高高高高高高 高高高高高高高 Ultrafast OptoElectronics Laboratory Department of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/ ~oelab/ UOEL 王王王 王 王王王 王 NKNU phys. Master Thesis The measurement and stud y of femto-second gain dynam ics of GaAs single quantum wel l semiconductor laser ampl ifiers 國國國國國國國國國國國國國國國國
NKNU phys. Master Thesis. The measurement and study of femto-second gain dynamics of GaAs single quantum well semiconductor laser amplifiers. 國立彰化師大物理系博士班入學口試. Contents. Chap.1 Introduction Chap.2 GaAs SLA Chap.3 Theory Chap.4 Laser system Chap.5 Gain dynamics Chap.6 Summary - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
UOEL 王尊信 撰王尊信 撰
NKNU phys. Master Thesis
The measurement and study of
femto-second gain dynamics of
GaAs single quantum well
semiconductor laser amplifiers 國立彰化師大物理系博士班入學口試
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
UOEL 王尊信 撰王尊信 撰
Contents
•Chap.1 Introduction
•Chap.2 GaAs SLA
•Chap.3 Theory
•Chap.4 Laser system
•Chap.5 Gain dynamics
•Chap.6 Summary
•Appendix
3
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Advantages & support SLA advantages
Small volume<500 micro-meter Short response time<200ps High gain>30dB Broad band>5T Hz
SLD USA Sarnoff Inc. Single Quantum Well Double Hetero-junction Structure Peak wavelength: 825nm Striped angle:5 deg. Active layer:0.08 micro-meter P-side down
830 <GaAs band-gap wavelength=870nm
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高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Manufactory LI & Spectrum
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高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Structure
substrate
p-metal
p-GaAs
p-confiningactive
p-Al 0.4Ga0.6As(1.5μm)Al 0.04Ga0.96As(0.08μm)
θ
n-confining
p-cap
n-Al 0.4Ga0.6As(1.5μm)
p-GaAs(0.5μm)SiO2(0.01μm)
n-metal
Zinc diffusion
13
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Photos ~bird’s eye & side
14
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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2.3 Mounting system &circuit box
(a)
(b)
21.5°
15
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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自製載台流程
量測樣品長寬高
考慮載台符合各種需求
繪製載台設計圖
實際製作載台
載台是否合乎需求
載台製作是否合乎需求
完成自製載台
是
否
是
否
修改
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高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
UOEL 王尊信 撰王尊信 撰
18
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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2.4 SLD830 measurement
電壓對電流曲線(V-I)
發光對電流曲線(L-I)
頻譜(Spectrum)
穿透電流(transparent
current)
增益曲線(gain curve)
半導體雷射放大器性質量測
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高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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VI
SLAPowerDetector
V
SpectralAnalyzer
GaAs SQW SLA V-I curve
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
I(mA)V(v
olt)
20
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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LIGaAs SQW SLA L-I curve
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
I(mA)
L(μ
W)
GaAs SQW SLA L-I curve
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
I(mA)
L(μ
W)
TMTE
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高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Spectrum ~TE & TM=1:10
22
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Bandwidth=2nm
23
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Transparent current
Lockin
CW Ti:saphhire
chopper
SLA
24
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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SLD-830 transparent current
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
I(mA)
Vol
tage
(μV
)
25mA
25
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Gain curve
Lockin
CW Ti:saphhire
chopper
SLA
powerdetector
26
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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SLD-830 Gain curve
-10
0
10
20
30
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
I (mA)
Gai
n (d
B)
27
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Chap.3 Theory Models 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Pump probe technique 3.3 Semi-phenomenological model
28
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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3.1 Introduction
cm
kcEE
2
22
vm
kvEE
2
22
Where:mc: electron effective mass in conduction bandmv: hole effective mass in valance bandEc: bottom energy of conduction bandEv: top energy of valance bandEg( energy gap)=Ec-Ev
In semiconductors: two level energy model+ energy conservation law + momentum conservation law+ boundary conditions
29
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Well known equations Optical joint density of states Fermi Golden Rule Lorentzian line-shape function
30
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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R: index , I: gain
phph
phphvphc
Eg
phR dT
ffM
22
2 /1)()()()(
ph
ph
phvphc
Eg
phI dT
TffM
22
2
22
/1)(
/1)()()(
31
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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32
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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3.2 Pump probe technique
where: h(t): resonance function G(2)(t):convolution of h(t) S(τ): auto-correlation function of G(2)(t)
)()(*)()()(*)( )2(111 tGthdtttItIdtthdtS
33
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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3.3 Semi-phenomenological model
1989 AT&T G.P. Agrawal
where: Vg: group velocity g(N): gain α: Line-width Enhancement Factor
ANgit
A
vz
A
g
)()1(2
11
34
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
delay Two beams pump probe/three beams Parallel polarization/orthogonal
polarization Refraction /reflection
46
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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5.2 Pump probe system System
requirements Experiment
sketch
47
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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System requirements Pump & probe power tunable Pump & probe polarization tunable Wavelength tunable SLA driving current tunable Time delay tunable Alignment requirement Fine tuning and double check
48
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Experiment sketch
49
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/
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Data acquisition &instrument control
Detector
stepper
chopper
λ/2λ/2
ND Filter30/70 BS
70/30 BS
SLA
Ti:SA Laser
probe
pump Dataacquisition
PC
50
高師大物理系 超快光電實驗室Ultrafast OptoElectronics LaboratoryDepartment of Physics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-7-7172930 Ext. 3273 Fax: 886-7-7111681 WWW: http://www.nknu.edu.tw/~oelab/