Neuroptera of Arabia: Fam. Sisyridae, Hemerobiidae ... › neuropterida › neur...BUTTIKER (1980) characterized the sampling site as follows: "Over long distance permanent river with

Neuroptera of Arabia: Fam. Sisyridae,

Hemerobiidae, Chrysopidae (Part 2) and Myrmeleonidae (Part 3)

H. Holzel

Abstract : For the first time species of the families Sisyridae and Hemerobiidae are recorded from Saudi Arabia. Supplements

to the annotated lists of Chrysopidae and I\/lyrmeleonidae are made; nine species new to science, one Flemcrobiitlae, three

Chrysopidae and five Myrmeleonidae, are described and illustrated.

ICeywords: Neuroptera, Sisyridae, llcmerobiidae, Chrysopidae, Myrmeleonidae, taxonomy, zoogeogr;~phy

~ e m e r o b i i d a e %I '-Yl .% S i s y r i d a e +Yl ,&dl : i;%b ' & a w l '-+I '-1 4 '-$I ij-

Nyrrne leonidae JLJI & Ig Cil rysopidae 'I+! -91 wg

INTRODUCTION

The attempt at a comprehensive annotated list of the Neuroptera of Saudi Arabia is supplemented here, introducing the results of further collecting and studies. Two families, not hitherto noted in Saudi Arabia, are now included: Sisyridae represented by a single, and Hemerobiidae by seven species. This increases the number of Planipennia to 156 species known to occur in Saudi Arabia.

The terminology of the wing venation and of genital structures as used herein follows r Z s l ~ ) c I\ et al. (1980).

Abbreviations: A: anal vein C: costa Cua: anterior branch of the cubitus Cup: posterior branch of the cubitus KAU-NHMB: King Abdulaziz University - Naturhistorisches Museum Base1 expedition to N Hijaz, 1979

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9.1988

Mp: posterior branch of the media

NHMB: Naturhistorisches Museum Base1 R: radial vein Rs: radial sector Sc: subcosta

Fam. Sisyridae

This very small family has about 50 described species. These are distributed all over the inhabited world and were recorded from most European countries, too. However, reports from the arid and semiarid parts of northern Africa and the Arabian peninsula are scarce, because the larvae are aquatic and feed on freshwater sponges. So far, only two species have been described from this region: Siyra nilotica in Sudan and Sis_yra tdobata in Palestine. The following represents the first evidence of sisyrid spe- cies in Saudi Arabia.

Sisyra nilotica Tjeder, 1957 SYsyru terminuIis. - Esben-Petersen (nec Curtis), 1915: 83. Sisyru niloticu Tjeder, 1957: 161. Material: Saudi Arabia: 1 d, Wadi 'rurabah, Camp 2, 1580 m alt., 7.X.1979, W. Biittiker.

With some hesitation EsBEN-P~:I'I-:KsEN (1915) listed the species from southern Sudan as S. terminalis Curtis; TJ~I IEK (1957) stated that these specimens did not belong to 3. terminalis - a species known from Europe only - and proposed a new name, S. nilotica. I have examined one male paratype from Bahr el Ghazal and found that the Arabian specimen belongs to the same species. Figs 1 and 2 show the male terminal segments and should serve to distinguish this from the other species of the region.

BUTTIKER (1980) characterized the sampling site as follows: "Over long distance permanent river

with fishes, amphibians and rich aquatic insect life. Also on hillsides considerable growth of trees, bushes and shrubs."

D i s t r ibu t ion : Saudi Arabia, Sudan.

Fam. Hemerobiidae

This family comprises about 600 described species distributed all over the inhabited world with dis- tinct centres in the arborean parts. Only a few records are known from the Arabian peninsula, none from Saudi Arabia. The available material consists of 23 specimens belonging to seven species. 'Three of them, one Wesmaelizis sp. and two Hemerobizrs spp., each represented only by a single female, cannot be identified. One Wesmaelitrs sp. proved to be new and is described as follows.

Wesmaelius (Kimminsia) saudiarabicus n. sp. Holotype: 8, Saudi Arabia, Village Qaraah, 2000 malt., 16.IV.1976, W. Hiittiker (NIIMB). - Paratype: 1 P, same data

as holotype.

