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Page 1: Nidrajanana drugs a scientific review

WEL COME1

Dr.Bidhan MahajonDr.Bidhan Mahajon

Bidhan Mahajon
Page 2: Nidrajanana drugs a scientific review

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"Nidraajanana" "Nidraajanana" DrugsDrugs

A scientific reviewA scientific review

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ScholarScholar

Dr.Bidhan MahajonDr.Bidhan Mahajon

GuideGuide

Dr. Remadevi.R. MD(AYU) Dr. Remadevi.R. MD(AYU)

Professor and H.O.D Professor and H.O.D

Department of Dravyaguna VijnanamDepartment of Dravyaguna Vijnanam V.P.S.V. Ayurveda CollegeV.P.S.V. Ayurveda College

Kottakkal Kottakkal 6

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ContentsContents IntroductionIntroduction

Modern view of sleep, Insomnia & its managementModern view of sleep, Insomnia & its management

Ayurvedic view of Nidra,Anidra & its managementAyurvedic view of Nidra,Anidra & its management

Pharmacodynamics of Nidrajanana DrugsPharmacodynamics of Nidrajanana Drugs

Scope of further research Scope of further research

Conclusion Conclusion

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Prevalence of InsomniaPrevalence of Insomnia

About 30% of adults have insomnia.About 30% of adults have insomnia.

About 10% of adults, severe insomnia.About 10% of adults, severe insomnia.

Less than 10% of adults chronic insomnia.Less than 10% of adults chronic insomnia.

88

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Demand of Safe Option

20,000 species are being used

40% of Population are depending on alternative or complimentary therapies.

They spent over $27 billion.

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SleepSleep

12

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William Dement, founder of Stanford

University's Sleep Research Centre.

"As far as I know, the only reason we need to sleep that is really, really solid is because we get sleepy."

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DefinitionDefinition

Naturally recurring state characterized by- Naturally recurring state characterized by- 

Diminished consciousness Diminished consciousness 

Inhibition of sensory activity Inhibition of sensory activity

Inhibition of voluntary musclesInhibition of voluntary muscles

Diminished reaction to stimuli Diminished reaction to stimuli

  14

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Sleep DurationSleep Duration

““Sleeping for six to seven hours each night, Increase Sleeping for six to seven hours each night, Increase life span.”life span.”

““Sleeping more than 7 to 8 hours per day has been Sleeping more than 7 to 8 hours per day has been consistently associated with increased mortality.” consistently associated with increased mortality.”

““Reduced morbidity only occurs with those who Reduced morbidity only occurs with those who wake naturally, rather than those who use an alarm”.wake naturally, rather than those who use an alarm”.

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Sleep, Regulated by GeneticsSleep, Regulated by Genetics

ABCC9 ABCC9 

DEC2DEC2

((Neurology professor Ying-Hui FuNeurology professor Ying-Hui Fu))19

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InternationalInternational classification of sleep disorders classification of sleep disorders

Six major categories:Six major categories:

InsomniaInsomnia

Sleep related breathing disordersSleep related breathing disorders

HypersomniasHypersomnias

Circadian rhythm sleep disorderCircadian rhythm sleep disorder

ParasomniaParasomnia

Sleep related movement disordersSleep related movement disorders21

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InsomniaInsomnia

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InsomniaInsomnia

Hard time initiating sleep.Hard time initiating sleep.

Struggle to maintain sleep.Struggle to maintain sleep.

Waking up frequently during the night.Waking up frequently during the night.

Tend to wake up too early. Tend to wake up too early.

Sleep is non restorative or of poor quality. Sleep is non restorative or of poor quality. 23

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Types of insomniaTypes of insomnia

Two types of insomnia – Two types of insomnia –

1.Primary- Drug abuse or medications.1.Primary- Drug abuse or medications.

2.Secondary- Primary medical illness, mental 2.Secondary- Primary medical illness, mental disorders or other sleep disorders. disorders or other sleep disorders.

