NEW ELECTRICITY 21: DESIGNING A SUSTAINABLE ...Hydro-Quebec's "Econo-Confort" Program: A Unique Energy-Conservation Measure R. Dunn, Hydro-Quebec, Canada ] 05 Electricity Applications

NEW ELECTRICITY 21:DESIGNING A SUSTAINABLE

ELECTRIC SYSTEM FORTHE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

PARIS, FRANCE • 2 2 N D - 2 4 T H MAY 1995

HANNOVER

TECHNiSCHEUMFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK J

C O N F E R E N C E P R O C E E D I N G S

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYELECTRICITE DE FRANCE (EDF)

UNION OF PRODUCERS AND DISTRIBUTORSOF ELECTRICAL ENERGY (UNIPEDE)

UB/TIB Hannover114244 391

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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CONFERENCE HIGHLIGHTS v

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

WELCOME AND KEYNOTE ADDRESSES l

Welcome Address from IEAHans Jorgen Koch, Director 3

Welcome Address from UNIPEDELennart Lundbert, President 7

Welcome Address from EdFGilles Menage, Chairman 9

Welcome Address from FranceRene Monory, President of the French Senate 15

Keynote Address from EuropeChristos Papoutsis, European Commission 17

Keynote Address from JapanYoshihisa Akiyama, President, Kansai Electric Power Company 21

Keynote Address fron North AmericaThomas Kuhn, President, Edison Electric Institute 25

Closing Remarks for the Opening SessionFrancois Ailleret. Director General, Electricite de France 29

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SESSION 1: OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE ELECTRICITY USEFOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMEiNT

SESSION 1A: PROSPECTS FOR NEW ELECTRICITY USE 37

Chairman's Note on Opportunities to Increase Electricity Use for SustainableEnergy Development E. Hau, Electricite de France 39

Keynote Address on Prospects for New ElectricityF.G. Dominioni, European Commission 41

Electricity: The Answer to Sustainable Energy NeedsJ. Bulcke, Electrabel, Belgium 47

Prospects for Electricity Use in 2050: Barriers and LimitsH. Larsen and P.E. Morthorst, Ris0 National Laboratory, Denmark 53

Using Electricity: Benefits to the EnvironmentL. Muller and C. Sulle, Electricite de France, France 59

Electricity: A Gateway to a Better EnvironmentB. Strandh, Sydkraft AB; B. Sahlestrom and S. Gothe, Vattenfall AB, Sweden 65

Towards a More Efficient Use of Energy through Beneficial ElectrificationC. Barbesino, R. Le Goff, P. Goricke, D.F. Porter, M.-F. Roth, N. Halbert, UNIPEDE 73

The Effective Use of ElectricityD.A. Baggs and M.K. Wedgbury, Electricity Association, United Kingdom 81

Electricity and the Environment: Sustainability through Technical InnovationK.E. Yeager and I.M. Torrens, Electric Power Research Institute, United States 89

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SESSION IB: NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR USING ELECTRICITY 97

Keynote Address on Electricity and Sustainable Development: Challenges andOpportunities, H.R. Konow, Canadian Electrical Association, Canada 99

Hydro-Quebec's "Econo-Confort" Program: A Unique Energy-Conservation MeasureR. Dunn, Hydro-Quebec, Canada ] 05

Electricity Applications for Waste Treatment and MinimizationM. Drouet, UIE, Canada; D. Bialod, DOPEE, France 109

Electricity in Industry: A Vector for Improving Energy Efficiency and EconomicCompetitiveness, R. Genier and P. Gibielle, Electricite de France, France 115

Substitution of Efficient Electrotechnologies for Thermal End-Uses to TraditionalProcesses: Screening of Possibilities and Applications Under StudyP. Menga, W. Grattieri, G. Korn, ENEL; R. Malinverni, CESI, Italy 123

Elimination of Maintenance Outage and Cost Reduction by Development of Outage-FreeM a i n t e n a n c e T e c h n i q u e s , H. Yakabe, Y. Maruyama, Kyushu Electric Power Company, Japan . . . 131

R&D Options for Demand Side Management in Japanese Electric UtilitiesT. Yamamoto, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan 139

Efficient Electrotechnologies for the Minerals and Metals IndustryB. Nord, R. Abrahamsson and A. Solmar, Vattenfall AB, Sweden 147

