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CopyrightNFPA
NFPA70NationalElectricalCode
2005Edition
Copyright2004,NationalFireProtectionAssociation,AllRightsReserved
ThiseditionofNFPA70,NationalElectricalCode,waspreparedbytheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeandactedonbyNFPAatitsMayAssociationTechnicalMeetingheldMay2326,2004,inSaltLakeCity,UT.ItwasissuedbytheStandardsCouncilonJuly16,2004,withaneffectivedateofAugust5,2004,andsupersedesallpreviouseditions.
Atentativeinterimamendment(TIA)toSection604.6(A)(1)wasissuedonJuly15,2004.ForfurtherinformationontentativeinterimamendmentsseeSection5oftheNFPARegulationsGoverningCommitteeProjectsavailableat:
http://www.nfpa.org/Codes/NFPADirectory.asp#Regs&Procedures
ThiseditionofNFPA70wasapprovedasanAmericanNationalStandardonAugust5,2004.
HistoryandDevelopmentoftheNationalElectricalCode
TheNationalFireProtectionAssociationhasactedassponsoroftheNationalElectricalCodesince1911.Theoriginal
Codedocumentwasdevelopedin1897asaresultoftheunitedeffortsofvariousinsurance,electrical,architectural,andalliedinterests.
InaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheNFPARegulationsGoverningCommitteeProjects,aNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeReportonProposalscontainingproposedamendmentstothe2002NationalElectricalCodewaspublishedbyNFPAinJuly2003.ThisreportrecordedtheactionsofthevariousCodeMakingPanelsandtheCorrelatingCommitteeoftheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeoneachproposalthathadbeenmadetorevisethe2002Code.ThereportwascirculatedtoallmembersoftheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeandwasmadeavailabletootherinterestedNFPAmembersandtothepublicforreviewandcomment.Followingthecloseofthepubliccommentperiod,theCodeMakingPanelsmet,actedoneachcomment,andreportedtheiractiontotheCorrelatingCommittee.NFPApublishedtheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeReportonCommentsinApril2004,whichrecordedtheactionsoftheCodeMakingPanelsandtheCorrelatingCommitteeoneachpubliccommenttotheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeReportonProposals.TheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeReportonProposalsandtheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteeReportonCommentswerepresentedtothe2004May
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CopyrightNFPA
AssociationTechnicalMeetingforadoption.
NFPAhasanElectricalSectionthatprovidesparticularopportunityforNFPAmembersinterestedinelectricalsafetytobecomebetterinformedandtocontributetothedevelopmentoftheNationalElectricalCodeandotherNFPAelectricalstandards.Eachof
theCodeMakingPanelsandtheChairmanoftheCorrelatingCommitteereportedtheirrecommendationstomeetingsoftheElectricalSectionatthe2004NFPAWorldSafetyConferenceandExposition.TheElectricalSectionthushadopportunitytodiscussandreviewthereportoftheNationalElectricalCodeCommitteepriortotheadoptionofthiseditionoftheCodebytheAssociationatits2004MayTechnicalSession.
This2005editionsupersedesallotherpreviouseditions,supplements,andprintingsdated1897,1899,1901,1903,1904,1905,1907,1909,1911,1913,1915,1918,1920,1923,1925,1926,1928,1930,1931,1933,1935,1937,1940,1942,1943,1947,1949,1951,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1962,1965,1968,1971,1975,1978,1981,1984,1987,1990,1993,1996,1999,and2002.The2005editionmarksthe50theditionoftheNationalElectricalCode.
Changesotherthaneditorialareindicatedbyaverticalrulebesidetheparagraph,table,orfigureinwhichthechangeoccurred.Theserulesareincludedasanaidtotheuserinidentifyingchangesfromthepreviousedition.Whereoneormorecompleteparagraphshavebeendeleted,thedeletionisindicatedbyabullet()betweentheparagraphsthatremain.
ThisCodeispurelyadvisoryasfarasNFPAisconcerned.Itismadeavailableforawidevarietyofbothpublicandprivateusesintheinterestoflifeandpropertyprotection.Theseincludebothuseinlawandforregulatorypurposes,anduseinprivateselfregulationandstandardizationactivitiesasinsuranceunderwriting,buildingandfacilitiesconstructionandmanagement,andproducttestingandcertification.
NATIONALELECTRICALCODECOMMITTEE
TheselistsrepresentthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthisdocument.
TechnicalCorrelatingCommittee
JamesW.Carpenter,ChairInternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors,TX[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
MarkW.Earley,SecretaryNFPA,MA(nonvoting)
JeanA.O'Connor,RecordingSecretaryNFPA,MA(nonvoting)
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CopyrightNFPA
JamesE.Brunssen,
Telcordia,NJ[UT]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions
MichaelI.Callanan,
NationalJointApprentice&TrainingCommittee,MD[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
WilliamR.Drake, Marinco,CA[M]
JohnR.Kovacik, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
JamesT.Pauley,
SquareDCompany,KY[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
MichaelD.Toman,
MEGAPowerElectricalServices,Incorporated,MD[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
JohnW.Troglia,
EdisonElectricInstitute,WI[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
CraigM.Wellman,
DuPontEngineering,DE[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
Alternates
JeffreyBoksiner,
TelcordiaTechnologies,Incorporated,NJ[UT]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions(Alt.toJ.E.Brunssen)
PhilipH.Cox,
Bigelow,AR[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toJ.W.Carpenter)
JamesM.Daly,
GeneralCable,NJ[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.T.Pauley)
StanleyJ.Folz,
FolzElectric,Incorporated,IL[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toM.D.Toman)
PalmerL.Hickman,
NationalJointApprentice&TrainingCommittee,MD[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toM.I.Callanan)
NeilF.LaBrake,Jr.,
NiagaraMohawk,aNationalGridCompany,NY[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toJ.W.Troglia)
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CopyrightNFPA
WilliamM.Lewis,
EliLilly&Company,IN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toC.M.Wellman)
MarkC.Ode,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NC[RT](Alt.toJ.R.Kovacik)
Nonvoting
RichardG.Biermann,
BiermannElectricCompany,Incorporated,IA[IM]
D.HaroldWare, LibraElectricCompany,OK[IM]
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.1Articles90,100,110,AnnexA,AnnexG
JohnD.Minick,ChairNationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation,TX[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
MichaelA.Anthony,
UniversityofMichigan,MI[U]Rep.TheAssociationofHigherEducationFacilitiesOfficers
LouisA.Barrios,Jr.,
ShellGlobalSolutions,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
DavidA.Dini, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
WilliamT.Fiske,
IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,NY[RT]
H.LandisFloydII,
TheDuPontCompany,DE[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
PalmerL.Hickman,
NationalJointApprentice&TrainingCommittee,MD[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
DavidL.Hittinger,
IECofGreaterCincinnati,OH[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
RandallR.McCarver,
TelcordiaTechnologies,Incorporated,NJ[U]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions
LannyG.McMahill,
CityofPhoenix,AZ[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
H.BrookeStauffer,
NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation,MD[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
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CopyrightNFPA
JohnW.Troglia,
EdisonElectricInstitute,WI[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
Alternates
LawrenceS.Ayer,
BizComElectric,Incorporated,OH[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toD.L.Hittinger)
KennethP.Boyce,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT](Alt.toD.A.Dini)
ErnestJ.Gallo,
TelcordiaTechnologies,Incorporated,NJ[U]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions(Alt.toR.R.McCarver)
RussellJ.Helmick,Jr.,
CityofIrvine,CA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toL.G.McMahill)
NeilF.LaBrake,Jr.,
NiagaraMohawk,aNationalGridCompany,NY[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toJ.W.Troglia)
DonaldH.McCullough,II,
WestinghouseSavannahRiverCompany,SC[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toH.L.FloydII)
GilMoniz,
NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation,MA[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.D.Minick)
RickMunch,
FrischhertzElectricCompany,LA[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toP.L.Hickman)
Nonvoting
ArkTsisserev,
CityofVancouver,BC,CanadaRep.CanadianStandardsAssociationInternational
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.2Articles210,215,220,AnnexD,Examples1through6
RaymondW.Weber,ChairStateofWisconsin,WI[E]
Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
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CopyrightNFPA
RichardW.Becker,
EngineeredElectricalSystems,Incorporated,WA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
FrankColuccio, NewYorkCityDepartmentofBuildings,NY[E]
MatthewD.Dobson,
NationalAssociationofHomeBuilders,DC[U]Rep.NationalAssociationofHomeBuilders
ThomasL.Harman, UniversityofHouston/ClearLake,TX[SE]
DonaldM.King,
IBEWLocalUnion313,DE[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
ChristopherP.O'Neil,
NationalGridUSAServiceCompany,MARep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI,MA
JamesT.Pauley,
SquareDCompany,KY[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
SusanW.Porter, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT]
JosephPattersonRoch,
CelaneseAcetate,SC[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
AlbertF.Sidhom, U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,CA[U]
MichaelD.Toman,
MEGAPowerElectricalServices,Incorporated,MD[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
RobertG.Wilkinson,
IndependentElectricalContractorsofTexasGulfCoast,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
Alternates
KevinJ.Brooks,
IBEWLocalUnion16,IN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toD.MKing)
ErnestS.Broome,
CityofKnoxville,TN[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toR.W.Weber)
JamesR.Jones,
UniversityofAlabamaatBirmingham,AL[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toR.W.Becker)
DanielJ.Kissane,
Pass&Seymour/Legrand,NY[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
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(Alt.toJ.T.Pauley)
BrianJ.Nenninger,
TheDowChemicalCompany,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toJ.P.Roch)
CliffordL.Rediger,
IndependentElectricalContractorsTrainingFund,CO[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toR.G.Wilkinson)
RichardV.Wagner,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT](Alt.toS.W.Porter)
JosephE.Wiehagen,
NationalAssociationofHomeBuilders,MD[U]Rep.NationalAssociationofHomeBuilders(Alt.toM.D.Dobson)
Nonvoting
DouglasA.Lee, U.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission,MD[C]
AndrewM.Trotta,
U.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission,MD[C](Alt.toD.A.Lee)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.3Articles300,590,720,725,727,760,Chapter9,Tables11(a)and(b),andTables12(a)
and(b)
RichardP.Owen,ChairCityofSt.Paul,MN[E]
Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
LawrenceS.Ayer,
BizComElectric,Incorporated,OH[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
PaulJ.Casparro,
ScrantonElectriciansJATC,PA[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
LesEaster,
AlliedTubeandConduit,IL[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
SanfordE.Egesdal,
EgesdalAssociatesPLC,MN[M]Rep.AutomaticFireAlarmAssociation,Incorporated
ThomasJ.Guida, UnderwritersLaboratories,Inc.,NY[RT]
DennisB.Horman, PacifiCorp,UT[UT]
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CopyrightNFPA
Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
RayR.Keden,
ERICO,Incorporated,CA[M]Rep.BuildingIndustryConsultingServicesInternational
RonaldE.Maassen,
LembergElectricCompany,Incorporated,WI[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
StevenJ.Owen,
StevenJ.Owen,Incorporated,AL[IM]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated
DavidA.Pace,
OlinCorporation,AL[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
MelvinK.Sanders,
ThingsElectricalCompany,Incorporated(TECo.,Incorporated),IA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
JohnE.Sleights, TravelersInsurance,CT[I]
Alternates
MarkEChristian,
ChattanoogaElectricalJATC,TN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toP.J.Casparro)
Dr.ShaneM.Clary,
BayAlarmCompany,Incorporated,CA[M]Rep.AutomaticFireAlarmAssociation,Incorporated(Alt.toS.E.Egesdal)
AdamD.Corbin,
CorbinElectricalServices,Incorporated,NJ[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Inc.(Alt.toL.S.Ayer)
JohnC.Hudak,
OldForge,PA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toR.P.Owen)
DannyLiggett,
DuPontEngineering,DE[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toD.A.Pace)
JuanC.Menendez,
SouthernCaliforniaEdisonCompany,CA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toD.B.Horman)
T.DavidMills,
BechtelSavannahRiver,Incorporated,SC[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
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(Alt.toM.K.Sanders)
MarkC.Ode,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NC[RT](Alt.toT.J.Guida)
LorenaOrbanic,
Carlon,Lamson&Sessions,OH[M]Rep.BuildingIndustryConsultingServicesInternational(Alt.toR.R.Keden)
RogerS.Passmore,
DavisElectricalConstructors,Incorporated,SC[IM]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toS.J.Owen)
GeorgeA.Straniero,
AFCCableSystems,Incorporated,NJ[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toL.Easter)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.4Articles225,230
JamesM.Naughton,ChairIBEWLocalUnion103,MA[L]
Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
MalcolmAllison, FerrazShawmut,MA[M]
C.JohnBeck,
PacificGasandElectricCompany,CA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
RobertJ.Deaton,
TheDowChemicalCompany,TX[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
HowardD.Hughes,
HughesElectricCompanyIncorporated,AR[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
WilliamM.Lewis,
EliLilly&Company,IN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
MarkC.Ode, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NC[RT]
JamesJ.Rogers,
TownsofOakBluffs,Tisbury,WestTisbury,MA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
JohnW.Young,
SiemensEnergy&Automation,Incorporated,GA[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
VincentZinnante, AdvantageElectric,Incorporated,TX[IM]
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CopyrightNFPA
Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
Alternates
ThomasL.Adams,
ExelonCorporation,IL[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toC.J.Beck)
RonaldBreschini,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,CA[RT](Alt.toM.C.Ode)
TerryD.Cole,
HamerElectric,WA[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toV.Zinnante)
MarkR.Hilbert,
StateofNewHampshire,NH[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toJ.J.Rogers)
PhilipM.Piqueira,
GeneralElectricCompany,CT[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.W.Young)
FrancisE.Rose,Jr.,
W.S.NelsonandCompany,Incorporated,LA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toR.J.Deaton)
JohnSigmund,
PPGIndustries,Incorporated,LA[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toW.M.Lewis)
MarkH.Sumrall,
IBEWLocalUnion527,TX[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toJ.M.Naughton)
KentWalker, FerrazShawmut,MA[M](Alt.toM.Allison)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.5Articles200,250,280,285
RonaldJ.Toomer,ChairToomerElectricalCompanyIncorporated,LA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
JeffreyBoksiner,
TelcordiaTechnologies,Incorporated,NJ[UT]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions
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CopyrightNFPA
DavidT.Brender,
CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated,NY[M]Rep.CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated
MartinJ.Brett,Jr.,
WheatlandTubeCompany,NJ[M]Rep.AmericanIronandSteelInstitute
ElioL.Checca, U.S.DepartmentofLabor,VA[E]
PaulDobrowsky,
EastmanKodakCompany,NY[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
GeraldL.Hadeen, Tehachapi,CA[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation
DanHammel,
IBEWLocalUnion704,IA[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
MichaelJ.Johnston,
InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors,TX[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
CharlesMello,
ElectroTest,Incorporated,OR[IM]Rep.InterNationalElectricalTestingAssociationIncorporated
ElliotRappaport,
ElectroTechnologyConsultants,Incorporated,FL[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
TedG.Robertson,
RobertsonElectric,Incorporated,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
WalterSkuggevig, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT]
GregoryJ.Steinman,
Thomas&BettsCorporation,TN[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
RobertG.Stoll,
ThomasAssociates,Incorporated,OH[M]Rep.PowerToolInstitute,Incorporated
C.DouglasWhite,
CenterPointEnergy,Incorporated,TX[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
Alternates
MartinD.Adams,
AdamsElectric,Incorporated,CO[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toR.J.Toomer)
DavidA.Dini, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
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CopyrightNFPA
(Alt.toW.Skuggevig)
TimothyEdwards,
AlcanCableCompany,GA[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation(Alt.toG.L.Hadeen)
RobertFiglia,
NewYorkBoardofFireUnderwriters,NY[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toM.J.Johnston)
G.ScottHarding,
F.B.Harding,Incorporated,MD[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toT.G.Robertson)
WilliamJ.Helfrich,
U.S.DepartmentofLabor,PA[E](Alt.toE.L.Checca)
RonaldLai,
FCIElectrical,NH[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toG.J.Steinman)
PaulJ.LeVasseur,
BayCityJEATC,MI[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toD.Hammel)
RichardE.Loyd,
R&NAssociates,AZ[M]Rep.AmericanIronandSteelInstitute(Alt.toM.J.Brett,Jr.)
DaleepC.Mohla,
DCMElectricalConsultingServices,Incorporated,TX[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toE.Rappaport)
DavidPeot,
Ryobi,SC[M]Rep.PowerToolInstitute,Incorporated(Alt.toR.G.Stoll)
J.PhilipSimmons,
SimmonsElectricalServices,WA[M]Rep.CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated(Alt.toD.T.Brender)
JamesS.Simpson,
SouthernCompanyServices,AL[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toC.D.White)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.6
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CopyrightNFPA
Articles310,400,402,Chapter9Tables5through9,AnnexB
StephenJ.Thorwegen,Jr.,ChairFiskElectricCompany,TX[IM]
Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
RobertEdwards,
AlcanAluminumCorporation,ON,Canada[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation
SamuelB.Friedman,
BICCGeneralCableCorporation,RI[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
G.W.JerryKent,
KentElectric&PlumbingSystems,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
DavidG.Komassa,
WEEnergies,WI[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
WilliamF.Laidler,
SouthShoreVoTech/IBEW223,MA[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
DannyP.Liggett,
DuPontEngineering,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
L.BruceMcClung,
ElectricalSafetyConsultingServices,Incorporated,WV[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
OranP.Post,
CityofCuyahogaFalls,OH[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
AustinD.Wetherell,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT]
JosephS.Zimnoch,
TheOkoniteCompany,NJ[M]Rep.CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated
Alternates
PeterE.Bowers,
SatelliteElectricCompany,Incorporated,MD[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toG.W.Kent)
JamesM.Daly,
GeneralCable,NJ[M]Rep.CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated(Alt.toJ.S.Zimnoch)
RobertL.Huddleston,Jr.,
EastmanChemicalCompany,TN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
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CopyrightNFPA
(Alt.toD.P.Liggett)
PhilipT.Laudicini,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT](Alt.toA.D.Wetherell)
LowellS.Lisker,
AmericanInsulatedWireCorporation,RI[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toS.B.Friedman)
PaulR.Picard,
AFCCableSystems,Incorporated,MA[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation(Alt.toR.Edwards)
HarryJ.Sassaman,
ForestElectricCorporation,NJ[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toS.J.Thorwegen,Jr.)
JohnStacey,
CityofSt.Louis,MO[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toO.P.Post)
DonaldA.Voltz,
MustangEngineering,Incorporated,TX[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toL.B.McClung)
DavidR.Wellington,
ToledoElectricalJATC,OH[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toW.F.Laidler)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.7Articles320,322,324,326,328,330,332,334,336,338,340,382,394,396,398
GaylenD.Rogers,ChairStateofUtah,UT[E]
Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
JamesJ.Anastasi, Intertek/ETLSemko,NY[RT]
HarryC.Brown,
IBEWLocalUnion606,FL[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
JohnJ.Cangemi, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT]
JamesM.Daly,
GeneralCable,NJ[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
ChrisJ.Fahrenthold, EncompassElectricalTechnologies,TX[IM]
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CopyrightNFPA
Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
RobertL.Gotham,
RoseCityElectricCompany,Incorporated,OR[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
HermanJ.Hall,
Austin,TX[M]Rep.SocietyofthePlasticsIndustryIncorporated
RonaldG.Nickson,
NationalMultiHousingCouncil,DC[U]Rep.NationalMultiHousingCouncil
BruceW.Nutt,
Oncor,TX[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
GregoryL.Runyon,
EliLillyandCompany,IN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
DavidE.Schumacher,
AllCountyElectricCompany,IA[IM]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated
H.R.Stewart,
HRSConsulting,TX[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
GeorgeA.Straniero,
AFCCableSystems,Incorporated,NJ[M]Rep.CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated
RichardTemblador,
AlflexCorporation,CA[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation
Alternates
WilliamB.Crist,
HoustonStaffordElectricCompany,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toC.J.Fahrenthold)
JamesD.Erwin,
Celanese,Limited,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toG.L.Runyon)
JamesK.Hinrichs,
StateofWashington,WA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toG.D.Rogers)
SamuelR.LaDart,
CityofMemphis,TN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toH.C.Brown)
C.DavidMercier, SouthwireCompany,GA[M]
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CopyrightNFPA
Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.M.Daly)
DennisA.Nielsen,
LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,CA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toH.R.Stewart)
PaulA.Orr,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT](Alt.toJ.J.Cangemi)
JohnW.WesRay,
DukeEnergyCorporation,NC[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toB.W.Nutt)
DavidK.Smith,
EncoreWireLimited,TX[M]Rep.CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated(Alt.toG.A.Straniero)
JohnThomasThompson,
ABCMarathonElectricalCompany,Incorporated,AL[IM]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toD.E.Schumacher)
LarryG.Watkins,
AlcanAluminumCorporation,GA[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation(Alt.toR.Temblador)
ThomasH.Wood,
CecilB.WoodIncorporated,IL[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toR.L.Gotham)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.8Articles342,344,348,350,352,353,354,356,358,360,362,366,368,370,372,374,
376,378,380,384,386,388,390,392,Chapter9Tables1through4,AnnexC
JulianR.Burns,ChairBurnsElectrical/QualityPowerSolutions,Incorporated,NC[IM]
Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
JohnS.Corry,
CorryElectricIncorporated,CA[IM]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated
JosephG.Dabe,
CityofSt.Paul,MN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
GeorgeR.Dauberger,
Thomas&BettsCorporation,TN[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
-
CopyrightNFPA
JamesC.Dollins,
AFCCableSystems,MA[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation
RonaldE.Duren,
PacifiCorp,WA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
M.ShanGriffith,
Kelloff,Brown&Root,Incorporated,TX[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
DavidH.Kendall,
Carlon,Lamson&Sessions,OH[M]Rep.SocietyofthePlasticsIndustryIncorporated
WayneA.Lilly,
CityofHarrisonburg,VA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
RichardE.Loyd,
R&NAssociates,AZ[M]Rep.AmericanIronandSteelInstitute
StephenP.Poholski,
NewkirkElectricAssociates,Incorporated,MI[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
DennisL.Rowe,
NewYorkBoardofFireUnderwriters,NY[E]Rep.NewYorkBoardofFireUnderwriters
GeorgeF.Walbrecht,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
Alternates
RichardBerman,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT](Alt.toG.F.Walbrecht)
DuaneA.Carlson,
PRSConsultingEngineers,WA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toM.S.Griffith)
CharlesW.Forsberg,
ShakerHeights,OH[M]Rep.SocietyofthePlasticsIndustryIncorporated(Alt.toD.H.Kendall)
Dr.JackA.Gruber,
WheatlandTubeCompany,PA[M]Rep.AmericanIronandSteelInstitute(Alt.toR.E.Loyd)
JamesM.Imlah,
CityofHillsboro,OR[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toW.A.Lilly)
-
CopyrightNFPA
AlanManche,
SchneiderElectric/SquareDCompany,KY[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toG.R.Dauberger)
JamieMcNamara,
CityofSt.Paul,MN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toJ.G.Dabe)
C.ErnestReynolds,
HatfieldReynoldsElectricCompany,AZ[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toJ.R.Burns)
RichardTemblador,
AlflexCorporation,CA[M]Rep.TheAluminumAssociation(Alt.toJ.C.Dollins)
RonaldJ.Toomer,
ToomerElectricalCompanyIncorporated,LA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toS.P.Poholski)
JamesVanDenHeuvel,
WestElectricIncorporated,WI[IM]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toJ.S.Corry)
LeslieR.Zielke,
SouthCarolinaElectric&GasCompany,SC[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toR.E.Duren)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.9Articles312,314,404,408,450,490
TimothyM.Croushore,ChairAlleghenyPower,PA[UT]
Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
JefferyBernson,
IBEWLocalUnion701,IL[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
HectorR.deVega,
FluorDaniel,TX[U]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated
FredericP.Hartwell, HartwellElectricalServices,MA[SE]
RobertJ.Kaemmerlen,
KaemmerlenElectricCompany,MO[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
-
CopyrightNFPA
JacobKillinger, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
ThomasJ.LeMay,
LeMayElectric,Incorporated,GA[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
DonaldR.Offerdahl,
NorthDakotaStateElectricalBoard,ND[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
BradfordD.Rupp,
AlliedMouldedProducts,Incorporated,OH[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
SukantaSengupta,
FMCCorporation,NJ[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
RalphH.Young,
EastmanChemicalCompany,TN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
Alternates
RodneyD.Belisle,
NECAIBEWTrainingCenter,WA[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toL.Bernson)
JosephM.Bolesina,
PinellasCountyBuildingInspections,FL[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toD.R.Offerdahl)
JulianR.Burns,
BurnsElectrical/QualityPowerSolutions,Incorporated,NC[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toT.J.LeMay)
JamesC.Carroll,
SquareDCompany,TN[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toB.D.Rupp)
RichardP.Fogarty,
ConsolidatedEdisonCompanyofNY,Incorporated,NY[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toT.M.Croushore)
RobertD.Osborne,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NC[RT](Alt.toJ.Killinger)
JeromeW.Seigel,
WestHartford,CT[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toS.Sengupta)
MonteSzendre, WilsonConstructionCompany,OR[IM]
-
CopyrightNFPA
Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toR.J.Kaemmerlen)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.10Articles240,780
JamesT.Dollard,Jr.,ChairIBEWLocalUnion98,PA[L]
Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
CharlesK.Blizard,
AmericanElectricalTestingCompany,Incorporated,MA[IM]Rep.InterNationalElectricalTestingAssociationIncorporated
MadelineBorthick,
IECofHouston,Incorporated,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
ScottCline,
McMurtreyElectric,Incorporated,CA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
DennisM.Darling,
Ayres,Lewis,Norris&May,Incorporated,MI[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
CharlesK.Eldridge,
IndianapolisPower&LightCompany,IN[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
CarlJ.Fredericks,
TheDowChemicalCompany,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
C.W.Kimblin,
CutlerHammer,Incorporated,PA[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
ArdenL.Munson,
HussmannCorporation,MO[M]Rep.AirConditioningandRefrigerationInstitute
GeorgeJ.Ockuly, Chesterfield,MO[M]
GeraldW.Williams,
CountyofVentura,California,CA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
JohnA.Zaplatosch,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
Alternates
RobertR.Gage,
NiagaraMohawk,ANationalGridCompany,NY[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toC.K.Eldridge)
GeorgeD.Gregory, SquareDCompany,IA[M]
-
CopyrightNFPA
Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toC.W.Kimblin)
RodericL.Hageman,
PRITService,Incorporated,IL[IM]Rep.InterNationalElectricalTestingAssociationIncorporated(Alt.toC.K.Blizard)
CharlesD.Hughes,
WestinghouseSavannahRiverCompany,SC[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toD.M.Darling)
RobertJ.Kauer,
MiddleDepartmentInspectionAgency,Incorporated,PA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toG.W.Williams)
RichardE.Lofton,II,
IBEWLocalUnion280,OR[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toJ.T.Dollard,Jr.)
RobertW.Mount,Jr.,
HussmannCorporation,MO[M]Rep.AirConditioningandRefrigerationInstitute(Alt.toA.L.Munson)
PaulJ.Notarian,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT](Alt.toJ.A.Zaplatosch)
VincentJ.Saporita, CooperBussmann,MO[M](Alt.toG.J.Ockuly)
JamesR.Sicard,
ShellOilCompany,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toC.J.Fredericks)
SteveA.Struble,
FreemansElectricService,Incorporated,SD[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toM.Borthick)
Nonvoting
RickC.Gilmour, CanadianStandardsAssociation(CSA),ON,Canada
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.11Articles409,430,440,460,470,AnnexD,ExampleD8
WayneBrinkmeyer,ChairBiddleElectricCorporation,TX[IM]
Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
-
CopyrightNFPA
FrederickBried, Spring,TX[U]Rep.AmericanPetroleumInstitute
RickL.Bunch,
TecumsehProductsCompany,MI[M]Rep.AirConditioningandRefrigerationInstitute
JoeDavidCox,
EastmanChemicalCompany,TN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
MichaelA.DAmico,
IBEWLocalUnion488,CT[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
ThomasJ.Garvey,
StateofWisconsin,WI[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
CharlesA.Goetz,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated
PaulE.Guidry,
FluorEnterprises,Incorporated,TX[U]Rep.AssociatedBuilders&Contractors,Incorporated
LeoH.Haas,Jr.,
CenterPointEnergy,Incorporated,TX,[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
VincentJ.Saporita, CooperBussmann,MO[M]
LynnF.Saunders,
GeneralMotorsWFGUtilitiesServices,MI[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
LawrenceE.Todd,
IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,OR[RT]
RonWidup,
ShermcoIndustries,Incorporated,TX[IM]Rep.InterNationalElectricalTestingAssociationIncorporated
JamesR.Wright,
SiemensEnergy&Automation,Incorporated,IL[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
Alternates
ElwoodJ.Dodge,
AddisonProductsCompany,FL[M]Rep.AirConditioningandRefrigerationInstitute(Alt.toR.L.Bunch)
RalphM.Esemplare,
ConsolidatedEdisonCompanyofNewYork,NY[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toL.H.Haas,Jr.)
JamesM.Fahey, IBEWLocalUnion103,MA[L]
-
CopyrightNFPA
Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toM.A.DAmico)
StanleyJ.Folz,
FolzElectric,Incorporated,IL[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toW.Brinkmeyer)
WilliamD.Glover,
PPGIndustries,Incorporated,WV[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toJ.D.Cox)
PaulS.Hamer,
ChevronTexacoCorporation,CA[U]Rep.AmericanPetroleumInstitute(Alt.toF.Bried)
RobertJ.Keough,
EmersonMotorCompany,MO[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.R.Wright)
ThomasE.Moore,
StarkCountyBuildingDepartment,OH[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toT.J.Garvey)
GeorgeJ.Ockuly, Chesterfield,MO[M](Alt.toV.J.Saporita)
FredericA.Salzman,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT](Alt.toC.A.Goetz)
ArthurJ.Smith,III,
WaldemarS.Nelson&Company,Incorporated,LA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toL.F.Saunders)
Nonvoting
NinoMancini, CSAInternational,ON,Canada
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.12Articles610,620,625,630,640,645,647,650,660,665,668,669,670,685,
AnnexD,ExamplesD9andD10
CharlesM.Trout,ChairMaronElectricCompany,FL[IM]
Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
ThomasM.Burke, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,CA[RT]
KentB.Givens, AluminumCompanyofAmerica,TX[M]
-
CopyrightNFPA
Rep.TheAluminumAssociation(VLto610,625,630,645,660,665,668,669,685)
RonL.Janikowski,
CityofWausau,Wisconsin,WI[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
RobertE.Johnson,
ITESafety,MA[U]Rep.InformationTechnologyIndustryCouncil(VLto640,645,647,685)
RobertA.Jones,
IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
AndyJuhasz,
KoneIncorporated,IL[M]Rep.NationalElevatorIndustryIncorporated(VLto610,620,630)
SamMarcovici, NewYorkCityDepartmentofBuildings,NY[E]
JohnH.Mortimer, InductothermCorporation,NJ[M](VLto665)
RalphC.Prichard,
HerculesIncorporated,DE[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
RonaldL.Purvis,
GeorgiaPowerCompany,GA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
DavidR.Quave,
IBEWLocalUnion903,MS[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
RobertH.Reuss,
MorrisMaterialHandling,LLC,WI[M]Rep.CraneManufacturersAssociationofAmericaIncorporated(VLto610)
ArthurE.Schlueter,Jr.,
A.E.SchlueterPipeOrganCompany,GA[M]Rep.AmericanInstituteofOrganBuilders(VLto640,650)
KennethP.White,
OlinCorporation,TN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
JamesE.Winfrey,
SquareDCompany,NC[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
Alternates
WilliamE.Anderson, TheProcter&GambleCompany,OH[U]
-
CopyrightNFPA
Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toR.C.Prichard)
JeffreyW.Blain,
SchindlerElevatorCorporation,NJ[M]Rep.NationalElevatorIndustryIncorporated(Alt.toA.Juhasz)(VLto610,620,630)
WilliamA.Brunner,
IBEWLocalUnion714,ND[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toD.R.Quave)
ScottCline,
McMurtreyElectric,Incorporated,CA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toC.M.Trout)
RobertMichaelForister,
CityofSheridan,Wyoming,WY[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toR.L.Janikowski)
BarryG.Karnes,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,CA[RT](Alt.toT.M.Burke)
ToddF.Lottmann,
CooperBussmann,MO[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.E.Winfrey)
RogerD.McDaniel,
GeorgiaPowerCompany,GA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toR.L.Purvis)
GeorgeS.Tidden,
GeorgesElectricalServiceIncorporated,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toR.A.Jones)
RobertC.Turner,
InductothermCorporation,NJ[M](Alt.toJ.H.Mortimer)(VLto665)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.13Articles445,455,480,690,692,695,700,701,702,705
ThomasH.Wood,ChairCecilB.WoodIncorporated,IL[IM]
Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
TarryL.Baker, BrowardCountyBoardofRules&Appeals,FL[E]
-
CopyrightNFPA
Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
WardI.Bower,
SandiaNationalLaboratories,NM[U]Rep.SolarEnergyIndustriesAssociation(VLto690,692,705)
DouglasL.Elkins,
ExxonMobilChemicalCompany,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
GeorgeW.Flach, GeorgeW.FlachConsultant,Incorporated,LA[SE]
ErnestJ.Gallo,
TelcordiaTechnologies,Incorporated,NJ[U]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions(VLto445,480,690,692)
MichaelV.Glenn,
LongviewFibreCompany,WA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
BanksHattaway,
HattawayBrothers,Incorporated,AL[IM]Rep.AssociatedBuildersandContractors,Incorporated
TimothyD.Holleman,
ACCorporation,NC[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
BarryN.Hornberger,
PECOEnergyCompany,PA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
JohnR.Kovacik, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
KennethKrastins,
PlugPower,Incorporated,NY[M]Rep.U.S.FuelCellCouncil(VLto690,692,705)
JamesS.Nasby,
MasterControlSystems,Inc.,IL[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
StevenH.Pasternack,
IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,NY[RT]
ToddW.Stafford,
NationalJointApprentice&TrainingCommittee,IBEWNJATC,TN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
LaVerneE.Stetson,
Lincoln,NE[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyofAgriculturalEngineers
HerbertV.Whittall,
ElectricalGeneratingSystemsAssociation,FL[M]Rep.ElectricalGeneratingSystemsAssociation
-
CopyrightNFPA
Alternates
DanielBatta,Jr.,
ConstellationGenerationGroup,LLC,MD[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toB.N.Hornberger)
SonyaM.Bird,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NC[RT](Alt.toJ.R.Kovacik)
RonB.Chilton,
NorthCarolinaDepartmentofInsurance,NC[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toT.L.Baker)
BrianL.Crise,
NIETC,OR[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toT.W.Stafford)
StevenJ.Fredette,
UTCCells,LLC,CT[M]Rep.U.S.FuelCellCouncil(Alt.toK.Krastins)(VLto690,692,705)
RonaldH.Minter,
Thomas&Betts,TN[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.S.Nasby)
DukeW.Schamel,
CopperheadElectricInc,CA[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toT.D.Holleman)
RobertL.Simpson,
SimpsonElectricalEngineeringCompany,GA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toM.V.Glenn)
RichardSobel,
QuantumElectricCorporation,NY[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toT.H.Wood)
DaleA.Triffo,
ShellOilProductsUS,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toD.L.Elkins)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.14Articles500,501,502,503,504,505,506,510,511,513,514,515,516
DonaldR.Cook,ChairShelbyCountyBuildingInspections,AL[E]
-
CopyrightNFPA
Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
TroyBeall,
B&DElectricCompany,Incorporated,NM[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
EdwardM.Briesch, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT]
AlEngler,
EGSElectricalGroup,IL[M]Rep.InternationalSocietyforMeasurementandControl
MarkGoodman,
JacobsEngineeringGroup,CA[U]Rep.AmericanPetroleumInstitute
GregoryD.Hall,
BetterWayElectric,Incorporated,CO[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
JohnKatunar,III,
GEGlobalAssetProtectionServices,MO[I]Rep.GEGlobalAssetProtectionServices
JosephH.Kuczka,
KillarkElectricManufacturingCompany,MO[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
WilliamG.Lawrence,Jr., FMGlobal,MA[I]Rep.FMGlobal/FMResearch
JeremyNeagle, IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,NY[RT]
MikeOMeara,
ArizonaPublicServiceCompany,AZ[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
DavidB.Wechsler,
TheDowChemicalCompany,TX[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
JamesA.Weldon,
IBEWLocalUnion728,FL[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
MarkC.Wirfs,
R&WEngineeringIncorporated,OR[U]Rep.GrainElevatorandProcessingSociety
DonaldW.Zipse,
ZipseElectricalEngineeringIncorporated,PA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
Alternates
A.W.Ballard,
CrouseHinds,NY[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.H.Kuczka)
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CopyrightNFPA
MarcJ.Bernsen,
SouthwesternIdahoElectricalJATC,ID[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toJ.A.Weldon)
MarkW.Bonk,
CargillIncorporated,MN[U]Rep.GrainElevatorandProcessingSociety(Alt.toM.C.Wirfs)
GiovanniHummelBorges,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,Brasil[RT](Alt.toE.M.Briesch)
JamesD.Cospolich,
WaldemarS.Nelson&CompanyIncorporated,LA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toD.W.Zipse)
LarryE.Fuhrman,
CityofTitusville,FL[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toD.R.Cook)
NicholasP.Ludlam,
FMGlobal,MA[I]Rep.FMGlobal/FMResearch(Alt.toW.G.Lawrence,Jr.)
MichaelE.McNeil,
FMCCorporation/BioPolymer,ME[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil(Alt.toD.B.Wechsler)
TedH.Schnaare,
RosemountIncorporated,MN[M]Rep.InternationalSocietyforMeasurementandControl(Alt.toA.Engler)
FrancisM.Stone,Jr.,
ShellExplorationandProductionCompany,TX[U]Rep.AmericanPetroleumInstitute(Alt.toM.Goodman)
Nonvoting
EduardoN.Solano, EstudioIngenieroSolanoS.A.,Argentina[SE]
FredK.Walker, U.S.AirForce,FL[U]Rep.TConAirportFacilities
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.15Articles517,518,520,525,530,540
DonaldJ.Talka,ChairUnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT]
-
CopyrightNFPA
JamesR.Duncan,
SparlingElectricalEngineering,WA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
TomDunn,
ButlerAmusements,CA[U]Rep.OutdoorAmusementBusinessAssociation,Incorporated(VLto525)
DouglasS.Erickson,
AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering,VirginIslands[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering
MichaelB.Klein,
MetropolitanEngineering,Incorporated,DC[IM]Rep.IlluminatingEngineeringSocietyofNorthAmerica(VLto518,520,525,530,540)
EdwinS.Kramer,
RadioCityMusicHall,NY[L]Rep.InternationalAllianceofTheatricalStageEmployees(VLto518,520,525,530,540)
LarryLau, U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,DC[U](VLto517,518)
DennisW.Marshall,
TAGElectricCompanies,TX[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
EugeneE.Morgan,
CountyofClackamas,Oregon,OR[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
HughO.Nash,Jr.,
NashLipseyBurch,LLC,TN[SE]Rep.TConElectricalSystems
BruceD.Shelly,
ShellyElectricCompany,Inc.,PA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
DonaldJ.Sherratt,
IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,MA[RT]
MichaelD.Skinner,
CBSStudioCenter,CA[U]Rep.AllianceofMotionPictureandTelevisionProducers(VLto518,520,525,530,540)
RichardH.Smith,
OG&EElectricServices,OK[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
KennethE.Vannice,
LevitonManufacturingCompanyIncorporated,OR[M]Rep.U.S.InstituteforTheatreTechnology(VLto518,520,525,530,540)
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CopyrightNFPA
MichaelVelvikis,
HighVoltageMaintenanceCorporation,WI[IM]Rep.InterNationalElectricalTestingAssociationIncorporated
AndrewWhite,
IBEWLocalUnion3,NY[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
JamesL.Wiseman,
SquareDCompany,TN[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
Alternates
JamesR.Cook,
IBEWLocalUnion364,IL[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toA.White)
MatthewB.Dozier,
IDesignServices,TN[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toJ.R.Duncan)
SamuelB.Friedman,
BICCGeneralCableCorporation,RI[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.L.Wiseman)
DaleA.Hallerberg,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT](Alt.toD.J.Talka)
MitchellK.Hefter,
EntertainmentTechnology,TX[IM]Rep.IlluminatingEngineeringSocietyofNorthAmerica(Alt.toM.B.Klein)(VLto518,520,525,530,540))
StanleyD.Kahn,
TriCityElectricCompany,Incorporated,CA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toB.D.Shelly)
MalindaJoyceSampson,
MinnesotaElectricityBoard,MN[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toE.E.Morgan)
JamesC.Seabury,III,
EnterpriseElectric,LLC,TN[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toD.W.Marshall)
StevenR.Terry,
ElectronicTheatreControlsIncorporated,NY[M]Rep.U.S.InstituteforTheatreTechnology(Alt.toK.E.Vannice)(VLto518,520,525,530,540)
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CopyrightNFPA
RodneyM.Young,
DetroitEdisonCompany,MI[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toR.H.Smith)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.16Articles770,800,810,820,830
StanleyD.Kahn,ChairTriCityElectricCompany,Incorporated,CA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
J.RobertBoyer,
EdwardsSystemsTechnology,Incorporated,NJ[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
JamesE.Brunssen,
Telcordia,NJ[U]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions
LarryChan,
CityofNewOrleans,LA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
GeraldLeeDorna,
BeldenWire&Cable,IN[M]Rep.InsulatedCableEngineersAssociationIncorporated
RolandW.Gubisch,
IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,MA[RT]
RobertL.Hughes,
TheDuPontCompany,TN[U]Rep.AmericanChemistryCouncil
RobertW.Jensen,
dbiTelecommunicationInfrastructureDesign,TX[M]Rep.BuildingIndustryConsultingServicesInternational
StevenC.Johnson,
TimeWarnerCable,NC[UT]Rep.NationalCable&TelecommunicationsAssociation
RonaldG.Jones,
RonaldG.Jones,P.E.,TX[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
Barrett(Barry)Kalian,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesofCanada,ON,Canada[RT]
HaroldC.Ohde,
IBEW/NECATechnicalInstitute,IL[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
JosephW.Rao,
R.A.O.ElectricCompany,FL[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
JamesW.Romlein, MVLabsLLC,WI[M]
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Rep.TelecommunicationsIndustryAssociation
KyleE.Todd,
EntergyCorporation,TX[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
Alternates
AlanAmato,
TimesFiberCommunications,Incorporated,CT[UT]Rep.NationalCable&TelecommunicationsAssociation(Alt.toS.C.Johnson)
DonnaBallast,
UniversityofTexasatAustin,TX[M]Rep.BuildingIndustryConsultingServicesInternational(Alt.toR.W.Jensen)
ChrysanthosChrysanthou,
TelcordiaTechnologies/SAIC,NJ[U]Rep.AllianceforTelecommunicationsIndustrySolutions(Alt.toJ.E.Brunssen)
TerryC.Coleman,
NationalJointApprentice&TrainingCommittee,TN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toH.C.Ohde)