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Types of InsomniaTypes of Insomnia

Adjustment insomniaAdjustment insomnia

Behavioural insomniaBehavioural insomnia

Idiopathic insomniaIdiopathic insomnia

Inadequate sleep hygieneInadequate sleep hygiene

Paradoxical insomniaParadoxical insomnia

Psychophysiological insomniaPsychophysiological insomnia

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General Management of General Management of InsomniaInsomnia

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SedativesSedativesBenzodiazepinesBenzodiazepinesAntipsychoticsAntipsychotics

HypnoticsHypnoticsAntihistaminesAntihistaminesZolpidemZolpidemBenzodiazepines (rapid onset, short t1/2)Benzodiazepines (rapid onset, short t1/2)

AnxiolyticsAnxiolyticsBenzodiazepines (acute)Benzodiazepines (acute)Antidepressants (chronic)Antidepressants (chronic)

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““NIDRA”NIDRA”

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What is nidra? What is nidra?

““Nindyate iti nidra”(Sabdakalpadrumam)Nindyate iti nidra”(Sabdakalpadrumam)

Avasthaa of mind:Avasthaa of mind:

Jaagradavastha Jaagradavastha

Svapnavastha Svapnavastha

Sushuptiavastha Sushuptiavastha

TureeyavasthaTureeyavastha29

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Nidra-when and why?Nidra-when and why?

""यदा� तु� मनसि क्ला�न्तु� कम��त्म�न� क्लाम�न्विन्�तु��।यदा� तु� मनसि क्ला�न्तु� कम��त्म�न� क्लाम�न्विन्�तु��।

वि�षय�भ्य� विन�तु�न्तु� तुदा� स्�वि�वितु म�न��॥“वि�षय�भ्य� विन�तु�न्तु� तुदा� स्�वि�वितु म�न��॥“

((चच..��--२१२१//३५३५))

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Nidra- when and why?Nidra- when and why?

""ह्र्दायम$ च�तुन�स्था�नम�क्तम$ �श्रु�तु दा�वि(न�म$ ह्र्दायम$ च�तुन�स्था�नम�क्तम$ �श्रु�तु दा�वि(न�म$ ||||

तुम�तुम�भि**+तु�भि**+तु� तुस्मिंस्म-स्तु� तुस्मिंस्म-स्तु� विनद्रा�विनद्रा� वि�शवितु दा�वि(नम$॥ वि�शवितु दा�वि(नम$॥

विनद्रा(�तु�स्तुम� त्�0 बो�धन� (�तु�रुच्यतु� विनद्रा(�तु�स्तुम� त्�0 बो�धन� (�तु�रुच्यतु�

स्�*��स्�*�� ए� ए� �� (�तु�र्ग�री8यन$ �रिरीक:त्य�तु�॥�� (�तु�र्ग�री8यन$ �रिरीक:त्य�तु�॥

(Su. Sha.-4(Su. Sha.-4//3535) )

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According to vaagbhataAccording to vaagbhata

"ला�क�दिदा र्ग�प्र*�� तुम�म�ला�तुम�म�ला� तुम�मय8 तुम�मय8 ��हुल्य�त्तम� री�त्रौA विनद्रा� प्र�य�न जा�यतु� श्ले�ष्म�Eत्त�ष� स्रो�तु�� श्रुम�दु�रीतु�ष� च।इन्द्रिन्द्राय�ष� स्�कम�भ्य� विनद्रा� वि�शवितु दा�वि(न�म$॥"

(As.sa.su 9) (As.sa.su 9)

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Types of nidra Types of nidra

“ “ तुम�*�� श्ले�ष्म म�द्भ�� चतुम�*�� श्ले�ष्म म�द्भ�� च

मनशरी8री श्रुम म्भ�� च मनशरी8री श्रुम म्भ�� च

आर्गन्तु�क: व्या�ध्यन��र्तितु-न8 च$ आर्गन्तु�क: व्या�ध्यन��र्तितु-न8 च$

री�वित्रौ स्�*�� प्र*�� च विनद्रा�री�वित्रौ स्�*�� प्र*�� च विनद्रा� ||”||”

(Ch.su21/58) (Ch.su21/58)

33

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3 Types of Nidra3 Types of Nidra

VaishnaviVaishnavi

TaamasiTaamasi

VaikaarikiVaikaariki

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Effects of NidraEffects of Nidra

“विनद्रा�तु� �वि�तु�क�ला�ध�तु� �म्यतु� इन्द्रिन्द्रात्�म$ ��विQम$

�र्ण�म$ बोला�त्�(म$ �ह्निTदाUन्विVतु करी�वितु वि( ||”

(B.P.5/3-5) (B.P.5/3-5)

35

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Unhealthy Nidra habits Unhealthy Nidra habits

‘‘Divaasvapna’Divaasvapna’

