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w h i t e p a p e r
a New SerViCe-aNew SerViCe-Ori-
eNteD arChiteC-tUre (SOa) MatU-
>
Progress Sonic
SaaS ar-
ChiteCtUre
>a New SerViCe-OrieNteDarChiteCtUre (SOa)MatUritY MODeL
>
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tabLe Of CONteNtS
fod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.0 inoducon nd Movon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.0 w s SOa (Svc-Ond accu)? . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.0 t SOa Muy Modl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 SOA Maturity Level 1 Initial Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
3.2 SOA Maturity Level 2 Architectural Services . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
3.3 SOA Maturity Level 3 Business and Colaborative Services . . . . . .15
3.4 SOA Maturity Level 4 Measured Business Services . . . . . . . . .19
3.5 SOA Maturity Level 5 Optimized Business Services. . . . . . . . . .21
4.0 Concluson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
andx: Ky Conuos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
To encourage the widespread adoption o the New SOA Maturity Model, you are authorized to copy,
distribute and use (including make derivative works based upon) the SOA Materials or the benet o
you or your company subject to the restrictions set orth herein.
SOA Material(s) means all images, icons, templates, white papers and other materials urnished in
connection with the New SOA Maturity Model, including related text and captions.
You will not remove any copyright or other proprietary rights notices contained in the SOA Materials or
in any related materials provided to you.
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1
fOrewarD
This whitepaper and the model it presents were created to better
enable organizations in their quest or business agility through service-
oriented architecture (SOA). The SOA Maturity Model outlined in this paperwas specically developed to oer guidance to managers who may be
struggling to communicate the business value o their SOA vision and to be
able to benchmark SOA adoption within their organization.
We look orward to receiving eedback and commentary on
this model, as we will continue to expand its content and share SOA
successes. Enjoy!
1.0 iNtrODUCtiON aND MOtiVatiON
In an environment where the strategic value o IT is questioned1, and
the pressure is on or every IT and sotware development organization to cut
costs, even the discussion o the strategic business value o technology can
get lost. Much attention has been devoted to methods o reducing costs such
as outsourcing and oshoring, but less attention has been ocused on the
business enablement value o new technology.
The goal o this paper is to show how a new approach to designingand deploying inormation technology, specically service-oriented
architecture (SOA), can orm the basis or the technology and business
organizations to work in concert or the improvement o business
perormance along several dimensions including cost reduction and
streamlining the implementation o new business models. More specically,
this paper provides:
A ramework or discussion that enables an organization to>
understand what the path toward adopting a SOA should be
An explanation o the business benets o successul migration>
towards SOA, divided into multiple levels o maturity o SOA
implementation
1Carr, Nicholas G., Does IT Matter?, Harvard Business School Press, 2004.
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A meaningul vocabulary and context around which an organization>
may seek alignment between IT and the business
The basis upon which an organization may build a roadmap towards>
true business agility through successul adoption o SOA
SOA is an approach to designing, implementing, and deploying
inormation systems such that the system is created rom components
implementing discrete business unctions. These components, called
services, can be distributed across geography, across enterprises, and
can be recongured into new business processes as needed.
All claims or new technology are subject to skepticism, so what
makes SOA dierent rom other approaches o the past? The key actors are:
SOA is built on the standards o the World Wide Web, leading to>
cost-eective implementations on a global basis with broad support
by vendors.
Services are loosely coupled, allowing or much more fexibility>
than older technologies with respect to re-using and re-combining
the services to create new business unctions both within and
across enterprises.
SOA best practices create designs that embody business processes>and enhance the ability to outsource and extend processes to
business partners.
SOA encompasses legacy (i.e., existing) systems and processes so>
that the useulness o existing investments can be preserved and
even increased.
This combination o actors makes SOA an approach that provides
a winning strategy or all stakeholders as:
The nance organization sees cost-eectiveness.>
The business organization sees enhanced and expanding business>
models (as shown later in examples).
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The IT organization sees success in supporting its customers, meeting>
service goals, and having the fexibility to respond to uture demands
through increased agility.
Corporate governance sees improved alignment o IT and business.>
As companies look to the challenge o guring out how to obtain the
benets o SOA, how to justiy the required investments, where to begin,
and what vision to aim or, guidance is required. The solution presented in
this paper is the introduction o a SOA Maturity Model (SOA MM) to show
the increasingly positive impact that SOA adoption can have rom a business
perspective. The SOA MM derives rom three key inspirations:
The successes o the Capability Maturity Model>
(CMM) and newer
CMM Integration (CMMISM)2 rom the Sotware Engineering Institute
(SEI) in providing a common ramework or dening and assessing
process improvement in sotware and other engineering endeavors
Papers such as those by Randy Hener o Forrester Research>3
,
showing the various successul paths taken by companies
introducing SOA.
The success o our customers in the deployment o SOA projects.>
By putting SOA into a ramework similar to the Capability Maturity
Model
, we can show the goals, characteristics, and prerequisites to SOAs
business impact progressing through levels as ollows:
NewFunctionality
Cost ReductionBusiness
ResponsivenessBusiness
TransormationBusiness
Optimization
The SOA MM includes goals, characterization o the scope and
business benets o each level, the important industry standards, key
practices, and critical success actors, both technological and organizational.The SOA MM thus provides guidance to set SOA vision and a benchmark to
measure progress.
2Sotware Engineering Institute, Capability Maturity Model Integration, http://www.sei.cmu.edu/cmmi.
3Hener, Randy, Your Paths to Service-Oriented Architecture, Forrester Research, Dec. 2004.
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Forrester Research has ound that companies approach SOA through
dierent paths, each with dierent business benets, skills, and technology
inrastructure requirements. For some companies a ocus on internal
integration and workfow is most important, while or others a ocus on
partner integration is most important. As companies pursue the specic pathsappropriate to their needs, they can correlate their paths with the maturity
model to see the organizational needs, technology needs, and goals as they
move up the levels o SOA maturity.
2.0 what iS SOa (SerViCe-OrieNteD
arChiteCtUre)?
SOA is an evolution o distributed computing designed to allow the
interaction o sotware components, called service, across a network.
Applications are created rom a composition o these servicesand
importantly, the services can be shared among multiple applications.
For example, a Human Resources management application could be
created rom the ollowing services:
An Employee Administration Service to manage hiring, changes in>
status, and termination
A Salary and Review Administration Service to manage salaries and>
employee perormance reviews according to corporate standards
A Benets Administration Service to initiate and terminate benets,>
and to process the annual enrollments
An IT Security and Provisioning Service to manage the addition and>
removal o access rights or employees according to their role and
employee status
A Payroll Service provided securely over the Internet by an>outside provider
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An HR Department Portal Service providing a Web browser-based>
user interace or members o the HR department presenting the
unctions o the above services
A Business Process Management Service to manage the approval>
and notication processes
With SOA, organizations can achieve greater reuse o existing assets
and can respond aster to change requests. These benets are attributed to
several critical elements o SOA:
The seres reet logal bsness attes.> Each service
typically perorms multiple operations or a specic business
unction such as a Payroll Service providing operations including
issue checks, issue W2s, and provide payroll period report.
Importantly, these services, oten reerred to as course-grained,
refect business process concepts, not the capabilities or ne-
grained APIs dened by traditional packaged sotware applications.
Ne seres an be added or reated b omposng>
exstng seres thot mpatng the exstng sere
mplementatons4
. So, in the example above, an Employee Sel-
Service component could be added making use o the existing
services, ltering data and operations to those appropriate or the
sel-service users. This allows or an incremental deployment
approach in implementing services.
The seres an be on heterogeneos sstems aross>
netorks and geograph, prodng platorm ndependene
and loaton transparen. There is no need or each service to
be implemented using the same sotware or hardware technology
nor to be on the same network or in the same location. The Salary
and Review Administration Service could be implemented in a
COBOL environment on a Linux/mainrame server in one locale
while the IT Security and Provisioning Service could be implemented
in a Microsot .NET environment on a Windows server in a
dierent locale.
4Care must be taken with respect to security and service-level agreements (SLA) when adding new consumers to existing services
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The seres ommnate b standard protools prodng>
broad nteroperablt. Most commonly, especially or connecting
heterogeneous systems, these are protocols based on World Wide
Web standards. Web services are the implementations o services
using these standards. Amazon and eBay are high-prole examples ocorporations that have made their core applications accessible over
the Internet as Web services.
Lega applaton sstems an be ntegrated as a sere>
leeragng exstng nestments. SOA technology provides
mechanisms to ront-end (or wrap) existing systems behind a
services interace with no changes to the existing system. In addition
traditional ERP vendors are quickly exposing their applications
unctionality as Web services.
