New species and new records of foliicolous lichens from Thailand

The Lichenologist 39(1): 47–56 (2007) � 2007 British Lichen Societydoi:10.1017/S0024282906006104 Printed in the United Kingdom

New species and new records of foliicolous lichens from Thailand

Khwanruan PAPONG, Kansri BOONPRAGOB and Robert LU} CKING

Abstract: One new species and 71 new records are reported from Thailand. Coenogonium disciformesp. nov. is distinguished by its disc-shaped, shortly stipitate isidia, which leave perfectly circular holes,almost like punched holes, when detached.

Key words: foliicolous lichens, new records, new species, Thailand

Introduction

Foliicolous lichens were first mentioned byElias Fries in 1823, but it was Santesson(1952) who provided the first thoroughmonograph of this group, which today stillprovides a useful guide to the taxonomy offoliicolous lichens. Most of the more recentstudies on foliicolous lichens have beenundertaken in the Neotropics (Lücking,2007), while fewer data are available fromtropical Africa and SE Asia. The first pre-liminary survey from Thailand was pub-lished by Boonpragob et al. (1998) wholisted 34 foliicolous lichen species from a fewsites in Khao Yai National Park.

This study is based on numerous collec-tions of foliicolous lichens made by the firstauthor from 1999 to 2001 in Khao YaiNational Park. Most specimens were col-lected from understorey leaves where highhumidity and low light intensity prevail. Thestudy expands on the known taxonomy,diversity and distribution of foliicolouslichens in Thailand. It also provides infor-

mation for the conservation and sustain-able utilization of biodiversity resources inThailand.

MethodsKhao Yai National Park is situated between 14(11# and14(25#N latitude and between 101(22# and 101(27#Elongitude, with an elevation ranging from 750 to1351 m above sea level. The park covers 2·168 km2 infour provinces (Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, NakhonNayok and Prachinburi), and is located near Bangkok.

Foliicolous lichens were collected by the firstauthor in 1999 and 2000 from five forest types: tropicalrainforest, lower montane forest, dry evergreen forest,mixed deciduous forest, and secondary forest. All thespecimens are deposited at RAMK.

Morphological characters of thallus and reproductivestructures, colour, size, and shapes were determinedusing a low magnification stereomicroscope (Olympus,SZ) at magnifications of �14 to �80.

Hand-cut sections were prepared for studies of theanatomy of thalli and reproductive structures, includingperithecia, apothecia, campylidia and pycnidia andexamined with a light microscope (Olympus, CH) atmagnifications of �40 to �1000. Iodine (I) was usedfor the colour reactions of ascus walls (Lugol’s solution,iodine 0·25%). Calcium oxalate crystals were alsoobserved under the light microscope. All anatomicalmeasurements were made under the light microscope.Photographs were taken under the light microscope(Nikon, Optiphot) with a Nikon (FDX-35) camera.

The New Species

Coenogonium disciforme Papong,Boonbragob & Lücking sp. nov.

A Coenogonio isidiifero isidiis velut circino circumduc-tis differt.

K. Papong: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,Khamreung Campus, Mahasarakham University,Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham Province, 44150Thailand. Email: [email protected]. Boonpragob: Department of Biology, Faculty ofScience, Ramkhamhaeng University, Humak, Bang-kabi, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.R. Lücking: Department of Botany, The Field Mu-seum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois60605-2496, USA.

Typus: Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima Province,Pakchong District, trail of ‘‘Heo Su Wat’’ waterfall to‘‘Khao Laem’’ substation (Kho Yo 19), forest of ‘‘NongPrue’’, 14(26#N, 101(33#E, on unidentified leaf, alt.750 m, 16 August 2000, K. Papong RU-19006B(RAMK—holotypus).

(Fig. 1)

Thallus epiphyllous, crustose, smooth,lacinate, greyish green, 15–20 �m thick, pro-ducing numerous disc-shaped, shortlystalked isidia 0·1–0·2 mm diam., which leavevery regular round holes in the thallusafter detachment; photobiont a species ofTrentepohlia.

Ascomata not observed.

Distribution. Thailand (type locality).