‘ ‘Raatrijaagarana’ Raatrijaagarana’

3636

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AnidraAnidra

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ClassificationClassification

SvatantraSvatantra

ParatantraParatantra

38

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Anidra, not in all Vata rogas

Diseases where the Shula (pain) exists

Many psychic conditions

39

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Samprapti

40

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Nidana

41

Aharaja,Viharaja & Anya

Manasika

Increased Vata

Increased pitta

Decreased kapha

Increased satva

Increased raja

Decreased Tama

Kapha kshaya Tama kshaya

Lack of Sleshma Tama avarana to Sanjnavaha srota

Nidra Nasha

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ManagementManagement

External and Internal medication

Psychic management (Adravyachikitsa)

Yoga

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Pharmacodynamics Pharmacodynamics

of of

Nidrajanana drugsNidrajanana drugs

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""विनद्रा�श्ले�ष्मतुम*��“विनद्रा�श्ले�ष्मतुम*��“ Responsible Dosa for Anidra:Responsible Dosa for Anidra:

Vata-NidranashaVata-Nidranasha

Pitta-AlpanidraPitta-Alpanidra

Nidrajanana Drug - Vata, Pitta Nidrajanana Drug - Vata, Pitta samaksamak

48

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""ओजा�म�त्मकओजा�म�त्मक……”……”

(Ca.Su-17/76,77)(Ca.Su-17/76,77)

49

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How madakari dravya induce sleep??How madakari dravya induce sleep??

""बो�भिZला�म्पवितु यदा$द्रा$व्या0 मदाक�रिरी तुदुच्यतु�। बो�भिZला�म्पवितु यदा$द्रा$व्या0 मदाक�रिरी तुदुच्यतु�।

तुम�र्ग�र्णप्रध�न0 तुम�र्ग�र्णप्रध�न0 च यथा� मद्यं0 �री�दिदाकम$॥च यथा� मद्यं0 �री�दिदाकम$॥" "

((श�श�..00..����--४४//२१२१))

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Guna of Madakaari Dravya

Laghu, Ushna, Rooksha, Teekshna, Khara etcLaghu, Ushna, Rooksha, Teekshna, Khara etc

र्ग�रु श8तु0 मEदु स्निस्नग्ध0 बो(ला0 मध�री0 स्थिस्थारीम$। र्ग�रु श8तु0 मEदु स्निस्नग्ध0 बो(ला0 मध�री0 स्थिस्थारीम$।

प्रन्नं0 वि�स्थिcला0 श्लेक्ष्र्णप्रन्नं0 वि�स्थिcला0 श्लेक्ष्र्णम�जा�म�जा� दाशर्ग�र्ण0 स्मEतुम$॥ दाशर्ग�र्ण0 स्मEतुम$॥

((चच..सिचसिच--२४२४))

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How madakari dravya induce sleep??How madakari dravya induce sleep??

Visramsa: “Visramsa: “न्धिfवि�श्ले�ष� र्ग�त्रौ�न�0दान0 दा�षच्य�न0न्धिfवि�श्ले�ष� र्ग�त्रौ�न�0दान0 दा�षच्य�न0 विgय�सिन्नंरी�धश्च विgय�सिन्नंरी�धश्च वि�स्रो0�॥वि�स्रो0�॥””

Vyapada: Vyapada: ““स्तुब्धर्ग�रुर्ग�त्रौतु���तुश�फो��र्ण�*�दा�ग्ला�विनस्तुब्धर्ग�रुर्ग�त्रौतु���तुश�फो��र्ण�*�दा�ग्ला�विन स्तुन्द्रा�स्तुन्द्रा� विनद्रा� विनद्रा� च व्या��न्नं�॥च व्या��न्नं�॥””

Kshaya:Kshaya: ““म+c��म+c��म�0क्षय�म�(� प्रला��� म�0क्षय�म�(� प्रला��� मरीर्णह्निमवितुमरीर्णह्निमवितु च क्षय�॥ च क्षय�॥””

((��..++--१५१५) )

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How madakari dravya induce sleep??How madakari dravya induce sleep??