A small, pale yellowish Wesmaelizrs species, length of forewings 5.5-6 mm. Head pale yellowish with small fuscous spots laterally on clypeus; vertex brownish posteriorly.

Thorax: pronotum with fuscous spots laterally on scutum, and brown lines along the sutures between

scutum and prescutum; metanotum fuscous laterally on scutum. Legs entirely pale. Wings: membrane hyaline, venation pale; three branches of Rs in forewings. Abdomen pale yellowish with lateral bands of fuscous spots. Apex (8) as in figs 3 and 4; ectoprocts bandlike with a rather long apex; rows of lamel- lae rather long; gonarcus (figs 6 and 7) with a long mediuncus which is bent downwards; entoprocessus rather long with oblique apex. Parameres (figs 8 and 9) very long and slender, slightly curved and fused apically. Apex of 9 abdomen see fig. 5; subgenitale and spermatheca are very weakly sclerotized and can- not be figured.

The genital structures of W. saudiarabicui n. sp. resemble very much those of W. nubihs (Kimmins); both the ectoprocts and the gonarcus are confusingly alike. However, W. nubih is a dark brown species with heavily spotted forewings, and, so far, only known from South Africa and Angola (TJI I I I * I ~ 1961); confusions are therefore not likely to occur.

From W. navasi (Andreu), the only other Wesmaelius-species of the region, W. sazldiarabiczls can easily

be distinguished by its pale yellowish colouration.

Figs 1-9: 1-2, S i y a nilotica Tjeder; 1, apex of 8 abdomen, side view; 2, same, caudal view; 3-5, Wesmaelius (Kimminsia) suudtirrubicus n. sp.; 3, apex of abdornen, holotype 8, side view; 4, same, apex of ectoproct, inside; 5, apes of abdomen, paratype P, side view. Scale: 0.5 mm. 6-9, Wesmuelius (Kimminsia) saudiarabicus n. sp., holotype 8; 6, gonarcus, dorsal view; 7, gonarcus, side view; 8, parameres, dorsal view; 9, parameres, side view. Scale: 0.25 mm.

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9,1988

Wesmaelius (Kimminsia) navasi (AndrCu, 19 11) Buriomyia navasi Andrttu, 1911: 58. Wesmaelius (Kimminsia) navasi (AndrCu). - Aspock et al. 1980: 205. Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 1 8, Wadi Salbukh, 15.1V.1977; 1 P, Hofuf, 24.V.1978, W. Buttiker.

Dis t r ibut ion: Spain, Greece, Malta; Madeira, Canary Islands, Morocco; Anatolia, South Russia, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Lebanon, Palestine, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan (Asi~~clt et al. 1980).

Micromus sjoestedti Weele, 19 10 Micrumus sjoestedti Weele, 1910: 18. Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 1 8, Wadi Dhi Khul, 20.11.1980, W. Biittiker.

TJEDER (1961) has examined the type specimen from Tanzania and published figures of the 8 and P genital structures. I have no doubts that the Arabian specimen belongs to this species, which in the meantime also has been recorded from the Cape Verde Islands (OHM & HOLZEL 1982).

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia; South Africa, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Tanzania, Cape Verde Archipela-

go.

Sympherobius (Sympherobius) fallax Navas, 1908 .liynpberubiusfallax Navas, 1908: 408. Material: Saudi Arabia: 15 exs, Najran, 20.1X.1978, W. Riittiker.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Palestine, Lebanon, Turkey; Spain, Greece, Malta; Canary Islands, Madeira, Morocco, Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia (ASPOCK et al. 1980); Cape Verde Archipelago ( O I ~ I & H ~ I ~ Z E L 1984).

Fam. Chrysopidae

In HOI.ZEL (1980) 17 species were recorded from Saudi Arabia. Due to the receipt of new material, the total can now be increased to 23; 3 species are described as new.

Subfam. Chrysopinae

Tribe Italochrysini

ltalochrysa pittawayi n. sp. I io lotype: P, Saudi Arabia, Muhayl (Asir), 11.1V.1983, A .R . Pittaway (in coll. Holzel).

A relatively small, stout Italocbr_~a-species with spotted wings; length of forewings 13.5 mm, hindwings 12 mm.

Head yellowish without spots. Palpi and other mouthparts of the same colour. Antennae stout and rather short (distinctly shorter than forewings); scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum black. Thorax yel- low. Pronotum with broad reddish brown lateral margins; mesonotum: brown spots on prescutum along the anterior margin, over the sutures between prescutum and scutum and between scutum and scutellum; brown patches laterally on scutum. Metanotum: brown spots forming broad lateral bands, and a roundish spot on anterior margin of scutellum. Wings: membrane hyaline with blackish spots as shown in fig. 10. Pterostigma elongate, pale brownish. Forewings: intramedian cell triangular; C and Sc entirely pale, all other longitudinal veins pale at base and dark brown in apical half; base of C with a small brown spot, base of R with a fine brown line. Crossveins: costals near the base of the wings brown, in apical half pale; all other crossveins dark brown. Hindwings: all veins near the base of wings

pale, gradually darkening apically. Hairs on veins dark brown, marginal fringes short, black. Legs yellowish with short dark hairs, brownish on apical parts of femora and tibiae; tarsi brown, claws with basal tooth. Abdomen reddish brown with yellow patches laterally and ventrally; hairiness short, pale. Apex as shown in fig. 11: sternite 7 at apex square with a broad list-like apodeme along the posterior margin; spermatheca and subgenitale as in figs 12 and 13.

Fig. 10: Italocbtysapittawayi n. sp., holotype P.

I. pittaw+ n. sp. can be distinguished from all other known Italochya-species of the region by the markings on head and pronotum (head unspotted, pronotum with broad reddish brown lateral bands) and, particularly, by the striking broad apodeme along the hind margin of sternite 7. 'I'he triangular intramedian cell is quite unusual within this genus, but, as I had only one single female at hand, I am not able to decide whether this represents the standard pattern or not.

The species is dedicated to its collector, A.R. Pittaway, London.

Italochysa arabica n. sp. Holotype: 9 , Saudi Arabia, Wadi Shuquh, 1440 m alt., 6.1V.1980, W. Biittiker (NHhfH). - Paratype: 1 9 in alcohol,

sarne data as holotype.

A medium-sized Italochrya-species with spotted wings; length of forewings 16 mm, hintlwings 15 mm.

Head yellowish with broad areas of reddish brown on vertex, between the antennae, on genae and

Figs 11-17: 11-13, ItaLocb5ysapittawayi n. sp.; 11, apex of abdomen, holotype P, side view; 12, spermatheca, side view; 11, apex

of abdomen with suhgenitale, ventral view; 14-17, ItaIocbyu arabica n. sp.; 14, apex of abdomen, holotype P, ventral view; 15,

same, side view; 16, spermatheca, side view; 17, claw of foreleg. Scale: 0.5 mm.

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9,1988

Fig. 18: Italochcysa arabica n. sp., holotype '2, right forewing. Scale: 0.5 rnrn.

clypeus. Palpi pale brown, annulated with yellow. Antennae: scape reddish brown with paler areas on upper surface, flagellum dark brown. Thorax yellow. Pronotum with broad reddish brown stripes along the anterior and near the posterior margin. Mesonotum: reddish brown along the anterior margin of prescutum, over the sutures between prescutum and scutum and between scutum and scutellum. Metanotum: broad parts of prescutum and sutures between scutum and scutellum reddish brown. Wings: membrane hyaline with blackish spots as shown in fig. 18. Pterostigma elongate, yellowish. Forewings: intramedian cell subrectangular; most longitudinal veins pale yellowish; Rs black at base and in apical portion, for the rest yellowish with dark streaks at crossveins; anal veins black in apical parts; all crossveins besides a few costals near the pterostigma, all veins between R and Rs, all veins between pseudomedia and pseudocubitus, and all prongs at wing margins black. Hindwings: venation pale, most veins in apical parts of the wings blackish. Hairs on veins and fringes dark brown. Legs yellowish; femora and tibiae heavily marked with brown at base and apex; tarsi brownish; claws with basal tooth (fig. 17). Hairs on hind femora pale, on other parts black. Abdomen yellowish with brown bands across posterior parts of the segments, dorsally and ventrally. Apex as shown in fig. 15: tergite 9 + ectoprocts with narrow dorsal portion and obliquely expanded lower portion; sternite 7 with dis- tinct projecting tip below the base of the subgenitale; subgenitale and spermatheca with partly sclerotized bursa copulatrix as shown in figs 14 and 16.

Italochyra arabica n. sp. superficially resembles I. asirensis from SW-Arabia; it can be differentiated by the markings on pronotum and wings: in asirensis the pronotum is mostly reddish brown with small yellowish areas, in arabica it is yellow with transverse reddish brown stripes along the anterior and near the posterior margin. In asirensis the anal veins of forewings are pale with black shadings at apex of 3A, in arabica the anal veins are black and shaded.

Tribe Chrysopini

Mallada spadix n. sp. Holotype: 8, Saudi Arabia, Wadi Shumran, 12.-13.11.1980 (NHPVIB). - Paratypes: 2 PP, same place; 19, Wadi Icarrar,

10.11.1980, W. Buttiker (material in alcohol) (NHMB); 1 P, Asir, Wadi Morah, 2000 rn alt., 81 km S of Biljurshi, 29.1V.- 2.V.1979, H.G. Arnsel; 1 9, Asir, Muhayl, 800 m alt., 8.1.1983, A.R. Pittaway (in coll. Holzel).

Medium-sized, pale brown species, length of forewings 8 9 mm, Q 10-11 mm, hindwings 8 8 mm, 9 9-10 mm.

Head yellowish with a broad brown, somewhat angular stripe across the face below the antennae, a brown elongate stripe on genae, and a narrower stripe along the upper and lateral margins of clypeus; elevated part of vertex partly or entirely brown. Palpi brown. Antennae: scape yellow with a brown

lateral stripe, pedicel brown, flagellum yellowish brown. Thorax pale brown with pale hairs. Pronotum with brown lateral bands and with irregular small brown dots; meso- and metanotum with some roundish brown spots. Wings as shown in fig. 19; membrane hyaline, in forewings brownish shadings over the second cubital crossvein and over the third anal vein. Longitudinal veins pale, a dark brown stripe at base of C and Sc, brown spaces at crossveins and on marginal forks. All crossveins partly or entirely dark brown. Hindwings: membrane without shadings, venation mostly pale with short brown spaces as in forewings; costals and gradates wholly brown; number of gradates: in forewings 2-4 inner row, 4-5 outer row, in hindwings 1-3 resp. 3-4. Hairs on veins dark brown, marginal fringes short, pale. Legs pale brown with short pale hairs; coxae of forelegs with two brown spots; tarsal claws with basal tooth. Abdomen pale brown with rather long pale hairs, apex (8) as shown in fig. 20. Genital structures: gonarcus with entoprocessus and arcessus as in figs 22 and 23, tignum and gonapsis as in

figs 24 and 25. Apex of Q abdomen see figs 21 and 26. M. spadix closely resembles M. venoseIIus (Esben-Petersen) from South Africa. TJ~IILK (1966)

redescribed this species and published figures of 6 and 9 genital structures. For comparison 1 also used material recently collected in Transvaal. Both species may be distinguished from one another by several features: M. venosellus is a dark brown species with dark brown antennae (scape dorsally, flagellum with pale annulations). The forewings show brown shadings over the base of Rs, the inner row of gradates and over the second cubital crossvein. The genital structures of both species are rather similar with only small distinctions, so e.g. the entoprocessus in veno~ellus are subtriangular with pointed, inwardly direct- ed tip; in spadix n. sp. they are rectangular in caudal view.

Fig. 19: Mallada spadix n. sp., paratype P.

Suarius sodomensis Holzel, 1982 Suarius sodomensis Holzel, 1982a: 116. Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 7 exs, 16 km W of Badr Hunayn, 18.IV. 1979, KAU-NHMB - first record.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Palestine.

Suarius andresi (Navas, 19 15) Cbrysopa andresi Navas, 1915: 394. Suarius andresi (Navas). - Holzel 1982a: 113. Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 4 exs, 35 km N of Muhayl, 7.X1.1982, A.R. Pittaway - first record.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Oman, Iran; Sudan, Egypt, Algeria.

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9,1988

Bvinckoch ysa plagata (Navas, 19 29) C ~ ~ S O ~ U plagata Navas, 1929: 362. Brinckocbrysaplagata (Navas). - Ohm & Holzel 1982: 160; Holzel 1987b: 263. Material: Saudi Arabia: 1 9 , Al Foga (Asir), 21.V.1983. A.R. Pittaway - first record.

The species was described from the Cape Verde Islands and, so far, has only been recorded from there. In a paper on South African Chrysopidae (HOLZEL 1987b) I redescribed B. plugutu and published figures of the genital structures. There can be no doubt that the specimen from Saudi Arabia belongs to that species, which in the meantime has also been found in material from Oman and the northern Sudan. So, B. plugutu seems to be distributed at least over parts of Africa between the Cape Verde Archi- pelago and Sudan and the Arabian peninsula.

Dis t r ibut ion: Cape Verde Islands, Sudan; Saudi Arabia, Oman.

Fam. Myrmeleonidae

The annotated list of Myrmeleonidae of Saudi Arabia (HOLZEL 1982b, 1983) is further supplement- ed in this third part. The number of additions is 12, bringing the total to 100 species; 5 species new to science, are described, and additional information and new records are provided for a few species dealt with in HOLZEL (1982b).

Figs 20-32: 20-26, Mullada spud& n. sp., holotype 8; 20, apex of abdomen, holotype 8, side view; 21, apex of abdomen, paratype 9, side view, 22, gonarcus with entoprocessus and arcessus, holotype 8, ventral view; 23, same, side view; 24, tignum, dorsal view; 25, gonapsis, dorsal view; 26, subgenitale, paratype 9, ventral view; 27-29, Palpares venustus n. sp., holotype 8; 27, apex of abdomen, side view; 28, gonarcus and parameres, dorsal view; 29, same, lateral view; 30, Cuetagenialis n. sp., holotype 8, apex of abdomen, side view; 31, Jolter tenellus n. sp., holotype 9, apex of abdomen, ventral view; 32, Sulterparvzllus, paratype P, apex of abdomen, ventral view. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Subfam. Palparinae

Tribe Palparini

Stenares irroratus Navis, 1912 Stenarcs irroratus Navas, 19 12: 204. Material: Saudi Arab~a: 1 9, Al Hada (Taif), 24.V1.1983, A.R. Pittaway - first record.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Oman, Sinai.

Palpares venustus n. sp. Holotype: 8, Saudi Arabia, Wadi Juraisi, 30.V.1980 (NHMB). - Paratypes: 1 P, same place; 1 P, Icushm al Buwaybiyat,

26.V.1978; 1 8 , Kushm Dibi, 19.V.1978, W. Buttiker (NHMB and coll. Holzel).

A rather small Palpares-species with plain brown thorax and heavily spotted wings; length of fore- wings ($) 42-44 mm, (9 ) 46-47 mm, hindwings ($) 39-41 mm, ( 9 ) 43-45 mm.

Head luteous with dark brown areas on epicranium; palpi and antennae brown. Thorax brown with dense white hairs, pronotum very short and without median stripe. Wings with large brown areas as shown in fig. 46; venation pale, in spotted areas brown. Male with pillula axillaris. Legs brown with black spines and hairs; tibia1 spurs as long as the tarsal segments 1 + 2 together. Abdomen (6) distinctly longer than wings, brown with white hairs on segments 1 and 2 and black hairs otherwise; apex with long ectoprocts as shown in fig. 27; gonarcus and parameres as in figs 28 and 29.

The species resembles P. d+ar of this region, especially in size and markings of the hindwings. It can easily be distinguished by its colouration: the thorax of dispar is luteous with a brown median stripe on pronotum.

Palpares klugi Kolbe, 1898 Palpares papilionoides var. Klug, 1834: pl. 35, fig. 3. Palpares klugi Kolbe, 1898: 230; Holzel 1982b: 246. Material: Saudi Arabia: 18 , 2 PP, Asir, Muhayl, 800 m alt., 11.1V.1983, A.R. Pittaway; 1 9, Asir, Wadi Tihama, 850 m

alt., 23.1V.1979, H. G. Amsel.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Oman, Palestine, Sinai; Sudan.

Tribe Acanthaclisini

Phanoclisis longicollis (Rambur, 1842) Acanthacliris LongicoLLis Rambur, 1842: 381. Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 1 9 , Ashayrah, Hejaz, 1340 m alt., 14.-15.IX.1980, W. Buttiker - first record.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sudan, Egypt.