Notes. This new species is closely relatedto the Neotropical Coenogonium isidiiferum(Lücking) Lücking. Both species producedisc-shaped isidia, a feature otherwise un-known in the genus, but in C. isidiiferum thethallus dissolves completely into somewhatirregular isidia which do not leave regularround holes on the surface as in C. disciforme.Coenogonium disciforme has an Eastern paleo-tropical distribution, and is also known fromQueensland in Australia (Lücking et al.,2001, as Coenogonium aff. isidiiferum).

New records of foliicolous lichens fromThailand

Arthonia cyanea Müll. Arg. var. cyanea

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon

F. 1. Coenogonium disciforme, thallus producing numerous disc-shaped and short stalked isidia (arrows) whichleave round holes after being detached. Scale=2 mm.

48 THE LICHENOLOGIST Vol. 39

Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19661C.

Arthonia lividula Vain.

Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen.—Distribution:eastern paleotropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Air Force camp, RU-13908D;Pong Khueang Bin, RU-13968B; Phra Tam Nak,RU-15369; Diao Dai, RU-20515F, RU-20522B.

Arthonia ramosii (Räsänen) R. Sant.

Habitat: dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—Distribution: eastern paleotropical.—Material examined:Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khang Khao, RU-14118B; Khao Khiao, RU-19080L; Pha Kra Chai,RU-17078D. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang, RU-20490B.

Arthonia trilocularis Müll. Arg.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-19074C; DiaoDai cliff, RU-15735. Nakhon Nayok Province: NangRong waterfall, RU-19675B. Prachin Buri Province: BuPhram Nai, RU-17636B.

Aulaxina microphana (Vain.) R. Sant.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: KhaoKhiao, RU-19080B.

Bacidia micrommata (Kremp.)R. Sant.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution: paleotropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-18327, RU-18325B; Dong Chang Phan, RU-16510A, RU-16513B; Khao Laem, RU-18975B; Khao Sam Yot,RU-19705B. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,RU-20535A.

Bacidina pallidocarnea (Müll. Arg.)Vezda

Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen.—Distribution:pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Khao Sam Yot, RU-19703A. SaraburiProvince: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20562D, RU-20565D.

Bulbothrix ventricosa (Hale & Korok.)Hale

Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:cosmopolitan.—Selected material examined: Nakhon

Ratchasima Province: Phra Tam Nak, RU-15365A, RU-15366A; TV lodge, RU-19056, RU-19057; Kong Kaeowaterfall, RU-15695, RU-15696; Nong Phak Chi, RU-15698, RU-15700; Khao Khiao, RU-15708; Mo SingTo reservoir, RU-19656, RU-19682.

Byssolecania hymenocarpa (Vain.)Lücking & Kalb

Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution: pan-tropical. Selected material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Khao Rom, RU-14036; Khao Khiao, RU-15350A, RU-15306A; Khao Laem, RU-18975C, RU-19023C.

Byssoloma annuum (Vain.) Thor,Lücking & Matsumoto

Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen.—Distribution:eastern paleotropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Mo Sing To, RU-21091A; Heo SuWat, RU-19026; Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19635,RU-19636A.

Byssoloma fadenii Vezda

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: MoSing To, RU-20477D. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kangwaterfall, RU-20552A.

Byssoloma gahavisukanum Sérus.

Habitat: montane.—Distribution: eastern paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: DiaoDai cliff, RU-15691.

Byssoloma guttiferae (Bat. & Peres)Lücking & Sérus.

Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: amphipacific.—Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng SalatDai waterfall, RU-16940B; Khao Sa Mo Pun, RU-17447; Dong Chang Phan, RU-16494C; Heo Su Watwaterfall, RU-19024B, RU-19030C; Khao Sam Yot,RU-19705C; RU-19740A. Prachin Buri Province:Kaeng Hin Phoeng, RU-17042; Bu Phram Nai, RU-17534A. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,RU-20498, RU-20521A, RU-20526C.