WilliamK.Hopple,
Tyco/SimplexGrinnell,CA[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toJ.R.Boyer)
Dr.StanleyKaufman,
CableSafe/OFS,GA[M]Rep.InsulatedCableEngineersAssociationIncorporated(Alt.toG.L.Dorna)
RobertW.McCourt,
PublicServiceElectricandGasCompany,NJ[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toK.E.Todd)
WilliamJ.McCoy,
VerizonWireless,TX[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toR.G.Jones)
RobertP.McGann,
CityofCambridge,MA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toL.Chan)
W.DouglasPirkle,
PirkleElectricCompany,Incorporated,GA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toS.D.Kahn)
LuigiG.Prezioso, M.C.Dean,Incorporated,VA[IM]
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Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toJ.W.Rao)
BradleyC.Rowe,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT](Alt.toB.Kalian)
Nonvoting
IrvingMande, Westport,CT[M]
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.17Articles422,424,426,427,680,682
DonW.Jhonson,ChairInteriorElectric,Incorporated,FL[IM]
Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
RichardJ.Cripps,
AssociationofHomeApplianceManufacturers,DC[M]Rep.AssociationofHomeApplianceManufacturers(VLto422,424)
BillHanthorn,
TycoThermalControls,ON,Canada[M]Rep.CopperDevelopmentAssociation,Incorporated
BruceR.Hirsch,
BaltimoreGas&ElectricCompany,MD[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
ChristopherT.Hutchings,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,CA[RT]
WalterKoessel, IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,MO[RT]
RobertM.Milatovich,
ClarkCountyBuildingDepartment,NV[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
MarcosRamirez,
HatfieldReynoldsElectricCompany,AZ[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
BrianE.Rock,
HubbellIncorporated,CT[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
AnthonyP.Sardina,
UTCCarrierCorporation,NY[M]Rep.AirConditioningandRefrigerationInstitute(VLto422,424)
LeeL.West,
BalboaInstruments,Incorporated,CA[M]Rep.NationalSpaandPoolInstitute(VLto680)
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RandyJ.Yasenchak,
IBEWLocalUnion607,PA[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
RobertM.Yurkanin,
ElectranProcessInternationalIncorporated,NJ[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
Alternates
DennisL.Baker,
Springs&SonsElectricalContractorsIncorporated,AZ[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toM.Ramirez)
MarkR.Berner,
PPLElectricUtilitiesCorporation,PA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toB.R.Hirsch)
J.RonCaccamese,
NathanElectricCompany,LTD.,TX[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toR.J.Yasenchak)
AaronB.Chase,
LevitonManufacturingCompany,Incorporated,NY[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toB.E.Rock)
PaulCrivell,
KennedyJenksConsultants,WA[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated(Alt.toR.M.Yurkanin)
JamesE.Maldonado,
CityofTempe,AZ[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toR.M.Milatovich)
CannonSun,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,Taiwan[RT](Alt.toC.T.Hutchings)
D.HaroldWare,
LibraElectricCompany,OK[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toD.W.Jhonson)
RobertE.Wisenburg,
CoatesHeaterCompany,Incorporated,WA[M]Rep.NationalSpaandPoolInstitute(Alt.toL.L.West)(VLto680)
Nonvoting
WilliamH.King,Jr.,
U.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission,MD[C](Alt.toA.M.Trotta)
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AndrewM.Trotta, U.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission,MD[C]
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.18Articles406,410,411,600,605
MichaelN.Ber,ChairIEC,Houston,TX[IM]
Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
PaulCostello,
NECAandIBEWLocal90JATC,CT[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
KennethA.Fetzer, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NC[RT]
StephenG.Kieffer,
Kieffer&Company,Incorporated,WI[M]Rep.InternationalSignAssociation(VLto600)
StevenA.Larson,
BWXTY12,LLC,TN[U]Rep.InstituteofElectrical&ElectronicsEngineers,Incorporated
MichaelS.OBoyle,
GenlyteThomasGroup,MA[M]Rep.AmericanLightingAssociation(VLto410,411)
TimothyS.Owens,
CityofSanDiego,CA[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
JimF.Pierce, IntertekTestingServicesNA,Incorporated,OR[RT]
SaulRosenbaum,
LevitonManufacturingCompanyIncorporated,NY[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
MichaelW.Smith,
GuaranteeElectricalCompany,MO[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
CarlTimWall,
AlabamaPowerCompany,AL[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
JackWells, Pass&Seymour/Legrand,NY[M]
Alternates
RobertT.Carlock,
R.T.CarlockCompany,TN[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toM.N.Ber)
FrederickL.Carpenter, LithoniaLighting,GA[M]
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Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toS.Rosenbaum)
AmosD.Lowrance,Jr.,
CityofChattanooga,Tennessee,TN[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toT.S.Owens)
RonaldMichaelis,
SouthBendVicinityElectricalJATC,IN[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toP.Costello)
ChristopherP.ONeil,
NationalGridUSAServiceCompany,MA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toC.T.Wall)
AlanM.Smith,
France/ScottFetzerCompany,TN[M]Rep.InternationalSignAssociation(Alt.toS.G.Kieffer)(VLto600)
RachnaStegall,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT](Alt.toK.A.Fetzer)
CharlesM.Trout,
MaronElectricCompany,FL[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation(Alt.toM.W.Smith)
CODEMAKINGPANELNO.19Articles545,547,550,551,552,553,555,604,675,AnnexD,ExamplesD11andD12
RobertA.McCullough,ChairOceanCountyConstructionInspectionDepartment,NJ[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors
BarryBauman,
AlliantEnergy,WI[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyofAgriculturalEngineers
JamesW.Finch,
KampgroundsofAmerica,Incorporated,MT[U](VLto550,551,552,555)
BruceA.Hopkins,
RecreationVehicleIndustryAssociation,VA[M]Rep.RecreationVehicleIndustryAssociation(VLto550,551,552)
RobertL.LaRocca, UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,NY[RT]
TimothyP.McNeive, Thomas&BettsCorporation,TN[M]
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Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation
JohnMikel,
SkylineCorporation,IN[M]Rep.ManufacturedHousingInstitute(VLto550,551,552)
TugL.Miller,
NationalAssociationofRVParks&Campgrounds,CA[U]Rep.NationalAssociationofRVParks&Campgrounds(VLto550,551,552)
LeslieSabinMercado,
SanDiegoGas&ElectricCompany,CA[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI
WilliamJ.Tipton,
IBEWLocalUnion575,OH[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers
KennethWeakley,
MountainElectric,Incorporated,CA[IM]Rep.NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation
WilliamA.Zanicchi,
AAACertifiedElectricIncorporated,FL[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated
MichaelL.Zieman, RADCO,CA[RT](VLto545,550,551,552)
Alternates
GlennH.Ankenbrand,
ConectivPower,MD[UT]Rep.ElectricLight&PowerGroup/EEI(Alt.toL.SabinMercado)
StevenJ.Blais,
EGSElectricalGroup,IL[M]Rep.NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(Alt.toT.P.McNeive)
MonteR.Ewing,
WisconsinDepartmentofCommerce,WI[E]Rep.InternationalAssociationofElectricalInspectors(Alt.toR.A.McCullough)
ThomasR.Lichtenstein,
UnderwritersLaboratoriesIncorporated,IL[RT](Alt.toR.L.LaRocca)
LindaJ.Little,
IBEWLocalUnion1,MO[L]Rep.InternationalBrotherhoodofElectricalWorkers(Alt.toW.J.Tipton)
SuzanneMark,
NationalAssociationofRVParks&Campgrounds,VA[U]Rep.NationalAssociationofRVParks&Campgrounds
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(Alt.toT.L.Miller)(VLto550,551,552)
N.KentMorgan,
ACCorporation,NC[IM]Rep.IndependentElectricalContractors,Incorporated(Alt.toW.A.Zanicchi)
KentPerkins,
RecreationVehicleIndustryAssociation,VA[M]Rep.RecreationVehicleIndustryAssociation(Alt.toB.A.Hopkins)(VLto550,551,552)
JohnG.Sims,
NTAIncorporated,IN[M]Rep.ManufacturedHousingInstitute(Alt.toJ.Mikel)(VLto550,551,552)
KeithG.Tinsey,
MichiganStateUniversity,MI[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyofAgriculturalEngineers(Alt.toB.Bauman)
RaymondF.Tucker,
ConsultingProfessionalEngineer,CA[RT](Alt.toM.L.Zieman)(VLto545,550,551,552)
NFPAElectricalEngineeringDivisionTechnicalStaff
MarkW.Earley, AssistantVicePresident/ChiefElectricalEngineer
KennethG.Mastrullo, SeniorElectricalSpecialist
JeanA.O'Connor,
ElectricalProjectSpecialist/SupportSupervisor
LeeF.Richardson, SeniorElectricalEngineer
RichardJ.Roux, SeniorElectricalSpecialist
JeffreyS.Sargent, SeniorElectricalSpecialist
JosephV.Sheehan, PrincipalElectricalEngineer
DonaldW.Shields, SeniorElectricalSpecialist
NFPAStaffEditor
JoyceG.Grandy,SeniorProjectEditor
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Note:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbytheCommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsonminimizingtheriskofelectricityasasourceofelectricshockandasapotentialignitionsourceoffiresandexplosions.Itshallalsoberesponsiblefortexttominimizethepropagationoffireandexplosionsduetoelectricalinstallations.
NFPA70NationalElectricalCode
2005Edition
IMPORTANTNOTE:ThisNFPAdocumentismadeavailableforusesubjecttoimportantnoticesandlegaldisclaimers.ThesenoticesanddisclaimersappearinallpublicationscontainingthisdocumentandmaybefoundundertheheadingImportantNoticesandDisclaimersConcerningNFPADocuments.TheycanalsobeobtainedonrequestfromNFPAorviewedatwww.nfpa.org/disclaimers.
ARTICLE90Introduction
90.1Purpose.
(A)PracticalSafeguarding.ThepurposeofthisCodeisthepracticalsafeguardingofpersonsandpropertyfromhazardsarisingfromtheuseofelectricity.
(B)Adequacy.ThisCodecontainsprovisionsthatareconsiderednecessaryforsafety.Compliancetherewithandpropermaintenanceresultsinaninstallationthatisessentiallyfreefromhazardbutnotnecessarilyefficient,convenient,oradequateforgoodserviceorfutureexpansionofelectricaluse.
FPN:HazardsoftenoccurbecauseofoverloadingofwiringsystemsbymethodsorusagenotinconformitywiththisCode.Thisoccursbecauseinitialwiringdidnotprovideforincreasesintheuseofelectricity.Aninitialadequateinstallationandreasonableprovisionsforsystemchangesprovideforfutureincreasesintheuseofelectricity.
(C)Intention.ThisCodeisnotintendedasadesignspecificationoraninstructionmanualforuntrainedpersons.
(D)RelationtoOtherInternationalStandards.TherequirementsinthisCodeaddressthefundamentalprinciplesofprotectionforsafetycontainedinSection131ofInternationalElectrotechnicalCommissionStandard603641,ElectricalInstallationsofBuildings.
FPN:IEC603641,Section131,containsfundamentalprinciplesofprotectionforsafetythatencompassprotectionagainstelectricshock,protectionagainstthermaleffects,protectionagainstovercurrent,protectionagainstfaultcurrents,andprotectionagainstovervoltage.AllofthesepotentialhazardsareaddressedbytherequirementsinthisCode.
90.2Scope.
(A)Covered.ThisCodecoverstheinstallationofelectricalconductors,equipment,andracewayssignalingandcommunicationsconductors,equipment,andracewaysandoptical
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fibercablesandracewaysforthefollowing:
(1)
Publicandprivatepremises,includingbuildings,structures,mobilehomes,recreationalvehicles,andfloatingbuildings
(2)
Yards,lots,parkinglots,carnivals,andindustrialsubstations
FPNto(2):Foradditionalinformationconcerningsuchinstallationsinanindustrialormultibuildingcomplex,seeANSIC22002,NationalElectricalSafetyCode.
(3)
Installationsofconductorsandequipmentthatconnecttothesupplyofelectricity
(4)
Installationsusedbytheelectricutility,suchasofficebuildings,warehouses,garages,machineshops,andrecreationalbuildings,thatarenotanintegralpartofageneratingplant,substation,orcontrolcenter.