Seres hae an nterae and are message-orented.> The
unctionality provided by services is dened by metadata describing
the interace to the service and its operations. Inormation is
transmitted to and rom services as messages. The ocus in the
denition o the interace and messages is in what a service does
rather than how. The how is internal to the implementation o the
service. SOA applications are usually designed to be event-driven,
responding to the messages as they arrive.
An implementation o SOA relies on skills, methods, and a SOA
inrastructure to support the SOA application in a reliable, scalable, and
secure manner. Some o the basic elements o this new approach include:
Analss, desgn, and mplementaton methodologes> to guide
project managers, developers, and IT operations personnel in the
rapid design, assembly, and reuse o SOA components
Modelng, onfgraton, testng and deploment> tools to
speciy and create the services and then dene business processes
which orchestrate those lower level services into coarse grained
business services
5Chappell, David, Enterprise Service Bus, OReilly, 2004
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Enterprse sere bs> (ESB)5
to provide reliable, scalable,
distributed communications and data transormations between
services as well as providing adapters to legacy technology and
various vendor implementations
Seres and pol regstr and repostor> to provide a common
place to organize, understand, and manage SOA inormation including
a catalog o available services, their interace denitions, and policies
governing the use o services
Prosonng and nrastrtre management> Tools to provide
Business Process Visibility (BPV) across a widely distributed
SOA inrastructure
Rntme goernane> to dene and control security and business
policies and enorce regulatory compliance across tiers o sotware
in a way which refects the underlying business processes
3.0 the SOa MatUritY MODeL
The introduction o SOA can provide a ocus or the technology and
business organization in a company to meet common goals o the enterprise.
A SOA Maturity Model can provide goals and guidance on how SOA can have
an increasingly positive impact on the enterprise.
Figure 1 shows the ve levels o SOA Maturity along with the key
business impact progressing rom least to most mature as ollows: Initial
Services, Architected Services, Business Services and Collaborative
Services (two dierent ocuses at level 3), Measured Business Services,
and Optimized Business Services. Also shown or reerence are the
corresponding CMMISM
levels6
.
6In very short summary: CMMISM Perormed means that needed unctions are perormed, CMMISM Defned means that standard
processes are defned, CMMISM Managed means that the standard processes are implemented and managed, CMMISM
Quantitatively Managed means that the results o the processes are measured against goals, CMMISM Optimizing means that
there is a continuous improvement process implemented based on the measurements.
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8
5
43 a b2
OptimizedBusinessServices
CMMISM
OptimizingOptimization
Transformation
Responsiveness
Cost Effectiveness
Functionality
CMMISM
Quantitatively
Managed
CMMISM
Defined
CMMISM
Managed
Measured BusinessServices
Architected Services
Initial Services
BusinessServices
CollaborativeServices
1CMMISMPerformed
Table 1 shows the key attributes o each maturity level including
business impact, scope, critical success actors, and relevant standards.
Consistent with the approach taken by the SEI or the Capability Maturity
Model
, Key Goals and Practices or each SOA maturity level are specied
in Table 2. Attainment o these goals and the implementation o these
practices are the measures as to whether a maturity level has been attained.
Each maturity level has as a prerequisite the goals and practices o the
lower levels.
It will oten be the case that particular goals will be achieved,practices implemented, and technologies used at levels lower than those
shown in Tables 1 and 2. This is to be expected and encouraged according
to the priorities o the enterprise.
Subsequent sections will examine each o the SOA maturity levels.
