NG Shell Creek Data Powerpoint 2006

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2006 Shell Creek Watershed Study

Advisors – Mark Seier & Suzy Goedeken

Researchers – Amanda Gasper, Melissa Gasper, Heather Schmidt, Tom O’Brien, Laura Johnson, Josh Kaufman, Tim Wiese, Mandy Anderson, Jessica Boschen, Sean Farrier, Brittany Julsen, Ann O’Brien, Sheila O’Brien, Lynzee Pieke, Brett Roberg, Connie Dohmen, Luke Gasper, Jesse Knust, Alyshia Nelson, Skye Rosno, Darrek Schmidt & Kelsey Wallin

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(with Township-Range Labels)

Shell Creek and Loseke-Taylor Creek Watersheds

Lower Platte North Natural Resources District

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Site 1

4

Site 2

5

Site 3

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Site 4

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Site 5

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W.Q.I.

• The Water Quality Index was developed by the National Sanitation Foundation as a standard system to compare different bodies of water.

• To determine the WQI, a series of nine tests were performed. These tests were: dissolved oxygen, fecal coliform, pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), temperature, total phosphate, nitrates, turbidity, and total solids. We also did a water discharge test which we use to measure the flow of the creek in cubic feet per second.

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• After the tests are completed, the WQI for each section of the creek can be computed.

• To formulate the WQI, we first computed Q-values. • We multiply this number by a weighting factor, which

provides a measure of the relative importance of each test to overall water quality.

• The water quality index ranges from zero to 100.- 0 - 25 is very bad - 25 - 50 is bad - 50 - 70 is medium - 70 - 90 is good- 90 - 100 is excellent

• The bio-indicator tests weren’t part of W.Q.I., but did give us a water quality rating.

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Sample W.Q.I. Curve Chart

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Sample W.Q.I. Form

Test Results Q-valueWeighting

FactorT o t a l

DO % sat. 0.17 Fecal Coliform col/100 mL 0.16

pH units 0.11 BOD mg/L 0.11

Temperature change in C 0.1 Total Phosphate mg/L 0.1

Nitrates mg/L 0.1 Turbidity JTU 0.08

Total Solids mg/L 0.07

Overall Water Quality Index ___

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Test Natural Readings Cautionary Readings

Dissolved Oxygen % Saturation

90% or higher Below 90% unless the waters are supersaturated due to cultural eutrophication.

pH 6.5-8.5 Below 6.5Above 8.5

Nitrates 0.0-1.0 ppm Consistent readings above 3.5 ppm

Change in Temperature

The higher the change, the worse the water quality.

Turbidity 0-8 JTU’s Increasing trends in turbidity measurements.

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Test Natural Readings Cautionary Readings

5 Day B.O.D The higher the difference between the original and the 5 day reading, the worse the water.

Phosphates Less than 1 mg/L More than 1 mg/L

Total Solids The higher the concentration, the worse the water.

Fecal Coliform Over 200 colonies/100 mL of water

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pH Change in Water Temp.

(Degrees Celsius)

Total Solids (mg/L)

Fecal Coliform(Col./100

mL)

Discharge (cubic

ft./sec.)

May 27 Site 1 7.8 1.4 270 150 2.62

Site 2 7.7 -1.3 420 100 1.22

Site 3 7.9 0 590 750 2.65

Site 4 8.2 -0.5 510 200 4.53

Site 5 7.9 0.9 410 400 13.1

June 12 & 13

Site 1 7.75 1.55 390 125 2.575

Site 2 7.7 -0.6 460 175 1.08

Site 3 6.95 0.2 370 150 2.86

Site 4 7.85 -0.4 600 700 2.96

Site 5 8 0.7 510 550 12.2

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Turbidity (JTU’s)

Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation)

Dissolved Oxygen (ppm)

5 Day B.O.D.

Nitrates(ppm)

Phosphates(ppm)

May 27 Site 1 23 60% 5.4 2.6 1.408 0.54

Site 2 41 41% 3.8 2.6 12.848 0.37

Site 3 51 53% 4.7 3.6 10.384 0.28

Site 4 139 9% 1.9 0 10.472 0.76

Site 5 36 25% 2.4 0 3.476 0.46

June 12 & 13

Site 1 13.5 69.5% 6.35 2.6 13.597 0.5

Site 2 39.5 31.5% 3.1 0.7 2.748 1.725

Site 3 23 68.5% 6.3 2.2 1.342 0.37

Site 4 125 27.5% 2.8 0.2 0 3.84

Site 5 55 43.5% 4.1 2.5 7.59 0.44

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pH Change in Water Temp.

