New North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2) … · 2014. 9. 29. · Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation For the Government

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Final Project Number: 38254 December 2009

India: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)—Sindhanur Town Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation For the Government of Karnataka North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

NKUSIP (Package IV – Bellary) Tranche II Sub Projects in Sindhanur Town Initial Environmental Examination (IEE Report)

KUIDFC Span & Voyants 2

ADB assisted North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment

Program (NKUSIP) – BELLARY, Package IV

KARNATAKA URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE

DEVELOPMENT & FINANCE CORPORATION

DETAILED REPORT ON THE OBSERVATIONS OF IEE

REPORT FOR SINDHANUR TOWN





SPAN CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.

An ISO 9001:2000 Certified Company

[Member of SNC‐Lavalin Group, Canada]

h l d [ l R k I f C l i P L d ]





Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation

Government of Karnataka

North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment

Program

Package IV - Bellary

Tranche I Sub-Projects in Sindhanur Town

Initial Environmental Examination

December 2009

Span Consultants Pvt. Ltd

Association with Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd

(Formerly M/s. Ramky Infra Consulting Pvt. Ltd).



Currency Equivalent

Currency Unit - Indian Rupee/s Re. 1.00 = US$ 0.022US$ 1.00 = Rs. 45

Abbreviations

ADB : Asian Development Bank ASP : Activated Sludge ProcessBM : Bituminous MacadamDoEEF : Department of Ecology, Environment EIA : Environmental Impact AssessmentEMP : Environmental Management PlanEP Act : Environment (Protection) Act, 1986GoI : Government of IndiaGoK : Government of KarnatakaGSB : Granular Sub-baseIEE : Initial Environmental ExaminationKSPCB : Karnataka State Pollution Control Board MLD : Million Litre per DayMoEF : Ministry of Environment and ForestsMSL : Mean Sea LevelMSS : Mix Seal SurfaceNKUSIP : North Karnataka Urban Sector ProjectNOC : No Objection CertificateNOx : Oxides of NitrogenOM : Operations ManualPCC : Profile Concrete CoursePWD : Public Works DepartmentSOx : Oxides of SulphurSTP : Sewage Treatment PlantRSPM : Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter TSPM : Total Suspended Particulate MatterWMM : Wet Mix Macadam WRDO : Water Resource Development Organization



Contents

CHAPTER – I: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................7

1.1. Overview ....................................................................................................................7 1.2. Environmental Regulatory Compliance ....................................................................7 1.3. Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination ......................................................... 9 1.4. Scope of IE. .......................................................................................................... …9

CHAPTER – II: DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS..............10

2.1. NKUSIP Goal .................................................................................................... ……10 2.2 Need for Infrastructure Improvement in Sindhanur .............................................…..12 2.2.1. Karnataka – Health Status .........................................................................................12 2.2.2 Sewerage System ......................................................................................................13 2.2.3. Water Supply Rehabilitation .......................................................................................13 2.2.4. Need of project ………………………………………………………….........................18 2.3 Sub-project Component Description...........................................................................18 2.3.1. Sewerage System .......................................................................................................18 2.3.2 Water supply……………………………………………………………………………….....22 2.4. Investment Program Implementation Schedule .........................................................25 2.5. Investment Program Benefits ................................................................................…..26 2.5.1. Sewerage System Improvements ..............................................................................26 2.5.2 Water supply improvements ……………………………………………………….26 2.6 Investment Program Alternatives................................................................................27

CHAPTER-III: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ..........................................................29

3.1. Environmental Profile of Sindhanur .........................................................................29 3.1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................29 3.1.2 Physiography ............................................................................................................29 3.1.3 Seismology ...............................................................................................................29 3.1.4 Climatic Conditions .............................................................................................…..2 9 3.1.5 Demography…………………………………………………………………………..31 3.1.6 Sex ratio……………………………………………………………………………….32 3.1.7 Household size……………………………………………………………………….32 3.1.8 Literacy rate…………………………………………………………………………..32 3.1.9 Ai r Qual i ty………………………………………………………………………...32 3.1.10 Histor ic & Cul tura l p laces…………………………………………………….33 3.2. Environmental Settings of Investment Program Component Sites ..................... . . 3 3 3.2.1 Sewage Treatment Plant Site ........................................................................... ……34 .

CHAPTER- IV: SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .................................................................................................................................35

CHAPTER – V: INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

5.1. Institutional Requirements ................................................................................. 45 5 . 2 I n s t i t u t i ona l s t r eng then ing……………………………………….…… 47 5 . 2 .1 O rgan i sa t i on & S ta f f i ng ………………………………………………….4 7 5 . 2 . 2 Mon i t o r i ng & Repo r t i ng P rocedu re……………………………………47 5 . 2 .3 Reco rd keep in g…………………………………………………………….4 7 5 . 3 En v i r onmen ta l Mon i t o r i n g P rog ram …………………………………. .47



5 .3 .1 Rehab i l i t a t i on & Rese t t l emen t P ro g ram……………………………. .4 8 5 . 3 .2 A f f o res ta t i on ………………………………………………………………. . .48 5 . 3 .3 So i l conse rva t i on…………………………………………………………. .4 8 5 . 3 .4 Bo r r ow a rea conse rva t i o n ………… ………………………………… . .48 5.4 Training Needs ....................................................................................................... 51 5.5 Environmental Monitoring Plans ..............................................................................52

CHAPTER – VI: PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 6.1. Overview ...............................................................................................................58

CHAPTER – VII Finding and Recommendation

7.1. Findings ......................................................................................................................60 7.2. Recommandations ......................................................................................................61

CHAPTER – VIII : CONCLUSIONS ……………………………………………………………..62



TABLES

Table: 1 Environmental regulatory compliance of NKUSIP components

Table: 2 Water borne diseases in Karnataka

Table: 3 Existing sewerage system in Sindhanur

Table: 4 Existing water supply scheme

Table: 5 Water distribution in Sindhanur town

Table: 6 Design flow calculation

Table: 7 Design parameter of STP

Table: 8 Proposed sewage system

Table: 9 Proposed water supply scheme

Table: 10 Proposed water demand and distribution system requirement

Table: 11 Proposed water supply distribution zone

Table: 12 Investment program alternatives

Table: 13 Mean Max. & mean min. Temperature of Sindhanur town

Table: 14 Climatologically characteristic of Sindhanur

Table: 15 Demography of Sindhanur town

Table: 16 Percentage distribution of slum population b age and education

Table: 17 Screening of impacts

Table: 18 Environmental impacts and mitigation measures of sewerage system

Table: 19 Environmental impacts and mitigation measures of water supply rehabilitation

Table: 20 Institutional roles and responsibilities

Table: 21 Training needs

Table: 22 Environmental management plan for sewerage system

Table: 23 Environmental management plan for water supply rehabilitation

Table: 24 public comments and mitigation measures

Table: 25 environmental issue of proposed infrastructure components.

Maps

Map: 1 Location map of Sindhanur Town

Fig: 2 Photos of Public Consultation.



CHAPTER - I

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Overview

1. The North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) proposes to improve the

environmental quality of the urban areas through better urban infrastructure facilities and thus

improve living conditions of the urban people. In the wake of poor infrastructure facilities and

services such as water supply, sewerage and sanitation and solid waste management, the risk

of infectious diseases through exposure to unhealthy environment runs high, particularly in the

case of urban poor. Hence, the proposed Investment Program aims at minimizing or mitigating

the risk and ensures the well-being of people.

2 . Though the Investment Program aims to improve the environmental condition of urban

areas, the proposed improvements of infrastructure facilities may exert certain adverse impacts

on the natural environment. While developing urban infrastructure facilities, impacts during the

construction stage are expected to be more severe than impacts during the operation phase,

though for a short duration. Exceptions being some facilities such as solid waste landfill,

sewage treatment plant, which may also exert adverse impacts during the operation phase

also, if due care is not taken. Again, most of the impacts are activity- specific. However, if due

care is taken during the construction phase, investment Program negative impacts will be far

outweighed by positive impacts

1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance

3 The components of NKUSIP includes slum infrastructure such as water supply, sewerage

and sanitation, solid waste management and road. Sub-components, which fall under the ambit

of environmental regulations and mandatory requirement, are indicated in the following Table



Table 1 : Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components

Sub-

Component

Applicability of

Acts/Guidelines

Compliance Criteria

All sub-

components

The Environment Policy and

Operations Manual (OM) 20:

Environmental Assessment

Guidelines 2003

Environmental Considerations in

ADB Operation

• Categorization of sub-project

components into A, B or C and

developing required level of

environmental assessment for

each component

4 The above table indicates that as far as GoI and GoK Acts/Guidelines are concerned, the

proposed Investment Programs do not need to go through environmental assessment process;.

The ADB guidelines, on the other hand, stipulate addressing environmental concerns, if any, of

a proposed activity in the initial stages of Investment Program preparation. For this, the ADB

Guidelines categorizes the proposed components into varies categories (A, B or C) to

determine the level of environmental assessment required to address the potential impacts.

Level of environmental assessment required for each category of Investment Program, as per

ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2003 is presented below.

(i) Category A. Sub-project components with potential for significant adverse environmental

impacts. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required to address significant impacts.

(ii) Category B. Sub-project components judged to have some adverse environmental

impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for Category A projects. An initial

environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental

impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final

environmental assessment report.

(iii) Category C. Sub-components unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No

EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are still reviewed.



1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination

5 The NKUIDFC Package IV – Bellary covers 25 sub-project towns. To fulfil the ADB’s

environmental assessment requirement for sector loans, the environmental assessment of sample sub-

project was carried out. Owing to the scale and nature of the proposed infrastructure components and

environmental profile of the NKUSIP area in general and the sample sub-project towns in particular,

prima facie almost all Investment Program components are unlikely to have adverse environmental

impacts.

6 Therefore, as per the ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the sub-project components

proposed in Sindhanur under NKUSIP are categorized as ‘B’ and an initial environmental

examination (IEE) have been carried out.

1.4 Scope of IEE

7 The IEE was based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys;

no field monitoring (environmental) survey was conducted. Stakeholder consultation was an integral

part of the IEE.