Byssoloma subdiscordans (Nyl.)P. James

Habitat: rainforest, montane, mixed deciduous.—Distribution: cosmopolitan.—Selected material examined:Nakhon Ratchasima Province: TV lodge, RU-15270,RU-19054B; Kong Kaeo waterfall, RU-15763C; KhaoKhiao, RU-15710, RU-15712; Dong Chang Phan,

2007 Foliicolous lichens from Thailand—Papong et al. 49

RU-16510C; Pha Krachai waterfall, RU-17382; HeoSu Wat waterfall, RU-18975D; Mo Sing To reservoir,RU-19634. Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17608, RU-17626.

Calenia depressa Müll. Arg.

Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Bu PhramNai, RU-17571B.

Calenia leptocarpa Vain.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: eastern paleo-tropical.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19020K.

Calenia thelotremella Vain.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: amphipacific.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: KhaoSam Yot, RU-19723C.

Calopadia puiggarii (Müll. Arg.) Vezda

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected ma-terial examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: PongKhueang Bin, RU-13977A, RU-13980A; Diao Daicliff, RU-15729A, RU-15734; Khao Laem, RU-18968A, RU-19038B; Mo Sing To reservoir,RU-19620A. Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai,RU-17551A.

Caprettia amazonensis Bat. & H. Maia

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material exam-ined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing To,RU-21116, RU-21085; Khao Khiao, RU-15297I, RU-19072C; Kong Kaeo waterfall, RU-21121; Pha Krachaiwaterfall, RU-17099B; Khao Laem, RU-19009F; MoSing To reservoir, RU-19656D, RU-19657B. PrachinBuri Province: Kaeng Hin Phoeng, RU-17000B; BuPhram Nai, RU-17590.

Chroodiscus australiensis Vezda &Lumbsch

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Mo Sing To, RU-21093; KhaoKhiao, RU-15333D, RU-18304B; Pha Krachai water-fall, RU-17058B; Khao Laem, RU-19009F.

Chroodiscus parvisporus Kalb &Lücking

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen,secondary.—Distribution: eastern paleotropical.—

Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Prov-ince, Air Force camp, RU-13908C; old golf coursearea, RU-16409; Khao Rom, RU-14075B, RU-14043C; Khao Khiao, RU-15317B, RU-15305A; PhaKrachai waterfall, RU-17084, RU-17070A; Pha KluaiMai waterfall, RU-17700A; Khao Laem, RU-19027A;Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19622B; Khao Sam Yot,RU-19723B. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,RU-20492E, RU-20494A.

Coenogonium dilucidum (Kremp.)Kalb & Lücking

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Bu PhramNai, RU-17506, RU-17537.

Coenogonium flavicans (Vezda &Farkas) Kalb & Lücking

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: MoSing To reservoir, RU-19624. Saraburi Province:Khlong Tham Tao waterfall, RU-19209A.

Coenogonium interplexum Nyl.

Habitat: dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Khao Luk Chang, RU-14123;Khao Laem, RU-19038.

Dirinaria cf. picta (Sw.) Clements &Shear

Habitat: dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19660B. Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17665. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,RU-20517A.

Echinoplaca tetrapla (Zahlbr.) Lücking

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: Australiaand China.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Khao Laem, RU-19036C.

Enterographa angustissima (Vain.) R.Sant.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: amphipacific.—Material examined: Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kangwaterfall, RU-20793B.

Fellhanera bouteillei (Desm.) Vezda

Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—Distribution: cosmopolitan.—Selected material examined:


Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Pha Krachai waterfall,RU-17375. Prachin Buri Province: Lam Pra Ya Than,RU-17492C, RU-17494D; Bu Phram Nai, RU-17564B, RU-17564C. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kangwaterfall, RU-20481.

Fellhanera mastothallina (Vain.)Lücking & Sérus.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen,secondary.—Distribution: eastern paleotropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province,Nong Khing, RU-13951B; Mo Sing To, RU-20477B;Khao Khiao, RU-15321F, RU-19067A; Khao Laem,RU-19024A, RU-19024C; Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19628, RU-19621B; Training centre of Khao Yai,RU-21117.

Fellhanera rhapidophylli (Rehm)Vezda

Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pan-tropical.—Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: BuPhram Nai, RU-17566A.