Madakari (Madya,Ahiphen etc)

Acts on oja (By opposite guna)

Visramsa(Displaced)

Vyapada(Mixed with dosha)

Nidraa(Vaikariki nidra)

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Vikaasi Dravya

न्धिfबोf�स्तु�0 भिशसिथाला�न्यत्करी�वितु वि�कभिश तुतु$॥न्धिfबोf�स्तु�0 भिशसिथाला�न्यत्करी�वितु वि�कभिश तुतु$॥

वि�श्ले�ष्य�जाश्चवि�श्ले�ष्य�जाश्च ध�तु�भ्य� यथा� gम�क क�द्रा���॥ ध�तु�भ्य� यथा� gम�क क�द्रा���॥

((श�श�..प्रप्र--४४//२०२०--२१२१))

Kramuka-Areca catechu(L.)Kramuka-Areca catechu(L.)

Arecolin-SedativeArecolin-Sedative55

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How milk induce sleep??How milk induce sleep??

Shresta Nidraa janakamShresta Nidraa janakam

56

“.....�थ्य0 ��तुवि�त्त वि�क�रिरीर्ण�म॥" (च.+-१)

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How milk induce sleep??How milk induce sleep??

Similar guna with ojaSimilar guna with oja

Acts oja-Acts oja-ओजा��EZ� वि( दा�(स्यओजा��EZ� वि( दा�(स्य तु�विQ��विQबोला�दाय�॥तु�विQ��विQबोला�दाय�॥””

((अअ..विoविo..++--११११//४१४१))

Acts on Kapha-SatvaActs on Kapha-Satva

57

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Mode of action of Nidraajanana DrugsMode of action of Nidraajanana Drugs

Acts on tama-imbalance of oja-sleepActs on tama-imbalance of oja-sleep

Acts on kapha-oja-satva-sleepActs on kapha-oja-satva-sleep

58

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Manasamitra Vataka Manasamitra Vataka

““While the Clonazepam group saw a 67% improved While the Clonazepam group saw a 67% improved disposition, the Manasamitra Vataka group experienced disposition, the Manasamitra Vataka group experienced an average improvement  of 73%. The group who also an average improvement  of 73%. The group who also received Shirodhara therapy saw the most dramatic received Shirodhara therapy saw the most dramatic change, with a 91% improvement in symptoms”. change, with a 91% improvement in symptoms”.

(NIMHANS) (NIMHANS)

60

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Mode of drug selectionMode of drug selection

Kapha vardhaka

Satvaguna vardhaka

61

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Mode of drug selectionMode of drug selection

Snigdha,Picchila-SankhapuspiSnigdha,Picchila-Sankhapuspi

Madhura,Snigdha-JathaamaansiMadhura,Snigdha-Jathaamaansi

Snigdha,Madhura,Sheeta-KusmandaSnigdha,Madhura,Sheeta-Kusmanda

Sugandhi,Jivaniya,RasayaniyaSugandhi,Jivaniya,Rasayaniya62

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Mode of action of Mode of action of some common some common

drugsdrugs

63

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Table: Ayurvedic plants proved as sedative

64

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65

Table: Ayurvedic plants proved as sedative

65 04/09/23

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Vatasamana Drugs

66

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Sarpagandha(Amalpori)Sarpagandha(Amalpori)

Rouwolfia serpentina(Kuz.)

Family-Apocynaceae

Rasa-Tikta,katu

Guna-Ruksha

Vipaka-Katu

Veerya-Ushna

Useful part-Root

67

""कफो��तु(री� विनद्रा�प्रदा� oEदा��दिदान8कफो��तु(री� विनद्रा�प्रदा� oEदा��दिदान8" " ((*�*�..प्रप्र))

Page 68: Nidrajanana drugs a scientific review

Ashwagandha(Amukkuram)Ashwagandha(Amukkuram)

Withania somnifera(L)Withania somnifera(L)

Family –SolanaceaeFamily –Solanaceae

Rasa-Katu,Tikta,KasayaRasa-Katu,Tikta,Kasaya

Guna-Laghu,SnigdhaGuna-Laghu,Snigdha

Veerya-UshmaVeerya-Ushma

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Useful part-RootUseful part-Root

68

"म�रुतुन्धिpन- म�रुतुम$ ��तुवि�क�रीम$ (न्विन्तु" (�.विन)

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Ashwagandha(Amukkuram)

GABA mimetic action- Sedative

-Anticonvulsive

(Kulkarni SK, et al)

Stress-induced changes of dopamine Stress-induced changes of dopamine receptors in the corpus striatum.receptors in the corpus striatum.