1.5 Report Structure

1 This Report is framed with 8 Sections including this Introduction Chapter:

1. Introduction

2. Project Description

3. Environmental Description

4. Screening of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

5. Institutional requirements and Environmental Monitoring Plans

6. Public consultation and Information Disclosure

7. Findings and Recommendations

8. Conclusions



CHAPTER – II

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS

2.1 NKUSIP Investment Program Goal

8 The North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) will finance

investment for (i) Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure; (ii) Water supply Infrastructure;

(iii) Urban Roads Improvement; (iv) Poverty Alleviation; (v) Non- Municipal Infrastructure;

(vi) Institutional Development; and (vii) Investment Program Assistance. The overall

development goal of the NKUSIP is to facilitate economic growth in the towns of North

Karnataka and bring about urban development through equitable distribution of urban basic

services to the citizens that are environmentally sound and operationally sustainable. The

development purpose is designed to assist Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to “promote good

urban management, and develop and expand urban infrastructure to increase economic

opportunities and to reduce vulnerability to environmental degradation and urban poverty”.

9 Thus the Investment Program goal is to facilitate economic growth in the towns/cities of

North Karnataka and bring about urban development though equitable distribution of urban

basic services to the citizens that is environmentally sound and operationally sustainable.

The following are the urban infrastructure components proposed under the NKUSIP.

(i) Urban Drainage; and

(ii) Poverty Alleviation;

2.2 Project location

10. Sindhanur, the second largest urban center in Raichur District, is located at a distance of 390

km from State capital, Bangalore and 87 km from District headquarter Raichur. The town is the

taluk headquarters of the Sindhanur Taluk in Raichur District. The Town Municipal Council’s

jurisdiction extends up to an area of 25.55 Sq. km. with 8,806 households and 61,292 populations

within 31 wards. It is one of the important educational, industrial and commercial trade centres of

the District. The agricultural development around the town is extensive due to the presence of

the Tungabhadra irrigation canal. Owing to the irrigation facilities, agro based industries are also

growing at faster rate in and around the town. In addition to this, many small scale steel industries

exist in the town. The location map of Sindhanur is presented in MAP 1.



Map: 2.1 Location map of Sindhanur Town.



2.2 Need for Infrastructure Improvement in Sindhanur

11. Sindhanur is rewarded with one of the important educational, administrative and trade canter

in Karnataka state. Availability of water in huge amount due to Tungabhadra irrigation canal

encourages the Agricultural development in and around the town in extensive. Owing to the

irrigation facilities, agro based industries are also growing at faster rate in and around the town In

addition to this, many small scale industries exist in the town.

12. Population in the city is on growing. Providing basic amenities to ensure high level of

performance in environmental safe guard is quite necessary to ensure long term urban

sustainability. A study conducted by Department of Forest , Ecology & Environment, Government

of Karnataka, 2003 has shown that the cities in the state of Karnataka has poor environmental

performance due to lagging in ensuring basic infrastructure facilities to the urban population.

2.2.1 Karnataka – Health Status

13. Lack of safe and adequate water supply and sanitation facilities leads unhealthy

environment which results in the risk of infectious diseases particularly in urban areas.

Report which was generated by The State of Environment Report (SOER), 2003, Karnataka,

brings out the fact that the lack of safe water supply and sanitation facilities is essentially

leading to the health related consequences. The following are important observations of the

report.

Table 2.1: Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka

Year Gastroenteriti Cholera Leptospiros Viral Hepatitis Typhoid

1991 17,455 691 747 16 - - 659 17 - -1992 15,262 608 402 14 - - 282 17 - -1993 16,206 855 424 13 - - 678 7 26,047 11994 15,932 325 304 10 - - 382 0 20,349 01995 18,645 396 532 38 - - 7,146 1 10,250 01996 22,983 377 657 6 - - 1,332 6 22,221 121997 23,665 361 714 10 67 2 1,714 4 3,880 51998 23,881 501 434 2 1 0 3,824 2 2,435 01999 17,743 126 134 3 54 2 4,792 2 24,356 12000 31,132 265 354 3 3 1 3,011 10 27,210 02001 23,893 198 342 1 68 7 5,438 28 33,346 62002 25,218 146 384 0 27 0 4,578 15 42,936 2

Source: SOER 2003

14.Hence, it is evident that the lack of safe water supply and sanitation facilities in the State

adversely affects health condition of the Population. The following section details the status



of water supply, sanitation and other basic infrastructure facilities in slums in Sindhanur

CMC.

Slum Improvement

Table 2.2: Sub projects components under Tranche – II

SI. No. Infrastructure Description Location

Components to be built under Tranche II

2 Slums Improvements in water supply

line, Sewerage system, Roads,

Drains, etc.

Sindanur CMC

Existing Infrastructure Facilities in Sindhanur town

2.2.2 Slum

15 In Sindhanur there are 10 Declared Slums And 9 Un declared Slums. The total population in is about 31083, 50.71 % of the total population. This figure being more than 50% is on higher side when compared to that of similar cities. Details of declared and undeclared slums along with the area and resident population are given in the table below:

Table : 2.3 Slums in Sindhanur

Sl No Name of Slum Ward No Declared \

Undeclared No of Huts

Popn.

1 Sukalpet\ Janata Colony 21 &22 Declared 407 1629

2 Near SukalpetTAPMC (Harijanawada)

22 Declared 385 1925

3 Municipal Colony 17 &18 Declared 382 1912

4 Dobi galli 6 Declared 865 3459

5 Mehaboob Colony 17 Un declared 298 904

6 Indira nagar 11 Un declared 344 1635

7 Khadariya Colony 12 Un declared 859 3436



Sl No Name of Slum Ward No Declared \

Undeclared No of Huts

Popn.

8 AK Goplanagar 13 Un declared 328 1312

9 Agasara Oni\Gode Kattor oni 9 Un declared 139 617

10 Badi Base 7 Un declared 128 548

11 Right side of 3rd Mile camp 9\2,943

11 Un declared 255 980

12 Left side of 3rd Mile camp Survey No 942,982

11 Un declared 375 1601

13 Yelu Ragi Survey No 942,982 27 Un declared 495 1980

14 Rudragowda Nagar (Burnt Area ) 18&19 Un declared 905 3620

15 Lakshmi camp 27 Un declared 256 1024

16 Sundaraiah Camp 25 Un declared 208 981

17 Basavanagar Near APMC 12 Un declared 158 656

18 Janata Colony near Kote Area 21 Un declared 256 1310

19 Harijanawada 22 Un declared 180 881

Total >>> 7423 31083

Source : DPR ( Detail Project report)

16 The physical environment in terms of housing conditions, availability of basic services determines the productivity and consequently the quality of life in urban areas. Majority of the people living in slums do suffer from deprivation especially in basic services and amenities.

17 The study of slums in Sindhanur is to assess the extent of access to basic services. It includes identification of the level of services in slums, opportunity cost incurred by households, mechanisms to overcome the shortfall in service and affordability and determination to pay for improved services. The study was taken to assess the socio-economic profile, access to basic services and identification of the priority for providing for basic services on the basis of the stratified random sample size of 2 % of the city’s slum population.

18 percent of the surveyed population in the working age group of 14-60years in Sindhanur slums is unemployed. 55 percent of the sample population comprises dependents, accounting for a high dependency ratio of 1:1.25



Table: 2.4 Percentage distribution of sample population by age and occupation

Age Group Non-Workers Agriculture Daily wage laborers

Service Business

M F M F M F M F

0 – 6 yrs 4 3 - - - 1 - -

6 – 14 yrs 9 6 - 1 17 1.5 1 -

14 – 25 yrs 4 11 1.5 20 2.5 6 -

25 – 60 yrs 2 15 1.5 - - -

> 60 yrs - 1 - - - - -

Source: CMC

19 Percentage of daily wage laborers was reported very high accounting for 70 % of total workforce. While, remaining workforce is mainly involved in informal business activities. Majority of the working female population was found working as daily wage laborers and a small percentage was found working as domestic workers. Most of the workforce is on daily wage labor which doesn’t provide sufficient remuneration to lift the household above the poverty line.

20 Income levels of households serve as a proxy for their affordability to pay for existing/improved services. Survey results indicate that 80percent of households fall in the below poverty line (BPL) category. Almost half the sample households fall in the Rs. 2500/-5000 monthly income brackets. It is evident that lower and middle-income groups are predominant among the slum population.

21 The following table provides details on availability of basic services in the households of Sindhanur slums based on the sample survey conducted.



Table : 2.5 Percentage distribution of households by access to Services, tenure

Source : CMC

22 The percentage of households having access different types of infrastructure reveals satisfactory percentage of service access except for roads among the slum population. However, services lack in quality of service delivery.

(i) Water Supply

23 House Service Connections serve 20 percent of slum households in Sindhanur. Of the remaining households, 71 percent depend on stand posts and 9 percent avail water from bore/open well all the households with HSC supply have unmetred connection.

Sr. No.

Service Description Access % of Households

1 Water supply

WSC 28

Stand posts 65

Pvt vendors 7

2 Sanitation

Public convenience 1

None 99

3 Solid Waste Disposal Dustbins available 14

Dustbins not present 86

4 Tenure Security Owners 76

Tenants 24

5 Housing Type

R.C.C. 85

Tiled Pucca 6

Tiles Kutcha 9



(ii) Sewerage and Sanitation

24 Sindhanur has no underground drainage system (UGD) access to safe sanitation. And sample households 99% practice open defecation, adults using nearby fields and children, roadside drains. Women especially, are most inconvenienced by the lack of sanitation facilities. Field visits to slums revealed that there is a lack of space for individual toilets in most slums in Sindhanur, which are densely built-up

25 Slum households in Sindhanur, especially woman-headed families expressed a preference for individual LCS system over public conveniences, as the latter are ill-maintained even after paying 0.50 paise per use. The poorest/BPL households were hesitant to express the need for sanitation but expressed willingness to adopt any affordable system that can be used with minimum expenditure. For the poorest households, the demand for sanitation lags behind demand for water.

Key Issues:

The key issues emerging from the survey are:

(i) Inadequate safe disposal facilities, translating into the practice of open defecation by a majority of households,

(ii) Blocking of roadside/storm drains due to disposal of night soil in the same,

(iii) Health and hygiene and environmental implications of the absence of a safe disposal system, and

(iv)Inability of the poorest households to bear capital costs, which will have implications for tariff and subsidy design.

(iii) Solid Waste Management 26 Survey results indicate that none of the sample slums have dustbin facilities. Solid waste is disposed outside the houses, into roadside drains or in any open space in the slum. There is no regular cleaning of disposed waste by the CC, creating an unhygienic environment. Women are primarily responsible for households’ solid waste disposal.