Figure 1
Service-Oriented Architecture
Maturity Model Levels with
Key Business Impact
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tabLe 1: SOa MatUrit Y MODeL
Maturity Level Prime BusinessBenefts
Scope Critical TechnologySuccess Factors
Critical People& OrganizationalSuccess Factors
SelectedRelevantStandards
1. Initial Services New unctionality R&D experimentation,Pilot projects, Website, Portal, Customintegrations, Smallnumber o services
Standards, LegacyIntegration
Developers learnservice developmentskills
Developer ManagerSponsorship
XML, XSLT,WSDL, SOAP,J2EE, .NET
2. ArchitectedServices
IT cost reductionand control
Multiple integratedapplications
Support or heterogeneityand distributed systems,Reliable Messaging,Mediation, Ease odeployment, Databaseintegration, Versioning,Internal Security,
Perormance management
Architecture groupprovides leadership,SOA CompentencyCenter
CIO Sponsorship
UDDI, WS-ReliableMessaging,WS-Policy,WS-Addressing,XQuery, Security,SAML
3.a. BusinessServices
Businessresponsivenesschange businessprocesses quicklyand eectively
Business processesacross business unit orenterprise
Reuse, Ease o modication,Availability, Businessprocess rules, Event-drivenprocesses, Compositeapplications
IT Partnershipwith BusinessPartnership acrossOrganizations,SOA Lie-cycleGovernance,Executivecommitment, Event-driven design skills
Business UnitManagerSponsorship
WS-BPEL
3.b. CollaborativeServices
Businessresponsivenesscollaboration withbusiness andtrading partners
Services availableto external partners,Cross-enterprise
External services enablement,Cross-enterprise, Translationo cross-enterprise protocols,Long-running transactions
RosettaNet,ebXML, WS-Trust
4. MeasuredBusinessServices
Businesstransormationrom reactiveto real-time,Meet businessperormancemetrics
Business unit orenterprise, Cross-enterprise
Business ActivityMonitoring, Event StreamProcessing, Complex EventProcessing, Event-drivendashboards and alerts
On-going businessprocess evaluationand response
CFO sponsorship
5. OptimizedBusinessServices
Businessoptimizationreactand respondautomatically
Business unit orenterprise, Cross-enterprise
Event-driven automation oroptimization
Continuousimprovement culture
CEO sponsorship
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tabLe 2: SOa MatUritY MODeL GOaLS aND KeY
praCtiCeS
Maturity Level Key Goals Key Practices
1. Initial Services 1. Learn SOA technology in R&D and pilot projects.
2. Apply SOA technology to immediateorganizational needs.
3. Dene initial ROI measurements or SOA projectsand apply to initial projects.
1. Create services denitions.
2. Integrate SOA into project development methodology.
3. Quantiy costs, time, and business benets o pilotprojects.
2. ArchitectedServices
1. Institutionalize use o SOA.
2. Put in place architecture leadership or SOA.
3. Prove returns rom use o standards technology.
4. Anticipate use o SOA inormation or businessoptimization.
1. Speciy technology standards or SOA.
2. Integrate SOA into organization-wide developmentprocess.
3. Provide organization-wide SOA training and competencycenter.
4. Use incremental integration.3.a. Business
Services1. Create ongoing partnership between business
and technology organizations or SOAgovernance.
2. Support ull business processes via SOA.
3. Prove returns rom reuse o services andresponsiveness to change.
1. Speciy policies or use o SOA in creation or modicationo business processes.
2. Take advantage o event-oriented and mediationunctionality o SOA technologies, especially with regardsto enhancing/extending business processes.
3.b. CollaborativeServices
1. Create ongoing partnership between businessand technology organizations or SOAgovernance.
2. Extend SOA business processes to external
organizations.3. Prove returns rom use o services or
collaboration.
1. Speciy policies or use o SOA in collaboration withbusiness and trading partners.
2. Implement cross-enterprise security.
4. MeasuredBusiness Services
1. Institute transormation rom reactive to real-timebusiness processes.
2. Dene and meet business-oriented perormancemetrics.
1. Collect and analyze business process-oriented real-timeperormance metrics.
2. Implement ongoing business process evaluation andre-engineering.
5. OptimizedBusiness Services
1. Provide enterprise-wide leadership or businessand SOA governance.
2. Prove returns rom SOA-supported continuousimprovement.
1. Implement sel-correcting business processes.
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3.1 SOA MATuRiTy LEvEL 1iNiTiAL SERvicES
SOA Maturity Level 1 is Initial Services (see Table 1 and Table 2).
Initial Services represent the initial learning and initial project phase o SOA
adoption. Projects here are typically done to simultaneously meet a specic
need to implement unctionality while trying out specic technologies and
an approach to SOA. This maturity level also includes initial R&D activities
testing the SOA technologies in a laboratory environment. Usually, the initial
introduction o SOA is driven by the application development organization
oten as part o an application integration project. New development skills are
learned and initial attempts at quantication o ROI are created.
This is the level at which the most basic o SOA standards rom W3C7
are introduced, such as XML or denition o message ormats, WSDL orservice interace denition and SOAP or invocation o services.