(Upton R, ed: Amer Herbal Pharmacopoeia 2000:1-25.)(Upton R, ed: Amer Herbal Pharmacopoeia 2000:1-25.)69

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Jyotismati(Cherupunna)Jyotismati(Cherupunna)

Celastrus paniculatus(L.)

Family- Celastraceae

Rasa-Katu,Tkta

Guna-Ruksha,Tikshna

Vipaka-Katu

Veerya-Ushna

Bha.Pra.

“Vahnibuddhismritiprada”

04/09/23

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Jathamansi(Jatamanci)Jathamansi(Jatamanci)

71

Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora DC.DC.

Family-ValerianaceaeFamily-Valerianaceae

Rasa-Tikta,Kasaya,MadhuraRasa-Tikta,Kasaya,Madhura

Guna-Laghu,SnigdhaGuna-Laghu,Snigdha

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Veerya-SheetaVeerya-Sheeta

""म�0सि वितुक्त� कष�य� च म�ध्य� क�न्विन्तु�लाप्रदा�म�0सि वितुक्त� कष�य� च म�ध्य� क�न्विन्तु�लाप्रदा�" " ((*�*�..प्रप्र.. ))

Page 72: Nidrajanana drugs a scientific review

Jathamansi(Jatamanci)Jathamansi(Jatamanci)

Antidepressant activity:Antidepressant activity:

Norepinephrine (NE)Norepinephrine (NE)

Dopamine (DA)Dopamine (DA)

Serotonin (5-HT)Serotonin (5-HT)

5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)

Gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA)Gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA)

(Prabhu V et al)(Prabhu V et al)

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Tagara(Tagaram)Tagara(Tagaram)

73

Valeriana officinalis Valeriana officinalis Linn.Linn.

Family-ValerianaceaeFamily-Valerianaceae

Rasa-Tikta,Katu,KasayaRasa-Tikta,Katu,Kasaya

Guna-Laghu,SnigdhaGuna-Laghu,Snigdha

Veerya-UshmaVeerya-Ushma

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Karma-Kapha,Vata haraKarma-Kapha,Vata hara

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Tagaram...Tagaram...

Anxiolytic - 6-methylapigenin (MA) Anxiolytic - 6-methylapigenin (MA)

Sedative - glycoside 2S (-) hesperidin (HN)Sedative - glycoside 2S (-) hesperidin (HN)

Glycoside linarin (LN)Glycoside linarin (LN)

(Fernández et al) (Fernández et al)

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Tagaram...Tagaram...

INTERACTIONS: INTERACTIONS:

May potentiate the effect of alcoholMay potentiate the effect of alcohol

CNS depressantsCNS depressants

Sedatives. Sedatives.

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Vachaa(Vayambu)Vachaa(Vayambu)

Acorus calamus Acorus calamus Linn.Linn.

Family-AraceaeFamily-Araceae

Rasa-Katu,TiktaRasa-Katu,Tikta

Guna-Laghu,TikshnaGuna-Laghu,Tikshna

Veerya-UshnaVeerya-Ushna

Vipaaka-KatuVipaaka-Katu

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Vachaa(Vayambu)

Acorus oil - Sedative-tranquillizingactionAcorus oil - Sedative-tranquillizingaction

Roots and Rhizomes CNS depressantRoots and Rhizomes CNS depressant

Leaves analeptic/ CNS stimulant activityLeaves analeptic/ CNS stimulant activity

77

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Pitta Samanam Drugs

78

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Brahmi (Nirbrahmi)Brahmi (Nirbrahmi)Bacopa monnieri[Linn]Pennel

Family-Scrophulariaceae

Rasa-Tikta,Kasaya.

Guna-Laghu,Sara

Vipaka-Madhura

Veerya-Sheeta

Part use-Whole plant

79""ब्रा�ह्मिw तु� वि�स्निxला�य�ष्य�री�न्म�दावि�न�भिशविन“ब्रा�ह्मिw तु� वि�स्निxला�य�ष्य�री�न्म�दावि�न�भिशविन“ ((��..विनविन))

Page 80: Nidrajanana drugs a scientific review

Adverse reactionsAdverse reactions

Gastrointestinal upset

Nausea.

Drowsiness.

Brahmoside and brahminoside- sedative effects.

80

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Mandukaparni(Muttil)Mandukaparni(Muttil) Centella asiatica (Centella asiatica (Linn).Linn).