Degrees Celsius

Total Solids mg/L

Fecal Coliform

Col./100 mL

Discharge cubic

ft./sec.

July 17 & 18

Site 1 7.6 1.6 340 300 1.565

Site 2 7.25 -0.35 270 400 0.61

Site 3 7.7 0.55 630 600 1.1105

Site 4 8.15 -1.35 640 550 3.25

Site 5 7.85 1.55 510 2200 9.505

August 8 Site 1 7.5 0.9 980 85100 NA

Site 2 7.7 0.3 230 300 2.08

Site 3 7.9 -0.1 300 1 0 0 2.382

Site 4 7.9 -0.3 470 216 3.9

Site 5 7.9 0 2760 68100 NA

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Turbidity JTU’s

Dissolved Oxygen % Saturation

Dissolved Oxygen

ppm

5 Day B.O.D.

Nitrates(ppm)

Phosphates(mg/L)

July 17 & 18

Site 1 19 19.5 1.65 1.15 13.024 4.54

Site 2 18 21.5 1.9 1 0.836 0.365

Site 3 73 32 2.6 .7 2.156 0.69

Site 4 135.5 19.5 1.7 .1 0 3.18

Site 5 55 57.5 4.85 2.25 9.878 1.275

August 8

Site 1 794 0 0 0 0 4.48

Site 2 58 25 2.3 1.2 1.408 0.92

Site 3 62 54 4.6 1.7 1.188 1.04

Site 4 108 46 4 3 0.09 0.69

Site 5 2096 0 0 0 3.036 1.58

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Test Results Q-Value Weighting Factor Total

D.O. % Sat. 57 0.17 9.69Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 40 0.16 6.4pH Units 90 0.11 9.9B.O.D. Mg/L 70 0.11 7.7Temp. Change in o C 90 0.10 9.0

Phosphates Mg/L 60 0.10 6.0Nitrates Mg/L 94 0.10 9.4Turbidity JTU 56 0.08 4.48Total Solids Mg/L 63 0.07 4.41

Overall Water Quality Index 66.98 (medium)

May 27 Site 1

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D.O. % Sat. 31 0.17 5.27Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 44 0.16 7.04pH Units 91 0.11 10.01B.O.D. Mg/L 70 0.11 7.7Temp. Change in o C 90 0.10 9.0Phosphates Mg/L 96 0.10 9.6Nitrates Mg/L 45 0.10 4.5Turbidity JTU 44 0.08 3.52Total Solids Mg/L 45 0.07 3.15


May 27 Site 2

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Test Results Q-Value Weighting Factor TotalD.O. % Sat. 45 0.17 7.65Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 23 0.16 3.68pH Units 86 0.11 9.46B.O.D. Mg/L 70 0.11 7.7Temp. Change in o C 93 0.10 9.3Phosphates Mg/L 93 0.10 9.3Nitrates Mg/L 50 0.10 5.0Turbidity JTU 37 0.08 2.96Total Solids Mg/L 20 0.07 1.4


May 27 Site 3

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D.O. % Sat. 5 0.17 .85Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 35 0.16 5.6pH Units 75 0.11 8.25B.O.D. Mg/L 96 0.11 10.56Temp. Change in o C 91 0.10 9.1Phosphates Mg/L 50 0.10 5.0Nitrates Mg/L 50 0.10 5.0Turbidity JTU 5 0.08 .4Total Solids Mg/L 20 0.07 1.4

Overall Water Quality Index 46.16 (bad)

