New Beginnings Chapter 15. What will we be discussing in Chapter 15? Renaissance Reformation Trade Routes Colonization.

New BeginningsChapter 15

What will we be discussing in Chapter 15?

RenaissanceReformationTrade RoutesColonization

So who are these guys and what do they have to do with this

time period?

KWL

What do you KNOW about this period?

What do you WONDER about this period?

The RenaissanceChapter 15 Section 1

Read TogetherPage 430 “You are There”

What does this really look like?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=WUkLLab8J1w

The AwakeningStarted in Italian city-

states◦Florence, Milan and

VeniceEach were important

in trade and commerce◦Buying and selling of

large quantities of goods

Flourished in wealth and intellect

Renaissance◦Intellectual and

economic movement◦Revived interest in the

art, social, scientific and political ideas of ancient Greece and Rome

◦Appreciation of “antiquities”

◦Renaissance means rebirth

Petrarch ◦Poet and scholar◦Influenced early

Renaissance◦Encouraged

people to study philosophy, literature and the past

◦“The style is the man” = Renaissance Man

Renaissance spreads◦As people and towns

became more prosperous

◦Fine clothing, large homes, display art

◦1400s = Italy◦1600s = rest of

Europe

Art in the RenaissanceWhy Italy?

◦Ancient ruins (Rome)

◦Trade made them wealthy

◦Catholic Church was prominent

◦Wanted to hire artists to make their churches beautiful

Art was realistic◦Portrayed people and

nature as they really were

◦Inspired by Greek and Roman

◦Perspective was important

◦Depth

Compare the Art

Middle Ages Art Renaissance Art

Italian Artists◦Raphael, Michelangelo, Leonardo da

Vinci◦Raphael = pictures of Jesus and his

mother

http://www.vatican.va/various/cappelle/sistina_vr/index.html ◦Michelangelo – sculptor and painter

Sistine Chapel

◦Leonardo da Vinci – painter, sculptor, engineer and scientist Mona Lisa and Last Supper were most

famous Study optics and human body, thought of

aircrafts

Revolution in SciencePeople should use reasoned

thought and scientific method◦Copernicus and Galileo

Copernicus – Poland – Earth was not the center of the universe

Galileo – Italy – improved telescope, but challenged the Church

Renaissance InventionsPrinting Press by

Johannes Gutenberg◦Used moveable type◦Made books more

available (had to be made by hand before)

◦People became more literate and commerce also began

Leonardo da Vinci’s scientific inventions◦Many were too advanced

and not madeMainspring Clocks

◦Clocks could be portableSingle lens microscopeOptical telescopeAir thermometer

The Need for Church Reform

Corruption in the Church◦Had a lot of

money in the Middle Ages

◦Accepted money for indulgences – pardon for punishments of sins – instead of doing charity or repentance

Martin Luther◦Catholic monk who

didn’t like the way the Church was being run

◦Only thought Christians should be judged by their belief in God

◦Attacked indulgences and interpreted Bible different

◦Nailed 95 Theses to door

Church excommunicated Luther◦Some people began to

agree with Luther◦Followers called

“Lutherans” Other groups of non-

Catholic Christians popped up starting the Reformation

People wanting to reform the Church

Protestantism – movement protesting the Church

Aside: What do Lutherans believe?

Luther’s Teaching◦ Salvation could be achieved

through faith alone◦ No goods needed to be done◦ Bible was the source of

religious truth◦ Rejected 5 sacraments,

banned indulgences◦ Clergy could marry◦ Body and Bread are symbol

of Christ

Council of Trent in 1545◦Worked against

the Reformation, called the Counter-Reformation

◦Catholic Church did ban indulgences

Homework Page 437 1 – 4