have headroom of not less than 2.4m, unobstructed for the full width of the floor surface. (GG. Clause 5.5(d) p. 56)

All entry and exit routes from the turnstiles/entrance gates to the viewing area should be clearly defined and provided with adequate signage (see paragraph 5.2.2 above) to clearly indicate new, temporary or changing entry arrangements, including viewing area locations and seating blocks and seat numbers. The signs should be fixed at a level so as to be conspicuous above the heads of spectators. Additional stewards should be positioned within these routes to assist spectators unfamiliar with revised or temporary arrangements. (GG. Clause 6.9 pp. 62-63)

6.2.19

6.2.20

6.2.21

6.2.22

6.2.23

6.2.24 Floor Surfaces

6.2.25 Where floor surfaces are temporary they should be checked after each specified activity for signs of settlement or deterioration of the walking surface and any necessary repairs carried before the public are admitted for the next specified activity. (GG. Clause 4.12 p. 52)

Where a temporary floor surface is altered or disturbed due to building works, the surface should be inspected immediately following the final or temporary cessation of those works and prior to the admission of the public to the next specified activity.

6.2.27 Viewing Areas

6.2.28

6.2.26

Viewing areas and ingress/egress routes passing close to or beneath areas under construction, should be inspected prior to the admission of the public to check that all parts of the construction are secure and that the public areas have been cleared of any debris. (GG. Clause 4.10 p. 51)

All areas to which the public has access (including circulation areas and routes of ingress and egress up to and from viewing areas and EXIT gates) should be satisfactorily illuminated with normal and emergency lighting. (See Chapter 4paragraph 4.3 above) (GG. Clause 17.10 p. 189)

6.2.29


6.2.30 Temporary units

6.2.31 Raised units should be provided with properly constructed access steps, having adequate guard/handrails and treads and risers all in accordance with the current edition of the “Guide to Safety of Sports Grounds”. (GG. Clauses 7.1-7.10 pp. 65-70)

Landings and treads should be provided with non-slip surfaces and durable nosings. Nosings should be painted. (GG. Clause 7.3 p. 66)

Independently constructed flights of steps should be securely fixed in position.

Where wheelchair spaces are provided in the adjoining viewing area, the temporary toilet provision should include disabled person’s toilet accommodation.

Arrangements should also be made to assist people with disabilities to obtain refreshments from temporary catering units.

Gaps beneath raised units should be entirely sealed with solid non-combustiblematerial to prevent storage use and/or accumulation of rubbish and possible unauthorised and/or malicious access.

Rainwater discharge from temporary units should be directed away from public access areas, escape routes and exit gates - see also paragraph 3.2.10 above.

Services to temporary units (i.e., water, electricity, etc) should be sited so as to be as inaccessible to the public as possible.

External water supply pipes should be adequately insulated to prevent bursts in cold weather which may result in possible slip hazards from ice forming onto or across exit routes and also in the non-availability of the facilities during specified activities.

All temporary toilets and concessionary units to which the public has access, including any access steps, should be satisfactorily illuminated with normal and emergency lighting - see also paragraphs 4.2.22 to 4.2.25 above. (GG. Clauses17.10 and 17.13 pp. 189 -190)

6.2.32

6.2.33

6.2.34

6.2.35

6.2.36

6.2.37

6.2.38

6.2.39

6.2.40


Appendix A - Demolition

A.1.1 At many sports grounds involved in major re-construction work and alterations, demolition of structures is likely to precede the new work.

Demolition work presents a high risk to the safety of contractors staff and partially demolished areas pose particular risks to the safety of spectators. The advice that is outlined in this Guide relating to construction work, applies equally to demolition work. However, there is specific legislation relating to demolition work that needs to be complied with.

In England and Wales (excluding Inner London), control over demolition is contained within Sections 80 to 83 of the Building Act 1984 (as amended). Demolition work must also comply with the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 and a Health and Safety plan produced by the principal contractor - see also paragraph 3.1.2 above. Consideration must also be given to the requirements of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, where appropriate, as it may relate to demolition and ‘development’.

