NIQ #4: Classification Chapter 2 Section 2
Dec 30, 2015
NIQ #4: ClassificationChapter 2 Section 2
Why do scientists classify? 1. What is classification?
The process of grouping things based on their similarities
2. Why do students use classification?
How is it useful to you as students? Binders Lockers Find things easier in stores Closest (shoes)
Taxonomy
3. The scientific study of how living things are classified is called taxonomy.
4. Kaz: What’s it look it? All fish have:
Fins Scales Need water to live Gills 2 eyes 1 mouth
Vocabulary 1. Classification: The
process of grouping things based on their similarities
Example: You can classify animals by where they live.
Vocabulary 2. Taxonomy: The scientific study of
how living things are classified.
Vocabulary
3. Binomial Nomenclature: The for naming organisms in which each
organism is given a unique, two-part scientific name.
Example: Periplaneta americana (common cockroach)
The Naming System of Linnaeus
5. Taxonomy also involves naming organisms.
6. Carolus Linnaeus: Swedish scientist who devised a naming system.
Linnaeus put organisms in groups based on their observable features.
Classification How could you classify these things?
Classification
It is always changing because scientists are always coming up with new idea
There are new species and ideas that prove old things inaccurate
Classification 8. The naming system is called binomial
nomenclature. 9. The word “binomial” means “two names”.
Genus Species
Binomial Nomenclature Genus: Classification grouping that contains
similar, closely related organisms Example: Felis Like your last name (general name
given to your entire family) Genus = General!
Binomial Nomenclature Species: A group of similar organisms that
can mate Example: monax Like your first name (specific name
to you to separate you from the rest of your family)
Species= Specific!
Binomial Nomenclature 10. BOTH words are in italics and only the
first word is capitalized. Example: Marmota monax (Groundhog or
woodchuck)
Together the two words indicate a unique species!
Binomial Nomenclature 11. Why is it useful around the world? So there is so confusion to which organisms
that someone is talking about For example: Here we have groundhogs, but some other places they call them whistlepigs.
Binomial Nomenclature 12. Why did Linnaeus use Latin? It was the language that all scientists spoke
at that point in time. It was a common language to scientists.
Levels of Classification 13. Most classifications today use a series of
eight levels to classify organisms. 14. The classification groups start out
general and are then divided into more specific groups.
15. The more classification levels that two organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common.
Levels of Classification
DOMAIN HighestKINGDOM LevelPHYLA: (singular is phylum)CLASSESORDERSFAMILIESGENERA: (singular is genus)
LowestSPECIES Level
Classifying an Owl (p.46)
17. As you move down the levels (from Domain to Species), there are fewer organisms in each group.
18. The organisms in the lower groups have more in common.
Vocabulary 4. Genus: Classification grouping
that contains similar, closely related organisms
5. Species: A group of similar organisms that can mate
6. Prokaryote: An organism whose cells lack nuclei in them.
Vocabulary 7. Nucleus: The control center of a
eukaryotic cell that directs the cell’s activity and contain the information that determines the cell’s form and function.
8. Eukaryote: An organism who’s cells contain nuclei.
9. Competition: The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resource.