Graphis cf. ceylanica Zahlbr.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: Asia tropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: TVlodge, RU-19054C.

Gyalectidium novoguineense Sérus.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: easternpaleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19660G. SaraburiProvince: Klang Dong, RU-20486E.

Lasioloma phycophilum (Vain.)R. Sant.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: KhaoLaem, RU-19020A.

Leptogium cyanescens (Rabenh.)Körb.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: cosmopolitan.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: PhaKluai Mai waterfall, RU-21123.

Mazosia dispersa (J. Hedrick) R. Sant.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: KhaoLaem, RU-19012F.

Mazosia paupercula (Müll. Arg.)R. Sant.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kangwaterfall, RU-20551.

Mazosia phyllosema (Nyl.) Zahlbr.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected ma-terial examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo SingTo, RU-14085A, RU-20477A; Khao Khiao, RU-15309C, RU-19080I; Khao Laem, RU-19020L, RU-19027C; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19707B, RU-19739A.Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17509.Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20491,RU-20494C.

Mazosia pseudobambusae Kalb &Vezda

Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:amphipacific.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Khao Khiao, RU-19080J; Khao Laem, RU-19026E.

Mazosia rotula (Mont.) A. Massal.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province, Mo Sing To, RU-14080; KhaoKhiao, RU-15309D; Khao Laem, RU-19031B, RU-19032B; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19707A, RU-19710A.

Opegrapha vegae R. Sant.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution: amphipacific.—Selected material examined:Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-15232A; Kong Kaeo waterfall, RU-15694; Pha KraChai waterfall, RU-17084A, RU-17061; Khao SamYot, RU-19725D. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kangwaterfall, RU-20508, RU-20506A.

Opegrapha velata (Müll. Arg.)R. Sant.

Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:amphipacific.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Diao Dai cliff, RU-15694; Khao Sam Yot,RU-19726A.

Porina atriceps (Vain.) Vain.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected ma-terial examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing


To, RU-14085C; Khao Khiao, RU-15329A, RU-15330E; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19711B, RU-19714B.Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng Salat Dai waterfall, RU-16958, RU-16940A; Khao Sa Mo Pun, RU-17396A;Kaeng Hin Phoeng, RU-16988, RU-17000A; BuPhram Nai, RU-17523, RU-17524. Nakhon NayokProvince: Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16972. SaraburiProvince: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20515A, RU-20515E.

Porina atrocoerulea Müll. Arg.

Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Khao Khiao, RU-15337A. Prachin BuriProvince: Bu Phram Nai, RU-18396C.

Porina cupreola (Müll. Arg.) Schill.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: easternpaleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Khao Sam Yot, RU-19703B.

Porina fulvella Müll. Arg.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen andmixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selectedmaterial examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: KhaoKhiao, RU-19060B, RU-18334A, RU-18346A.Saraburi Province: Chet Khlot waterfall, RU-19245B;Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20509F, RU-20545B.

Porina hoehneliana (Jaap) R. Sant.

Habitat: montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous.—Distribution: Europe and Nepal.—Selectedmaterial examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: KhaoKhiao, RU-15337D, RU-19080A; Khao Laem, RU-19026C. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,RU-20521D.

Porina kamerunesis F. Schill.

Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: paleotropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Nayok Province:Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16975B. Saraburi Province:Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20489B, RU-20501C.

Porina karnatakensis Makhija,Adawdkar & Patwardhan.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous, secondary.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province:Nong Khing, RU-13948A, RU-13949A; PongKhueang Bin, RU-13975; Khao Khiao, RU-15337B,RU-15315A; Youth camp, RU-16475B; Pha Kluai Maiwaterfall, RU-17700A; Khao Laem, RU-19012A, RU-

19021A. Nakhon Nayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall,RU-16973. Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng Hin Phoeng,RU-16990 , RU-17008; Lam Pra Ya Than, RU-17471B; Bu Phram Nai, RU-17530; Khao Sa Mo Pun,RU-17384B, RU-17396B. Saraburi Province: ChetKhlot, RU-19266, RU-19255C; Heo Pla Kang water-fall, RU-20533C, RU-20544B.