(B)NotCovered.ThisCodedoesnotcoverthefollowing:
(1)
Installationsinships,watercraftotherthanfloatingbuildings,railwayrollingstock,aircraft,orautomotivevehiclesotherthanmobilehomesandrecreationalvehicles
FPN:AlthoughthescopeofthisCodeindicatesthatthe
Codedoesnotcoverinstallationsinships,portionsofthisCodeareincorporatedbyreferenceintoTitle46,CodeofFederalRegulations,Parts110113.
(2)
Installationsundergroundinminesandselfpropelledmobilesurfaceminingmachineryanditsattendantelectricaltrailingcable
(3)
Installationsofrailwaysforgeneration,transformation,transmission,ordistributionofpowerusedexclusivelyforoperationofrollingstockorinstallationsusedexclusivelyforsignalingandcommunicationspurposes
(4)
Installationsofcommunicationsequipmentundertheexclusivecontrolofcommunicationsutilitieslocatedoutdoorsorinbuildingspacesusedexclusivelyforsuchinstallations
(5)
Installationsundertheexclusivecontrolofanelectricutilitywheresuchinstallations
a.
Consistofservicedropsorservicelaterals,andassociatedmetering,or
b.
Arelocatedinlegallyestablishedeasements,rightsofway,orbyotheragreementseitherdesignatedbyorrecognizedbypublicservicecommissions,utilitycommissions,orotherregulatoryagencieshavingjurisdictionforsuchinstallations,or
c.
Areonpropertyownedorleasedbytheelectricutilityforthepurposeofcommunications,metering,generation,control,transformation,transmission,ordistributionofelectricenergy.
FPNto(4)and(5):
Examplesofutilitiesmayincludethoseentitiesthataretypicallydesignatedorrecognizedbygovernmentallaworregulationbypublicservice/utilitycommissionsandthatinstall,operate,andmaintainelectricsupply(suchasgeneration,transmission,ordistributionsystems)orcommunicationsystems(suchastelephone,CATV,Internet,satellite,ordataservices).Utilitiesmaybesubjecttocompliancewithcodesandstandardscoveringtheirregulatedactivitiesasadoptedundergovernmentallaworregulation.Additionalinformationcanbefoundthroughconsultationwiththe
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appropriategovernmentalbodies,suchasstateregulatorycommissions,FederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission,andFederalCommunicationsCommission.
(C)SpecialPermission.TheauthorityhavingjurisdictionforenforcingthisCodemaygrantexceptionfortheinstallationofconductorsandequipmentthatarenotundertheexclusivecontroloftheelectricutilitiesandareusedtoconnecttheelectricutilitysupplysystemtotheserviceentranceconductorsofthepremisesserved,providedsuchinstallationsareoutsideabuildingorterminateimmediatelyinsideabuildingwall.
90.3CodeArrangement.
ThisCodeisdividedintotheintroductionandninechapters,asshownin
Figure90.3.Chapters1,2,3,and4applygenerallyChapters5,6,and7applytospecialoccupancies,specialequipment,orotherspecialconditions.Theselatterchapterssupplementormodifythegeneralrules.Chapters1through
4applyexceptasamendedbyChapters5,6,and7fortheparticularconditions.
Chapter8coverscommunicationssystemsandisnotsubjecttotherequirementsofChapters1through
7exceptwheretherequirementsarespecificallyreferencedinChapter8.
Chapter9consistsoftables.
AnnexesarenotpartoftherequirementsofthisCodebutareincludedforinformationalpurposesonly.
Figure90.3CodeArrangement.
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90.4Enforcement.
ThisCodeisintendedtobesuitableformandatoryapplicationbygovernmentalbodiesthatexerciselegaljurisdictionoverelectricalinstallations,includingsignalingandcommunicationssystems,andforusebyinsuranceinspectors.TheauthorityhavingjurisdictionforenforcementoftheCodehastheresponsibilityformakinginterpretationsoftherules,fordecidingontheapprovalofequipmentandmaterials,andforgrantingthespecialpermissioncontemplatedinanumberoftherules.
Byspecialpermission,theauthorityhavingjurisdictionmaywaivespecificrequirementsinthisCodeorpermitalternativemethodswhereitisassuredthatequivalentobjectivescanbeachievedbyestablishingandmaintainingeffectivesafety.
ThisCodemayrequirenewproducts,constructions,ormaterialsthatmaynotyetbeavailableatthetimetheCodeisadopted.Insuchevent,theauthorityhavingjurisdictionmaypermittheuseoftheproducts,constructions,ormaterialsthatcomplywith
themostrecentpreviouseditionofthisCodeadoptedbythejurisdiction.
90.5MandatoryRules,PermissiveRules,andExplanatoryMaterial.
(A)MandatoryRules.MandatoryrulesofthisCodearethosethatidentifyactionsthatarespecificallyrequiredorprohibitedandarecharacterizedbytheuseofthetermsshallorshallnot.
(B)PermissiveRules.PermissiverulesofthisCodearethosethatidentifyactionsthatareallowedbutnotrequired,arenormallyusedtodescribeoptionsoralternativemethods,andarecharacterizedbytheuseofthetermsshallbepermittedorshallnotberequired.
(C)ExplanatoryMaterial.Explanatorymaterial,suchasreferencestootherstandards,referencestorelatedsectionsofthisCode,orinformationrelatedtoaCoderule,isincludedinthisCodeintheformoffineprintnotes(FPNs).FineprintnotesareinformationalonlyandarenotenforceableasrequirementsofthisCode.
BracketscontainingsectionreferencestoanotherNFPAdocumentareforinformationalpurposesonlyandareprovidedasaguidetoindicatethesourceoftheextractedtext.Thesebracketedreferencesimmediatelyfollowtheextractedtext.
FPN:TheformatandlanguageusedinthisCodefollowsguidelinesestablishedbyNFPAandpublishedinthe
NECStyleManual.CopiesofthismanualcanbeobtainedfromNFPA.
90.6FormalInterpretations.
TopromoteuniformityofinterpretationandapplicationoftheprovisionsofthisCode,formalinterpretationprocedureshavebeenestablishedandarefoundintheNFPARegulationsGoverningCommitteeProjects.
90.7ExaminationofEquipmentforSafety.
ForspecificitemsofequipmentandmaterialsreferredtointhisCode,examinationsforsafetymadeunderstandardconditionsprovideabasisforapprovalwheretherecordismadegenerallyavailablethroughpromulgationbyorganizationsproperlyequippedandqualified
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forexperimentaltesting,inspectionsoftherunofgoodsatfactories,andservicevaluedeterminationthroughfieldinspections.Thisavoidsthenecessityforrepetitionofexaminationsbydifferentexaminers,frequentlywithinadequatefacilitiesforsuchwork,andtheconfusionthatwouldresultfromconflictingreportsonthesuitabilityofdevicesandmaterialsexaminedforagivenpurpose.
ItistheintentofthisCodethatfactoryinstalledinternalwiringortheconstructionofequipmentneednotbeinspectedatthetimeofinstallationoftheequipment,excepttodetectalterationsordamage,iftheequipmenthasbeenlistedbyaqualifiedelectricaltestinglaboratorythatisrecognizedashavingthefacilitiesdescribedintheprecedingparagraphandthatrequiressuitabilityforinstallationinaccordancewiththisCode.
FPNNo.1:Seerequirementsin110.3.
FPNNo.2:ListedisdefinedinArticle 100.
FPNNo.3:AnnexAcontainsaninformativelistofproductsafetystandardsforelectricalequipment.
90.8WiringPlanning.
(A)FutureExpansionandConvenience.Plansandspecificationsthatprovideamplespaceinraceways,spareraceways,andadditionalspacesallowforfutureincreasesinelectricpowerandcommunicationcircuits.Distributioncenterslocatedinreadilyaccessiblelocationsprovideconvenienceandsafetyofoperation.
(B)NumberofCircuitsinEnclosures.ItiselsewhereprovidedinthisCodethatthenumberofwiresandcircuitsconfinedinasingleenclosurebevaryinglyrestricted.Limitingthenumberofcircuitsinasingleenclosureminimizestheeffectsfromashortcircuitorgroundfaultinonecircuit.
90.9UnitsofMeasurement.
(A)MeasurementSystemofPreference.ForthepurposeofthisCode,metricunitsofmeasurementareinaccordancewiththemodernizedmetricsystemknownastheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI).
(B)DualSystemofUnits.SIunitsshallappearfirst,andinchpoundunitsshallimmediatelyfollowinparentheses.ConversionfrominchpoundunitstoSIunitsshallbebasedonhardconversionexceptasprovidedin
90.9(C).
(C)PermittedUsesofSoftConversion.Thecasesgivenin
90.9(C)(1)through(C)(4)shallnotberequiredtousehardconversionandshallbepermittedtousesoftconversion.
(1)TradeSizes.Wheretheactualmeasuredsizeofaproductisnotthesameasthenominalsize,tradesizedesignatorsshallbeusedratherthandimensions.Tradepracticesshallbefollowedinallcases.
(2)ExtractedMaterial.Wherematerialisextractedfromanotherstandard,thecontextoftheoriginalmaterialshallnotbecompromisedorviolated.AnyeditingoftheextractedtextshallbeconfinedtomakingthestyleconsistentwiththatoftheNEC.
(3)IndustryPractice.Whereindustrypracticeistoexpressunitsininchpoundunits,the
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inclusionofSIunitsshallnotberequired.
(4)Safety.Whereanegativeimpactonsafetywouldresult,softconversionshallbeused.
(D)Compliance.ConversionfrominchpoundunitstoSIunitsshallbepermittedtobeanapproximateconversion.CompliancewiththenumbersshownineithertheSIsystemortheinchpoundsystemshallconstitutecompliancewiththisCode.
FPNNo.1:Hardconversionisconsideredachangeindimensionsorpropertiesofanitemintonewsizesthatmightormightnotbeinterchangeablewiththesizesusedintheoriginalmeasurement.Softconversionisconsideredadirectmathematicalconversionandinvolvesachangeinthedescriptionofanexistingmeasurementbutnotintheactualdimension.
FPNNo.2:SIconversionsarebasedonIEEE/ASTMSI101997,StandardfortheUseoftheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetricSystem.
Chapter1General
ARTICLE100Definitions
Scope.ThisarticlecontainsonlythosedefinitionsessentialtotheproperapplicationofthisCode.Itisnotintendedtoincludecommonlydefinedgeneraltermsorcommonlydefinedtechnicaltermsfromrelatedcodesandstandards.Ingeneral,onlythosetermsthatareusedintwoormorearticlesaredefinedinArticle100.OtherdefinitionsareincludedinthearticleinwhichtheyareusedbutmaybereferencedinArticle100.
PartIofthisarticlecontainsdefinitionsintendedtoapplywhereverthetermsareusedthroughoutthisCode.PartIIcontainsdefinitionsapplicableonlytothepartsofarticlesspecificallycoveringinstallationsandequipmentoperatingatover600volts,nominal.
I.General
Accessible(asappliedtoequipment).Admittingcloseapproachnotguardedbylockeddoors,elevation,orothereffectivemeans.
Accessible(asappliedtowiringmethods).Capableofbeingremovedorexposedwithoutdamagingthebuildingstructureorfinishornotpermanentlyclosedinbythestructureorfinishofthebuilding.
