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Main Idea 2: Northern Europe’s natural resources include energy sources, soils, and seas.
Energy
Forests and Soils•Large areas of timber-producing forests stretch across Finland and Scandinavian Peninsula.•Fertile soils provide rich farmland for crops.•Livestock like sheep and dairy cattle are common.
Seas and Oceans
•The science of making maps
•Develop accurate maps on almost any scale and keep them up to date.
• North Sea, Norwegian Sea, and the Atlantic Ocean provide rich stocks of fish.
• Fishing is key industry in Norway, Denmark, and Iceland.
Next
• Oil and natural gas deposits under the North Sea
• Hydroelectric energy produced by lakes and rivers
• Geothermal energy, or energy from the heat of Earth’s interior, from Iceland’s hot springs
Main Idea 2: Scandinavia today is known for its peaceful and prosperous countries.
• Today, the countries of Scandinavia have much in common– Similar political views, languages, and religion– Large, wealthy cities, strong economies, and well-educated workers
– High standards of living
– Sweden, Denmark, Greenland, Finland, Norway, and Iceland are among the world’s most peaceful, stable, and prosperous nations.
Denmark•Smallest Scandinavian country and most densely populated•About 50 percent of land is used for farming.•Farm goods are important exports.•Modern industries, such as iron and electronics, are important as well.
Scandinavia Today
Greenland•Geographically part of North America, but is a territory of Denmark•Thick ice sheet covers about 80 percent of the land.•Much of island is uninhabitable, or not able to support human settlement.•Most live on southwest coast where climate is warmest.•Heavily dependent on imports and economic aid from Denmark
Sweden•Largest and most populous Scandinavian country•More than 80 percent live in urban areas• Stockholm, capital and largest city, is built on 14 islands and part of the mainland.•Sweden has been a neutral country for more than 200 years, meaning that it has chosen not to take sides in international conflicts.
Norway•One of the longest coastlines in the world•Fjords shelter Norway’s many harbors.• Oslo, capital city, is the country’s leading seaport and industrial center.•Highest per capita GDP in Scandinavia•North Sea provides valuable oil and natural gas resources.•Refused to join the European Union
Finland•Easternmost Scandinavian country, between Sweden and Russia• Helsinki is the capital and the largest city.•Trade is important.•Paper and forest products are important exports.•Shipbuilding and electronics are important industries.
Iceland•Fertile farmland along the island’s coast produces crops and supports cattle and sheep.•Fish account for about 70 percent of Iceland’s exports.•Steam from hot springs and geysers, or springs that shoot hot water and steam into the air, produce geothermal energy.•Tourists come to see the geysers, volcanoes, and glaciers.