Porina minutissima Henssen, Lücking& Vezda

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous.—Distribution: eastern Paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: PhaKra Chai waterfall, RU-17070D; Pha Kluai Mai water-fall, RU-17700E; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19704B, RU-19717B. Nakhon Nayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall,RU-16968B. Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng Salat Daiwaterfall, RU-16943; Bu Phram Nai, RU-17562, RU-17547C. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,RU-20490B, RU-20512A.

Porina nitidula Müll. Arg.

Habitat: montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected ma-terial examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Diao Daicliff, RU-15692, RU-15724C; Khao Khiao, RU-16447B, RU-16448B; Khao Laem, RU-18971B; MoSing To reservoir, RU-19689C, RU-19673C. NakhonNayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16971C;Huay Prue reservoir, RU-19282. Prachin Buri Province:Bu Phram Nai, RU-17594, RU-17547B. SaraburiProvince: Lam Ta Khong creek, RU-16443B; Heo PlaKang waterfall, RU-20482B, RU-20544C; Chet Khlotwaterfall, RU-19207B, RU-19207C.

Porina palmicola Malcolm & Vezda

Habitat: rainforest, montane and dry evergreen.—Distribution: New Zealand.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Pong Khueang Bin, RU-13968A;Nong Phak Chi, RU-15703C; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19704A, RU-19727A.

Porina perminuta Vain.

Habitat: rainforest, montane and dry evergreen.—Distribution: paleotropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Pha Kra Chai waterfall, RU-17099A; Khao Khiao, RU-18367B, RU-18404B; HeoSu Wat waterfall, RU-19012E, RU-19035D; Mo SingTo reservoir, RU-16969B; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19210A, RU-19245C.

Porina rubentior (Stirt.) Müll. Arg.

Habitat: rainforest and dry evergreen.—Distribution:pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima


Province: Mo Sing To, RU-19618A. Prachin BuriProvince: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17529.

Porina sphaerocephala Vain.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixeddeciduous and secondary.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province:Mo Sing To, RU-19691C; Khao Khiao, RU-15301E,RU-15351D; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19712A. SaraburiProvince: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20496B, RU-20535C; Chet Khlot waterfall, RU-19255D.

Porina subnucula Lumbsch, Lücking &Vezda

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: easternPaleotropics.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19020E, RU-19040D; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19713D.

Porina subrubrosphaera Kurok.

Habitat: rainforest and montane.—Distribution:tropical Asia (Japan).—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-18334B.

Porina tetramera (Malme) R. Sant.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen andmixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Materialexamined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Heo Su Watwaterfall, RU-19038F; Khao Khiao, RU-19085C.

Porina trichothelioides R. Sant.

Habitat: dry evergreen and mixed deciduous.—Distribution: paleotropical.—Material examined: NakhonNayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16968A.Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20527C.

Sporopodium argillaceum (Müll. Arg.)Zahlbr.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen andsecondary.—Distribution: eastern paleotropics.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province:old golf course area, RU-14026A; Mo Sing To, RU-19718, RU-19719A; Khao Khiao, RU-19073, RU-18381A; Nong Phak Chi, RU-15703A, RU-18317;Dong Chang Phan, RU-16492A, RU-16496A; Heo SuWat waterfall, RU-19007B, RU-19018A; Mo Sing Toreservoir, RU-19622, RU-19642; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19711A. Saraburi Province: Chet Khlot waterfall, RU-19255A; Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20516A, RU-20532A.

Sporopodium phyllocharis (Mont.)A. Massal.

Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen andmixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selectedmaterial examined: Prachin Buri Province: Tha RaWa San waterfall, RU-13959, RU-13960. NakhonRatchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-18307, RU-18312; Pha Kra Chai waterfall, RU-17072; Heo SuWat waterfall, RU-19019. Saraburi Province: Heo PlaKang waterfall, RU-20486D.

Strigula concreta (Fée) R. Sant.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kangwaterfall, RU-20793A.

Strigula nitidula Mont.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: HeoSu Wat waterfall, RU-19038E. Saraburi Province: HeoPla Kang waterfall, RU-20788C, RU-20789B.