May 27 Site 4

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May 27 Site 5

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June 12 & 13 Site 1

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June 12 & 13 Site 2

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Overall Water Quality Index 72.3 (good)

June 12 & 13 Site 3

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June 12 & 13 Site 4

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June 12 & 13 Site 5

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July 17 & 18 Site 1

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D.O. % Sat. 12 0.17 2.04Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 27 0.16 4.32pH Units 91 0.11 10.01B.O.D. Mg/L 90 0.11 9.9Temp. Change in o C 88 0.10 8.8Phosphates Mg/L 90 0.10 9Nitrates Mg/L 54 0.10 5.4Turbidity JTU 63 0.08 5.04Total Solids Mg/L 61 0.07 4.27


July 17 & 18 Site 2

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D.O. % Sat. 20 0.17 3.4Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 25 0.16 4pH Units 88 0.11 9.68B.O.D. Mg/L 92 0.11 10.12Temp. Change in o C 92 0.10 9.2Phosphates Mg/L 61 0.10 6.1Nitrates Mg/L 90 0.10 9.0Turbidity JTU 28 0.08 2.24Total Solids Mg/L 20 0.07 1.4


July 17 & 18 Site 3

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Phosphates Mg/L 20 0.10 2Nitrates Mg/L 97 0.10 9.7Turbidity JTU 5 0.08 0.4Total Solids Mg/L 20 0.07 1.4


July 17 & 18 Site 4

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July 17 & 18 Site 5

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D.O. % Sat. 0 0.17 0Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 20 0.16 0.32pH Units 93 0.11 10.23B.O.D. Mg/L 97 0.11 1.067Temp. Change in o C 91 0.10 9.1

Phosphates Mg/L 15 0.10 1.5Nitrates Mg/L 96 0.10 9.6Turbidity JTU 0.5 0.08 0.04Total Solids Mg/L 20 0.07 1.4


August 8 Site 1

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August 8 Site 2

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D.O. % Sat. 43 0.17 7.31Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 45 0.16 7.2pH Units 86 0.11 9.46B.O.D. Mg/L 89 0.11 9.79Temp. Change in o C 90 0.10 9



August 8 Site 3

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August 8 Site 4

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D.O. % Sat. 0 0.17 0Fecal Coliform Col./100mL 20 0.16 0.32pH Units 86 0.11 9.46B.O.D. Mg/L 97 0.11 10.67Temp. Change in o C 92 0.10 9.2Phosphates Mg/L 28 0.10 2.8Nitrates Mg/L 68 0.10 6.8Turbidity JTU 50 0.08 0.4Total Solids Mg/L 20 0.07 1.4


August 8 Site 5

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2006 Precipitation

0

2

4

6

8

10

May June July August

Inch

es

Rainfall

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pH

6.3

6.6

6.9

7.2

7.5

7.8

8.1

8.4

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

pH

Le

vel Site 1

Site 2Site 3Site 4Site 5

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Cha nge in Wa ter Tempera ture

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

De

gre

es

Ce

lciu

s

Site 1Site 2Site 3Site 4Site 5

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Tota l Solids

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

mg

/L


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Feca l Coliform

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

colo

nie

s/1

00

mL


*August 8-Site 1- 85,100 colonies/100 mL

Site 5-68,100 colonies/100 mL

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Fecal Coliform

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Flow

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

Cu

bic

fe

et

pe

r se

con

d


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Turbidity

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

JTU

's


*Augst 8-Site 1 794 JTU’s

Site 5 2,096 JTU’s

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Dissolved O xygen

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 & 18 August 8

Da te

pp

m


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Dissolved O xygen

0

10

2030

40

50

60

7080

90

100

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

% S

atu

rati

on Site 1

Site 2Site 3Site 4Site 5

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5 Da y Biologica l O xygen Dema nd