NewCRM
Application
SalesForecasting
and TrackingService
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
INTRANET
PORTAL USER
MAINFRAME
HOSTED
BUSINESS-ORIENT
WEB SERVICES
REQUEST
SalesManagement
PortalServer
INTERNET
REPLY
PORTAL USER
7World Wide Web Consortium, Web Services Activity, http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/.
Figure 2
Example Application or Maturity
Level 1: Initial
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A typical example o an initial services project as shown in Figure 2
is to link a corporate sales orce Web portal directly to both a legacy sales
orecasting system running on the mainrame and a new CRM application
exposed as a Web service.
In this example the ollowing SOA inrastructure component could
be used:
A Manrame integraton Sere> such as the Progress
DataDirect
Shadow RTE providing bidirectional standards-based
Web service access to a legacy sales orecasting system hosted
within CICS on an IBM mainrame running z/OS
A Hghl Prodte Deelopment Platorm> optimized or the
creation o service-oriented business applications such as Progress
OpenEdge
to develop and host new CRM application logic that is
accessible as Web services
The key benets o this initial project are to provide the business
unctionality required while also learning how to develop and deploy a basic
SOA application. Such an implementation would use the SOAP protocol
between the portal server and the supporting services, as well as or the
Sales Forecasting and Tracking Service to obtain inormation rom the
CRM Application.
However, even a basic initial application could benet rom using
some o the key additional SOA inrastructure components. Beyond the
learning gained rom using the technologies early, the most important reason
or the introduction o these advanced technologies on initial projects is to
put in place scalable technology so that as SOA encompasses more business
unctions, the right oundations are in place. For example, Figure 3 shows this
same example with the addition o:
A Rntme Goernane Sere> such that o Progress
Actional
which provides the monitoring and control mechanism to apply
service and security policies to all steps within a business process
across heterogeneous SOA inrastructure elements.
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An Enterprse Sere Bs> (ESB) such as the Progress
Sonic
ESB,
which provides a standard interaction model or SOA components
including Web services and relational databases as a scalable, easy-
to-deploy distributed inrastructure. The ESB provides a large number
o adapters to allow services implemented in disparate technologiesto interchange messages allowing, or example, a .NET application to
communicate with a J2EE application at a services level.
A Seres Regstr> supporting the UDDI standard. This provides
a central store o service denitions across initial projects and
provides a single point o reerence or service developers to
obtain services denitions.
INTRANET
Enterprise Service Bus
SalesForecasting
and Tracking
Service
NewCRM
Application
RuntimeGovernance
Service
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
Sales
ManagementPortalServer
ServicesInterface
Services
Registry
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
INTERNET
PORTAL USER
PORTAL USER
ADMINISTRATOR
3.2 SOA MATuRiTy LEvEL 2ARcHiTEcTED SERvicES
SOA Maturity Level 2 is Architected Services (see Table 1 and Table
2). It is at this level that standards are set as to the technical governanceo SOA implementation, typically under leadership o the architecture
organization. The key business benet o this level is development and
deployment cost reductions through the use o SOA standard inrastructure
and components as compared to using older technologies or costs
Figure 3
Enhanced SOA Inrastructure or SOA
Maturity Level 1: Initial
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accumulated through multiple unique one-time projects. These benets are
greater in the heterogeneous environments typical o most enterprises.
Based on the learning and eedback rom the initial services at
Maturity Level 1, architectural standards and standard implementation
technologies are dened. For example, standards are set or:
Enterprise SOA protocols to be used chosen rom industry standards,>
particularly those o W3C, OASIS8
and WS-I9
Implementation platorms to be used>
Policies including reuse, runtime governance, compliance and>
security policies
Technical review process or denition o new services and reuse o>
existing services
Figure 4 shows an example o an SOA deployment at Maturity Level
2 or a nancial trading example. Maturity Level 2 includes the use o key
components shown previously in Figure 3 including the runtime governance
service and the enterprise service bus as well as the additional key aspects o
this example:
A> Repostor, which extends the Services Registry to provide
storage or SOA artiacts and policies inormation. Liecycle support
such as access controls, versioning, and deployment tools are also
important characteristics to consider here. Usage o such a repository
with both development and runtime support is part o Maturity
Level 2Architected Services.
A modied> Rntme Goernane Sere, which identies services
and dependencies providing the proper oundation to detect, diagnose
and automatically remedy both system and application-level errors.