Notice of intended demolition must be given to the Local Authority under Section 80 of the Act, unless the demolition is in pursuance of demolition order under Part IX of the Housing Act 1985, an internal part of an occupied building, a building not more than 1,750 cubic feet in volume by external measurement or an agricultural building within the meaning of any of the paragraphs 3 to 7 of Schedule 5 to the Local Government Finance Act 1988.

No person is permitted to begin a demolition unless notice is first given to the Local Authority and either a Counter Notice is given under Section 81 of the Act or six weeks has expired from the giving of the demolition notice under Section 80. Failure to give notice, can result in a fine not exceeding £2,000 on the current scale. The Local Authority is under a duty to give a copy of any Counter Notice served on the demolition contractor to the owner and occupier of any adjoining building and also in particular cases, to statutory undertakers, the Fire Authority and the HSE in the case of “special premises”.

The Local Authority’s Counter Notice is given under Section 82 of the Act and may require the person to whom it is given:

(a) to shore up any building adjacent to the building to which the notice relates;

(b) to weatherproof any surface of an adjacent building which is exposed by the

(c) to repair and make good any damage to an adjacent building caused by the demolition or by the negligent act or omission of any person engaged in it;

(d) to remove material or rubbish resulting from the demolition and clearance ofthe site;

(e) to disconnect and seal at such points as the Local Authority may reasonably require, any sewer or drain in or under the building to be demolished;

(f) to remove any such sewer or drain in or under the building to be demolished

A.1.2

A.1.3

A.1.4

A.1.5

A.1.6

demolition;


(g) and seal any sewer or drain with which the sewer or drain to be removed is connected;

(h) to make good to the satisfaction of the Local Authority the surface of the ground disturbed by anything done under paragraph (e) or (f) above;

(i) to make arrangements with the relevant statutory undertakers for the disconnection of the supply of gas, electricity and water to the building;

(j) to make such arrangements with regard to burning material on site as may be reasonably required by the HSE and/or the Fire Authority; and/or

(k) to take such steps as the Local Authority may consider reasonably necessary for the protection of the public and preservation of public amenity

Before the demolition contractor complies with any requirements of paragraphs (e) and (f) above, he is required give at least 48 hours notice in writing, and before complying with paragraph (g) above, must give at least 24 hours notice in writing to the Local Authority. Failure to give such notice will incur liability to a fine not exceeding £100. Appeal against the Counter Notice under Section 81 of the Act, is contained in Section 83.

Under paragraph (j) above, the Local Authority may wish to consider providing specific requirements, particularly in relation to public health and safety. Such conditions, which should not take precedence over the safety matters outlined in Chapters 1 - 6 of this document, may include the following:

(a) A requirement that the demolition work to be carried out will be in accordance

.

A.1.7

with the requirements of BS 6187 : 1982 (Demolition)

(b) Restricting the duration of demolition work, which should only be carried out when the sports ground is not being used for a specified activity and only between the hours of 0800 and 1800 hours between Monday and Friday and between 0800 hours and 1300 on Saturdays. No work should be allowed to be carried out outside these hours, including Sundays and Bank Holidays, if noisedue to such work is transmitted beyond the site boundary to the detriment of nearby residential properties.

(c) A restriction on all noisy work, which should at all times be kept to a minimumand best practicable means taken to ensure that noise does not pass beyond the boundary of the site. All plant machinery should be properly maintained and operated so as to minimise nuisance. All works should be in compliance with BS 5228 : Parts 1-5 (Noise and Vibration Control on Construction and Open Sites).

which causes a public nuisance.

(e) Prohibiting bonfires that result in either dark or black smoke. Ideally, burning should not be used as a method of waste disposal and in any event smoke orfires should not be a nuisance to the neighbourhood.

(d) Providing adequate precautions to ensure that no dust or odour is released

24


(f) Prohibiting cable burning in situ with a view to the recovery of metal.

(g) Requiring the structure to be demolished, to be carefully examined for any asbestos content prior to any work starting on site. In the event of asbestos being found, its removal should be in accordance with the Asbestos (Licensing) Regulations 1983 and the Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 1987. Approved Codes of Practice are available for both sets of Regulations. The requirements of the Control of Pollution Act 1974 should also be considered.

(h) Requiring adequate fencing or screens to ensure that no unauthorised persons are able to gain access to the demolition area. Where necessary, higher level fine mesh screens should be erected to minimise dust drift. Adequate warning notices should also be provided.