Analysis of affordability to Pay for Basic Services

27 Slum households in Sindhanur expressed their awareness of the fact that unhygienic conditions are conducive to the spread of diseases. However, none of the sample slum households expressed willingness to pay for regular cleaning of solid waste.



Key Issues:

The key issues emerging from the Baseline Survey are:

(iv) Absence of dustbin facilities in all slums,

(v) Lack of regular collection of disposed waste, and

(vi) Blocking of roadside drains, improper disposal and irregular collection, and health and hygiene implications, animal nuisance, and implications on surrounding environment.

Prospective Interventions

28 Provision of dustbins in slums, their proper sitting and improved collection efficiency will be the priorities for the sector. In addition, awareness generation among slum households on the benefits of community-managed services may be useful measures to improve the situation.

(iv) Roads and Drainage, Traffic and Transport

29 The approach roads to a majority of slums are narrow, kutcha mud tracks and lack vehicle accessibility. Open drains, predominantly unlined and uncovered are often clogged by kitchen waste and solid waste. Flooding during monsoons is a regular feature in all the slums visited. In a few slums, residents have made pits to collect excess water to avoid flooding of properties. Residents continue to dump sullage and solid waste into these drains as they lack access to other alternatives like dustbins, UGD etc. Several slums are located beside drains where sewage from other parts of the city flows.

Analysis of affordability to Pay for Basic Services

30 Most sample slum households in Sindhanur expressed the need for all weather approach roads to slums and internal roads with proper drainage facilities. However, none of the respondents indicated willingness to contribute towards these improvements.

Key Issues

The key issues emerging from the survey are:

(i) Lack of proper roadside drains,

(ii) Poor condition of approach roads due to lack of regular maintenance and absence of road side drains, and

(iii) Blocking of roadside drains due to disposal of solid waste and night soil in them.



Proposed Improvement in Basic Infrastructures Of Sindhanur Town

2.3 Sub-project Component Description

2.3.1 Slum Improvement

31 Sindhanur town is not covered under the Nirmal Jyothi Scheme of Government of Karnataka, which provides service infrastructure for water supply, sanitation, drainage, roads etc. in slums. Hence, under North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Project (NKUSIP), it is proposed to provide basic infrastructure services in slums in the town. Karnataka Slum Clearance Board (KSCB) will remain the main authority for implementation of proposed interventions under NKUSIP.

Karnataka Slum Clearance Board (KSCB) could play a pivotal role in providing water supply, sewerage system, proper access roads and internal roads to slums. In addition, cross drainage works will need to be provided, particularly in areas facing chronic flooding.

Poverty Alleviation programme under NKUSIP

32 Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the nodal executing agency (EA) responsible for implementing NKUSIP. KUIDFC is a fully owned GoK company incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956.Karnataka Slum Clearance Board (KSCB); and the city municipal council will implement the poverty alleviation component.

33. Slum up-gradation costs in Sindhanur based on available information on NJS and infrastructure requirement identified under NKUIDP is as follows. The total investment for the upgradation of slum infrastructure in the project town is Rs.263.00lakhs.

. Table : 7 total investment for up gradation of slum infrastructure

Sl. No.

Item Amount in lakhs

1 Water Supply 22.00

2 Sewerage system 32.00

3 Roads & Culverts 67.00

4 Storm Water Drains 40.00

5 Community Toilets 46.80

6 Street Lighting 2.20

7 Community Development Programme Community development activities Information Education and Communication activities CENA activities

52.80



Sl. No.

Item Amount in lakhs

Total 263.00

As per clip report the total funds allotted is Rs.263lakhs out of which Rs210.20 is for the components of water supply, sewerage, roads culvert, street lighting, storm water drains, etc., and Rs.52.80lakhs for community development activities.

Proposal of Works

34 A high level meeting was held on 30rth March’09 with the Officers of the Karnataka Slum Clearance Board for discussing and obtaining the approval to the Concept Report prepared and submitted. During the meeting it was decided that instead of utilizing the funds available in small amounts in all the slums, it is advisable to concentrate in a few identified slums. In order to utilize the funds now available under NKUSIP in an effective manner and avoid stretching of the resources it has been decided to undertake works in needy slums, mutually agreed, and make the infrastructure therein most satisfactory. Based on this works are only being proposed in 4 slums out of 19 no of slums in Sindhanur. The identified slums for taking up the works are as follows. Land use map showing the identified slums are presented in Drg -01.

1) SukalPet Janata Colony ( 104 Houses)

2) Janatha Colony ( TAPMC)

3) Dhobhi Galli slum and

4) Ganganagara Slum

35 KSCB has identified 4 slums for up-gradation of basic infrastructure such as water supply, sewerage system, roads storm water drains, street lights, and community toilet etc, under this NKUSIP.

1) SukalPet Janata Colony ( 104 Houses)

36 This slum is situated in eastern side of the of town, having population of 1629 spreads over an area of 2.5 acres. In order to improve the infrastructure in addition to the existing facilities the following components have been considered in the preparation of DPR.

Water supply; there is piped water supply system covering part of the slum area by CMC. Most of the dwellers fetch water from stand posts with single tap without proper platform. Pipe line is



not covering the entire slum area, so it proposed to lay distribution pipes for a length of 620mts in this area including replacement of old and damaged lines along with 5 no of public stand posts.

Under ground drainage system ; since under ground drainage system is not in place entire area is covered in this project.

Roads; cement concrete roads are proposed where mud roads exist with varying width from 3.5m to 4.5mts for a length of 500 mts so as to maintain uniformity over entire slum.

Storm water drains; two different sections of CC drains are proposed on both sides of the road, based on catchments and road width in order to drain storm water effectively from low lying areas through the drain and finally connecting to the main storm channel passing near by. It is proposed to construct drains for a length of 780 mts.

Street lights; as there is no proper illumination in the interior portion of the slum, it is proposed to fix up 12 no solar streets lights are proposed.

Community Toilet: as there is no community toilet, open defecation is in practice. One community toilet is proposed in this project. Dwellers are ready to manage the Operation and Maintenance with self health group which in the slum.

2) Janata Colony (TAPMC)

This slum is situated in central part of the town, having population of 1925 spreads over an area of 6.8 acres. In order to improve the infrastructure in addition to the existing facilities the following components have been considered in the preparation of DPR.

Water supply; there is piped water supply system covering part of the slum area by CMC. Most of the dwellers fetch water from stand posts with single tap without proper platform. Pipe line is not covering the entire slum area, so it proposed to lay distribution pipes for a length of 450 mts in this area including replacement of old and damaged lines along with 6 no of public stand posts.

Under ground drainage system ; since under ground drainage system is not in place entire area is covered in this project.



Street lights; as there is no proper illumination in the interior portion of the slum, it is proposed to fix up 10 no solar street lights are proposed.

Community Toilet: as there is one community toilet under construction, open defecation is in practice.



3) Dhobhi galli Slum

37 This slum is situated in central part of the town, having population of 3439 spreads over an area of 4.2 acres. In order to improve the infrastructure in addition to the existing facilities the following components have been considered in the preparation of DPR.


Under ground drainage system; since under ground drainage system is not in place entire area is covered in this project.

Roads; cement concrete roads are proposed where mud roads exist with varying width from 3.5m to 4.5mts for a length of 150mts so as to maintain uniformity over entire slum.



Community Toilet: as there is one community toilet under utilization. There is no proposal in this project.

4) Ganganagar Slum

38 This slum is situated in central part of the town, having population of 700 spreads over an area of 5 acres. In order to improve the infrastructure in addition to the existing facilities the following components have been considered in the preparation of DPR.


Under ground drainage system; since under ground drainage system is not in place entire area is covered in this project.






2.4 Investment Program Implementation Schedule

39 The Investment Program is to be implemented over an six-year period, commencing in FY

2009-10 and civil works construction starting in FY 2009-10. Complet ion is scheduled by

end FY 2015-16

2.5 Investment Program Benefits

40 In view of the lack of basic infrastructure facilities and its adverse impacts on the environment

and also on socio-economic characteristics, the proposed Investment Program aims at providing

infrastructure facilities such as adequate and safe water supply and sanitation facilities, to

overcome negative environmental impacts. Investment Program benefits and beneficiaries in the

Sindhanur are provided below.

2.5.1 Sewerage System Improvements

41 Benefits arising from the provision of a well reticulated sewerage network and safe treatment

and disposal of sewage comprise

I. Reduced incidence of water-borne diseases;

I I . Improvement in public health conditions and environmental aesthetic condition;

III. Reduction in risks of ground water contamination;

IV. Stoppage of sewage flow in open storm water drains and consequent health hazards

resulting from stagnating sewage pools;

V. Reduced risk of treated water supply contamination;

VI. Reduced risk of contamination of agricultural fields; and (viii) availability of treated effluent

for agricultural purposes.

VII. Improving living condition of Peoples.



2.6 Investment Program Alternatives

42 The environmental suitability of the proposed components are judged through the selected

location and proposed process/technology during both the construction and operation phases.

The interaction and the level of interference with the surrounding land use determine the

environmental sustainability of the Investment Program components. However, the components

proposed under NKUSIP are basic urban infrastructure services, most of which are location

fixed providing scope for alternatives only in terms of technology, which again are limited.

However, facilities such as sewage treatment plants offer variety of technologies. The following

table shows environmental suitability of the selected alternatives.



CHAPTER - III

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Environmental Profile of Sindhanur

3.1.1 Introduction

43 Sindhanur, the second largest urban center in Raichur District, is located at a distance of 390

km from State capital, Bangalore and 87 km from District headquarter Raichur. The town is the

taluk headquarters of the Sindhanur Taluk in Raichur District. The Town Municipal Council’s

jurisdiction extends up to an area of 25.55 Sq.km with 8,806 households and 61,292 populations

within 31 wards. It is one of the important educational, industrial and commercial trade centres of

the District. The agricultural development around the town is extensive due to the presence of

the Tungabhadra irrigation canal. Owing to the irrigation facilities, agro based industries are also

growing at faster rate in and around the town. In addition to this, many small scale steel industries

exist in the town.

3.1.2 Physiography

44 The whole area of Sindhanur is sloping towards Northern side. Sindhanur nalla is running in

the middle of the town. The surface soil is composed of murrum soil and black soil mixed with

granite boulders. The main minerals in the district are gold, copper, iron, feldspar granite,

sandstone, quartz, limestone etc.