Accessible,Readily(ReadilyAccessible).Capableofbeingreachedquicklyforoperation,renewal,orinspectionswithoutrequiringthosetowhomreadyaccessisrequisitetoclimboverorremoveobstaclesortoresorttoportableladders,andsoforth.
Ampacity.Thecurrent,inamperes,thataconductorcancarrycontinuouslyundertheconditionsofusewithoutexceedingitstemperaturerating.
Appliance.Utilizationequipment,generallyotherthanindustrial,thatisnormallybuiltinstandardizedsizesortypesandisinstalledorconnectedasaunittoperformoneormorefunctionssuchasclotheswashing,airconditioning,foodmixing,deepfrying,andsoforth.
Approved.Acceptabletotheauthorityhavingjurisdiction.
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Askarel.Agenerictermforagroupofnonflammablesyntheticchlorinatedhydrocarbonsusedaselectricalinsulatingmedia.Askarelsofvariouscompositionaltypesareused.Underarcingconditions,thegasesproduced,whileconsistingpredominantlyofnoncombustiblehydrogenchloride,canincludevaryingamountsofcombustiblegases,dependingontheaskareltype.
AttachmentPlug(PlugCap)(Plug).Adevicethat,byinsertioninareceptacle,establishesaconnectionbetweentheconductorsoftheattachedflexiblecordandtheconductorsconnectedpermanentlytothereceptacle.
AuthorityHavingJurisdiction(AHJ).Theorganization,office,orindividualresponsibleforapprovingequipment,materials,aninstallation,oraprocedure.
FPN:ThephraseauthorityhavingjurisdictionisusedinNFPAdocumentsinabroadmanner,sincejurisdictionsandapprovalagenciesvary,asdotheirresponsibilities.Wherepublicsafetyisprimary,theAHJmaybeafederal,state,local,orotherregionaldepartmentorindividualsuchasafirechieffiremarshalchiefofafirepreventionbureau,labordepartment,orhealthdepartmentbuildingofficialelectricalinspectororothershavingstatutoryauthority.Forinsurancepurposes,aninsurance
inspectiondepartment,ratingbureau,orotherinsurancecompanyrepresentativemaybetheAHJ.Inmanycircumstances,thepropertyownerorhisorherdesignatedagentassumestheroleoftheAHJatgovernmentinstallations,thecommandingofficerordepartmentalofficialmaybetheAHJ.
Automatic.Selfacting,operatingbyitsownmechanismwhenactuatedbysomeimpersonalinfluence,as,forexample,achangeincurrent,pressure,temperature,ormechanicalconfiguration.
Bathroom.Anareaincludingabasinwithoneormoreofthefollowing:atoilet,atub,orashower.
Bonding(Bonded).Thepermanentjoiningofmetallicpartstoformanelectricallyconductivepaththatensureselectricalcontinuityandthecapacitytoconductsafelyanycurrentlikelytobeimposed.
BondingJumper.Areliableconductortoensuretherequiredelectricalconductivitybetweenmetalpartsrequiredtobeelectricallyconnected.
BondingJumper,Equipment.Theconnectionbetweentwoormoreportionsoftheequipmentgroundingconductor.
BondingJumper,Main.Theconnectionbetweenthegroundedcircuitconductorandtheequipmentgroundingconductorattheservice.
BondingJumper,System.Theconnectionbetweenthegroundedcircuitconductorandtheequipmentgroundingconductorataseparatelyderivedsystem.
BranchCircuit.Thecircuitconductorsbetweenthefinalovercurrentdeviceprotectingthecircuitandtheoutlet(s).
BranchCircuit,Appliance.Abranchcircuitthatsuppliesenergytooneormoreoutletstowhichappliancesaretobeconnectedandthathasnopermanentlyconnectedluminaires(lightingfixtures)thatarenotapartofanappliance.
BranchCircuit,GeneralPurpose.Abranchcircuitthatsuppliestwoormorereceptacles
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oroutletsforlightingandappliances.
BranchCircuit,Individual.Abranchcircuitthatsuppliesonlyoneutilizationequipment.
BranchCircuit,Multiwire.Abranchcircuitthatconsistsoftwoormoreungroundedconductorsthathaveavoltagebetweenthem,andagroundedconductorthathasequalvoltagebetweenitandeachungroundedconductorofthecircuitandthatisconnectedtotheneutralorgroundedconductorofthesystem.
Building.Astructurethatstandsaloneorthatiscutofffromadjoiningstructuresbyfirewallswithallopeningsthereinprotectedbyapprovedfiredoors.
Cabinet.Anenclosurethatisdesignedforeithersurfacemountingorflushmountingandisprovidedwithaframe,mat,ortriminwhichaswingingdoorordoorsareorcanbehung.
CircuitBreaker.Adevicedesignedtoopenandcloseacircuitbynonautomaticmeansandtoopenthecircuitautomaticallyonapredeterminedovercurrentwithoutdamagetoitselfwhenproperlyappliedwithinitsrating.
FPN:Theautomaticopeningmeanscanbeintegral,directactingwiththecircuitbreaker,orremotefromthecircuitbreaker.
Adjustable(asappliedtocircuitbreakers).Aqualifyingtermindicatingthatthecircuitbreakercanbesettotripatvariousvaluesofcurrent,time,orboth,withinapredeterminedrange.
InstantaneousTrip(asappliedtocircuitbreakers).
Aqualifyingtermindicatingthatnodelayispurposelyintroducedinthetrippingactionofthecircuitbreaker.
InverseTime(asappliedtocircuitbreakers).Aqualifyingtermindicatingthatthereispurposelyintroducedadelayinthetrippingactionofthecircuitbreaker,whichdelaydecreasesasthemagnitudeofthecurrentincreases.
Nonadjustable(asappliedtocircuitbreakers).
Aqualifyingtermindicatingthatthecircuitbreakerdoesnothaveanyadjustmenttoalterthevalueofcurrentatwhichitwilltriporthetimerequiredforitsoperation.
Setting(ofcircuitbreakers).Thevalueofcurrent,time,orboth,atwhichanadjustablecircuitbreakerissettotrip.
Concealed.Renderedinaccessiblebythestructureorfinishofthebuilding.Wiresinconcealedracewaysareconsideredconcealed,eventhoughtheymaybecomeaccessiblebywithdrawingthem.
Conductor,Bare.Aconductorhavingnocoveringorelectricalinsulationwhatsoever.
Conductor,Covered.AconductorencasedwithinmaterialofcompositionorthicknessthatisnotrecognizedbythisCodeaselectricalinsulation.
Conductor,Insulated.AconductorencasedwithinmaterialofcompositionandthicknessthatisrecognizedbythisCodeaselectricalinsulation.
ConduitBody.Aseparateportionofaconduitortubingsystemthatprovidesaccessthrougharemovablecover(s)totheinteriorofthesystematajunctionoftwoormoresectionsofthesystemorataterminalpointofthesystem.
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BoxessuchasFSandFDorlargercastorsheetmetalboxesarenotclassifiedasconduitbodies.
Connector,Pressure(Solderless).Adevicethatestablishesaconnectionbetweentwoormoreconductorsorbetweenoneormoreconductorsandaterminalbymeansofmechanicalpressureandwithouttheuseofsolder.
ContinuousLoad.Aloadwherethemaximumcurrentisexpectedtocontinuefor3hoursormore.
Controller.Adeviceorgroupofdevicesthatservestogovern,insomepredeterminedmanner,theelectricpowerdeliveredtotheapparatustowhichitisconnected.
CookingUnit,CounterMounted.Acookingappliancedesignedformountinginoronacounterandconsistingofoneormoreheatingelements,internalwiring,andbuiltinormountablecontrols.
Coordination(Selective).Localizationofanovercurrentconditiontorestrictoutagestothecircuitorequipmentaffected,accomplishedbythechoiceofovercurrentprotectivedevicesandtheirratingsorsettings.
CopperCladAluminumConductors.Conductorsdrawnfromacoppercladaluminumrodwiththecoppermetallurgicallybondedtoanaluminumcore.Thecopperformsaminimumof10percentofthecrosssectionalareaofasolidconductororeachstrandofastrandedconductor.
CutoutBox.Anenclosuredesignedforsurfacemountingthathasswingingdoorsorcoverssecureddirectlytoandtelescopingwiththewallsoftheboxproper.
DeadFront.Withoutlivepartsexposedtoapersonontheoperatingsideoftheequipment.
DemandFactor.Theratioofthemaximumdemandofasystem,orpartofasystem,tothetotalconnectedloadofasystemorthepartofthesystemunderconsideration.
Device.Aunitofanelectricalsystemthatisintendedtocarryorcontrolbutnotutilizeelectricenergy.
DisconnectingMeans.Adevice,orgroupofdevices,orothermeansbywhichtheconductorsofacircuitcanbedisconnectedfromtheirsourceofsupply.
Dusttight.Constructedsothatdustwillnotentertheenclosingcaseunderspecifiedtestconditions.
Duty,Continuous.Operationatasubstantiallyconstantloadforanindefinitelylongtime.
Duty,Intermittent.Operationforalternateintervalsof(1)loadandnoloador(2)loadandrestor(3)load,noload,andrest.
Duty,Periodic.Intermittentoperationinwhichtheloadconditionsareregularlyrecurrent.
Duty,ShortTime.Operationatasubstantiallyconstantloadforashortanddefinite,specifiedtime.
Duty,Varying.Operationatloads,andforintervalsoftime,bothofwhichmaybesubject
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towidevariation.
DwellingUnit.Asingleunit,providingcompleteandindependentlivingfacilitiesforoneormorepersons,includingpermanentprovisionsforliving,sleeping,cooking,andsanitation.
Dwelling,OneFamily.Abuildingthatconsistssolelyofonedwellingunit.
Dwelling,TwoFamily.Abuildingthatconsistssolelyoftwodwellingunits.
Dwelling,Multifamily.Abuildingthatcontainsthreeormoredwellingunits.
ElectricSign.Afixed,stationary,orportableselfcontained,electricallyilluminatedutilizationequipmentwithwordsorsymbolsdesignedtoconveyinformationorattractattention.
Enclosed.Surroundedbyacase,housing,fence,orwall(s)thatpreventspersonsfromaccidentallycontactingenergizedparts.
Enclosure.Thecaseorhousingofapparatus,orthefenceorwallssurroundinganinstallationtopreventpersonnelfromaccidentallycontactingenergizedpartsortoprotecttheequipmentfromphysicaldamage.
FPN:See Table430.91forexamplesofenclosuretypes.
Energized.Electricallyconnectedto,oris,asourceofvoltage.
Equipment.Ageneraltermincludingmaterial,fittings,devices,appliances,luminaires(fixtures),apparatus,andthelikeusedasapartof,orinconnectionwith,anelectricalinstallation.
ExplosionproofApparatus.Apparatusenclosedinacasethatiscapableofwithstandinganexplosionofaspecifiedgasorvaporthatmayoccurwithinitandofpreventingtheignitionofaspecifiedgasorvaporsurroundingtheenclosurebysparks,flashes,orexplosionofthegasorvaporwithin,andthatoperatesatsuchanexternaltemperaturethatasurroundingflammableatmospherewillnotbeignitedthereby.
FPN:Forfurtherinformation,seeANSI/UL12031999,ExplosionProofandDustIgnitionProofElectricalEquipmentforUseinHazardous(Classified)Locations.