(i) Making arrangements to ensure that no mud or dust is carried from site onto

(j) Providing adequate on-site refuse storage facilities.

(k) In the event of contaminated material being found on site, making adequate arrangements for its storage, examination and subsequent disposal.

(I) Displaying the name and registered office of the demolition contractor in a conspicuous position on the site.

(m) Ensuring that all drains and sewers are to be properly sealed and their whereabouts properly fogged and recorded. No material that could interfere with the flow of the drain/sewer should be allowed to enter the existing drainage system.

' pavements and roads.

A.1.8 The Local Authority is likely to require the submission of Risk Assessments, Health and Safety Plans and Method Statements from the demolition contractor before work is commenced. The Method Statements should include an assessment of risks, including the restrictions placed on the demolition method, (particularly where the site is an inner-city site), the protection to be afforded in sensitive areas e.g. protection scaffolds, plywood crash decks, internal protective screens and .sheeting to external elevations etc., and the method of cutting steel and concrete. The equipment to be used and the propping of the structure to carry temporary loads from debris, plant and equipment should also be considered.

The pulverising of concrete core and terrace areas maybe quite common at re-designed stadia and this needs to be assessed together with the specialist plant involved and consideration of the removal of debris.

Further information and guidance on demolition under Sections 80 - 83 of the Building Act 1984, can be found in Technical Information Note No.6, published by the Institute of Building Control.

A.1.9

A.1.10

25


Appendix B - DSA/LDSA Publications

B.1 The DSA/LDSA Safety of Sports Grounds Committee has produced a number of guidance documents to provide a unified approach to safety at designated sports grounds and regulated stands. These include the following:

SPECIMEN GENERAL SAFETY CERTIFICATE AND GUIDE (referred to as No. 1 Guide) INCLUDING No.1 SUPPLEMENT

This Guide, Specimen General Safety Certificate and Supplement, is intended to provide a unified approach to the issue of safety certificates, principally in relation to designated sports grounds. The aim is to ensure that reasonable safety is maintained through standardised certificate clauses, which can be adapted to suit local conditions.

No.2 GUIDE TO DURING PERFORMANCE INSPECTIONS OF SPECIFIED ACTIVITIES AT SPORTS GROUNDS

This document provides further guidance on the matters to be considered when "during performance" Local Authorities, to assess the holder's ability to comply with the terms and conditions of the safety certificate carry out inspections. The advice complements the Football Licensing Authority's own guidance on monitoring by Certifying Authorities of clubs' compliance with the terms and conditions of safety certificates.

No.3 GUIDE TO CONTROL OVER CONCESSIONAIRE FACILITIES AND OTHER SERVICES AT SPORTS GROUNDS

This document provides further guidance on the matters to be considered when concessionaire and other allied services are provided at sports grounds. The guidance covers catering and hospitality, mobile and fast food stalls, TV and radio broadcast equipment and facilities, betting and gambling facilities, programme and publication sales and finally, souvenir and other retail shops and kiosks.

No.4 GUIDE TO ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL SERVICES IN SPORTS GROUNDS

This document provides detailed advice on electrical and mechanical services at sports grounds for Certifying Authorities and for those responsible for crowd safety at sporting events. The document expands upon the Green Guide advice, and will assist those unfamiliar with electrical and mechanical installations to appreciate some of the related safety issues. The Guide also contains specimen inspection and test certificates.

No. 5 SPECIMEN GENERAL SAFETY CERTIFICATE AND GUIDANCE NOTES FOR REGULATED STANDS

This document complements the first document (No. 1 Guide) above and provides a unified approach to the preparation and drawing up of general safety certificates for regulated stands.

B.2

B.2.1

B.3

B.3.1

B.4

B.4.1

B.5

B.5.1

B.6

B.6.1

26


NOTES

27


Published by LDSA PUBLICATIONS PO Box 266 BROMLEYKENT BR2 9ZN

© Copyright 1999

ISBN 0 9531229 0 6

September 1999

Printed by Tadberry Evedale Limited, Units 1 to 4, 1A Philip Walk, London SE15 3NH


No. 6 - Sports Grounds Safety Authority · No. 6 Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds During Construction The LDSA is a region of the District Surveyors Associations of England and Wales

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