3.1.3 Seismology

45 As per the seismic zoning map of India, the Sindhanur town falls under the Zone II, which is

the lowest earth quake risk zone in India. This zone is termed as “low damage risk zone”.

3.1.4 Climatic Conditions

46 The town is categorized as arid region of the state of Karnataka. The climate of the town is

characterized by dry weather during the major parts of the year and very hot in summer

temperatures are experienced during the months of March to May when mercury level goes as

high as 41.10 C.



47 The town receives southwest monsoon during the period of June to September and the

months of October and November can be termed as post monsoon period. The period between

Decembers to February can be classified as cold season and the minimum temperature is around

17.7 0 C. The town lies in the dry tract of the district, as such experience scanty rainfall. The

average annual rainfall is about 600 mm. The rainfall is mostly received during June to November

and about 60 percent of the annual rainfall is received during the months of June to September,

maximum rainfall is registered during the month of August.

Table 3.1: Mean Maximum and Mean Minimum Temperature (in o C) Month Long term normal (30 Years) – Mean 2004 (Actual) – Mean

Daily Max Daily Min Highest in a month

Lowest in a month

Max daily

Min Daily

Jan 31.7 20.3 31.4 14.2 31.4 16.9

Feb 33.6 19.6 35.7 15.9 35.9 19.2

Mar 35.4 22.3 37.8 18.1 39.7 21.8

April 38.8 23.5 41.4 21.8 39.5 26.0

May 39.1 25.8 41.1 21.6 37.3 24.9

June 34.7 25.2 36.40

20.4 34.5 24.5

July 35.3 24.4 34.7 21.9 33.5 23.7

Aug 31.3 22.5 34.0 20.7 31.7 24.3

Sep 30.7 23.0 33.9 19.6 32.2 21.5

Oct 30.5 22.3 33.00

19.4 32.1 22.3

Nov 30.2 20.6 32.7 18.2 -- --

Dec 29.7 17.2 31.9 14.4 -- --

Source: Meteorological Centre, Bangalore



Table 3.2: Climatological Characteristics of Sindhanur Month Long term normal (30 Years) –

Mean2004 – Actual

RH Max RH Min Wind Speed

Total Rainfall

Mean RH 0830 Hrs

Mean RH 1730 Hrs

Total Rainfall

% % Kmph Mm % % MmJan 72 38 4.9 0.4 69 39 0.0Feb 60 31 5.6 0.7 53 31 0.0Mar 53 27 5.9 3.3 48 25 0.0

April 56 30 6.7 25.4 57 35 71.0May 64 37 10.3 63 71 47 34.0

June 71 53 13.4 52.2 70 53 40.0July 76 62 14.1 55.6 71 55 1.8Aug 76 61 13.5 50.7 67 54 0.7

Sep 77 57 11.1 124.4 77 61 60.0

Oct 75 56 5.6 109.8 77 63 5.0 Nov 72 50 4.8 30 -- -- -- Dec 74 45 4.4 13.7 -- -- --

Source: Meteorological Centre, Bangalore

3.1.5. Demography

Table: 3.3 Demography of the Sindhanur town

Source: DPR (Detail Project Report)

Particular Details

Geographical area 25.55 Sq.km

District Raichur

Grade of Municipality Grade-II

Initial year of functioning 2007

Number of wards (2007) 31

Total population (2001) 61,292

Number of house holds (2001) 8,806

Number of Slum /households / population (2007) 19 / 7623 / 31083

Sex Ratio (2001) 840

Literacy Rate in %(2001) 67.42%



3.1.6. Sex Ratio: The average sex ratio is 677 females per 1000 males in slums, with a standard

deviation of 30.31, showing large variation among sample House holds.

3.1.7. Household Size: an average household size of 5.2 in Sindhanur slums, with a standard

deviation of 1.63 for the sample households. This figure is much lower than the average

household size of in authorized slums in Sindhanur as per Census 2001.

3.1.8Literacy rate Literacy levels in Sindhanur slums are low, with 28 percent female literacy

among the sample slum population, which is lower than male literacy at 72 percent. Total literacy

level of 53 percent for sample slum households was lower than the Census 2001 figure) for

Sindhanur Town. Education concern about 88 % male and 55 % female children in the age group

of 6-14 has enrolment in primary schools.

Table 3.4: Percentage distribution of slum population by age and education.

Age Group Illiterate Primary Secondary Graduate

M F M F M F M F

0-6 Years 2.5 1 - 2.5 - - - -

6-14 Years 0.5 2.5 8.5 3.8 3 2 - -

14-25Years 6.5 6 8.7 1,5 5 3.5 - -

25-60Years 11 15 7.8 1.2 9 3.5 1 -

>6 0Years - 1 - - - 1.5 - -

Source : DPR ( Detail Project report)

The reasons for high drop out rates in poor households in developing countries have been

studied at length (generally attributed to the trade off between income versus education)

3.1.9 Air Quality

Sindhanur is known for one of the important sector in paddy field. In Sindhanur agriculture is the

main source for their livelihood due to presence of water in huge quantity, industries like saw mills

exist in this town. There are no any major industries present in Sindhanur which resulted

generation of air pollutant in the atmosphere in maximum limit, air quality in this town experienced



well within the permissible limit and do not have any adverse effect on environment.

3.1.10 Historic and Cultural Places

48 The District of Raichur was part of Hyderabad State till the reorganization of states on 15th

November 1956. The recorded history of the district is traced as far as third century BC. The fact

that three minor rock edicts of Ashoka are found in this district, one at Maski in Lingasugur Taluk

and other two near Sindhanur prove that, this area was included in the dominion of the great

Mouryan King Ashoka (273 236 BC). During the period this region was under the Governance of

Viceroy or Mahamantri of Ashoka. The next dynasty of importance, which ruled over this region,

was that of the Chalukyas of Badami. Later Chalukyas of Kalyana ruled this region for a

significant period between 10th and 12th centuries AD. After the fall of Chalukyas, Raichur

region passed into the hands of the Kalachudi Kings. Legend says that, Vijayanagar King

Krishnadevaraya had created the town between 1509 and 1520 A.D. Later the Sultan of Bijapur,

Hyder Ali of Mysore, Nizam of Hyderabad and the British ruled this region. Subsequently, the

town becomes part of the Madras Presidency in British India.



Chapter - IV

SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

49 Potential environmental impacts of the proposed infrastructure components are presented in this section. Mitigation measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation phase is also recommended to reduce the impact. 50 Screening of potential environmental impacts is categorized into four categories considering Investment Program phases: location impacts and design impacts (pre construction phase), construction phase impacts and operations and maintenance phase impacts. (i) Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection, and include loss of on-site biophysical array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on people who will lose their livelihood or any other structures by the development of that site. (ii) Design impacts include impacts arising from project design, including technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. (iii) Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production. (iv) O & M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility. These include routine management of operational waste streams, and occupational health and safety issues. 51 Screening of environmental impacts has been based on the impact magnitude (negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree) and impact duration (temporary/permanent). Table -4.1 shows the screening of impacts; N/T represents the lowest impact while S/P represents the highest impact. Numerator represents the Degree of Impact and denominator represents the Duration of impact.

Table 4.1: Screening of Impacts -

Duration of Impact Magnitude (Degree of Impact) Negligible(N) Moderate(M) Severe(S)Temporary(T) N/T M/T S/T Permanent (P) N/P M/P S/P



Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Slums – Water Supply system

Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary

Location and Design impacts

Water use conflict may occur with

downstream users. Particularly in

dry season month.

MP

Identify and consult all downstream

users’ sufficient water for them to

continue existing water dependent

activities. Negotiate agreements with

user and the appropriate regulatory

agencies and establish controls to

ensure that water is not abstracted of

agreed volumes. Also, road side water

tank (syntax tank) shall be provided to

have continuous water supply.

ULB

Part of O & M

cost.



The increase in water supply will

increase waste water levels.

Increased waste water caused by

the increased in water supply

Since the location of rehabilitation

work will be at existing facilities,

and the existing environment is a

built environment, no design-

specific impacts are envisaged

MP

MP

N/a

Improved sanitation facilities to

accommodate increase in water use

including twin latrines, public toilets

etc.,

Improved sanitation system to

accommodate increased water supply

including new toilets, septic tank,

cleaning services and sludge drying

beds.

N/a

ULB

ULB

N/a

Part of O & M

cost.

Part of O & M

cost.

N/a



Construction Impacts

Impacts to livelihood

Road blocking due to laying of

water supply network and

increased traffic flow due to

vehicle movement for construction

activities; inconvenience

to the local community.

M/T

The laying of water line will

disturb the day to day activities of

public such as shops, residence and

also leads to un safety condition to

them.

N/T

Proposed network will be laid in

the presently un-served fringe

and extension areas. As these

areas are not densely populated

impacts due to construction

activities may not be significant.

Will compensate any business loses as

per the Resettlement Framewor.

While laying water line through narrow

streets and thick commercial

establishments, the work will be

planned to complete in short duration

and care will be taken to avoid

excavation of the entire road stretch in

these areas.

Construction material shall be

stockpiled to minimize traffic

blockages.

Poor performance of the contractor

may potentially exacerbate these

impacts and therefore qualified

Head Contractor/ULB

Head Contractor/ULB

Preparation

and

implementation

of site

management

plan.

Part of

construction

costs



Dust and noise from construction

Activities.

Waste soil and imported sand may

create dust impacting air quality

People will be inconvenienced and their health may be at risk if water supply system is shut down for long period

M/T

Due to dry climatic condition the

dust generation may be

Considerable. No major

noise generating activities

envisaged.

N/T

N/T

Frequent water sprinkling program

will undertake to suppress the dust.

Remove waste quickly, cover spray stock piles, sprinkling of water to avoid dust pollution, only bring sand ( for backfill) to site when needed

Plan work program to keep shutdown to minimum, provide alternative water to affected residents inform communities to any shutdown in advance.

Head

Contractor/CMC

Head Contractor/ULB

Head contractor / CMC

Part of

construction

costs

Part of

construction costs

Part of

construction costs



Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Loss of forest trees and vegetation

Impact on topography and slope

stability

Disposal of excavated material

MT

MT

Avoid tree cutting to extend possible and

plant 25 sampling for every tree cut.

Construction activities to avoid steep

slopes and landside prone areas.

Excessive excavated materials to be

disposed at designated place.