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 & 18 August 8

Da te

pp

m


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N itra tes

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

pp

m


50

Phospha tes

0

0.5

11.5

2

2.5

3

3.54

4.5

5

Ma y 27 June 12 &13

July 17 &18

August 8

Da te

pp

m


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Chemical Test Conclusion• pH consistent • D.O. consistently low• Fecal coliform is increasing• Phosphates are increasing • May WQI averages consistent since 2003• By site WQI averages are consistent within 5

points• Each year from 2003-2005 WQI increased over

the summer

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Site 1 54

Site 2 58Site 3 62Site 4 49Site 5 50

May 27 57June 12 & 13 59July 17 & 18 52August 8 50

WQI Averages by Site

WQI Averages by Date

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5

Site

WQI Averages by Site

2003 Averages2004 Averages2005 Averages2006 Averages

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WQI Averages by Date

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Month

2003 Averages

2004 Averages

2005 Averages

2006 Averages

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2003 to 2005 Chemical Test Average Comparisons

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Disch

arge pH

Nitrat

es

Phosphat

es

B.O.D

.

Change

in T

emp.

Chemical Test

2003 Averages

2004 Averages

2005 Averages

2006 Averages

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2003 to 2005 Chemical Test Average Comparisons

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

D.O. % Sat. Turbidity Fecal Coliform Total Solids

Chemical Test

2003 Averages

2004 Averages

2005 Averages

2006 Averages

*2006 Fecal Coliform Average 8,058 col/100 mL

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Macro Invertebrates

TolerantSomewhat SensitiveSensitive

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Sample Bio-Indicator Data Form

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Bio-Indicator Comparison Chart 2002 & 2004-2006

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5

Summer 2002

Summer 2004

Summer 2005

Summer 2006

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Bio-Indicator Ratings

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14


Month

Ratin

gs

si te 1si te 2si te 3si te 4si te 5

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Bio-Indicators Test Conclusions

• Average water quality-poor • Water quality is poor-making macro

invertebrates hard to find• Improvement from 2005• Lower ratings than 2002 & 2004

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Fish Study 1939 1972 1985 1989 1991 1992 1995 2006

Black Bullhead

X X X X X

Carp X X X X X

Fathead Minnow

X X X X X X X X

Sand Shiner X X X X X X

Red Shiner X X X X X X

Bigmouth Shiner

X

Brassy Minnow

X

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Fish Study 1939 1972 1985 1989 1991 1992 1995 2006

Channel Catfish

X X X

Emerald Shiner

X

Flathead Chub

X

Freshwater Drum

Plains Minnow

X

Quilback X X

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Fish Study 1939 1972 1985 1989 1991 1992 1995 2006

River Carpsucker

X

Shortnose gar X

Shorthead redhorse

X X

Western Silvery Minnow

X

Silver Chub X

Flathead Catfish X

Speckled Chub X

Green Sunfish X X

Yellow Bullhead XTotal Fish Diversity 2 11 12 2 8 6 4 6

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Black BullheadAm e riurus m e la s

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Fathead MinnowPim e pha le s p ro m e la s

67

Sand ShinerNo tro p is s tra m ine us

68

Red ShinerLyp rine lla lutre us is

69

Green SunfishLe p o m is c ya ne llus

70

Yellow BullheadAm e riurus na ta lis

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Fish Study Conclusion

• Fish vary greatly over years • With the information from Phil Chvala at

the Nebraska Game and Parks Commision – Fish diversity is a lot worse– Better than in 1995 – 2006 study same diversity as 1992 study

• Can’t make any conclusions at this point

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Using the Equipment

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Bio-Indicators

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Lab Work

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Website

• http://newman.esu8.org/project.htmlOR

• http://newman.esu8.org/ • Click “Our Students”

• Click “Student Projects”• Click “Watershed Project”

• You can see our data and further information concerning this project,

including pictures.

http://newman.esu8.org/

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Thank You To:• Lower Platte North Natural

Resource District

• PrairieLand RC&D

• Natural Resource Conservation Service

• Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality

• Shell Creek Watershed

Improvement Group

• Chris Poole

• Phil Chvala

• Area Land Owners

The End

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Special Thanks

• Dedicated to Brittany Julsen

NG Shell Creek Data Powerpoint 2006

Education

water quality index

water quality rating

water discharge test

o c900

different bodies of

o c910

fecal coliformcol

turbidityjtu solidsmgl200