PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE SPIEDigitalLibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie New teaching methods in use at UC Irvine's optical engineering and instrument design programs Silberman, Donn, Rowe, T. Scott, Jo, Joshua, Dimas, David Donn M. Silberman, T. Scott Rowe, Joshua Jo, David Dimas, "New teaching methods in use at UC Irvine's optical engineering and instrument design programs," Proc. SPIE 8481, Optics Education and Outreach II, 848103 (15 October 2012); doi: 10.1117/12.928814 Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2012, San Diego, California, United States Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020 Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
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New teaching methods in use at UCIrvine's optical engineering andinstrument design programs
Silberman, Donn, Rowe, T. Scott, Jo, Joshua, Dimas,David
Donn M. Silberman, T. Scott Rowe, Joshua Jo, David Dimas, "New teachingmethods in use at UC Irvine's optical engineering and instrument designprograms," Proc. SPIE 8481, Optics Education and Outreach II, 848103 (15October 2012); doi: 10.1117/12.928814
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2012, San Diego, California,United States
Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020 Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
New teaching methods in use at UC Irvine Optical Engineering &
Instrument Design Programs
Donn M. Silbermana,d
, T. Scott Roweb,d
, Joshua S. Joc,d
, David Dimasd
aPI (Physik Instrumente) L.P., 5420 Trabuco Rd. Ste., Irvine, CA 92620, b Rowe Technical Design,
24865 Danafir, Dana Point, CA 92629, cSyprosoft Engineering, 1150 Main St # E. Irvine, CA
92614, dUC Irvine Extension, Pereira Drive West of East Peltason Dr., Building 234, Irvine,
California 92697
ABSTRACT
New teaching methods reach geographically dispersed students with advances in Distance Education. Capabilities
include a new "Hybrid" teaching method with an instructor in a classroom and a live WebEx simulcast for remote
students. Our Distance Education Geometric and Physical Optics courses include Hands-On Optics experiments. Low
cost laboratory kits have been developed and YouTube type video recordings of the instructor using these tools guide the
students through their labs. A weekly "Office Hour" has been developed using WebEx and a Live Webcam the instructor
uses to display his live writings from his notebook for answering students' questions.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-1Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
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their Certificate in either our Optical Engineering program or our Optical Instrument Design
program.
The new instructors include Scott Rowe, Joshua Jo, Donn Silberman, Charles Vice and beginning in
September 2012, Keith Kasunic. Scott has taught our Optical Instrument Design course, Joshua is
teaching our Introductory and Advanced Lens Design courses, Donn is teaching our Geometric and
Physical Optics courses, Charles and Scott are teaching Optomechanical Component Design and
Keith will be teaching a new course titled, ‘Optomechanical Systems Engineering.’ We are also in
the process of hiring new instructors for other current and future courses and will mention that in the
last section of this paper.
We had students receive their certificates in Optical Engineering (8) and Optical Instrument Design
(2) in June 2012 and more will be receiving them on an ongoing basis each quarter; as they apply for
candidacy and complete their requirements.
3. NEW HYBRID TEACHING METHODS
In this section we will first discuss the motivations for these new methods. The primary motivation
is to reach more students in geographically dispersed areas. Other important motivations include
having the lectures and live student/instructor interactions recorded for student review after each
class period or office hour is over. This has proven to be very helpful to students, as this material
tends to be very technical and detailed and students may miss key points during the lectures.
Reaching geographically dispersed students, was necessitated due to the large geographic area
covered by Southern California and the traffic congestion preventing potential students from
enrolling. Even though we did and continue to have students who drive up to 1 hour each way to
attend courses at the UC Irvine campuses; we still viewed this as a major challenge.
Even in So. Cal. the traffic can discourage potential students for attending live classes. Typical drive time in traffic can be 1+ hrs
Current & past student locations in So. Cal.