Contractor

Contractor

Contractor

Part of

construction cost.

.Part of

construction cost.

Part of

construction cost.

Environmental impacts from

construction workers camp

MT

Where sites/camps are set up, the

contractor will see that proper sanitation (

toilets, solid waste management) systems

are in place: potable drinking water

provided: kerosene to be provided at

reduced rate for cooking: gambling, liquor

and illicit relationship banned, contractor

will be required ( as per his contract) to

ensure clean up of site back to original pre

project condition.

Contractor

Part of

construction cost.



Trenching could damage other

infrastructure

Shops may lose income if

customers access is impeded

MT

MT

Confirm location of infrastructure to avoid

these sites.

Compensate business for lost income (as

per Resettlement framework). Leave

spaces for access between mounds of soil.

Private bridges to allow people & vehicles

to cross trench. Increase workforce in these

areas to finish work quickly, inform

shopkeepers of work in advance.

Contractor

Contractor

Part of

construction cost.

Part of

construction cost.



Sites of social / cultural importance

(school, hospitals, temples, tourism

sites) may be disturbed by noise,

dust vibration and impeded access

Workers and the public are at risk

from accidents on site .

Economic benefits if local people

are employed in contractor

workforce

MT

MT

MP

dentify building at risk from vibration

damage and avoid using pneumatic drills or

heavy vehicles nearby, remove waste

quickly , cover / spray stockpiles, import

sand only when needed, cover soil sand on

trucks, increase workforce to finish work

quickly. Use bridges to allow access (

peoples/ vehicles). Consult relevant

authorities, custodians of buildings, local

people to address issues and avoid work at

sensitive times. No construction at night

and early morning hours. Public to be

notified of any loud noise and vibration.

Prepare and implement a site Health and

Safety plan that include measures to :

Exclude the public from all construction

sites. Ensure that workers use personal

protective equipment. Provide Health &

Safety training for all personnel: follow

documented procedures for all site

activities: and keep accident reports and

records.

Provide employment to local particularly

affected person identified in resettlement

Contractor

Contractor

Head Contractor/ULB

Part of

construction cost.

Part of

construction cost.

Part of construction cost.



O& M Impacts Occupational health and safety of

workers and locals

M/T

Provide provision for safety measures in

design stage. Training of workers on

contractor Part on

construction

Risk of contaminated water in

the distribution system.

M/S Prepare and operate H & S plan with

same measures in design stage. Training

of workers on safety measures to be

taken.

Contractor Part of

construction

Costs

Inadequate disposal of sludge

treatment plants will cause

nuisance to public health

M/P

Safe sludge handling methods shall be

employed – personnel protection

equipment such as gloves, boots shall be

provided. Any sludge produced will be

delivered to the sludge drying beds via

open bed trucks covered with tarpaulin.

Testing of sludge for contaminants will

be done by government laboratories. If

sludge found to contain alum other or

other contaminates after testing, it can be

land filled.

Contractor

Part of

construction

Costs



Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Slums - Sewerage & Sanitation works


Pollution and health

hazards due to improper sludge

disposal

methods

M/P

Quantity of sludge generation will be

considerable. Contaminated work area may

cause health hazards.

Safe sludge handling methods shall

be employed - Personal protection

equipment such as gloves, boots,

shall be provided. Sludge shall be

dried in drying beds before its

disposal. This sludge may be used

as manure for non- food crops or

land filled.

ULB Part of O &

M costs

Mixing of non-municipal

wastewater may interfere with the

treatment process.

N/P

Possibility of mixing of industrial effluent

is very low as there are no industries in the

sewerage zones with problematic

discharges.

Wastewater from industries shall

not be allowed to enter the sewers.

In case of discharges into sewers

the effluent shall confirm to the

CPCB/KSPCB

standards:

• BOD < 350 mg/l

• pH – 5.5 – 9.0

• Suspended solids < 600 mg/l

• Arsenic(as As). <0.2

• Mercury (As Hg), mg/l, max.0.01

• Lead (as Pb) mg/l, max 1.0

• Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l, max 1.0

• Copper (as Cu)mg/l, max. 3.0

KSPCB N/a.



Impacts due to illegal

tapping of sewage for irrigation

purpose from trunk sewers:

.

M/P

Trunk sewers traverse agricultural fields.

Illegal tapping was observed. Probable

contamination of agricultural lands and

groundwater; potential hazards due to

entering of contaminants into food chain.

Impact on the working condition of the STP

due to reduced inflow

Illegal tapping of sewage from

the sewer lines shall not be

allowed. Regular maintenance

and constant check would reduce

the problem.

ULB Part of O &

M costs

Nuisance and pollution of

ground/surface water due to

over flowing/choking of sewers.

M/P

Irrigation canals traverse the town and the

groundwater depth is shallow in the

northern part of the town

Regular maintenance will nullify

the impact.

ULB Part of O &

M costs

Human health risks and

contamination of soil and

groundwater due to leaking sewers

MT

Sewer leaks shall be detected and

repaired rapidly and effectively

ULB

Part of O & M

costs



Impact on business income if

customer’s access is impeded by

network repair works

Discharge of hazardous materials

into sewers, resulting in damage to

sewer system and danger to

Workers. Mixing of Industrial

Waste water with sewage.

Wherever level permits, sewer line

proposed in slum area shall be

connected to the proposed sewer

line for city and if the level is not

permitted, those areas shall be

connected to the proposed

community toilets which will be

connected to the septic tank. The

sludge settled in Septic tank shall

be periodically removed.

MP

ST

M/P

Treatment process in the Septic tank will be

significantly affected Health risk to the

sewer workers due to toxic effluent and

gases.

Spaces shall be left for access

between mounds of soil.

• Planks shall be provided to allow

people & vehicles to cross trench.

• Workforce shall be increased in

these areas to finish work quickly.

• Shopkeepers will be informed of

work in advance

The rules and regulation will be

strictly implemented to avoid

mixing of industrial waste

stream/hazardous waste with

sewage in sewer system.

Sludge will be dried and tested for

absence of bacteria and pathogens

Dried sludge will be sold to farmers

to fertilize land along with the STP

sludge.

ULB

KSPCB & ULB

ULB

Part of O & M

costs

Part of O & M

costs

Part of O & M

costs



Economic benefits to local people

by Project

Discharge of insufficiently treated

wastewater to water

MP

M/T

Periodic monitoring of treated

effluent will be carried out. A water

quality-testing laboratory will be

provided.

H&S Plan shall be prepared and

operated with same measures as

used in construction phase

ULB

ULB

Part of

Construction

and operation

Cost

Part of O &M

costs



Table 4.4 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Slums - Roads Up gradation


Location Impacts No location impacts are envisaged as the

Proposed activities do not encroach into

any sensitive land uses nor does it involve

any land acquisition.

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

Design Impacts Acquisition of land/structure is not

envisaged. No trees will be cut as part of

the Investment Program.

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

Construction Impacts Disturbance to informal commercial

activities during construction.

N/T

No Hawkers and vendors were

observed. A detailed survey will be

conducted at the design stage to identify

hawkers and vendors

Temporary relocation of

hawkers

and vendors; followed by

reinstatement of original

premises when the work is

completed.

ULB As part of RP

costs

Disturbance due to construction activities

Road block and increase in traffic on the

alternative routes and traffic congestion

N/T

Low levels of traffic was observed

in the slums on the proposed roads

N/a N/a N/a



Nuisance due to noise. M/T

Proposed roads pass through slum areas

(residential area).

Noise limits for construction

equipments such as

compactors, rollers shall not

exceed 75 dB(A), as specified

by CPCB. High noise

generating activities, if any,

shall not be carried out during

the nights.

Head Contractor N/a.

Dust nuisance. M/T

Proposed roads pass through

residential areas. Due to dry

weather condition dust nuisance

may be considerable.

Dust suppression activities

such as water sprinkling shall

be employed.

Head Contractor Part of

constructio

n costs

Public and worker safety N/T Provide caution and

signboards.

Personal protection equipment

such as gloves, boots, shall be

provided to the workers.

Head Contractor

/CMC

Part of

constructio

n costs



Table 4.5 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Drainage Upgradation Impact Description Significance of

the ImpactMitigation Measures Implementatio

nPreliminary Costing

Location Impacts No location impacts are envisaged asthe proposed activities are carried out within the existing set-up.

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

Design Impacts N/a. N/a.No loss or encroachment of cultural or historical properties is envisaged.

N/a. N/a. CMC Area N/a.

Construction Impacts Impact to “ livelihoods due to disruption during construction” “ the construction of drains will disturb the day to day activities of public such as shops, residence and also lead to un safety condition to them Exposure of workers to contaminated soil during desilting and exactions

M/T

will compensate any business losses as per the resettlement framework. And maintain assess to business (shops) people by providing planks/ makeshifts pathways etc. while lying sewers through narrow street and thick commercial establishment the work will be planned to complete in short duration and care will be taken to avoid excavation of the entire road stretch in these areas. Construction material shall be stockpiled. Adequate arrangement for traffic diversion including erection of proper sign boards. Dust shall be suppressed by frequently sprinkling water. Reputed standard make equipment shall be used complied with standard stipulated by PCB to ensure noisewell within the limit. High noise making activity will be restricted in day time only. Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan

Head contractor

Part of construction costs



Disturbance to traffic due to storage of construction material/waste and material transport vehicles and other equipment.

M/T Construction material shall be Stockpiled to minimize traffic blockages.

Head contractor N/a.

Nuisance due to noise N/T N/a. N/a. N/a.Dust nuisance.

Excavation of trenches will produce large amounts of waste soil

Traffic may be disrupted by soil and vehicle on road

M/T Due to dry weather conditions of the Area, the dust generated due to the construction activity may be significant.

MP

MT

Dust suppression activities such as water sprinklingshall be employed. Frequent vehicle maintaince shall undertake to ensure smooth movement of vehicles to avoid any noise, smoke pollution. no soil spill during transportation of soil at construction site to curb to curb the increased dust emission due to vehicular movement. Daily inspection at construction site shall be carried out to ensure removal of construction debris. dust sealed truck shall be used for transportation of earth.

Find beneficial uses for waste soil in construction, land raising and infilling of excavated areas.

Keep soil, vehicles, machinery off road when possible

If work will affect road, conduct when traffic is light.

Ensure police provide warning sign / diversion if needed.

Head contractor

Contractor

Contractor

Part of construction costs



Impacts due to disposal ofcontaminated silt

N/T N/a. N/a. N/a.

