www.inl.gov Next Generation Nuclear Plant Industrial Process Heat Applications and Economics Dr. Michael G. McKellar [email protected]01 208 526-1346 Technical and Economic Assessment of Non-Electric Applications of Nuclear, NEA/IAEA Expert Workshop Paris, France, April 5, 2013
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Next Generation Nuclear Plant Industrial Process Heat Applications and Economics Dr. Michael G. McKellar [email protected] 01 208 526-1346
Technical and Economic Assessment of Non-Electric
Applications of Nuclear,
NEA/IAEA Expert Workshop
Paris, France, April 5, 2013
Outline
• Objectives
• Advantages of HTGR Process Heat
• Assumptions
• Process Heat Applications
• Hybrid Energy Systems
• Conclusions
1
Objectives
• The Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Project, led by Idaho National Laboratory, is part of a nationwide effort under the direction of the U.S. Department of Energy to address a national strategic need identified in the Energy Policy Act of 2005—to promote the use of nuclear energy and establish a technology for hydrogen and electricity production that is free of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
• This presentation is a summary of analyses performed by the NGNP project to determine whether it is technically and economically feasible to integrate high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) technology into industrial processes.
2
Advantages of HTGR High-Temperature Process Heat
3
• Reducing CO2 emissions by replacing the heat derived from burning fossil fuels, as practiced by a wide range of chemical and petrochemical processes, and co-generating electricity, steam, and hydrogen.
• Generating electricity at higher efficiencies than are possible with current nuclear power generation technology
• Providing a secure long-term domestic energy supply and reducing reliance on offshore energy sources
• Producing synthetic transportation fuels with lower life cycle, well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than fuels derived from conventional synthetic fuel production processes and similar or lower WTW GHG emissions than fuels refined from crude oil
Advantages of HTGR High-Temperature Process Heat
4
• Producing energy at a stable long-term cost that is relatively unaffected by volatile fossil fuel prices and a potential carbon tax, a price set on GHG emissions
• Extending the availability of natural resources for uses other than a source of heat, such as a petrochemical feedstock
• Providing benefits to the national economy such as more near-term jobs to build multiple plants, more long-term jobs to operate the plants, and a reinvigorated heavy manufacturing sector.
Assumptions: Process Models
5
• No heat loss in piping between HTGRs and process applications except with SAGD
• Natural gas composition based on information published by Northwest Gas Association
• Natural gas standard volume flow: 15.56°C (60°F)
HES Example: Nuclear Hybrid System to Offset Fluctuations in Wind or Solar Power
Steam turbine
generators
Methanol
synthesis
Steam
generation
Nuclear energy
Methane
reforming steam
Natural gas
Reliable base or
intermediate power
Synfuel carbon
fuel
power heat
Wind energy
Hybrid Energy Systems Integrate
• Energy sources
• Industrial Processes
Via
• Storage
• Power Production
• Process Heat
• Instrumentation and Control
Conclusions
• Integration NGNP HTGRs with process heat applications greatly reduces greenhouse gas emissions
• HTGRs produce electricity at higher thermal efficiencies (less heat loss, less water usage) than LWRs
• Many HTGR integrated process heat applications are economically feasible (i.e. SAGD, GTL (Methanol path), GTL (Fischer Tropsch path)
• A reactor outlet temperature of 850 C is ideal for many process heat applications
• Imposed carbon taxes would help promote HTGR integrated process heat applications
• Hybrid Energy Systems provides a means to effectively integrate renewable energy, nuclear energy, and process heat applications through storage, process heat, power production, instrumentation and control.