Strigula obducta (Müll. Arg.)R. C. Harris

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province, HeoSu Wat waterfall, RU-19020J, RU-19040G.

Strigula phyllogena (Müll. Arg.)R. C. Harris

Habitat: rainforest and dry evergreen.—Distribution:pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19009E; Mo SingTo reservoir, RU-19625C.

Strigula subtilissima (Fée) Müll. Arg.

Habitat: montane and mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: NakhonRatchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-14070. PrachinBuri Province: Lam Pra Ya Than, RU-17494A.

Tapellaria nigrata (Müll. Arg.)R. Sant.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: DongTio lodge, RU-19616E.

Tricharia demoulinii Sérus.

Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: easternPaleotropics.—Material examined: Prachin BuriProvince: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17534B.


Trichothelium ake-assii Becker &Lücking

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: HeoSu Wat waterfall, RU-19038G.

Trichothelium alboatrum Vain.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: HeoSu Wat waterfall, RU-18968D, RU-19037.

Trichothelium bipindense F. Schill.

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Prachin Buri Province, Wan Lueang,RU-19109B.

Trichothelium javanicum (F. Schill.)Vezda

Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: easternPaleotropics.—Material examined: Nakhon RatchasimaProvince: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19020H.

Ecogeography

This study on the taxonomy and distributionof foliicolous lichens at Khao Yai NationalPark, Thailand, describes one new speciesand lists 71 new records for Thailand. Mostspecies have a pantropical distribution(57%) with a further 26% with a paleotropi-cal distribution. The smallest distributiongroups are amphipacific (6%) and cosmo-politan (6%), tropical Asia (4%) and Europe(1%). The European element is Porina

T 1. Number of species of foliicolous lichens in eachforest type at Khao Yai National Park

Forest type Number of species

Rainforest 39Montane 32Dry evergreen 51Mixed deciduous 24Secondary 5

T 2. Number of foliicolous lichen species in floras of tropical Asia

CountryNumber of

foliicolous species References

China 63 Hawksworth 1972; Santesson 1952; Aptroot et al. 2003India 90 Santesson 1952; Singh 1961, 1969, 1970, 1973, 1978; Sethy &

Patwardhan 1987; Awasthi & Singh 1973; Vezda 1994; Lücking &Sérusiaux 1996; Lücking & Vezda 1998

Indonesia 120 Santesson 1952; Vezda 1994; Lücking & Vezda 1998; Kalb et al.2000; Lücking et al. 2001

Japan 83 Santesson 1952; Thor et al. 2000Malaysia 120 Santesson 1952; Sammy 1980; Sipman 1993; Lücking 1994;

Lücking & Vezda 1998; Sérusiaux 1997Nepal 8 Santesson 1952; Vezda & Poelt 1987Papua New Guinea 191 Santesson 1952; Vezda 1979; Vezda & Poelt 1991; Aptroot &

Sipman 1991, 1993; Sérusiaux 1986, 1992, 1997; Vezda 1994;Aptroot et al. 1995; Lücking 1995; Lücking & Sérusiaux 1996;Lücking & Vezda 1998; Sérusiaux & Aptroot 1998; Kalb et al.2000; Thor et al. 2000; Lücking et al. 2000, 2001

Philippines 224 Santesson 1952; Aptroot & Sipman 1989; Vezda & Poelt 1991;Sérusiaux 1992; Lücking 1998; Lücking & Vezda 1998; Lücking1999; Kalb et al. 2000; Thor et al. 2000; Lücking et al. 2001

Sri Lanka 53 Santesson 1952; Vezda, Brunnbauer & Breuss 1997Thailand 106 Boonpragob et al. 1998; present study.Vietnam 70 Santesson 1952; Vezda 1977, 1986; Vezda & Poelt 1991; Lücking

& Vezda 1998; Thor et al. 2000


hoehneliana, a species previously known onlyfrom Europe and Nepal (Vezda & Poelt1988), but the Asian material is a goodmatch to the type material.