Pollution and silt loading of waterbodies

N/T N/a. N/a. N/a.

Public and worker safety N/T N/a. N/a. N/a.



Excavation could damage otherinfrastructure

Economic benefit if local people are employed in contractors workforce

S/P

MT

Determine location of water pipes, electricity pylons etcand design scheme to avoid damage. Locate different infrastructure on opposite site of road.

Contractor should employs at least 50 % of workforce from communities in vicinity of construction sites

Design consultant Design consultancy

Contractor

Operation Impacts Silting and pollution of waterbodies due to non-clearance of construction work site

M/T Ensure clearing of debris/waste and material from the drainage bed and from the banks before pressing into operation.

CMC Area N/a.



Chapter V

INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

5.1 Institutional Requirements

52 Nodal Executing Agency (EA): Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance

Corporation (KUIDFC) is the nodal executing agency (EA) responsible for implementing NKUSIP.

Investment Program implementation activities will be monitored by KUIDFC through a separate

Investment Program Management Unit (IPMU), which will be set-up within KUIDFC. The

Managing Director/KUIDFC will head the IPMU and will be assisted by an Executive Director to

oversee the Investment Program progress. A team of senior technical, administrative and

financial officials will assist the Executive Director in controlling and monitoring project

implementation activities. KUIDFC will establish IPMU offices at four locations (in Bellary,

Dharwad, Belgaum and Gulbarga) in the Investment Program area. All Investment Program

decisions will be made by the Executive Director who shall operate from the IPMU, Dharwad;

only interactions with GoK, GoI and ADB shall be conducted through the KUIDFC office at

Bangalore.

53 Implementing Agency (IA). Implementation Agencies (IA) will oversee sub-project

component implementation at the sub-project towns, where the Investment Program ULB will

implement sub-project components. The responsibilities of the IA shall include (i) carrying out

detailed surveys, investigations and engineering designs of individual infrastructure components;

(ii) tendering, evaluating bids and awarding works, contract administration, supervision and

quality control; (iii) measuring works carried out by the contractors and certifying payments; (iv)

conducting public awareness campaigns and participation programs, (v) carrying out

environmental assessments; and (vi) preparing monthly reports. The Investment Program

Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment Program ULB in all the aforesaid activities; in the

case of other IAS, the PC shall proof check designs and quality check construction quality.

` 54 Thus, the responsibility fulfilling environmental requirements of GoI/GoK (for the project-

components of STP,) and conducting required level of environmental assessment as per ADB

guidelines lies with the borrowing ULB. The Investment Program Consultants will assist the ULB

in this regard. The IEE/EIA reports prepared by ULB will be reviewed by the IPMU as per the



ADB’s Environmental Guidelines and forwarded to ADB for review and approval. In case of IEE

reports, the ADB could delegate approval of IEE reports fully to the IPMU after reviewing the first

two reports. However, all the EIA reports shall be sent to ADB for approval.

55 The mitigation measures identified through IEE/EIA are incorporated into the project cycle.

Mitigation measures, which are implemented by the Contractor, shall form part of the Contract

Documents. The other mitigation measures are undertaken by the ULB (itself or in assistance

with Investment Program Consultants) as specified in the IEE.

5.2 INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING

Institutional strengthening will be undertaken to achieve the goals of the project

including sound environmental management. Steps to be taken are discussed under

the following sub-headings:

Organisation and Staffing;

Environmental Training;

Monitoring and Reporting; and

Record-keeping.

5.2.1 Organisation and Staffing

56 The implementation of mitigation measures requires supervision by adequately

trained staff within the Project Implementation Unit (PIU). The PIU will nominate one

of its officers to act as Environmental Officer (EO), to formally address environmental

issues on a routine basis, who will have an oversight of environmental aspects of the

construction contracts, including the enforcement of all monitoring provisions, the

locations of construction and labour camps, etc. Before the commencement of

construction, the EO will receive training in the environmental issues associated with

STP construction and maintenance projects. The EO will also organize the training

programs. Main duties of the EO will include:

Review of bids to ensure their adherence to the environmental specifications and

the requirements of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).



Collection and dissemination of relevant environmental documents including

amendments to environmental protection acts issued by various agencies such as the

Asian Development Bank (ADB), World Bank and other concerned organisations.

Co-ordination with government departments on environmental issues and

obtaining the necessary clearances from the regulatory authorities.

Monitoring the environmental aspects during construction to ensure that the

environmental requirements of the contract and the mitigation measures proposed in

the EMP are implemented.

Supervising contractors and preparation of environmental input to the quarterly

progress report.

5.2.2 Monitoring and Reporting Procedures

57 The EO shall ensure monitoring of various environmental parameters during the

implementation of the project. The EO will visually assess contractor’s practices.

Observations of EO and compliance thereupon shall be documented as part of normal

contract monitoring. Regular monitoring of dust control, soil conservation practices,

management of borrow/quarry area will also be carried out as provided in the contract

document.

5.2.3 Record Keeping

58 Monitoring form should be devised for use. The form should focus attention on

environmental issues and provide feedback for the future stages of the work.

Mitigation and enhancement measures will explicitly make part of the construction

contracts documents so that the compliance is measurable and readily documented.

Daily project diaries would record environmental problems (spills, dust etc.) as well as

safety related incidents and will be retained as part of contract management

documents. These reports would be included in Quarterly Progress Reports provided

to the funding agency (ADB) as well.

5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

59 Environmental Monitoring Program is a vital process of any management plan of

the development project. This helps in signalling the potential problems resulting from

the proposed project and will allow for prompt implementation of corrective measures.



The environmental monitoring will be required during construction and operational

phases. The following parameters need to be monitored:

- Rehabilitation and Resettlement Program,

- Afforestation,

- Soil conservation,

- Borrow Area Conservation, and - Sanitation and Waste Disposal.

5.3.1 Rehabilitation and Resettlement Program

60 The Rehabilitation and Resettlement Program needs to be monitored during the project

construction phase. The entire program is supposed to be completed before operation

phase. Sufficient care needs to be taken to ensure that money reaches the project-affected

people. The quality of life of rehabilitated people should not fall below their present status.

Details of such program have been presented in separate Social Impact Assessment report.

5.3.2 Afforestation

61 Afforestation for the proposed project will commence before the start of the project cycle.

The Forest Department of Government of Karnataka will implement the afforestation

program. Trees shall be planted along the railway line inside the right of way (ROW) as

soon as construction work is over.

5.3.3 Soil Conservation

62 Soil erosion rates, water sediment load, effectiveness of soil conservation measures,

changes in soil texture and structure should be monitored at frequent intervals, during

construction and operation phase..

5.3.4 Borrow area Conservation

63 Restoration of borrow areas will be monitored from time to time by construction

supervision engineer with the progress of works in full compliance with the contractual

obligations. The excavation and restoration of borrow areas and their surroundings, in an

environmentally sound manner to the satisfaction of the supervising engineer, is required to

be done by the contractor before final acceptance and payment under the terms of contract.



Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities

Investment Program Phase

Activity Details Responsible Agency

Pre construction phase

Investment Program Categorization

Reviewing the REA and assigning project category (Ea/Eb/Ec) based onNKUSIP Environmental Assessment Guidelines and ADB Guidelines

IPMU

Conducting EA Conducting IEE/EIA based on the project categorization Conducting Public Consultation and information disclosure

Preparation of SIEE/SEIA

Investment Program Consultants

Investment Program

Fulfilling GoK/GoI requirement such as clearances from otherGovernment

ULB

Review of EIA/IEE Reviewing the EIA/IEE and SEIA/SIEE Reports to ensure compliance of the report as per ADB Guidelines and approval of the same

IPMU

Disclosure of SEIA/SIEE Information disclosure -SIEE/SEIA reports should be made available to the public, and on request IEE/EIA also made available.

ULB

Incorporation of mitigation measures into Investment

Incorporation of necessary mitigation measures identified in IEE/EIA in project design and in contract documents.


Review of design

Review of design and contractual documents for compliance of mitigation measures

IPMU

Construction Phase

Implementation of mitigation

Implementation of necessary mitigation measures Contractor

Monitoring Environmental monitoring as specified in monitoring plan during construction stage; monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures


Preparation of progress reports

Preparation of monthly progress reports to be submitted to IPMU including a section on implementation of the mitigation measures

ULB in assistance of PC

Review of progress IPMU to review the progress reports, consolidate and send to ADB IPMU



Investment Program Phase

Activity Details Responsible Agency

Operation Stage

Environmental Monitoring Conducting environmental monitoring, as specified in the environmental monitoring plan.

ULB

Compliance Monitoring Compliance monitoring to review the environmental performance of sub- project component, if required and as specified in Monitoring

KSPCB



5.4 Training Needs 64 As described in the above table the IPMU will involve in monitoring the Investment Program implementation while the ULB will implement the Investment Program. It is therefore important that these agencies and particularly the officials involved in the Investment Program to have understanding of the ADBs environmental assessment procedures and also of environmental issues of various urban infrastructure components. As far as implementation of mitigation measures on site is concerned the Contractor will be involved. Hence, it is important to orient the contractors and supervisory staff towards the implementation of mitigation measures and their consequences. Hence, considering the existing capabilities of the agencies involved in NKUSIP, the following training program is suggested. The following table presents the suggested training program.

Table 5.2: Training Needs (2009 – 2015) Description Contents Schedule ParticipantsProgram 1 Orientation Program / Workshop for and Implementing Agency and Executing Agency

Module 1 – Orientation • Investment Program Cycle of

NKUSIP

• ADBs Environmental Assessment Guidelines

• EA requirements of NKUSIP

• Indian Environmental Laws & Regulations relating to urban infrastructure project

• Environmental impacts of urban infrastructure projects

Module 2 Environmental Assessment Process • Project categorization as per ADB • IEE/EIA process, Formats and

Reports • Identification of Environmental

Impacts • Identification Mitigation Measures • Formulation of Environmental

Management Plan • Implementation and Monitoring • Summary EIA/IEEs • Review of EIA/IEE reports to comply

with ADB requirements • Incorporation of mitigating measures in

the project design and contracts

2 days • IPMU officials involved in the project

• ULB officials involved in project implementation

Program - 2 Orientation Program / Workshop for Contractors and Supervisory staff

Module 1 Implementation of Mitigation Measures • Environmental issues related urban

infrastructure projects during construction • Implementation of mitigation

measures • Monitoring of implementation

1 day • Contractors involved in NKUSIP

• Supervisory staff of ULB



Program - 3 Experience Sharing

Module – Experiences and Best Practices • Experiences on implementation in terms

of environmental concerns of implemented projects

• Best Practices followed

1 day (every alternative year from the start of project, i.e. 2009)

• IPMU officials

• ULB officials

• Local NGOs

5.5 Environmental Monitoring Plans

65 The following tables indicate the recommended environmental monitoring programs for sub-project components in Sindhanur. The monitoring program has been developed based on the impacts identified on various environmental parameters in the earlier section.



Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Slums - Water Supply Rehabilitation

Mitigation Measures Location Measurement Frequency Responsibility Preliminary

Design Stage Monitoring

Water quality (all parameters, particularly

faecal colliform )

Kabini river at

the intake point.

One time before

final design stage.

MoU between ULBS and other downstream

communities

Signed

agreement

One time before

final design stage.

Safe intake sites with minimum risk of

pollution adequate source and intake

protection measures.

Proposed intake

sites

One time before

final design stage .

Paid compensation and rehabilitation

measures for land acquisition before civil

contract award.

Survey of APS At the time of civil

contract award.

All design of component include proper

consideration of environment ( i.e. water and

air quality, noise pollution sludge

management )

Proposed design

of DSC.

One time before final

design phase.

Avoiding / minimising tree cutting. Proposed

designs of DSC


design phase.

Design of occupational safety measures. Proposed design

of DSC


design phase.

Training program for staff by consultants. -- As needed before and

during

i l i



Construction Stage Monitoring

Construction Stage

All construction related Mitigation Measures:

Construction site management plan to control

the dust and noise nuisance, and road blocks.

N/a

Incorporation of mitigation

measures in the contract

documents

Verification of Contract

Documents before signing the

contract.

One-off inspection of

contract document.

PMU

Part of

construction costs

Implementation of Construction site

management plan providing access to

businesses during pipe lying, etc.

(i) Noise & dust nuisance at site,

(ii) Traffic Maintain ace

(iii) Impact to Livelihood

Pipe Laying sites

and

surroundings.

Monitoring of air quality is

not required. Ensure the

implementation of mitigation

measures such as spraying of

water; assess the situation

through visual inspection and

interviews with local people,

usage of standard equipment

complying with CPCB Noise

standard for construction

equipment.

Weekly Contractor and

ULB with the

assistance of

Investment

Program

Consultant.

Operation stage Check for blockage and leakage problems;

reducing the water losses.

Distribution line

& Transmission

line.

Percentage of water losses Yearly twice (once

during normal

season and once

during lean season)

ULB Part of O & M

costs



Implementation of the Sludge Management

Plan - Check for health hazards due to sludge

handling.

N/a Health check for WTP staff Yearly once ULB Part of O & M

Costs.

Regular O & M water treatment facilities Inspection of facilities By annual

Water quality ( TSS, pH, Temperature,

BOD5, COD , E- coli)

Drinking water at taps and

reservoirs.

Parameters location

and frequency

according to the

national drinking

water quality

standards and

implementation

guidelines.

Residual chlorine is sufficient to assure the

potability of water supply at the household

tap as well as to assure no over chlorination.

Measured throughout the

distribution network

particularly at point furthest

from the chlorination point..

Bi- annually

Training and operation supervision of system

t ff

Survey of staff Bi- annually

Handling and dosages of chlorine and lime Treatment plant inspection Quarterly

Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Drainage Up gradation

Mitigation Measures

Parameters to beMonitored

Location Measurement Frequency Responsibility PreliminaryCosting

Construction Stage



Check for dust nuisance

Incorporation ofmitigation measures in the contract documents

N/a. Inspection of contractdocuments

One-offinspection before signingthe contract

IPMU IPMU stafftime as required

Dust nuisance Construction worksites of primary drains;

Ensure theimplementation of mitigation measures such as spraying of water; assess the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people

Weekly CMC Area withthe assistance of Investment Program Consultants

Part ofconstruction costs

Operation stage

No significant impacts envisaged.

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.



Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Roads Up gradation Mitigation Measures

Parameters tobe

Location Measurement Frequency Responsibility PreliminaryCosting

MitigationMeasures

Preconstruction Stage. (No significant impacts envisaged)

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

Construction Stage Check for dust nuisance

Incorporation ofmitigation measures in the contract documents

N/a. Inspection of contractdocuments

One-offinspection of before signing the contract

IPMU IPMU stafftime as required

Dust and noisenuisance

Work sites ofroad improvements with in the town

Monitoring of airquality and noise is not required. Ensure the implementation of mitigation measures (usage of standard equipment complying to Noise levels of CPCB, spraying of water to arrest dust);assess the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people

Weekly CMCSindhanur with the assistance of Investment Program Consultants

Part ofconstruction costs

Operation stage No significant impacts

N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.

NKUSIP (Package IV – Bellary) Tranche II Sub Projects in Sindhanur Town

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE Report)


Table : 5.6 Sample Estimated Environmental Costs

No. Item Cost ( Rs)

A. Monitoring during Operation Period

I. Air monitoring

32000

II. Noise monitoring

8000

III. Water sampling , Waste water quality testing

60,000

B. Training Cost. Program 1

4000

Program 2

4000

Program 3

4000

C. Other

1. Group discussion 5000

2) Health check up for workers

60000

Total

177000




Chapter VI

PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

6.1 Overview 66 Public consultation is an open group discussion which allows peoples to express their concern

and views over project and that make aware to proponent to have a rigid control measures and

management plan in order to ensure likely environmental impacts well within the stipulated norms.

Public consultation involved focus group discussion. The people residing along the project activity

areas were consulted during site visits and due discussion were made regarding the proposals A

number of consultation meetings were held during the process of the project preparation exercise.

Participants include: the Commissioner, AEE, AE, CMC, Sindhanur town. Also meeting have been

conducted with Councillors, NGOs, local public, project affected persons. These consultations

were conducted at various levels (such as project level sub project level, component level etc.)

Peoples of Sindhanur town shows their keen interest in the project as they know

implementation of this project will improve living condition and enhance aesthetic environment

of surrounding. Public who’s practical oriented expressed their concern on interfere in public

activities, disturbance of traffic during construction works , generation of dust and noise

because of uses of high sound making equipment and construction works. the people residing

along the project activity were requested for precautionary and preventive measures in order

to reduce ardour and nuisance which may result by sewage treatment plant while operations.

Fig: 6.1: photos of public consultation




Table 6.1 Public Comments & Mitigation measures

SI No Date Location Comments from local publ Proposed mitigation(A) Pipe line works

17.08.2009 Public place in Sindhanur

The public expressed their concern regarding the disturbance in public activities due to construction works such as generation of dust, noise due to construction machineries, traffic diversion, and breakage of existing services.

Dust generation shall be arrested by water spraying.

Ensure usage of standard equipment to reduce the noise nuisance. Equipment shall comply with the noise levels of construction equipment laid out by the CPCB. High noise generating activities including material unloading shall be avoided during nights. The surrounding people shall be informed, especially in densely populated area, of nature and schedule of the high noise generating activities, if any.

Adequate arrangements

for traffic diversions including erection of proper sign boards.

Highly Qualified contractor

will be engaged to execute the work in proper way and specific conditions shall be imposed in the contract to take safety measures.

Public demanded for advance notice before construction and proper warning signs along the

construction area to avoid accidents and inconvenience. It was demanded for a strong operation

and maintains ace system in place for there proposed sewer network for its best functioning to

have the maximum health and aesthetic benefits.

Grievance Redress Committee (GRC)

67. Grievances will first be brought to the attention of the implementing NGO. Grievances not

redressed by the NGO will be brought to the grievance redress committee (GRC)established in

each Investment Program district. The GRC process is designed to be transparent, gender

responsive, culturally appropriate and commensurate to the risks and adverse impacts of the




project, as well as readily accessible to all segments of the affected people. Affected people

are to be appropriately informed about the mechanism through media and public outlets. This

participatory process shall ensure that all views of the people are adequately reviewed and

suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process.65.

A District Level Project Steering Committee (DLPSC) headed by the Concerned District

Commissioner (DC) has been established under the NKUSIP project vide GO: No N. A.E. 45

PRJ 04 dated 18/06/04 for 21 towns. In addition to the functions of the committee, Grievance

redress was included as additional functions vide GO: No. N. A. E. 167 PRJ05 dated 22/09/05

for the same towns and for the additional two towns of NKUSIP Package IV – Sindhanur, which

were included. Later the DLPSC was established along the function of grievance redress vide

GO: No. N. A. E124 PRJ 2007, dated29/11/07, hence a grievance redress mechanism is in

place for the project.




Chapter - VII

FINDING AND RECOMMENDATION 7.1. Findings

68 Based on the screening of environmental impacts, all the proposed sub-project components in Sindhanur are found to be environmentally acceptable and therefore able to proceed to the implementation phase. In most cases, particular environmental issues identified are those that are typical for the type of component, and a range of proven mitigation strategies exist to address them. Table 7.1 indicates the environmental consideration of the proposed infrastructure components. Table 7.1: Environmental Issues of Proposed Infrastructure Components

Infrastructure

Component

Environmental Impact Issue Environmental Mitigations

Drainage upgradation

• Sludge handling and disposal • Construction impacts

Appropriate mitigation measuresas suggested

Water Supply Rehabilitation

• No significant issues • Construction and operation impacts


Upgradation of roads • No significant issues • Construction and operation impacts


Street lightings • No significant issues • Construction and operation impacts

-

. As described above, most impacts are relevant to typical construction and operation. The important sets of mitigation measures, which are relevant to most of the components, include preparation of activity plans using appropriate mitigation measures identified in the earlier sections. These activity plans include: • Construction Site Management Plan (to address construction impacts); • Sludge Management and Disposal Plan (to address sludge handling and disposal impacts). • Occupational Safety Plan (to address the health related impacts for sanitary workers) These activity plans should be prepared by the ULB associated by Investment Program Consultants as compendium of the relevant mitigation measures identified in earlier section. They should form part of the contractual arrangements with construction contractors, or directly implemented by the CMC as facility operator, as required ‘Work Practices’. 7.2 Recommendations

69 It is recommended that the PMU should be involved in monitoring the implementation of




those components that are critical to acceptable environmental performance of the component. Owing to the location of proposed facilities and geographical setting of the town/region as a whole, no major impacts envisaged from any of the proposed sub- components projects in Sindhanur. In view of this importance, the PMU is delegated with the monitoring responsibility of the design stage to ensure the environmental sustainability of the NKUSIP.