Family-ApiaceaeFamily-ApiaceaeRasa-Tikta,Kasaya,MadhuraRasa-Tikta,Kasaya,MadhuraGuna-LaghuGuna-LaghuVipaka-MadhuraVipaka-MadhuraVeerya-SheetaVeerya-Sheeta

81

""मन्डू+क�र्णिर्ण-क� लाव्ध8 स्��दु��क� वि(म� री�“मन्डू+क�र्णिर्ण-क� लाव्ध8 स्��दु��क� वि(म� री�“ ((श�श�..विनविन))

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ShankhapuspiShankhapuspi

82

Clitoria ternatea Linn.

Rasa-Tikta,Katu,Kasaya

Guna-Teekshna,Laghu

Vipaka-Katu

Veerya-Sheeta

Convolvulus plauricaulis Linn.

Rasa-Tikta

Guna-Snigdha,Picchila

Vipaka-Madhura

Veerya-Sheeta

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ShankhapuspiShankhapuspi

83

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Madakari Drugs

84

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85

Dhatura(Ummath)Dhatura(Ummath) Datura stramonium Linn.Datura stramonium Linn.

Family-SolanaceaeFamily-Solanaceae

Rasa- Tikta,KatuRasa- Tikta,Katu

Guna- Laghu,RukshaGuna- Laghu,Ruksha

Veerya-UshmaVeerya-Ushma

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

""उन्मत्तउन्मत्त--मदाकE त्��तु$ इवितु उन्मत्तमदाकE त्��तु$ इवितु उन्मत्त"("(विनविन..आआ))

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86

BhangaaBhangaa

Cannabis sativa Linn.Cannabis sativa Linn.

Family-CannaacebinaeFamily-Cannaacebinae

Rasa-TiktaRasa-Tikta

Guna-Laghu,TeekshnaGuna-Laghu,Teekshna

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Veerya-UshnaVeerya-Ushna

Prabhava-MadakariPrabhava-Madakari

Page 87: Nidrajanana drugs a scientific review

Some Common Some Common Drugs Drugs

We Can UseWe Can Use

87

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88

Harichandanam(Manaranjitam)

Artabortys hexapetalus (L.F)Artabortys hexapetalus (L.F) Family- AnnonaceaeFamily- Annonaceae

Leaves is proved sedative Leaves is proved sedative

04/09/23

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89

Parasikayavani(Amukkiram)Parasikayavani(Amukkiram) Hyocyamus niger Hyocyamus niger Linn.Linn.

Family- SolanaceaeFamily- Solanaceae

Rasa-Tikta,Katu,KasayaRasa-Tikta,Katu,Kasaya

Guna-Rooksha,GuruGuna-Rooksha,Guru

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Veerya-UshnaVeerya-Ushna

Prabhava-MadakariPrabhava-Madakari

Kapha,VataharaKapha,Vatahara

Useful part-Seed,Leaves,FlowerUseful part-Seed,Leaves,Flower

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90

Lajjalu(Thottavati)Mimosa pudica Mimosa pudica Linn.Linn.

Family-MimosaceaeFamily-Mimosaceae

Rasa-Kasaya,TiktaRasa-Kasaya,Tikta

Guna-Laghu,RukshaGuna-Laghu,Ruksha

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Veerya- SheetaVeerya- Sheeta

Useful part- Root,LeavesUseful part- Root,Leaves

""लाज्जा��तु8 म�लावि�सिलाVतु ��भिर्ण�लाज्जा��तु8 म�लावि�सिलाVतु ��भिर्ण�........र्गEह्णा�वितु ���न$ भ्रमतु� अवितुघो�री�न$र्गEह्णा�वितु ���न$ भ्रमतु� अवितुघो�री�न$”” ((री�जाम�तु�न्डूरी�जाम�तु�न्डू))

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91

Saptaparnah(Elilampala)Saptaparnah(Elilampala)

Alstonia scholaris Linn.Alstonia scholaris Linn. Family- ApocynaceaeFamily- Apocynaceae Rasa-Tikta,KasayaRasa-Tikta,Kasaya Guna-Laghu,snigdhaGuna-Laghu,snigdha Vipaka-KatuVipaka-KatuVeerya- UshnaVeerya- Ushna Tridosa shamanaTridosa shamana (Ra.Ni)(Ra.Ni)

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92

Vrikkabeejah(Kasumaavu)Vrikkabeejah(Kasumaavu)

Anacardium occidentale( L.)Anacardium occidentale( L.)