Irvine
Fig. 1. Southern California demographic for students in UC Irvine Optical Engineering programs.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-2Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
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After our first year of courses, we approached the UC Irvine Extension Instructional Technology and
Distance Learning Center staff and asked if we could try a new Hybrid Teaching method. UC Irvine
Extension had an extensive On-Line Distance Education capability, but had never offered a course
where the instructor was in the classroom with some students, while other students were live on-line
via WebEx. The main question we had to answer was: Why record the live lectures? The answers
we found were:
– Instructors move through complex course material quickly and sometimes it is
challenging for students to keep up.
– Students ask questions / instructors to provide answers, and sometimes this goes too
quick for adequate note taking
– Being able to review the lectures improves the students’ ability to comprehend and
retain the course material.
– Allows instructors to focus time on direct interaction with students (where a majority
of the learning takes place)
– Gives students the ability to stop and replay sections of the lectures and office hour
interactions as needed
Then the next question was: How many more students could we reach using these new methods?
The answer is provided in Figure 2 below, where we see a recent map of students enrolled, including
students near Toronto, Boston, Seattle and in Israel. Our Introduction to Lens Design course last fall
had about 10 students from outside Southern California. We believe these new teaching methods
will continue to attract students from many more diverse locations from around the world.
4. NEW HYBRID TEACHING TOOLS
The new hybrid teaching tools includes UC Irvine Extension WebEx Service, Webcams, Extensive
IT support from UC Irvine Extension’s Instructional Technology and Distance Learning Center staff
along with Network licenses for optical and mechanical software tools.
Fig. 2. Current demographic for students in UC Irvine Optical Engineering & Instrument Design programs.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-3Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
vc Academic Departments University of California at University of California at x
An example of retrieving recorded lectures from the UC Irvine Extension WebEx Service is
shown in Figure 3 below.
This screen shot shows how a student can retrieve and review a recorded lecture from throughout the
course. This can assist the students in recalling information delivered during the course lectures and
includes the slides the instructor was showing, his/her audio discussion and any other information,
like student questions and instructor answers that were recorded during the live lecture.
In addition, Webcams video and audio that were used for various purposes were also recorded and
we will discuss this in more detail in a later section in this paper.
One of the main reasons for our successes with these programs and the new teaching methods has
been the outstanding support from the UC Irvine Extension Instructional Technology and Distance
Learning Center staff. In addition to the technology they offer students and instructors, they offer
extensive training programs for instructors and complete on-line support for both students and
instructors. They also have well trained staff available live on the phone and through live chat lines
at the Student Services and the IT Departments. Typically, an IT staff member will be on-line at the
beginning of each session to make sure all is well; then they sign off.
The screen shot in Figure 4 shows the home web page for the UC Irvine Extension Instructional
Technology services. Here we see that they have a particular Computer Lab Location which is an
excellent resource we used during our first experiments with the Hybrid Teaching Tools. Each
student who came to the classroom for any of our Optical Engineering required core courses had a
PC to use on the desk and they could also use their personal laptop through the UC Irvine WiFi
system. This enabled the students in the classroom to act as eyes and ears to assist the remote
students and the instructor make sure the remote students could interact with the instructor and the
Fig. 3. Typical screen shot for students to review recorded live lectures.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-4Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
Standard Lab EquipmentAll labs have a ceiling mounted overheat
the instructor station, a black and white li
server (read/write for instructors, read on
Internet AccessAll Extension UCI campus labs and class
Internet access at all stations.
Laptop Computers For ClassWe provide several laptop computers tha
Extension classroom use. All have Micro
Explorer software, and are Internet capak
program manager or order online to rest
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Home : Teaching at UCI Extension : Instructional Technology
Instructional Technology
About Instructional TechnologyThe UC Irvine Extension Instructional Technology department
provides advanced computing resources for continuing education
programs for lab, classroom and online Distance Learning
courses. Computer lab and smart classrooms services include
networked computer workstations, lab printers, file servers and
data networks. Administration and technical assistance is also
provided for WebEx online meetings as well as My Courses, the
online tool for instructors to post course materials.
Computer Lab LocationsUCI Extension, main campus:
PC Lab "A.- PC lab with 27 stations (UXA201)
Pre -Installed SoftwareWe provide a suite of "Standard Programs" in all PC labs
including Microsoft Office and Internet Explorer running on
Windows, which are automatically installed each quarter. Custom
software installations for specialized computer science,
engineering and business courses are also available - subject
to planning manager approvals.
