New Graphic Design Research

Module TFD1064. Design for Communication DesignGraphic design group Project – “Modernism” Student - Stephanie SugdenStudent number - U1261099 Contact details - 07557478503 - [email protected]

MODERNISM RESEARCH STEPHANIE SUGDEN

MODERNISMModernism is a movement that permeated many disciplines, including painting, sculpture, dance, music, literature and philosophy, and was influenced by politics, scientific and technological innovation, and the Industrial Revolution. In the late nineteenth century artists and designers who rebelled against academic and historicist traditions created the new movement ‘Modernism’ they embraced the new economic, social and political aspects of the emerging modern world on the grounds that the “traditional” forms of art, architecture, literature, religious faith, social organization and daily life (in a modern industrialized world) were becoming outdated.. The movement was initially called “avant-garde”, descriptive of its attempt to overthrow some aspect of tradition or the status quo. The term “modernism” itself is derived from the Latin “modo”, meaning “just now”.

The movements I have been looking at in particular have been Cubism, Futurism and Minimalism. Some of the artists that work in the movements I have been looking at is Jean Metzinger, Pablo Picasso, Giacomo Balla and Grant Wiggins.

RESEARCHMODERNISM

RESEARCH

POST MODERNISMPostmodernism is a broad term used to describe movements in a wide range of disciplines, including art, philosophy, critical theory, and music. Many view it as a response to the preceding modernist movement, but where modernism simply reacts against classical concepts, particularly in the arts and literature, things that are postmodern take this reaction to its extreme conclusion. Indeed, some see it not as a separate movement, but simply as a continuation of the modernist struggle. Post modernism to me consists of bright colours, clashing differences of typography, this is how the post modern era was with their work. Some of the movements I have been looking at with postmodernism is Cubism, Dadaism, Surrealism and Pop Art. Some of the artists I could look at are Andy Wahol, David Hockney and David Carson.

RESEARCHRESEARCHPOST MODERNISM

Some of the movements I have been looking at with postmodernism is Cubism, Dadaism, Surrealism and Pop Art. Some of the artists I could look at are Andy Wahol, David Hockney and David Carson.

BAUHAUSThe Bauhaus was the most influential modernist art school of the 20th century, one whose approach to teaching, and understanding art’s relationship to society and technology, had a major impact both in Europe and the United States long after it closed. It was shaped by the 19th and early 20th centuries trends such as Arts and Crafts movement, which had sought to level the distinction between fine and applied arts, and to reunite creativity and manufacturing. This is reflected in the romantic medievalism of the school’s early years, in which it pictured itself as a kind of medieval crafts guild. But in the mid 1920s the medievalism gave way to a stress on uniting art and industrial design, and it was this which ultimately proved to be its most original and important achievement. The school is also renowned for its faculty, which included artists Wassily

RESEARCHKandinsky, Josef Albers, László Moholy-Nagy, Paul Klee and Johannes Itten, architects Walter Gropius and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and designer Marcel Breuer.

BAUHAUSRESEARCH

MOHOLY-NAGYMOHOLY-NAGYARTIST RESEARCHARTIST RESEARCH

László Moholy-Nagy was a photographer as well as professor in the Bauhaus school. He was highly influenced by constructivism and a strong advocate of the integration of technology and industry into the arts. Throughout his career, he became proficient and innovative in the fields of photography, typography, sculpture, painting, printmaking, and industrial design. One of his main focuses was photography. He coined the term “the New Vision” for his belief that photography could create a whole new way of seeing the outside world that the human eye could not. He experimented with the photographic process of exposing light sensitive paper with objects overlain on top of it, called photogram. While studying at the Bauhaus, Moholy’s teaching in diverse media — including painting, sculpture, photography, photo montage and metal — had a profound influence

on a number of his students. I like how his work is created out of lines and shapes, which are nothing, not a structure or an image, they don’t create anything in particular but you could visualize yourself what you see and think it is, It’s abstract work. For the two bottom left and right images i see a clock with hands, unless I am unaware and it’s suppose to be a clock face.

MICHAEL PLACEMICHAEL PLACEARTIST RESEARCHARTIST RESEARCH

Michael C. Place is a British modernist graphic designer, he’s more known for being the founder of ‘Build’ in 2001. Build is a North Yorkshire graphic design studio that takes a craft-based approach to print, and fastidious perfectionism for all its projects, spanning editorial, packaging, motion, products, logo design and branding. Place was previously an integral member of The Designers’ Republic, and today counts clients like Sony, Nike and Lego, as well as smaller brands and personal work. Build design studio produces modern, graphic solutions for lifestyle clients, both independent and corporate. In late 2012 the studio was ranked number 23 in Design Week’s ‘Top 50 creative agencies in the UK’.

“Obsessive? No, Build is just committed to perfection, down to every last detail.”

I chose to use Michael Place as one of my artists because his works modern and new. I particularly love the film poster bottom right as it’s created out of all types of objects which is explaining the title but even more cleverly they add one line of objects which create the title itself, this can be seen top right. I find it so clever but they don’t show it as obvious you have to observe the piece before discovering that hidden satisfaction.

ARTIST RESEARCHARTIST RESEARCHNEVILLE BRODYNEVILLE BRODYNeville Brody, is a British designer and art director, and is now at the forefront of graphic design for over two decades.

Initially working in record cover design, Brody made his name largely through his revolutionary work as Art Director for the Face magazine. Other international magazine directions have included City Limits, Lei, Per Lui, Actuel and Arena, together with London’s The Observer newspaper and magazine.

Brody has consistently pushed the boundaries of visual communication in all media through his experimental and challenging work, and continues to extend the visual languages we use through his exploratory creative expression. Brody published the first of his two monographs , which became the world’s best selling graphic design book in 1988. Combined

sales now exceed 120,000. I chose Neville Brody as one of my artists to research simple because of his piece bottom right corner, I’ve always been amazed by artists which work with typography to create imagery and he’s so experimental that he knows what works and what doesn’t. I personally would love to do a piece simular to bottom right as it appeals to me so much. The rest of his work is also great and is really interesting to discover and look at.

DAVID CARSONDAVID CARSONARTIST RESEARCHARTIST RESEARCH

David Carson is an American graphic designer, art director and surfer. He is best known for his innovative magazine design, and use of experimental typography. He was the art director for the magazine Ray Gun, in which he employed much of the typographic and layout style for which he is known. Carson was perhaps the most influential graphic designer of the 1990s. In particular, his widely imitated aesthetic defined the so-called “grunge typography” era. David Carson quite simply, breaks the traditional mold of type on a page and demanding fresh eyes from the reader. Squishing, smashing, slanting and enchanting the words on a layout, Carson made the point, over and over, that letters on a page are art. I chose David Carson simply because he is amazing at what he does, he uses typography in such ways that creates imagery and texture. The pieces I’ve chosen seem to

be his black and white pieces which I didn’t do purposely but these are the pieces I liked the most, particularly the ‘The black swan issue’ piece. I really like the way he uses a text to create background pieces such as the image below, he is mostly known for this style of work too.

EMIL RUDERARTIST RESEARCHARTIST RESEARCH

EMIL RUDEREmil Ruder was a typographer and graphic designer who, born in Switzerland in 1914, helped Armin Hofmann form the Basel School of Design and establish the style of design known as Swiss Design. He taught that, above all, typography’s purpose was to communicate ideas through writing. He placed a heavy importance on sans-serif typefaces and his work is both clear and concise, especially his typography.

Like most designers classified as part of the Swiss Design movement he favored asymmetrical compositions, placing a high importance on the counters of characters and the negative space of compositions. A friend and associate of Hofmann, Frutiger and Müller Brockmann, Ruder played a key role in the development of graphic design in the 1940s and 50s. His style has been emulated by many

designers, and his use of grids in design has influenced the development of web design on many levels. I choose Emil Ruders as one of my artists because he does a great deal in typography and his works modern and minimalist and in my opinion his black and white pieces are the best as they’re bold and clear, apart from the difference in language.

EL LISSITZKYEL LISSITZKYARTIST RESEARCHARTIST RESEARCH

El Lissitzky was a Russian born artist, designer, typographer, photographer and architect who designed many exhibitions and propaganda for the Soviet Union in the early 20th century. His development of the ideas behind the Suprematist art movement were very influential in the development of the Bauhaus and the Constructivist art movements. His stylistic characteristics and experimentation with production techniques developed in the 1920s and 30s have been an influence on graphic designers since. In his early years he developed a style of painting in which he used abstract geometric shapes, which he referred to as “prouns”, to define the spatial relationships of his compositions. The shapes were developed in a 3-dimensional space, that often contained varying perspectives, which was a direct contrast to the ideas of suprematist theories which stressed the simplification

of shapes and the use of 2D space only. His work is lots of geometric shapes with some curved and straight lines, some of his work I find hard to understand due to it being in a different language but in the images below he’s created characters with the use of different lettering. By looking at his work you can automatically see the big use in whites, blacks and reds although not all his work consists of colours at all and can be quite neutral.

IAKOV CHERNIKHOVARTIST RESEARCHARTIST RESEARCH

Iakov Georgievich Chernikhov was a constructivist architect and graphic designer. His books on architectural design published in Leningrad between 1927 and 1933 are amongst the most innovatory texts and illustrations of their time. He was greatly interested in futurist movements, including constructivism, and the suprematism of Malevich (with whom he was acquainted), he set out his ideas in a series of books in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Chernikhov also produced a number of richly designed architectural fantasies of historic architecture, which were never exhibited in his lifetime. He also has a foundation named after him called the Iakov Chernikhov International Foundation (icif)

I chose Iakov Chernikhov because I needed to research a designer which works with architecture for my idea of maybe using the use of buildings in my

magazine cover design. Chernikhov was perfect and I also was amazed that I’d never heard of him before because of how beautiful his work is. It’s also amazing how he was around in the early nineteen hundreds yet is designs are so modern and colourful, too modern and colourful for the period of time he lived around.

IAKOV CHERNIKHOV

COMPUTER ARTSCOMPUTER ARTSMAGAZINE RESEARCHMAGAZINE RESEARCH

Computer Arts, the world’s best-selling magazine for digital artists and designers, boasts a strong line-up of tutorials every issue, covering everything from manipulating photographs with Photoshop to creating amazing vector illustrations with Illustrator.

I chose to use this magazine into my research as I thought It’s very relevant to what I am wanting. I love how the include every thing to do with arts and designs into their magazines. The front covers to their magazines are all very different and vary around subjects , my particular favorite is the typography cover seen in the top right image. It’s the type of style I want to do being black and white with one specific colour to add some sort of colour.

PRINTMAGAZINE RESEARCHMAGAZINE RESEARCHPRINT

Print is a bimonthly magazine about visual culture and design. Founded in 1940 by William Edwin Rudge, Print is dedicated to showcasing the extraordinary in design on and off the page. Covering a field as broad as communication itself—publication and book design, animation and motion graphics, corporate branding and rock posters, exhibitions and street art—Print covers commercial, social, and environmental design from every angle. Engagingly written by cultural reporters and critics who look at design in its social, political, and historical contexts, Print explores why our world looks the way it looks, and why the way it looks matters.

I chose print as one of my magazines to research as they are quite basic and although simular to the magazine i researched It’s also quite different, being more art based.

VOGUEMAGAZINE RESEARCHMAGAZINE RESEARCHVOGUE

Vogue is an American fashion and lifestyle magazine that is published monthly in 21 national and regional editions by Condé Nast.

I chose Vogue because of It’s simplicity of the design. Vogues been around since 1892 which is a very long running time for a magazine and I love how since the very first edition they have kept the exact same title in the same font and style with some changes in composition which you can see. The style has changes loads from colour particularly in the 80’s editions to now which is more black and white and minimalist which is why I chose this magazine as thats the type of style I want to look into for my magazine cover.

TYPOGRAPHY MAGAZINE RESEARCHMAGAZINE RESEARCHTYPOGRAPHY

This page shows interesting types of typography on magazine covers which I wanted to look into further. I found a website which contained loads of magazine covers split into categories and I clicked on the ‘Typography’ category which led me to this amazing unique styles. My particular favorite being top middle and top right images, I love these style of typography as It’s different and I can be quite a fan of different, I just love the way it’s been cut out with a layer underneath which brings you inside the magazine literally.

THE GRID SYSTEMMAGAZINE DESIGN

A grid is a network of lines. It is atool for generating form, arrangingimages, and organizing, information. The grid can work quietly in the background, or it can assert itself as an active element. The grid becomes visible as objects come intoalignment with it. Some designersuse grids in a strict, absolute way,while others see them as a starting point in an evolving process. In the design of printed matter, guidelines help the designer align elements in relation to each other. Consistent margins and columns create an underlying structure that unifies a document and makes the layout process more efficient. A well-made grid encourages the designer to vary the scale and placement of elements without relying wholly on arbitraryjudgements. The grid offers a rationale and a starting point for each composition, converting a blank area into a structured field.

MAGAZINE DESIGNTHE GRID SYSTEM

The grid imparts a similarly democratic character to the printed page. By making space into numerous equal units, the grid makes the entire page available for use; the edges become as important as the center. Grids help designers create active, assymmetrical compositons in place of static, centered ones. By breaking down space into smaller units, grids encourage designers to leave some areas open rather than filling up the whole page.

the image on the left is what I used for the grid system to create my front magazine cover and the same for the content inside.

THE MASTHEADMAGAZINE DESIGN

This is a few designs I’ve put together using Adobe Photoshop for a rough understantding of what it is I’m looking for design for the mast head. My particular favourite is bottom right but I would have to develop further with colours as I feel my design could be too black and white with a background I have in mind of the Creative Arts Building at The Universtiy of Huddersfield, I took the image during Photgraphy when studing at College.

MAGAZINE DESIGNTHE MASTHEAD

THE MASTHEADMAGAZINE DESIGN

This is my chosen mast head being explored with different styles and layouts of colours. I already knew that I wanted the colours to be a neutral and cool colour so I wanted to make them greens and blues to make this effective. Out of these 9 different designs I have chosen to go with design number 3, simply because It’s plain yet It’s colours not too bold and also it’s not too dark like some others.

MAGAZINE DESIGNTHE MASTHEAD

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 9.

LAYOUT IDEASMAGAZINE DESIGN

These are some quick thumbnails that I sketched up to show some initial ideas I could possibly use for my front cover design for my magazine. I have chosen to develop the top second as I really like the idea of using my own architecture photography in my magazine.

MAGAZINE DESIGNLAYOUT IDEAS

MAGAZINE DESIGNFRONT COVERFRONT COVER

MAGAZINE DESIGNOn the left this shows all my designs for the front cover of my magazine. Theres mainly two separate designs for the mast head which are shown in different colours and styles, also two background images with the different layouts on. It was an experimentation which i was happy about by exploring different colours but now looking back at them I feel as though the mast head is too large and overtakes the page.I then decided to change my masthead by making a smaller one but keeping the style and layout I had already chosen. The two top left and two middle left designs I would scrap altogether simply because It’s too large to modify to a smaller masthead. As for the four bottom designs I feel the colours are too post modernism so they too would be scrapped, this leaves me with four possible designs to modify further.

This is the mast head scaled down on my two chosen designs.

SOURCES

http://www.theartstory.org/movement-bauhaus.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Carson_(graphic_designer)http://www.ted.com/speakers/david_carson.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/László_Moholy-Nagyhttp://www.designishistory.com/1920/el-lissitzky/http://idnworld.com/creators/?id=BUILDhttp://wearebuild.comhttp://www.designishistory.com/1940/emil-ruder/http://lisathatcher.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/neville-brody-a-type-of-art/#http://www.archive.researchstudios.com/home/006-neville-brody/NEVILLE_home.phphttp://www.magicalurbanism.com/archives/3864http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakov_Chernikhovhttp://www.printmag.com/about-us/http://www.coverjunkie.com/blog/typographic-covershttp://gdbasics.com/index.php?s=grid

Sources for my images can be found on my Pinterest Account - http://pinterest.com/stephsug-den29/