Shaaligraam NighantuShaaligraam Nighantu

- SnigdhaSnigdha

- Kasaya,MadhuramKasaya,Madhuram

- KaphavaataharamKaphavaataharam

Essential oil of the plant is sedativeEssential oil of the plant is sedative

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93

Mustaka(MutthangaMustaka(Mutthanga)) Cyperus rotundus(Linn.)Cyperus rotundus(Linn.)

Family-CyperaceaeFamily-Cyperaceae

Rasa-Tikta,Katu,KasayamRasa-Tikta,Katu,Kasayam

Guna-Laghu.RukshaGuna-Laghu.Ruksha

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Veerya-SheetaVeerya-Sheeta

Kapha,Pitta haraKapha,Pitta hara

Ni.Ra-MedhyaNi.Ra-Medhya

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94

VrikshaadaniVrikshaadani

Viscus album (L.)Viscus album (L.)

Family-LoranthaceaeFamily-Loranthaceae

Bha.Pra-Bha.Pra-

Tikta,Kasaya,Madhura RasaTikta,Kasaya,Madhura Rasa

Sheeta VeeryamSheeta Veeryam

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95

Gandhatrina(Inchippollu)Gandhatrina(Inchippollu)

Cymbopogon citratus(B.C)Cymbopogon citratus(B.C)

Family-PoaceaeFamily-Poaceae

Bha.Pra.Ni-Katu,Tikta RasaBha.Pra.Ni-Katu,Tikta Rasa

Laghu,Ruksha-GunaLaghu,Ruksha-Guna

Katu-VipakaKatu-Vipaka

Ushna-VeeryaUshna-Veerya

KaphasamanaKaphasamana

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96

Passion fruitPassion fruit

• Passiflora incarnata(L.)Passiflora incarnata(L.)

• Family-PassifloraceaeFamily-Passifloraceae

• Whole plant-SedativeWhole plant-Sedative

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97

ElaaElaa Elettaria cardamomum(Maton)Elettaria cardamomum(Maton)

Family-ScitaminaeFamily-Scitaminae

Rasa-Katu,MadhuramRasa-Katu,Madhuram

Guna-Laghu,Ruksha,SukshmaGuna-Laghu,Ruksha,Sukshma

Veerya-SheetaVeerya-Sheeta

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

(Bha.Pra.Ni)(Bha.Pra.Ni)

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Scope of researchScope of research

98

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99

Yastimadhu(Iratti madhuram)Yastimadhu(Iratti madhuram)

Glycyrrhiza glabra(Linn.)Glycyrrhiza glabra(Linn.)

Family-FabaceaeFamily-Fabaceae

Rasa-MadhuraRasa-Madhura

Guna-Guru,SnigdhaGuna-Guru,Snigdha

Vipaka- MadhuraVipaka- Madhura

Veerya-SheetaVeerya-Sheeta

Tridosa haramTridosa haram

(Bha.Pra Ni)(Bha.Pra Ni)

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100

Jiraka(Jirakam)Jiraka(Jirakam)

• Cuminum cyminum(Linn.)Cuminum cyminum(Linn.)

• Family-UmbelliferaeFamily-Umbelliferae

• Dhn.Ni- ManognamDhn.Ni- Manognam

HridyamHridyam

• Kai.Ni- MedhyamKai.Ni- Medhyam

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101

Varttaki(VazhuthinaVarttaki(Vazhuthina))

Solanum melongena(Linn)Solanum melongena(Linn)

Family-SolanaceaeFamily-Solanaceae

Ra.Ni- NidraluRa.Ni- Nidralu

Rasa-MadhuraRasa-Madhura

Guna-Laghu,TeekshnaGuna-Laghu,Teekshna

Vipaka-KatuVipaka-Katu

Veerya-UshnaVeerya-Ushna

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102102

Upodika(VasalachiraUpodika(Vasalachira))

Basella alba(Linn.)Basella alba(Linn.)

Family-BasellaceaeFamily-Basellaceae

(Bha.Pra. & (Bha.Pra. & Kai.Ni,Atreya)-Kai.Ni,Atreya)-

Kapha bardhanam,VatasamakaKapha bardhanam,Vatasamaka

Hanti madamHanti madam

NidraluNidralu

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103103

Changeri(Puliyarel)Changeri(Puliyarel) Oxalis corniculata(Linn.)Oxalis corniculata(Linn.)