Custom SoftwareWe produce custom installations and load software images on
lab workstations every quarter, so advance planning is essential
for your required software to be available on time and functioningune x. uci. edulpdfs/my _accountlinstructor_guide.pdf
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projector connected to
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y for students).
rooms have high speed
roomst are available for
soft Office and Internet
le. Please contact your
rve one for a class
erved for use with a
er. Instructors using a
personal laptop in one of our classrooms are required by the
Office of Information Technology (OIT) to "register" your laptop to
enable an Internet connection. For assistance with "registering"
for the Internet, please visit the OIT UCinet Mobile Access
Reaistration pape or contact OIT ate (949) 824 -4222.
Technical SupportThe Instructional Technology (ITECH) department maintains all
computer software, hardware, printers, servers and networks in
our labs and smart classrooms, and will be happy to assist you
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other students. This was a very important development in breaking the barriers and helped us begin
to use all the advanced information technology tools the school has to offer.
Regarding working with network licenses from optical and mechanical software vendors, we began
using Zemax Lens Design Software tools and have had an excellent ongoing working relationship
with their customer support team. Combining this to the UC Irvine Extension IT department staff,
the students and instructors have had a pretty much trouble free experience (we did have a learning
curve in the first year, but we are now over that). We have also used SolidWorks Students Edition
and have not had trouble with that, although we have had much less experience to date with this
portion of our program. Recently, we have introduced our Geometric and Physical Optics students
to OSLO and CODE V and will be having our students use these and other software tools going
forward. We will touch on this again in the final section of this paper.
5. NEW ON-LINE TEACHING METHODS
New on-line teaching methods are and have been used in our Introduction and Advanced Lens
Design courses and our Physical and Geometric Optics courses. These methods are also scheduled
to be used in our new Optomechanical Systems Engineering course and will be used in other courses
as well.
Our Geometric and Physical Optics courses are delivered through using the following methods:
Fig. 4. Screen shot from UC Irvine Extension Instructional Technology home web page.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-5Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
If you're new to online courses and / or this particular delivery platform(called Moodie), we'll take a quick look at how things are laid out so youcan get oriented to your new surroundings. You're looking at the coursehome page, which divides the course into sections or "lessons." (You mayneed to scroll down to see the lessons.)
Each lesson has a time period associated with it consisting of a start dateand an end date. Within each lesson, you'll see icons corresponding torecorded lectures (usually labeled as Class 1, Class 2, etc.),supplementary materials to read or review, and activities such asdiscussion forums and assignments.
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– A main home web page exists for each course and is divided into weekly sections.
– Recorded Lectures are available in both Flash & SmartPhone versions
– Supplemental On-Line materials are provided and include:
• Links to other websites
• Java applets
• Significant papers in pdf file formate
– Hands-On Lab Assignments
– Weekly WebEx Office / Lab Hour
Fig. 5. Screen shot from Geometric Optics Home Web Page.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-6Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
a wor : You will need the low cost (or other) opticalbenches, meter stick, steel rule, lenses, light source orilluminated object and a screen (white piece of paper or a whitewall) to focus the real images, when they exist.
1. Using the positive and negative lenses, set up as many different 2lens imaging systems as you can and identify and calculate thefollowing parameters and estimate your uncertainties:
System focal lengthEntrance & Exit Pupils locations and diametersObject and Image heights and locations
2. Draw a diagram of each system labeling each of the above.3. Between now and the end of the course. you will be required to build
a nice refracting telescope. It should either be the actualGalileoscope of something very similar. See the GalileoscopeAssembly Instructions at the bottom of this section.