The "ELAB" Project, Research on Efficient Use of Electricity in an UninhabitedTest House, J. Wilde and C. Norberg, Vattenfall Utveckling AB, Sweden 155

Possibilities for Increasing the Use of Electric Vehicles in SwitzerlandY. Dijamatovic, Town of Lausanne's Electrical Utility, Switzerland 161

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SESSION 2: ELECTRIC SYSTEM EXPANSION AND INTEGRATIONTO MEET GROWING COMPETITION

SESSION 2A: DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCONNECTED SYSTEMS 169

Keynote Address, N. Ketting, N. V. Sep, The Netherlands 171

D Development of Synchronous Electric Power Networks 173

CENTREL and its Role in the East-West Electricity Transfer BusinessJ. Popczyk, CENTREL, Poland 175

Economic and Environmental Benefits of Interconnected Systems: The Spanish ExampleA.S. Chicharro and R. de Dios Alija, Red Electrica de Espaha, Spain 189

Advantages, Difficulties and Limitations of Expansion of the European ElectricPower System, G. Carta, Italy; H. Persoz, France; J. Remondeulaz, Switzerland;Large Systems and International Interconnections Study Committee ofUNlPEDE 197

D Use of Direct Current Links for Interconnection of Power Grids 203

High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Link Between the Power Networks of Italyand Greece, C. Carcano and P. Oliva, ENEL SpA, Italy; J. Voyatzakis, PPC, Greece 205

The Direct Current Challenge for Long Distance Transmission of Bulk PowerA. Clerici, ABB; G. Valtorta, STE, Italy 211

Scandinavian Interconnections as a Means for an Integrated and SustainableEuropean System, A. Hedenstedt and Bernt Hansson, Vattenfall AB, Sweden 219

Dependable Interconnections by HVDC: Operational and Environmental BenefitsM.H. Baker, B.A. Rowe, H.L. Thanawala, GEC Alsthom T&D Power ElectronicSystems Ltd, United Kingdom 225

D Development of Interconnections within Countries 231

Power Systems and the Development of Electricity MarketsA. Merlin, C. Gallaire, H. Chambon, EdF Production Transport, France 233

SESSION 2B: TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS

FOR ELECTRIC SYSTEM INTEGRATION 237

Chairman's Note, Gyorgy Hatvani, Hungarian Power Companies, Hungary 239

Keynote Address, Walter Fremuth, UCPTE 241

D Technologies for Grid Management 245

Proposal of New Network Configuration for Smart Use of Dispersed Generation Plantsin Metropolitan Areas, H. Saitoh and J. Toyoda, Tohoku University, Japan 247

Red Electrica de Espana: A Privately Owned, Nationwide Optical Fibre NetworkAtilio Gonzalez, Red Electrica de Espana, Spain 253

Integral System of Network Management: A New ChallengeJ.A. Rodriguez and A.L. Perez, Compahia Sevillana de Electricidad, S.A., Spain 259

New Grid Management Technologies - Electronic DispatchG. Rennie, Andersen Consulting, United Kingdom 267

D New Components for Electric Systems 271

Future Technological Responses to the Issue of Electrical System DevelopmentR. Ballay, Electricite de France 273

Research and Development Project for Flywheel Energy Storage System UsingHigh-Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Bearing, J. Shinagawa, ShinokokuElectric Power Company; F. Ishikawa, Shikoku Research Institute, Japan 281

Superconductivity in Spain: MIDAS ProgramF. Yndurain, Midas Program, Spain 289

Amorphous Metal Distribution Transformers: A Cost-Effective Technology forEnvironment Betterment, P.M. Curran and D. Pendlebury, Allied Signal AmorphousMetals, United States 295

Transforming the Future: Cost-Effective Options for Distribution System Upgrades inDeveloping Countries, S. Thigpen, US Environmental Protection Agency, United States 301

The Impact of High Temperature Superconductivity on the Electric Power SectorA.M. Wolsky, Argonne National Laboratory, United States 307

D Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields 315

Environmental and Health Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from TransmissionLines. B. Cronlv, Electricity Supply Board International, Ireland 317

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SESSION 3: POWER PRODUCERS AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES

SESSION 3A: APPROPRIATE ROLE OF DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGY OPTIONSIN COPING WITH CLIMATE CHANGE 325

Chairman's Note, C.E. Nyquist, Vattenfall AB, Sweden 327

D Role of End-Use Efficiency Technologies in Coping with Climate Change 329

Electricity Generation, Rational Energy Use and CO2 Emissions: The ELECTRABELApproach, Paul Bulteel, ELECTRABEL, Belgium 331

The Contribution of Energy Efficiency and Renewables to the Reduction of CO2 EmissionsJ.A. Paredes and I. Mateo, Union Electrica Fenosa, Spain 339

Reduced Total Equivalent Global Warming Impact Due to the Use of Electric HeatPumps in Sweden, G. Broms and B. Karlsson, Vattenfall UtvecklingAB, Sweden 347

Q Role of Efficient Fossil Fuel Technologies in Coping with Climate Change 353

PFBC - Clean Coal Technology: Status and ExperienceS.A. Jansson, ABB Carbon AB, Sweden 355

IGCC: High Efficiency Power Production Status of Development in the United StatesT. Atwood, US Department of Energy, United States 359

Global Warming Reduction Through Generation Efficiency ImprovementsA.F. Armor and G.T. Preston, Electric Power Research Institute, United States 365

• Role of Renewable Technologies in Coping with Climate Change 373

Electricity from Renewable Energies in Austria: Electric Utilities Point of View, A. Szeless,Austrian Electricity Board and T. Miiller, Association of Austrian Electric Utilities, Austria 375

Hydroelectricity and Sustainable Development, D. Dubeau, Hydro-Quebec, Canada 381

Biomass for Electricity, P. Barbucci, G. Neri and G. Trebbi, ENEL SpA/DSA-CRT, Italy 387

D Role of Nuclear Technologies in Coping with Climate Change 395

The Potential Role of Nuclear Power in Alleviating the Risks of Global Climate ChangeB.A. Semenov. L.L. Bennett. E. Bertel and J.F. van de Vate, International Atomic Energy Agency . . 397

The Potential Role of the Nuclear Option in Decreasing Greenhouse Gas Emissions fromProduction of Electric Power and Heat, G. Popescu, A. Popescu, F. Breazu and A. Vladescu,Romanian Electricity Authority, Romania 405

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Eleven Years of Experience with Heat Extraction at the Beznau I and II Nuclear PowerPlants for District Heating, K. Kilffer and K.-H. Handl, NordostschweizerischeKraftwerke AG, Switzerland 409

The Role of Advanced Nuclear Plants in Reducing the Environmental and EconomicImpact of Greenhouse Emissions on Electrical Generation, J. Redding and C. Veitch,GE Nuclear Energy, United States 415

Fossil Fuels, Renewables and Nuclear Options to meet the Energy and EnvironmentalChallenges, P. Bacher, UNIPEDE and J.E. Moncomble, Electricite de France 423

SESSION 3B: GREENHOUSE GAS IMPACTS AND RESPONSE STRATEGIES 433

Keynote Address, W. Nolan, Edison Electric Institute, United States 435

The E7 Initiative, P. Mollon, Electricite de France, E7 Group 439

Increased Electricity Use for Reducing Pressures on Natural Resources and Environment:The Case of the European Union, A. Camplani and S. La Bella, EURELECTRIC 447

The Japanese Electric Utility Industry's Approach to Global WarmingM. Kiyohara, The Kansai Electric Power Company, Japan 455

East Asian Perspective on Global Environmental ProblemsM. Yonehara, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan 459

Afforestation as Part of a Climate Change Strategy Based on Voluntary AgreementsJ. Van der Kooij and S. Stibbe, Dutch Electricity Generating Board, The Netherlands 465

Modelling Policies to Limit CO2 Emissions from the Electricity Industry: A UK PerspectiveL. Woolhouse, University of Newcastle and Nuclear Electric, United Kingdom 471

Response Strategies for Electric Utilities to an Uncertain Climate, O. Wilson, ElectricitySupply Board of Ireland and J. Delcambre, Electricite de France; UNIPEDE 479

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SESSION 4: TECHNOLOGY FOR SUPPLYING ELECTRICITY INDEVELOPING AND TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES

SESSION 4A: CASE STUDIES OF PARTICULAR DEVELOPINGAND TRANSITIONAL COUNTRIES 487

Keynote Address, A. Covindassamy, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . . . 489

Q Strategies and Main Issues Concerning Development of Electricity Productionin Developing and Transitional Countries 495

Some Characteristics of the Hungarian Power System's Long-Term Expansion StrategyA. Fazekas, Hungarian Power Companies Ltd, Hungary 497

Power Plant Development and Environmental Aspects in Hungary/. Bakdcs, A. Strobl and V. Civin, Hungarian Power Companies Ltd, Hungary 503

Strategies for Sustainable Development of the Polish Electric Power SystemR. Janiczek, Polish Power Grid Company, Poland 511

The Impact of Financial Factors on the Development Strategies of Electricity and HeatIndustry, V. Vaida, D. Gheorghiu, A. Popescu, D. Popovici, F. Breazu, M. Popescu andG. Vdlcereanu, Romanian Electricity Authority, Romania 517

The Innovative African Kilowatt-Hour, A.C. Calitz, ESKOM, South Africa 523

• Experiences and Lessons Learned in Cooperating with Developing andTransitional Countries in the Field of Electricity Supply 529

An Australian Perspective on Market Initiatives for ASEAN CountriesR.M. Mitchell and J.N. Clay, Sydney Electricity, Australia 531

Developing Electricity Production with Natural Gas in the Southern MediterraneanCountries: An Example of North-South Co-operation in the Electricity and Natural GasSector, M. Grenon and E. Nogaret, Obserxatoire Mediterraneen de VEnergie, France 537

Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) in Energy and Electricity Projects in the Economiesin Transition, K. Brendow, World Energy Council 543

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SESSION 4B: POTENTIAL ROLE OF PARTICULAR TECHNOLOGIES IN

DEVELOPING AND TRANSITIONAL COUNTRIES 549

Chairman's Note, R. Bierhoff, RWE Energie, Germany 551

Keynote Address, V. Vaida, Romanian Electricity Authority, Romania 553

D The Role of Renewable Energy in Developing and Transitional Countries 561

Distribution of Decentralised Renewable Energy Resources, J.L. Bal, Ademe andJ.P. Benque, Electricite de France, France 563

Prospects and Strategy for Large-Scale Utility Applications of Photovoltaic Power SystemsR. Vigotti, ENEL, Italy; E. Lysen, NOVEM, The Netherlands; A. Cole, ETSU, United Kingdom 569

Present and Prospective Role of Wind Energy in Electricity Supply, E. Sesto, ENEL, Italy andD.F. Ancona, Department of Energy, United States 577

The World Solar Summit Process: The Solar Electricity Highway for Peace andEnvironment, B. Berkovski, UNESCO 585

D The Role of New Fossil Technologies in Developing and Transitional Countries 593

Overview of Current and Future Clean Coal Technologies: A Utility Point of ViewA. Darthenay, Electricite de France 595

The Possibilities for Development of Combined Cycle Co-Generation in the HungarianPower System, A. Fazekas, Hungarian Power Companies Ltd, Hungary 603

Combustion Modifications for NOX ReductionG. de Michele, S. Pasini, S. Bertacchi, and R. Tarli, Italy 607

Development of Electron Beam Flue Gas Treatment TechnologyT. Tanaka, Chubu Electric Power Company, Inc, Japan 617

Demonstration of Desulphurisation Technology for High-Sulphur Coal in ChinaT. Yamaho and N. Kimura, Electric Power Development Co., Ltd, Japan 623

D The Role of Nuclear Power, Transmission and Storage Technologies 629

Potential Role of Nuc.ear Power in Developing and Transitional EconomiesD. Ganiage and P. Dierstein, Electricite de France, France 631

Low Load Density Areas in Developing Countries: Transmission Systems from ConcentratedGeneration Resources vs Local Diesel Plants A. Clerici, ABB STL and L. Paris, Pisa Univ., Italy . . 637

Utility Battery Storage: Technology to Support a Sustainable Energy FutureP. Taylor, Energetics Inc., and P. Butler, Sandia National Laboratories, United States 645

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SESSION 5: POWER INDUSTRY STRUCTURE, REGULATORYPOLICIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

SESSION 5A: POWER INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND REGULATORY POLICIES 655

