New Approach for Internationalisation of Cluster

Success Factors for Internationalisation

of Clusters

Dr. Gerd Meier zu Köcker

Vilnius, 8th April 2015

www.bmwi.de

Reasons Not to Internationalise

If policy makers insist

If it is a mandatory part of funding rules

Only because of funding

If products or technologies are not competitive

If cluster participants do not have capacities to internationalise

If the cluster management does not have the mandate to internationalise

If the cluster does not have any idea or strategy where and why to

internationalise

2

Kinds of Internationalisation of Clusters

Trend scouting

• Products, technologies

• Markets, consumer behaviour etc.

Export

R&D cooperation

Joint product development

• Incl. adaptive development

Acquisition of know-how, technologies

Entering Strategic partnerships

Joint venture

Building up foreign branch

Building foreign production facilities

5

Success Factors for Making Business in Korea

7© VDI/VDE-IT, 2011, Survey among 150 German SMEs

Failure Factors

9

Meier zu Köcker et al., 2011, http://www.tci-network.org/news/314

Key Success Factor

Unterstanding Internationalisation

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Current and Future Challenges

• Wind energy goes offshore

• Food & packaging advanced packages

•Manufacturing goes Industry 4.0

Industrial Transformation

Processes

• Biotech & Health

• ICT & Medical devices

• Communication technologies &

automotive

Increasing Convergence of

Technologies

•Creative industries

• Digital industries

• Experience industries

Emergence of New Industries

New markets,

new business

models,

New value chains

Systematic

approaches to

internationalise

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Emerging Industries as Driver for Internationalisation

Percentage of Cross-technological Patents

Related to Emerging Industries

Source: European Cluster Observatory, 2015

Cross-sectoral Value Chain of Paper and

Packaging Industry

Source: European Cluster Observatory, 2015

Internationalisation

– The Ideal Case –

16

Sources: gerber and Limmatdruck Zeiler

Communities with Dynamic Cross-sectoral

Patterns related to Advanced Packaging

Source: European Cluster Observatory, 2015

Source: European Cluster Observatory, 2015

Cross-sectoral Value Chain of Blue Growth

Communities with Dynamic Cross-sectoral Value

Chain of Blue Growth

Source: European Cluster Observatory, 2015

Clusters Are Different in Terms of

Internationalisation

International Cooperation Streams in R&D with

Focus on Emerging Industries

International Cooperation Streams in R&D with

Focus on Emerging Industries

Develop Regionally, Cooperate Globally

Service Porfolio of Excellent Cluster Management

Internationalisation

– The Ideal Case –

15

Sustainable

strategic

partnerships

Looking for

external partners

Among cluster

actors

10 Key Success Factors

10

Internationalisation strategy developed with cluster participants

To know why, when and where to gor (e. g. new value chains)

Cluster management is responsible for internationalisation

Competitive products, technologies (and companies)

Cluster actors are willing and able to invest

Innovative services offered by the cluster management

International experience of cluster management team

Good knowledge of international cluster landscape

Involvement of other key actors (export promotion agencies, Foreign

Chamber of Commerce etc.)

Patience…

10 Steps Towards an

Internationalisation Strategy

Communication of the upcoming strategy process among the cluster

participants

Selection of stakeholders and cluster actors to be involved

SWOT analysis/analysis of the current demand status and

future expectations

Creativity workshops with cluster actors and stakeholders

Additional interviews with selected cluster actors

Deduction of strategic objectives and operational targets

Identification of main action fields

Prioritisation of actions and services

Discussion of approach with cluster actors and stakeholders

Agreement on action plan for development and implementation of services

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Summary

Traditional approaches and key success factors

for cluster internationalisation are not sufficient

to address upcoming industrial needs

for internationalisation.

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Contact

Dr. Gerd Meier zu Köcker

Institute for Innovation and Technology

Steinplatz 1

10623 Berlin

E-Mail: [email protected]

Tel.: +49 30 310078-118

Fax: +49 30 310078-222

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Prevailing Services of Cluster Organisations

in the Context of Internationalisation

0

1

2

3

4

Availability of print/webinformation in foreign

languages

Participation of the clustermanagement in trade fairs /

conferences abroad with ownbooth to present the cluster

and its participants

Other activities by the clustermanagement for intensifyinginternational contacts and co-

operations with foreignpartners or clusters

Offices or other permanentrepresentations of the cluster

abroad

Acquisition of internationalR&D projects that were mainly

initiated by the clustermanagement

Other services/activities

Spain France GermanyNorway Denmark

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© ESCA 2013,