A> Message Transormaton Serewhich allows the integrationo services with dierences in expected message contents or
ormats. This is oten done by the invocation o XLST transorms
applied to an XML messagein this example as a mediation
unction under the control o the ESB.
8OASIS, OASIS Committees by Category: Web Services and SOA, http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_cat.php?cat=ws.
9WS-I, Web Se rvices Interoperability Organization, http://ws-i.org
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A> Sngle Sgn-On Seresupporting user authentication and
authorization across the organization. Such a service, typically
supplied by a vendor, could be based on the OASIS SAML standard
or the exchange o authentication and authorization inormation.
RepositoryUser
Directory
Single Sign On
Trading System
OrderManagement
Service
FundsTransferService
RuntimeGovernance
Service
Agent
StockExchange
ECN
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterfaceServicesInterface
Enterprise Service Bus XML
INTRANET
ServicesInterface
ADMINISTRATOR
3.3 SOA MATuRiTy LEvEL 3
Business Services and Collaborative Services
The ocus o SOA Maturity Level 3 is on the partnership between
technology and business organizations in order to assure that the use o
SOA provides clear business responsiveness. Core to the value o SOA is
the linkage between business processes and digital processes as shown in
Figure 5.
Figure 4
Example Application or SOA
Maturity Level 2: Architected Services
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Service Delivery Network
SampleProcess
DigitalServices
DIGITALWORLD
ServicesCorrelate to
Process Steps
Services CallInitiates
Digital Processes
PHYSICALWORLD
DigitalProcesses
CreateCustomerOrder
ReserveInventory
ScheduleProduction
CreateShippingOrder
ScheduleShipment
CreateSupplierOrder
CreateSupplierOrder
ScheduleProduction
CreateShippingOrder
CreateCustomerOrder
ScheduleShipment
ReserveInventory
SOA Maturity Level 3 is dened with two complementary paths to attaining
these goalstwo, Business Services, ocused on the improvement o
internal business processes, and one, Collaborative Services, ocused on the
improvement o collaborative processes with external partners. (See Table 1
and Table 2.) Certainly both can be done to get the greatest advantage rom
SOA, but Maturity Level 3 can be attained through either path; both provide
improved business responsiveness.
Figure 6 shows an example o an SOA deployment at Maturity Level 3or nancial trading. Key to this Business Services implementation is:
Bsness Proess Management> (BPM)the management o
long-running processes involving sequential messages between
services. This could be done or example by the Progress
Sonic
Orchestration Server, which can manage the state o each process
along with intermediate results.
10The Big Strategic Impact O Organic Business And Service-Oriented Architecture, Forrester Research, Inc., June 2004.
Figure 5
SOAs Source o Power: It Models
Business Processes (adapted rom
Forrester Research10
)
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RepositoryUser
Directory
Single Sign On
Trading System
CallCenter
Service
OrderManagement
Service
FundsTransfer
Service
OrchestrationService
RuntimeGovernance
Service
Enterprise Service Bus
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
1 2
43
StockExchange
ECN
XML
Agent
ServicesInterface
Figure 7 continues the evolution o Business Services with the addition o:
Straghtorard enhanement o bsness proesses.> A
principal advantage o SOA is its enablement o business process
modication through the reconguration o services. In this example,
a new Compliance Service required or regulatory compliance is
inserted in the message fow between the Order Management
Service and the Trading Service without any changes to theimplementations o the existing services.
Rese o seres.> In this example, reuse is shown as through a
multi-channel application (e.g., provide access to the same application
through dierent customer communication methods) in which the
Order Management Service is shared by both the Call Center Service
and the Online Service.
Figure 6
Example Application or SOA
Maturity Level 3: Business Services
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RuntimeGovernanceService
ServicesInterface
OrderManagement
Service
ServicesInterface
FundsTransferService
ServicesInterface
INTERNET
CUSTOMER
Agent
StockExchange
ECN
ServicesInterface
CallCenter
Service
ServicesInterface
OnlineService
Repository
ServicesInterface
XML
ServicesInterface
UserDirectory
Single Sign On
ServicesInterface
OrchestrationService
ServicesInterface
ComplianceService
ServicesInterface
TradingSystem
1
2
3 45
Enterprise Service Bus
CUSTOMER CUSTOMER
The alternative ocus at Maturity Level 3 is Collaborative Services with a
ocus on linking with external partners. Figure 8 shows an example in which
the trading company expanded into a new business o oreign exchange
transactions oered over the Internet.
Key eatures in this implementation o Collaboration Services include:
Use o standard> SOA protools spportng spef bsness-to-
bsness (B2B) ntonaltsuch as those dened by RosettaNet11
,
which includes standard XML messaging unctions or such cross-
enterprise operations as obtaining product inormation, obtaining
inventory inormation, and ordering.
A collaboraton Sere> would implement the B2B protocols and
support necessary transormations between the messages used
internal to the enterprise and those needed or external processes.
11 RosettaNet, Standards, http://rosettanet.org/standards
Figure 7
Continued Evolution o Application
or SOA Maturity Level 3:
Business Services
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The Electronic Crossing Network (ECN) connection has> moed rom
a propretar protool to a standard ndstr seres protool
and hence is managed through the Collaboration Service.
ServicesInterface
Repository
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
UserDirectory
OrchestrationService
ServicesInterface
ComplianceService
ServicesInterface
TradingSystem
ForeignExchange
Service CollaborationService
RuntimeGovernanceService
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
OrderManagement
Service
ServicesInterface
FundsTransferService
ServicesInterface
INTERNET
INTERNET
Agent
StockExchange
ECN
ForeignExchangePartners
CallCenterService
OnlineService
Enterprise Service Bus
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
CUSTOMER CUSTOMER
3.4 MATuRiTy LEvEL 4 MEASuRED BuSiNESS SERvicES
While SOA Maturity Level 3 ocuses on the implementation o
internal and/or external business processes, SOA Maturity Level 4 ocuses
on measuring and presenting these processes at the business level so as to
provide continuous eedback on the perormance and business impact o the
processes implemented at Level 3. (See Table 1 and Table 2.)
Figure 9 shows an example process to congure, order and
manuacture, with services or each key unction distributed across
geographic locations.
Figure 8
SOA Maturity Level 3:
Collaboration Services
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Key eatures in this example are:
Real-tme Eent Stream Proessng,> which in this example
collects all RFID events into an event database and lters out the
business-meaningul events based on rules and orwards them on
or use in other services. As explained in The Power o Events12
and
Event Stream Processing-A New Physics o Sotware,13
event
stream processing and complex event processing allow the
transormatono business processes rom being reactive to being
based on real-time intelligence.
Bsness Proess vsblt> , which empowers you to manage your
SOA rom a business process perspective. Business process visibility
allows business and IT users to gain a comprehensive view o
individual business processes and their supporting business services
and IT inrastructure, while simultaneously enorcing policies at the
business process level.
12Luckham, David, The Power o Events, Add ison-Wesley, 2002.
13Palmer, Mark, Event Stream Processing-A New Physics o Sotware, DM Direct Newsletter, July 29, 2005,
http://www.dmreview.com/editorial/newsletter_archive.cm?nl=dmdirect&issueid=20226.
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INTRANET
Enterprise Service Bus
ServicesInterface
INTERNET
ServicesInterface
Repository
RuntimeGovernance
Service
BusinessProcessVisibility
(BPV) Service
Configureand Order
Service
All EventsMeaningful Events
Enterprise Service Bus
Plant RFID
Materials and
In-Process
Tracking
Service
ServicesInterface
Fulfillment
Service
ServicesInterface
RFID EventStream
ProcessingEngine
Event
DB
Rules
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER
MANAGER
3.5 MATuRiTy LEvEL 5OPTiMizED BuSiNESS SERvicES
SOA Maturity Level 5, Optimized Business Services SOA, adds
automatic response to the measurements and displays o Level 4. In this way,
the SOA inormation system becomes the enterprise nervous system and
takes action according to events occurring at the business level according torules optmngbusiness goals (see Table 1 and Table 2).
Figure 10 shows the congure, order, and manuacture process
enhanced to provide dynamic pricing according to the status o materials
and in-process work in the manuacturing plant. For example, i parts or a
particular version o an item are in short supply, pricing can be created to
encourage purchasers to order an item using alternative parts. This example
is inspired by the success o Dell Corporations use o dynamic pricing in
which a shortage o a particular capacity disk drive, or example, causes the
dynamic creation o a special oer to encourage buyers to congure and
purchase a computer with a larger drive14 15
. Using SOA components allows
such an approach to be more easily implemented and evolved than through
Figure 9
Example Application or SOA
Maturity Level 4: Measured
Business Services
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the construction o proprietary systems. With realization o Level 5 Maturity,
an organization should see true competitive advantage by leveraging in real
time the fow o inormation within their enterprise SOA to increase revenues,
reduce costs, and respond to unanticipated events in an automated ashion.