The numbers of foliicolous lichensrecorded from each of the different foresttypes at Khao Yai National Park are listed inTable 1. Most species (51) occurred in thedry evergreen forest and the lowest number(5) in the secondary forest. Only two species,Porina karnatakensis and P. sphaerocephala,were found in all forest types. The differ-ences in diversity of foliicolous lichens in thedifferent forest types could be used as abioindicator of forest type.

The present study increases the number ofspecies of foliicolous lichens known fromThailand to 106. The comparable totalsfrom elsewhere in tropical Asia are listed inTable 2.

We thank a number of colleagues in the LichenResearch Unit for their assistance with fieldwork andin the laboratory. The first author is grateful to theDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkham-haeng University, for laboratory facilities and to KhaoYai National Park for allowing fieldwork and thecollection of specimens.

R

Aptroot, A. & Sipman, H. J. M. (1989) New recordsfrom the Philippines. Acta Bryolichenologica Asiatica1(1,2): 31–41.

Aptroot, A. & Sipman, H. J. M. (1991) New lichensand lichen records from New Guinea. Willdenowia20: 221–256.

Aptroot, A. & Sipman, H. J. M. (1993) Musaespora, agenus of Pyrenocarpous lichens with campylidiaand other additions to the foliicolous lichens floraof New Guinea. Lichenologist 25: 121–135.

Aptroot, A., Diederich, P., Sérusiaux, E. & Sipman, H.J. M. (1995) Lichens and lichenicolous fungiof Laing Island (Papua New Guinea) BibliothecaLichenologica 57: 19–48.

Aptroot, A., Ferraro, L. I., Lai, M.-J., Sipman, H. J. M.& Sparrius, L. B. (2003) Foliicolous lichens andtheir lichenicolous Ascomycetes from Yunnan andTaiwan. Mycotaxon 88: 41–47.

Awasthi, D. D. & Singh K. P. (1973) A synopsis of thefoliicolous lichens from the Nilgiri and Palni Hills,India. Geophytology 3: 13–25.

Boonpragob, K., Homchantara, N., Coppins, B. J.,McCarthy, P. M. & Wolseley, P. A. (1998) Anintroduction to the lichen flora of Khao YaiNational Park, Thailand. Botanical Journal ofScotland 50: 209–220.

Hawksworth, D. L. (1972) A new species of TrichariaFée em. R. Sant. from Hong Kong. Lichenologist 5:321–322.

Kalb, K., Lücking, R. & Sérusiaux, E. (2000) Studiesin Bacidia sensu lato (Lichenized ascomycetes:Lecanorales) I. The genus Bapalmuia. Mycotaxon75: 281–309.

Lücking, R. (1994) A new foliicolous species ofMicrotheliopsis (Lichens, Microtheliopsidaceae)from Costa Rica. Mycotaxon 51: 69–73.

Lücking, R. (1995) Lista preliminar de Iquenes foliico-las de las principales areas protegidas de CostaRica. Preliminary checklist of foliicolous lichens ofthe pricipal areas of Costa Rica. Brenesia. 43–44:39–46.

Lücking, R. (1998) Foliicolous lichens and theirlichenicolous fungi collected during theSmithsonian International Cryptogamic Expedi-tion to Guyana 1996. Tropical Bryology 15: 45–76.

Lücking, R. (1999) Addition and corrections to thefoliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica. The familyGyalectaceae. Lichenologist 31: 359–374.

Lücking, R. (2007) Foliicolous lichenized fungi. FloraNeotropica monograph (in press).

Lücking, R. & Sérusiaux, E. (1996) Musaespora kalbii(lichenized Ascomycetes: Melanommatales), a newfoliicolous lichen with a pantropical distribution.Nordic Journal of Botany 16: 661–668.

Lücking, R. & Vezda, A. (1998) Taxonomic studies infoliicolous species of the genus Porina (LichenizedAscomycetes: Trichotheliaceae)—II. The Porinaepiphylla group. Willdenowia 28: 181–225.