Donn's Fundamental Optics - Thick Lenses
Q Geometric Optics - Class 5 - Session 1 - Focal Properties - Flash version
Geometric Optics Class 5 - Session 1 - Focal PropertiesSmartPhone version
O Geometric Optics - Class 5 Session 2 Nodal Slides - Flash version
A. Geometric Optics - Class 5 Session 2 -Nodal Slides - SmartPhone version
Q Geometric Optics - Class 5 - Session 3 - Stops and Pupils - Flash version
( Geometric Optics - Class 5 - Session 3 - Stops and Pupils - SmartPhoneversion
O Geometric Optics - Class 5 - Session 4 - NA - Depth of Field- Flash version
1 Geometric Optics - Class 5 Session 4 - NA and Depth of Field - SmartPhoneversion
Properties of Thick Lenses and Nodal Measurements
Galileoscope Assembly Instructions
J Chapter 5 Homework - Text exercises
Chapter 5 Lab Exercises
The screen shot shown in Figure 5 of the home web page for the Geometric Optics course shows just
the beginning of what the students and instructors see when they log into their On-Line course. The
Moodle Learning Management Systems or LMS provides a strong framework for learning for the
students and valuable and easy-to-use set of tools for course design and delivery for the instructor.
Tools within Moodle allow the instructor to design the course using a variety of student activities,
assignments and resources as mentioned above for the Geometric and Physical Optic courses and
discussed below for the Introductory and Advanced Lens design courses. Each of these activities or
resources has an easily recognizable icon so students quickly recognize what they are being asked to
do during each week of the course (see fig 7 below). Other features of the LMS system is its ability
to automatically grade multiple choice quizzes and accept (via a simple website upload) and track
assignments submitted by students. The system makes it easy for instructors to grade assignment and
quizzes and provide student feedback immediately. Readers who are interested in learning more
details about this “Moodle Shell” should contact the authors for a guest pass to one of our courses.
Recorded lectures are available for students to view either on their personal computers (PCs) or on
their SmartPhones. This provides the students the capability of reviewing their lectures while they
may be commuting or waiting around while traveling (airports, buses and trains.) In Figure 7
examples of the links to the Flash and SmartPhone recordings are shown. Also is an example of the
Hands-On Lab work assignment, some supplemental pdf files and the link to upload the weekly
homework and labwork assignments
Fig. 7. Screen shot from typical weekly section of main web page.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-7Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
Anchor Optics -a Division of Edmund Optics
Home o UC Irvine Geo Optics Lab Kits
The components for the UC Irvine Geometrics Optics Lab Course can be purchased as follows:
ß Edmundempties worldwide
ORDERCONFIRMATION
homeonline catalognew productsweb specials
Item Part No. Description Qty Unit Price Total Price1 20073 DEMO LENS SET 38MM GLASS - 6PCS 1 $7.50 $7.502 26095 OPTICAL BENCH SET WIO METER STICK 2 $14.95 $29.903 27362 6 PC DEMO LENS SET 75MM 1 $18.00 $18.004 27564 5 PACK OF ACRYLIC FILTERS 1 $5.50 $5.50
Item Part No. Description Qty Unit Price Total Price1 MIR -135 Mirascope 1 $7.95 $7.952 SM -3 Plastic Kaleidoscope Mirror (1.625' x 9") 3 $1.95 $5.853 PSM -100 Equilateral Prism - 25 x 75mm (Glass) 1 $6.95 $6.95
TOTAL $20.75 + tax & shipping
A special web page was set up on the web site of the Optical Society of Southern California (with
links from the official UC Irvine Extension on-line registration web page for this course) that details
the Hands-On Lab equipment that is required for this Geometric Optics course. This was done to
allow the instructor flexibility since he did not have access to the registration web page.
An example of a page of a student’s lab work report is shown in Figure 9. Here, an experimental set
up is shown where the student has a two (2) lens system set up on a low cost optics bench made up
of a wood meter stick and metal lens and screen holders. The USAF target (object) is illuminate
from behind and the image is evaluated on the screen. The numerical parameters are also shown on
this page by the student.