INTRANET
Enterprise Service Bus Enterprise Service Bus
PricingService
FulfillmentService
Plant RFIDMaterials and
In-ProcessTrackingService
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
INTERNET
Repository
RuntimeGovernance
Service
BusinessProcessVisibility
(BPV) Service
Configureand Order
Service
All Events
Dynamic Prices
Orders
MeaningfulEvents
RFID EventStream
ProcessingEngine
Event
DB
Rules
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
ServicesInterface
CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER
MANAGER
4.0 CONCLUSiON
The SOA Maturity Model provides a ramework supporting both the
vision and the assessment o increasing levels o business benets rom the
adoption o SOA. The levels and key benets are as ollows:
14Friedman, Thomas L., The World is Flat, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.
15McWilliams, Gary, Lean Machine: How Dell Fine-Tunes Its PC Pricing to Gain Edge in a Slow Market, The Wall Street Journal,
June 8, 2001.
Figure 10
Example Application or SOA
Maturity Level 5: Business
Optimization
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5
43 a b
2
1
OptimizedBusinessServices
Measured BusinessServices
Architected Services
Initial Services
BusinessServices
CollaborativeServices
BENEFITS
Optimization
Transformation
Responsiveness
Cost Effectiveness
Functionality
Key to the success o SOA introduction and subsequent success isan evolving partnership between the technology and business organizations.
This partnership is predicated on the ability or the technology organization
to support the business in both responding to competition and in rapidly
implementing new business models such as new distribution channels, new
inormation services products and new pricing modelsall with continuously
improving metrics such as protability and customer satisaction.
The goal o SOA is to allow this business agility in a way dierent
and better than previous technologiesdierent due to the capitalization
on Web standards, due to the inherent fexibility o SOA design, due to the
inclusion o legacy systems, and due to the availability o o-the-shel SOA
inrastructure and services. Ultimately, a companys success in achieving an
increasing level o maturity will depend on the methodology and rigor that is
either created within the enterprise or ast-tracked by engaging a
systems integrator.
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appeNDiX
REALiziNG SOA MATuRiTy wiTH PROGRESS SOFTwARE
The ollowing chart outlines how the Progress products relate to
each level o the Maturity Model:
Lvl 5: Omzd busnss Svcs &
Lvl 4: Msud busnss SvcsBusiness Optimization/Event Stream Processingthrough Progress ESP Event Manager,Progress
Apama
Algorithmic Trading Platorm,and Progress RFID
Lvl 3: busnss Svc &
Lvl 1: ind Svcs
Business Process Management through Sonic
ESB Processes (Itineraries) and Sonic OrchestrationServer or sophisticated central process statemanagement
Lvl 2: accd Svcs &
Lvl 1: inl Svcs
Foundation SOA unctionality through Progress
SonicMQ
, Sonic ESB, Sonic XML Server, SonicDatabase Service, and Sonic Workbench
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prOGreSS SOftware
Progress Sotware Corporation (NASDAQ: PRGS) is a global sotware company that enables enterprises to be operationally responsive to changing
conditions and customer interactions as they occur. Our goal is to enable our customers to capitalize on new opportunities, drive greater eciencies, and
reduce risk. Progress oers a comprehensive portolio o best-in-class inrastructure sotware spanning event-driven visibility and real-time response,
open integration, data access and integration, and application development and managementall supporting on-premises and SaaS/cloud deployments.
Progress maximizes the benets o operational responsiveness while minimizing IT complexity and total cost o ownership.
wOrLDwiDe heaDqUarterS
Progress Sotware Corporation, 14 Oak Park, Bedord, MA 01730 USA
Tel: +1 781 280-4000 Fax: +1 781 280-4095 On the Web at: .ogss.com
For regional international oce locations and contact inormation, please reer to the Web page: .ogss.com/oldd
Progress and Business Making Progress are trademarks or registered t rademarks o Progress Sot ware Corporation or one o its aliates or subsidiaries in the U.S. and other countries. Any
other trademarks contained herein are the property o their respective owners. Specications subject to change without notice.
2007, 2009 Progress So tware Corporation and/or its subsidiaries or aliates. All rights reserved.
Rev. 11/09 | 6525-128897