Lücking, R., Farkas, E., Sérusiaux, E. & Sipman, H. J.M. (2000) Checklist of foliicolous lichens and theirlichenicolous fungi part I: Foliicolous lichens[http://www.unibayreuth.de/Deparments/planta2/research/liche ns/checkfun.html]

Lücking, R., Cáceres, M. E. S., Kalb, K. & Sérusiaux,E. (2001) Studies in Bacidia sensu lato (lichenizedAscomycites: Lecanorales). II. Six new combina-tions in Fellhanera Vezda. Lichenologist 33: 189–194.

Sammy, N. (1980) Lichens from Gunong MuluNational Park Sarawak, East Malaysia part 2.Foliicolous Lichens. The Malayan Nature Journal34: 65–72.

Santesson, R. (1952) Foliicolous lichens I. A revision ofthe taxonomy of the obligately foliicolous, lichen-ized fungi. Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses 12(1):1–590.

Sérusiaux, E. (1986) The nature and origin of cam-pylidia in lichenized fungi. Lichenologist 18:1–35.

Sérusiaux, E. (1992) Reinstatement of the lichenizedgenus Eremothecella Sydow. Systema Ascomycetum11: 40–47.

Sérusiaux, E. (1997) Sporopodiopsis, a new genus oflichens (Ectolechiaceae) from S-E Asia. AbstractaBotanica 21: 145–152.

Sérusiaux, E. & Aptroot, A. (1998) A further newspecies of Monoblastia (Lichenized ascomycetes:Monoblastiaceae) from Papua New Guinea. NovaHedwigia 67(1–2): 259–265.


Sethy, P. K. & Patwardhan P. G. (1987). Some folii-colous lichens from the Nicobar and AndamanIsland, India. Biovigyanam 13: 52–59.

Singh, A. (1961) On foliicolous species of Porina fromAndaman Islands, India. In National BotanicGardens, Lucknow: 973–982.

Singh, A. (1969) On some foliicolous lichens fromAndamans. Plant Science 1: 97–100.

Singh, A. (1970) Some foliicolous members ofGraphidaceae and Thelotremataceae fromAndaman Island. Plant Science 2: 80–82.

Singh, A. (1973) Some foliicolous members ofLecideaceae new to Andaman Islands, India.Bryologica et Lichenologica 39: 479–487.

Singh, A. (1978) Three foliicolous lichen speciesfrom Andaman Islands, new to Indian flora. NewBotanist 4: 11–14.

Thor, G., Lücking, R. & Matsumoto, T. (2000) Thefoliicolous lichens of Japan. Symbolae BotanicaeUpsalienses 32(3): 1–72.

Vezda, A. (1977) Beitrag zur Kenntnis foliikolerFlechten Vietnams. Casopis Slezského MuzeaOpave, ser, A. 26: 22–33.

Vezda, A. (1979) Flechtensystematische Studien XI.Beitraage zur Kenntnis der Familie Astero-thyriaceae (Discolichenes). Folia GeobotanicaPhytotaxonomica, Praha 14: 43–94.

Vezda, A. (1986) Neue Gattungen der familieLecideaceae s. lat. (Lichenes) Folia geobotanica etphytotaxonomica, Praha 21: 199–219.

Vezda, A. (1994) Neue foliicole Flechten II. NovaHedwigia 58: 123–143.

Vezda, A. & Poelt, J. (1987) Foliicole flechten ausZaire (III) Die Gattung Byssoloma Trevisan. Foliageobotanica et phytotaxonomica 22: 71–83.

Vezda, A. & Poelt, J. (1988) Beitrage zur Kenntnisder Flechtenflora des Himalaya. I. Einige neueoder bemerkenswerte gyalectoide und foliicoleFlechten. Nova Hedwigia 47: 415–427.

Vezda, A. & Poelt, J. (1991) Die FlechtengattungGyalidea Lett. ex Vezda (Solorinellaceae). EineU} bersicht mit Bestimmungsschlüssel. NovaHedwigia 53: 99–113.

Vezda, A., Brunnbauer, W. & Breuss, O. (1997)Foliicole Flechten aus Sri Lanka. Annalen desNaturhistorischen Museum in Wien 99B: 737–742.

Accepted for publication 17 July 2006


New species and new records of foliicolous lichens from Thailand

Documents