Chapter VIII VIII. CONCLUSIONS 70 The proposed components should proceed through to design and implementation, subject to mitigation measures and monitoring programs identified in the IEE. Owning to the nature and scale of the proposed components in slums in Sindhanur, it may be emphasized that the present IEE, which identifies potential impacts and suggests appropriate mitigation measures, is sufficient enough to safeguard the environment. There are no significant adverse impacts, which are irreversible or may lead to considerable loss/destruction of environment, envisaged. All the impacts are simple and moreover proven mitigation measures exists to minimize/mitigate the same. Hence, no further study such as an EIA is required.




AAPENDIX 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist Country / project Title: India / North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program.

Sector Division Urban Development

………………………………………………………………………………………………

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

B. Project Siting

Is the project area

Densely populated √

Heavy with development activities √

Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive area

Cultural heritage site √

Protected area √

Instructions:

This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of project. it to be attached to the environmental categorization from that it is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance officer of the Regional and sustainable Development Department.

This checklist id to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department

This checklist focuses on environmental issue and concerns. To ensure that the social dimensions are adequately considered. Refer also to ADB checklist and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement (ii) indigenous peoples planning (iii) poverty reduction (iv) participation and (v() gender and development.

Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remark” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

SEWAGE TREATMENT




Wetland √

Mangrove √

Estuarine √

Buffer zone of protected area √

Special area for protecting biodiversity √

Bay √

A. Potential Environmental Impact Will the project cause…..

`

Impairment of historical / cultural monuments / areas and loss/ damage to the sites?

√

Interference with other utilities and blockage of access to buildings nuisance to neighboring areas due to noise, smell and influx of insects rodents etc?

√ During construction stage traffic and human activities may affected temporarily due to generation of dust and noise from mechanical equipments. Adequate measure will be taken by skirling of water to minimize dust and traffic management plan with sign board. Machinery with standard reputed make adopted that will itself taker care of noise.

Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people?

√ No any dislocation or involuntary resettlement envisaged in a project.

Impairment of downstream water quality due to in adequate sewage treatment or release of untreated sewage?

√ The proposed Facultative Aerated Lagoon system is designed to meet the discharge norms of inland surface water as suggested by Central Pollution Control Board. It is suggested that proposed system will be properly maintained to ensure efficiency of treatment.

Overflows and flooding of neighboring properties with raw sewage. ?

√ Periodic maintenance of sewer lines has been suggested in the EMP to avoid overflowing and flooding of neighboring properties.




Environmental pollution due to inadequate sludge disposal or industrial waste discharge illegally disposed in sewer?

√ Sludge disposal will be carried out in frequently say once in a 6 month. Sludge disposal will be restricted in a confined space to avoid surface and soil pollution.

Noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil works?

√ Construction machineries used in a construction will be standard reputed made comply with noise level standard prescribed by pollution control board.

Discharge of hazardous material into sewers, resulting in damage to sewer system and danger to workers ?

√ It is suggested in EMP that Sindhanur CMC has to ensure that no hazardous waste will be illegally discharged in to sewer lines.

Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and treatment plats to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances, and protect facilities?

√ Buffer zone with screen and landscaping is suggested to provide proper shielding such that operation of STP will not have nuisance to surrounding.

Social conflicts between construction workers from other areas and community workers?

√ The local labour force will be utilized by the contractor for construction activities and hence there are no possibilities for social conflict regarding employment opportunities during construction phase.

Road blocking and temporary flooding due to land excavation during the rainy season?

√ Road blocking and traffic re routing has been envisaged during construction stage of sewer lines. Temporary flooding is not anticipated as there is no deep excavation or filling of low laying area envisaged in the project.

Noise and dust construction activities? √ Construction machineries will be reputed make which will itself take care of noise moreover these machineries will be comply with standards stipulated by Central pollution Control board. Water sprinkling program will be suggested to ensure minimize of dust generated.

Traffic disturbances due to construction material transport and waste?

√ Traffic management with re routine of traffic during construction period is




required to avoid conflict of public transport with construction material.

Temporary silt runoff due to construction?

√ The construction waste water will be channeled such that it will have sufficient time to settle the solid and do not deteriorate water quality of discharging courses.

Hazards to public health due to overflow flooding and ground water pollution due to failure of sewage system?

√ Regular maintenance of sewer line has been suggested to avoid overflow of sewer li9ne and related impact on public health due to pollution.

Chances of failure sewage system will be less and in extreme case care will be taken by diverting sewage in nearby nalas and rectified defects quickly to take system in working.

Deterioration of water quality due to inadequate sludge disposal or direct discharge of untreated sewage water?

√ Sludge from sludge drying bed will be removed at regular interval to avoid re – suspension in the treated water and there by deteriorating treated water quality. Direct discharge of untreated sewage water is not anticipated.

Contamination of surface and ground water due to sludge disposal on land?

√ Sludge will be disposed of in a confined area the sludge disposal area should be properly lined with geosynthetic lining such that it will not leach to the nearby water courses / and pollute environment.

Health and safety hazards to workers from toxic gases and hazardous material which may be contained in sewage flow and exposures to pathogens in sewage and sludge?

√ Mixing of hazardous / industrial effluent with sewage may result in sewer and STP which should be avoided through proper law and enforcement.

The sewer cleaning and STP workers should be provided protective measures such as boots masks etc. to avoid exposure to pathogens in sewage and sludge.




APPENDIX 2: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist

Country / project Title: India / North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program.

Sector Division Urban Development

………………………………………………………………………………………………

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

B. Project Siting

Is the project area

Densely populated √

Heavy with development activities √

Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive area

Cultural heritage site √

Protected area √

Wetland √

Instructions:

This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of project. It to be attached to the environmental categorization from that it is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance officer of the Regional and sustainable Development Department.

This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department

This checklist focuses on environmental issue and concerns. To ensure that the social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklist and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement (ii) indigenous peoples planning (iii) poverty reduction (iv) participation and (v() gender and development.

Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remark” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

WATER SUPPLY




Mangrove √

Estuarine √

Buffer zone of protected area √

Special area for protecting biodiversity

√

Bay √

B. Potential Environmental Impact Will the project cause…..

`

Pollution of raw water supply from upstream waste water discharge from communities, industries, agriculture and soil erosion runoff.

√ No such communities, industries

discharge envisage since the intake point

located in Tungabhadra reservoir near

Katharki village.

Impairment of historical / cultural monuments / areas and loss / damage to the site

√

Hazard of land subsidence caused by excessive ground water pumping

√ There is no ground water exploitation for

proposed water supply improvements

for Sindhanur CMC

Social conflict arising from displacement of communities

√

Conflicts in abstraction of raw water for water supply with other beneficial water uses for surface and ground waters?

√ Since the water is drawing from

tungabathra reservoir, there will not be

any water scarcity at any point of time.

Unsatisfactory raw water sup[ply ( e.g. excessive pathogens or mineral constituents ?

√ The existing raw water supply is

supposed to continue.

Delivery of unsafe water to distribution system

√

Inadequate protection of intake works or wells leading to pollution of water supply?

√

Over pumping of ground water, leading to Stalinization and ground subsidence?

√ There is no ground water exploitation

required for the proposed improvements

in water supply.

Excessive algal growth in storage reservoir?

√ Sindhanur CMC has to ensure that the

storage reservoir will be cleaned




regularly to avoid excessive algal growth.

Increase in production of sewage beyond capabilities of community facilities?

√ The proposal involves ensuring regular

supply of 100 lpcd for the public which

neither will nor result in excess sewage

production. The proposed STP for the

city is designed to meet the sewage

generated with 100 lpcd.

Inadequate disposal of sludge from water treatment plants?

√ There is no such proposal of altering

design and facilities in water treatment

plant. It is prime duty of Sindhanur CMC

to ensure that the sludge is removed

from water treatment plants regularly to

meet standard of treated water.

Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and treatment plants to alleviate noise and other possible nuisance and protect facilities

√ Sufficient buffer zone / noise barrier is to

be developed around pumping station to

alleviate noise.

Impairments associated with transmission lines and access roads?

√ Temporary impairments are anticipated

along the new transmission lines routes

during construction stage .No new

access are proposed.

Health Hazard arising from inadequate design of facilitate for receiving , storing, and handling of chlorine and other hazardous chemicals

√ Proposed project seen to be not have

any proposal for altering design /

facilities in water treatment plant.

Health and safety hazards to workers from the management of chlorine used for disinfection and other contaminants?

√ Sindhanur CMC has to ensure that

proper safety practices are ensured for

workers in water treatment plant.

Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people

√ There is no resettlement of people for

project implementation.

Social conflict between construction workers from other areas and community workers?

√ Local labour will be utilized in maximum

number by contractor so possibility of

social conflict regarding employment

opportunities will be less during

construction stage

Noise and dust from construction activities

√ Measures will be taken in initial stage of

project by deploying standard reputed




make machinery with comply of

stipulated noise standard to ensure

noise with in limit and practice of

frequent water spraying will be adopted

to minimize dust.

Increased road traffic due to interference of construction activities?

√ The construction material transport will

increase traffic within city. Proper traffic

management will have to be

implemented to avoid conflict between

public transport and construction

material transport.

Continuing soil erosion / silt runoff from construction operation

√ Construction debris and excess soil

generated at construction site should be

properly disposed to avoid erosion.

Delivery of unsafe water due to poor o & m treatment process ( especially mud accumulation in filter ) and inadequate chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring of chlorine residual in distribution system

√ Sindhanur CMC has to ensure efficiency

of operation of water treatment plant.

Accidental leakage of chlorine gas? √

Excess abstraction of water affecting downstream water users

√

Competing uses of water √

Increased sewage flow due to increased water supply

√ The proposal is for ensuring regular

water supply of 100 lpcd for the public

which will result in increased sewage

generation. The propose STP for the city

is designed too meet the sewage

generated with 100 lpcd.

Increased volume of sullage ( wastewater from cooking and washing ) and sludge from waste water treatment plant

√ The proposed STP for the city is designed

to meet the sullage generated due to

project. Sindhanur CMC has to ensure

that the sludge generated in STP is

disposed off with safe disposal practices.