Family-OxalidaceaeFamily-Oxalidaceae

Rasa-Amla,KasayaRasa-Amla,Kasaya

Guna-Laghu,RukshaGuna-Laghu,Ruksha

Veerya-UshnaVeerya-Ushna

Vipaka-AmlaVipaka-Amla

Kapha, VataharamKapha, Vataharam

(Bha.Pra.Ni) (Dh.Ni)(Bha.Pra.Ni) (Dh.Ni)

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104

Scope of research….Scope of research….

The bandanging of the root of Kakamachi or The bandanging of the root of Kakamachi or

Kakajangha or Apamarga or Kokilaksha or Kakajangha or Apamarga or Kokilaksha or

suparnika (Bakuchi) with hair.suparnika (Bakuchi) with hair.

(Ha. Sam. & B.P.)(Ha. Sam. & B.P.)

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105

Scope of Research…Scope of Research…

Use of bronze vesselUse of bronze vessel The use of banana leaf The use of banana leaf (Ha. Sam.).(Ha. Sam.).

Page 106: Nidrajanana drugs a scientific review

ConclusionConclusionNidra is natural physiological process

Mode of action of Nidrajanana drugs two way

Nidrajanana should process kapha,oja,satva vardhak property

106

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of piper nigrum l. fruits on midazolam induced hypnosis in rats. of piper nigrum l. fruits on midazolam induced hypnosis in rats. International Journal of Pharmacology & Toxicology 2013; 3(1)5-8. International Journal of Pharmacology & Toxicology 2013; 3(1)5-8.

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58. Ratnasooriya WD. Sedative effect of hot flower Infusion of 58. Ratnasooriya WD. Sedative effect of hot flower Infusion of Nyctanthus arbo-tristis on Rats. Pharmaceutic Biology 2005; 43(2)1-7. Nyctanthus arbo-tristis on Rats. Pharmaceutic Biology 2005; 43(2)1-7.

59. Rinaldi F, Himwich HE. A comparison of effects of reserpine and 59. Rinaldi F, Himwich HE. A comparison of effects of reserpine and some barbiturates on the electrical activity of cortical and subcortical some barbiturates on the electrical activity of cortical and subcortical structures of the brain of rabbits. Annals of the New York Academy of structures of the brain of rabbits. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1955; (61):27–35. Sciences 1955; (61):27–35.

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56. Gayasuddin, Parvez, Iqbal, Venkataiah G. Effect of ethanolic extract . Gayasuddin, Parvez, Iqbal, Venkataiah G. Effect of ethanolic extract of piper nigrum l. fruits on midazolam induced hypnosis in rats. of piper nigrum l. fruits on midazolam induced hypnosis in rats. International Journal of Pharmacology & Toxicology 2013; 3(1)5-8. International Journal of Pharmacology & Toxicology 2013; 3(1)5-8.

57. Ganeshchandra, Vikram S, Veena K, Sanjay B. Behavioural actions 57. Ganeshchandra, Vikram S, Veena K, Sanjay B. Behavioural actions of Myristica fragrans. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2001; 33:417-24. of Myristica fragrans. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2001; 33:417-24.

58. Ratnasooriya WD. Sedative effect of hot flower Infusion of 58. Ratnasooriya WD. Sedative effect of hot flower Infusion of Nyctanthus arbo-tristis on Rats. Pharmaceutic Biology 2005; 43(2)1-7. Nyctanthus arbo-tristis on Rats. Pharmaceutic Biology 2005; 43(2)1-7.

59. Rinaldi F, Himwich HE. A comparison of effects of reserpine and 59. Rinaldi F, Himwich HE. A comparison of effects of reserpine and some barbiturates on the electrical activity of cortical and subcortical some barbiturates on the electrical activity of cortical and subcortical structures of the brain of rabbits. Annals of the New York Academy of structures of the brain of rabbits. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1955; (61):27–35. Sciences 1955; (61):27–35.

60. Klohs MW, Draper MD, Keller F. Alkaloids of rauwolfia serpentina 60. Klohs MW, Draper MD, Keller F. Alkaloids of rauwolfia serpentina benth. iii. rescinnamine, a new hypotensive and sedative principle. J benth. iii. rescinnamine, a new hypotensive and sedative principle. J Am Chem Soc 1954; 76(10):2843.Am Chem Soc 1954; 76(10):2843.

References.. References..

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