Exposed(asappliedtoliveparts).Capableofbeinginadvertentlytouchedorapproachednearerthanasafedistancebyaperson.Itisappliedtopartsthatarenotsuitablyguarded,isolated,orinsulated.
Exposed(asappliedtowiringmethods).Onorattachedtothesurfaceorbehindpanelsdesignedtoallowaccess.
ExternallyOperable.Capableofbeingoperatedwithoutexposingtheoperatortocontactwithliveparts.
Feeder.Allcircuitconductorsbetweentheserviceequipment,thesourceofaseparatelyderivedsystem,orotherpowersupplysourceandthefinalbranchcircuitovercurrentdevice.
FestoonLighting.Astringofoutdoorlightsthatissuspendedbetweentwopoints.
Fitting.Anaccessorysuchasalocknut,bushing,orotherpartofawiringsystemthatis
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intendedprimarilytoperformamechanicalratherthananelectricalfunction.
Garage.Abuildingorportionofabuildinginwhichoneormoreselfpropelledvehiclescanbekeptforuse,sale,storage,rental,repair,exhibition,ordemonstrationpurposes.
FPN:Forcommercialgarages,repairandstorage,seeArticle 511.
Ground.Aconductingconnection,whetherintentionaloraccidental,betweenanelectricalcircuitorequipmentandtheearthortosomeconductingbodythatservesinplaceoftheearth.
Grounded.Connectedtoearthortosomeconductingbodythatservesinplaceoftheearth.
Grounded,Effectively.Intentionallyconnectedtoearththroughagroundconnectionorconnectionsofsufficientlylowimpedanceandhavingsufficientcurrentcarryingcapacitytopreventthebuildupofvoltagesthatmayresultinunduehazardstoconnectedequipmentortopersons.
Grounded,Solidly.Connectedtogroundwithoutinsertinganyresistororimpedancedevice.
GroundedConductor.Asystemorcircuitconductorthatisintentionallygrounded.
GroundFaultCircuitInterrupter(GFCI).AdeviceintendedfortheprotectionofpersonnelthatfunctionstodeenergizeacircuitorportionthereofwithinanestablishedperiodoftimewhenacurrenttogroundexceedsthevaluesestablishedforaClassA
device.
FPN:ClassAgroundfaultcircuitinterrupterstripwhenthecurrenttogroundhasavalueintherangeof4mAto6mA.Forfurtherinformation,seeUL943,StandardforGroundFaultCircuitInterrupters.
GroundFaultProtectionofEquipment.Asystemintendedtoprovideprotectionofequipmentfromdamaginglinetogroundfaultcurrentsbyoperatingtocauseadisconnectingmeanstoopenallungroundedconductorsofthefaultedcircuit.Thisprotectionisprovidedatcurrentlevelslessthanthoserequiredtoprotectconductorsfromdamagethroughtheoperationofasupplycircuitovercurrentdevice.
GroundingConductor.Aconductorusedtoconnectequipmentorthegroundedcircuitofawiringsystemtoagroundingelectrodeorelectrodes.
GroundingConductor,Equipment.Theconductorusedtoconnectthenoncurrentcarryingmetalpartsofequipment,raceways,andotherenclosurestothesystemgroundedconductor,thegroundingelectrodeconductor,orboth,attheserviceequipmentoratthesourceofaseparatelyderivedsystem.
GroundingElectrode.Adevicethatestablishesanelectricalconnectiontotheearth.
GroundingElectrodeConductor.Theconductorusedtoconnectthegroundingelectrode(s)totheequipmentgroundingconductor,tothegroundedconductor,ortoboth,attheservice,ateachbuildingorstructurewheresuppliedbyafeeder(s)orbranchcircuit(s),oratthesourceofaseparatelyderivedsystem.
Guarded.Covered,shielded,fenced,enclosed,orotherwiseprotectedbymeansofsuitablecovers,casings,barriers,rails,screens,mats,orplatformstoremovethelikelihoodof
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approachorcontactbypersonsorobjectstoapointofdanger.
GuestRoom.Anaccommodationcombiningliving,sleeping,sanitary,andstoragefacilitieswithinacompartment.
GuestSuite.Anaccommodationwithtwoormorecontiguousroomscomprisingacompartment,withorwithoutdoorsbetweensuchrooms,thatprovidesliving,sleeping,sanitary,andstoragefacilities.
HandholeEnclosure.Anenclosureidentifiedforuseinundergroundsystems,providedwithanopenorclosedbottom,andsizedtoallowpersonneltoreachinto,butnotenter,forthepurposeofinstalling,operating,ormaintainingequipmentorwiringorboth.
Hoistway.Anyshaftway,hatchway,wellhole,orotherverticalopeningorspaceinwhichanelevatorordumbwaiterisdesignedtooperate.
Identified(asappliedtoequipment).Recognizableassuitableforthespecificpurpose,function,use,environment,application,andsoforth,wheredescribedinaparticularCoderequirement.
FPN:Someexamplesofwaystodeterminesuitabilityofequipmentforaspecificpurpose,environment,orapplicationincludeinvestigationsbyaqualifiedtestinglaboratory(listingandlabeling),aninspectionagency,orotherorganizationsconcernedwithproductevaluation.
InSightFrom(WithinSightFrom,WithinSight).WherethisCodespecifiesthatoneequipmentshallbeinsightfrom,withinsightfrom,orwithinsight,andsoforth,ofanotherequipment,thespecifiedequipmentistobevisibleandnotmorethan15m(50ft)distantfromtheother.
InterruptingRating.Thehighestcurrentatratedvoltagethatadeviceisintendedtointerruptunderstandardtestconditions.
FPN:Equipmentintendedtointerruptcurrentatotherthanfaultlevelsmayhaveitsinterruptingratingimpliedinotherratings,suchashorsepowerorlockedrotorcurrent.
Isolated(asappliedtolocation).Notreadilyaccessibletopersonsunlessspecialmeansforaccessareused.
Labeled.Equipmentormaterialstowhichhasbeenattachedalabel,symbol,orotheridentifyingmarkofanorganizationthatisacceptabletotheauthorityhavingjurisdictionandconcernedwithproductevaluation,thatmaintainsperiodicinspectionofproductionoflabeledequipmentormaterials,andbywhoselabelingthemanufacturerindicatescompliancewithappropriatestandardsorperformanceinaspecifiedmanner.
LightingOutlet.Anoutletintendedforthedirectconnectionofalampholder,aluminaire(lightingfixture),orapendantcordterminatinginalampholder.
Listed.Equipment,materials,orservicesincludedinalistpublishedbyanorganizationthatisacceptabletotheauthorityhavingjurisdictionandconcernedwithevaluationofproductsorservices,thatmaintainsperiodicinspectionofproductionoflistedequipmentormaterialsorperiodicevaluationofservices,andwhoselistingstatesthattheequipment,material,orserviceseithermeetsappropriatedesignatedstandardsorhasbeentestedandfoundsuitableforaspecifiedpurpose.
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FPN:Themeansforidentifyinglistedequipmentmayvaryforeachorganizationconcernedwithproductevaluation,someofwhichdonotrecognizeequipmentaslistedunlessitisalsolabeled.Useofthesystememployedbythelistingorganizationallowstheauthorityhavingjurisdictiontoidentifyalistedproduct.
LiveParts.Energizedconductivecomponents.
Location,Damp.Locationsprotectedfromweatherandnotsubjecttosaturationwithwaterorotherliquidsbutsubjecttomoderatedegreesofmoisture.Examplesofsuchlocationsincludepartiallyprotectedlocationsundercanopies,marquees,roofedopenporches,andlikelocations,andinteriorlocationssubjecttomoderatedegreesofmoisture,suchassomebasements,somebarns,andsomecoldstoragewarehouses.
Location,Dry.Alocationnotnormallysubjecttodampnessorwetness.Alocationclassifiedasdrymaybetemporarilysubjecttodampnessorwetness,asinthecaseofabuildingunderconstruction.
Location,Wet.Installationsundergroundorinconcreteslabsormasonryindirectcontactwiththeearthinlocationssubjecttosaturationwithwaterorotherliquids,suchasvehiclewashingareasandinunprotectedlocationsexposedtoweather.
Luminaire.Acompletelightingunitconsistingofalamporlampstogetherwiththepartsdesignedtodistributethelight,topositionandprotectthelampsandballast(whereapplicable),andtoconnectthelampstothepowersupply.
MetalEnclosedPowerSwitchgear.Aswitchgearassemblycompletelyenclosedonallsidesandtopwithsheetmetal(exceptforventilatingopeningsandinspectionwindows)containingprimarypowercircuitswitching,interruptingdevices,orboth,withbusesandconnections.Theassemblymayincludecontrolandauxiliarydevices.Accesstotheinterioroftheenclosureisprovidedbydoors,removablecovers,orboth.
MotorControlCenter.Anassemblyofoneormoreenclosedsectionshavingacommonpowerbusandprincipallycontainingmotorcontrolunits.
MultioutletAssembly.Atypeofsurface,flush,orfreestandingracewaydesignedtoholdconductorsandreceptacles,assembledinthefieldoratthefactory.
Nonautomatic.Actionrequiringpersonalinterventionforitscontrol.Asappliedtoanelectriccontroller,nonautomaticcontroldoesnotnecessarilyimplyamanualcontroller,butonlythatpersonalinterventionisnecessary.
NonlinearLoad.
Aloadwherethewaveshapeofthesteadystatecurrentdoesnotfollowthewaveshapeoftheappliedvoltage.
FPN:Electronicequipment,electronic/electricdischargelighting,adjustablespeeddrivesystems,andsimilarequipmentmaybenonlinearloads.
Outlet.Apointonthewiringsystematwhichcurrentistakentosupplyutilizationequipment.
OutlineLighting.Anarrangementofincandescentlamps,electricdischargelighting,orotherelectricallypoweredlightsourcestooutlineorcallattentiontocertainfeaturessuchas
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theshapeofabuildingorthedecorationofawindow.
Overcurrent.
Anycurrentinexcessoftheratedcurrentofequipmentortheampacityofaconductor.Itmayresultfromoverload,shortcircuit,orgroundfault.
FPN:Acurrentinexcessofratingmaybeaccommodatedbycertainequipmentandconductorsforagivensetofconditions.Therefore,therulesforovercurrentprotectionarespecificforparticularsituations.
Overload.
Operationofequipmentinexcessofnormal,fullloadrating,orofaconductorinexcessofratedampacitythat,whenitpersistsforasufficientlengthoftime,wouldcausedamageordangerousoverheating.Afault,suchasashortcircuitorgroundfault,isnotanoverload.
Panelboard.
Asinglepanelorgroupofpanelunitsdesignedforassemblyintheformofasinglepanel,includingbusesandautomaticovercurrentdevices,andequippedwithorwithoutswitchesforthecontroloflight,heat,orpowercircuitsdesignedtobeplacedinacabinetorcutoutboxplacedinoragainstawall,partition,orothersupportandaccessibleonlyfromthefront.
Plenum.Acompartmentorchambertowhichoneormoreairductsareconnectedandthatformspartoftheairdistributionsystem.
PowerOutlet.
Anenclosedassemblythatmayincludereceptacles,circuitbreakers,fuseholders,fusedswitches,buses,andwatthourmetermountingmeansintendedtosupplyandcontrolpowertomobilehomes,recreationa