Keynote Address, S. Garribba, ENEA, Italy 657

• General Considerations Regarding Power Industry Structure and Regulation 665

Which Competition in the European Electricity Supply Industry?J.P. Bouttes, EDF and R. Leban, CNAM, France 667

Competition and Natural Monopoly: The Case for GenerationE.A. Pelegry, Union Electrica Fenosa, Spain 679

The Influence of the Market as a Determinant for a National Electricity StrategyJ.R. van Deventer and A.D. Kimpton, ESKOM, South Africa 685

D Country Case Studies on Power Industry Structure and Regulation 691

Creation of the New Hungarian Regulatory Framework Based on the Electricity Act/. Szabo and G. Szorenyi, Hungarian Energy Office, Hungary 693

New Framework for the New Era: The Legislative Change in the Japanese Utility IndustryH. Myoi, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan 701

Tariffs on Power TradingC.J. van de Water, LR. de Witt and R.F. Frenken,KEMA , The Netherlands 707

Relationship Between the Electric Power Supplier and Customer During Romania'sTransition from an Over-Centralised to a Market Economy System/. Conecini and I. Lung, Romanian Electricity Authority, Romania 717

Examining Trends in the Liberalisation and Regulation of the European Utilities MarketD. Thomlinson, Andersen Consulting, United Kingdom 723

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SESSION 5B: MECHANISMS FOR ENSURING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTIN A COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT 729

Keynote Address, R.E. Balzhiser, Electric Power Research Institute, United States 731

D Developing Technologies for End-Use Efficiency and Renewablesin a Competitive Power Sector 743

The Development of Co-generation in EuropeT. Van der Does, COGEN Europe, The Netherlands 745

Stimulating the Emergence of Efficient Electrical Appliances: Necessity and Benefits ofLabelling, Norms and Regulation, B. Lebot, Ademe, France 753

Efficient Use of ElectricityE. Tons ing, Fraunhofer-Institute for Systems and Innovation Research, Germany 761

A New Strategy for DSM and Market TransformationH. Nilsson, NUTEK, Sweden 765

The Market Integration of Renewable Energy Technologies in the UKC.C. Naish and K.F. McAnulty, ETSU, United Kingdom 771

D Developing Technologies for Protecting the Environment in a Competitive Power Sector 779

EdF: Contributing to Local Development and Protection of the EnvironmentG. Veyret, Electricite de France 781

Advanced Water Chemistry Management in Power PlantsV. Regis and F. Signon, ENEL SpA, Italy 785

Competitive Energy Markets: The Effective Route to Improving the EnvironmentD.J. Swinden, Eastern Group pic, United Kingdom 793

D Research and Development Policy in a Competitive Power Sector 803

Tariff Policy in Romania: Strategic Elements for Developing Electricity SupplyD. Manca, G. Indre, F. Gugu and M. Vilceanu, RENEL, Romania 805

The Effects of Competitive Electricity Supply in the UK on Metering EquipmentA. Dick, Electricity Association, United Kingdom 813

The Influence of Privatisation on the Direction and Scale of R&D: Recent UK ExperienceS.F. Exell, EA Technology, United Kingdom 821

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RAPPORTEURS' REPORTS AND CLOSING REMARKS 827

Introduction to the Rapporteurs' Reports on the ConferenceP. Daures, Electricite de France, France 829

Workshop 1: Opportunities to Increase Electricity Use for SustainableDevelopment, A. Camplani, ENEL Spa, Italy 833

Workshop 2: Electric System Expansion and Integration to MeetGrowing Competition, H. Persoz, Electricite de France, France 835

Workshop 3: Power Producers and Global Climate Change IssuesJ. Skeer, International Energy Agency 837

Workshop 4: Technology for Supplying Electricity in Developing andTransitional Economies, M. Suzuki, Chubu Electric Company, Japan 843

Workshop 5: Power Industry Structure, Regulatory Policies andTechnological Innovation, C. Destival, Electricite de France, France 849

Closing Remarks by EdFP. Daures, Senior Deputy Director General 851

Closing Remarks by UNIPEDEF. Ailleret, Vice-President 855

Closing Remarks by IEAR. Priddle, Executive Director 857

CONFERENCE PROGRAMME 861

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 877

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