Nicolas Gutierrez, Olaf Jensen, Michael Melnychuk, & Suresh Sethi with Trevor Branch and Daniel Schindler UW School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences The.

Nicolas Gutierrez, Olaf Jensen, Michael Melnychuk, & Suresh Sethi

with Trevor Branch and Daniel Schindler

UW School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences

The Global Fisheries Crisis: Ecological, Economic, and Social Dimensions

Outline

1. Status of global fisheries

2. Drivers of fishery development

3. Management options for sustainable fisheries:

Catch Shares

Co-Management

OLD

TAR

GET

NEW

TAR

GET

Impacts of fishing

Current status

Trends in fishery indicators

development year = catch first reaches 25% of max annual catch

Fishery development 1950-2004

No trend

Fishing deeper

Fishing smaller

Harvest better opportunities first

Fishing is a mature industry

Effects of catch share systems

Log Response Ratio

-3.5 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5

C:Q

Effort

Bycatch

Discards

Exploitation

Biomass MeanVariance

****

*

**

**

***

**

Essington 2010, PNAS

Exploitation under different management types

log(mF2000)

Co

un

t

5

10

15

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska

log(mF2000)

Co

un

t

5

10

15

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska

log(mF2000)

Co

un

t

5

10

15

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska

log(mF2000)

Co

un

t

5

10

15

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska

log(mF2000)

Co

un

t

5

10

15

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska

log(mF2000)

Co

un

t

5

10

15

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

K-ICESJ-SAfricaI-ArgentinaH-NZG-AustraliaF-sAtl_GOMexicoE-AtlUSAD-AtlCanadaC-PacCanadaB-USWCA-Alaska

Effort control(n=15)

TAC only(n=71)

TAC withcatch shares(n=35)

Fre

quen

cy

EuropeSouth AfricaArgentinaNew ZealandAustraliaUS SE coast/Gulf of MexicoUS NE coastCanada east coastCanada west coastUS west coastUS Alaska

log of F : Fmsy ratio-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1

log of F : Fmsy ratio

TAC with catch shares

TAC only

Effort control

± s.e.

Giving stakeholders a lasting stake

● Catch shares align incentives of individual

fishermen with management goals

● Generally work with developed regulatory agencies

● At the community level, how might incentives of a

group of resource users be aligned with

management objectives ?

● Institutional arrangement where responsibility for resource

management is shared between the government and user groups

Fisheries Co-Management

Modified from Ostrom 2009 Science

Global Review● Success Score (SS):

Σ Outcomes = 8

● ~ 50% with SS ≥ 6

n = 121

mean ± SE

0-12-34-56-78

Keys for co-management success

Conclusions• Many fisheries are overfished or collapsed, but many are healthy or

recovered.

• Pattern of profit-driven fishing evident at a global scale. Commercial fishing is now a mature industry.

• We can achieve sustainable fisheries with appropriate management including catch shares and co-management.

Acknowledgments• Co-authors on Worm et al. 2009: Boris Worm, Ray Hilborn, Julia Baum, Trevor Branch, Jeremy Collie, Chris

Costello, Mike Fogarty, Beth Fulton, Jeff Hutchings, Simon Jennings, Heike Lotze, Pamela Mace, Tim McClanahan, Coilin Minto, Steve Palumbi, Ana Parma, Dan Ricard, Andy Rosenberg, Reg Watson, Dirk Zeller

• Global fishery development data are from the Sea Around Us Project and the Fisheries Economics Research Unit of the University of British Columbia

• Funding: National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Lenfest Oceans Program, David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship, National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship