New England & Middle Colonies Chapter 3
Dec 17, 2015
Puritans’ Religion▪The Puritans kept the religious freedom they had gained to themselves.
▪They set up a government that required everyone in the colony to worship in the same way.
Roger Williams▪When a young preacher named Roger Williams began preaching different ideas, the Puritans put him on trial.
▪Williams believed that all people should be able to worship in any way they chose.
▪He declared, “Forced worship stinks in God’s nostrils.”
Providence▪ The Puritans ordered Williams to be sent back to England, but he fled south in 1636.
▪Williams bought land from Indians for a settlement he called Providence, which means “the guidance & care of God.”
▪Here, he welcomed people with different religious beliefs.
Rhode Island (New England)▪ 2 years later, Anne Hutchinson was also forced to leave Massachusetts for preaching against the Puritans.
▪ She & her family followed Roger Williams & established Portsmouth.
▪ In 1647, these & other settlements became the colony of Rhode Island.
Slave Trade▪ Sea merchants soon discovered the riches that could be made in the slave trade.
▪ Rhode Island became one of the largest slave-trading centers in the world.
▪ Puritans were so disgusted by these activities that they began calling Rhode Island “the sewer of New England.”
Connecticut (New England)▪ Thomas Hooker was a Puritan minister who established the colony of Connecticut in 1639.
▪He drew up the 1st written plan of government for any of the colonies, which was called the Fundamental Orders.
New York (Middle Colony)▪New York was originally settled by merchants from the Netherlands in 1624; they had named the colony New Netherland.
▪ In 1664, the English took control of the colony & renamed it New York in honor of its owner, James, the Duke of York.
Pennsylvania (Middle Colony)▪William Penn was a member of the Quakers, who refused to bow to the English king, fight in wars, or pay taxes to the Church of England.
▪ In 1668, King Charles II threw Penn in jail to stop him from preaching the Quakers’ ideas.
▪ As a result, Penn wanted to establish a colony in America where Quakers would have religious freedom.
Pennsylvania (Middle Colony)
▪ In 1681, King Charles II granted Penn a huge area of land, which he named Pennsylvania.
▪ Penn named his capital city Philadelphia (Greek for “City of Brotherly Love”).
▪ There, he wrote great documents that made Pennsylvania the 1st democracy in America.