Fig. 8. Screen shot from OSSC web page with lab equipment requirements.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-8Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
Lab 5 System 1 EECS_X496.51 Geometrical Optics Rey Cabrera
System 1To find stop we image all apertures into object space
LENS 1
Lens 1 double convex has a focal length
f1 := 169 mm focal length
a 1 := 75 mm aperture
1
diameter of
Lens 2 (plano convex) is 23.125 away from lens 1 has focal lenght and diameter of:
f2: =170 mm focal length h:= 12 mm object height
af,:= 10.mm
aa1:= 2 mm
afe: =10mmmah:=3 .mm
A main point of this paper is to demonstrate the success of including this Hands-On Lab requirement
in an On-Line Distance Education course in Geometric Optics. Similar required experiments were
developed and implemented for the Physical Optics course using low cost diffraction gratings,
polarizers, light sources and detectors.
As mentioned earlier, weekly live WebEx Office Hours are used to provide student / instructor
interactions and those are also recorded for later review by the students as needed. Typically, each
week includes ~1.5 – 2 hours of recorded lectures and 1 – 1.5 hours of live WebEx Office Hours.
An example of a student viewing of a recorded WebEx Office hour is shown in Figure 10. The
instructor has the slide stack up on the screen as the students ask questions about the lecture. All of
the students can interact live on-line in this format, with each other and the instructor. Many times,
the instructor allows the students to answer each others’ questions in an on-line seminar format.
Fig. 9. Screen shot from student’s lab work report. Geometric Optics Course.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-9Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
I Network Recording Player - Geometrical Optics 2012 Spring 00191
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Several different on-line teaching methods were developed and implemented for the Introduction
and Advanced Lens Design courses. They included:
– Recorded Lectures including the use of a WebCam
– Weekly discussion forums with required (and graded) participation
– Supplemental On-Line materials
– Links to other websites
– Java applets
– Industry Standard Software tools
– Weekly WebEx Office / Lab Hour including the use of the WebCam
– Quizzes and Exams (some with automated grading for immediate feedback)
Fig. 10. Screen shot from recorded On-Line WebEx Office Hour. Geometric Optics Course.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-10Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
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Using industry standard optical design software to demonstrate lens design concepts and theory
discussed in an earlier section of the recorded lecture, the instructor uses the WebCam to draw by
hand the concept of the lens system, in this case how to design from a simple plane parallel plate
(PPP) to the complicated triplet in a minute with the industrial standard optical design software.
Fig. 11. Screen shot from recorded lecture from the Advanced Lens Design course showing
the concept of the Triplet design with the industry standard optical design software and the use
of the WebCam.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-11Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
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(a) Simple plane parallel plate (b) Triplet done in a minute by Zemax, final
optimization not done yet.
Fig. 12. Showing the triplet design can be done by one click with appropriate use of the default merit function of optical
design software with the conceptual explanations (a) plane parallel plate (PPP) (b) triplet done in a minute.
WebEx Office / Lab Hours are recorded each week Students can review these sessions on their own.
Fig. 13. Screen shot from UC Irvine Extension WebEx recorded sessions from the Advanced Lens
Design course showing recorded WebEx Office Hour sessions that the students can review.
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8481 848103-12Downloaded From: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie on 06 Sep 2020Terms of Use: https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/terms-of-use
6. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Since these programs began in 2009, we have made many advances in the teaching methods used.
As of this report we are working on:
• Adding more new instructors including two who have been involved professional optical
engineering training for many years.
• Continuing to offer more courses, including:
– Introduction to Lasers
– Introduction to Fiber Optics
– Optical Metrology & Interferometry
– Precision Positioning & Motion Control for Optical Systems
– Introduction to Vibration Control
• Bringing on the ground temporary lab equipment for specific courses to the UC Irvine
Extension Campus
• Adding on the ground lab facilities in cooperation with Irvine Valley College ATEP campus
and local optics businesses.
We also have an outline for a 1 week summer course at the UC Irvine Extension Campus that would
introduce potential students to these courses and the programs.
We are grateful to our students, our instructors, the UC Irvine Extension Staff and our Advisory
Committee who all continue to support these programs.
REFERENCES
[1] Silberman, D., Doushkina, V., "New optical engineering and instrument design programs at the
University of California, Irvine Extension", in Optics Education and Outreach, G. Groot Gregory,
Editors, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7783 (SPIE, Bellingham, WA 2010), 77830N.
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