Syngenes arabicus Kimmins, 1943 9ngenes arabicus Kimmins, 1943: 154. Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 1 8, 4 PP, Wadi Qatan, 1350 m alt., 20.-23.1X.1980, W. Biittiker.

The species was described from Taif, and so far, only the holotype has been known. Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia only.

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9.1988

Tribe Isoleonini

Cueta klugi Holzel, 1982 Myrmeleon ouritgutus Klug, 1834: pl. 30, fig. 4. Cueta klugi Holzel, 1982b: 255. Material: Saudi Arabia: 1 6, 2 99, Jizan, 5.11. and 22.XII.1980, A.S. Talhouk.

KLUG (1834) described M. variegatus from "Arabia felix" and since then the species has never been recorded from the Arabian peninsula. In recent years, it has been collected in Oman and Yemen.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen; Cape Verde Islands, Senegal, Sudan.

Cueta genialis n. sp. Holotype: 6, Qatar, 14 km W of Doha, 3.V.1979, A.R. Pittaway (in coll. Holzel).

A small pale Cueta-species with narrow unspotted wings; length of forewings 19 mm, hindwings 16 mm.

Head luteous with a dark brown interantennal mark and a brown spot above antennae; vertex with a narrow median line and two lateral spots; antennae brownish, basal segments luteous. Thorax luteous; pronotum about as long as broad with three narrow longitudinal brown stripes; meso- and me- tanotum with brownish spots and lines approximately forming three interrupted longitudinal stripes. Wings as in fig. 47; membrane hyaline with a few brown shadings in forewings; pterostigma brown; venation mainly brown, longitudinal veins partly with small pale areas; seven presectoral crossveins in hindwings. Legs luteous with numerous small brown dots; hindfemora partly brown, tibiae with brown annulations in basal half and at apices (hindtibia at apex only); tarsi annulated with brown; rows

of white bristles on forecoxae, long outstanding dark hairs on hindfemora above. Tibia1 spurs shorter than the basal tarsal segment. Abdomen (8) distinctly longer than wings, luteous with interrupted lon- gitudinal stripes above and on both sides; hairiness white on segments 1-3, dark brownish in apical parts; apex as shown in fig. 30; the gonarcus forms a dorsally sclerotized, ventrally membraneously connected tube-like structure; the parameres are situated apically, a mediuncus is missing (usually si- tuated above the parameres), see figs 33 and 34.

C. genialif n. sp. resembles C. lineosa, also known from this region, but can be distinguished by its narrower, unspotted wings and its very characteristic genital structures: a mediuncus is absent.

Cueta clara Holzel, 1981 Cueta clara Holzel, 1981: 33. Material: Saudi Arabia: 1 P, A1 Qatif, 10.VI.1981, A.S. Talhouk - first record.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia, Palestine.

Solter virgilii Navis, 193 1 Solter virgiii Navis, 1931: 131. Material: Saudi Arabia: 1 P, Abha, 15.VI. 1981, A. S. Talhouk - first record.

D i s t r i b u t i o n : Saudi Arabia, Sinai, Palestine; Sudan, Niger, Somalia.

Solter parvulus n. sp. Holotype: 6, Saudi Arabia, Wadi Nisah, 5.VI.1981, (NHMB). - Paratypes: 1 P, same place; 16 , 1 P, Khashm Khafs,

6.VI.1980, W. Biittiker (NHMB and coll. Holzel).

A small pale Jolter-species with scarcely speckled wings; length of forewings (8) 20-21 mm, (9) 19-20.5 mm, hindwings (8) 18-19 mm, ( 9 ) 17-18.5 mm.

General colouration pale brown. Head luteous with a few brown spots: a small mark above anten- nae, and two transverse rows on vertex. Antennae brown. Thorax pale brown; pronotum scarcely long-

er than broad with a few dark spots as shown in fig. 35; meso- and metanotum with 3-4 small dark spots on scutum. Wings as shown in fig. 48; membrane hyaline with a few brown speckles in forewings along the upper prong of Cua. Pterostigrna brown basally, yellowish distally. Venation pale with brown areas mainly at crossveins and at marginal forks: 4-5 presectoral crossveins in hindwings. Legs luteous with pale spines; dark brown spots at apices and a brownish ring in basal half of tibiae (the latter lacking in hindlegs). Tibia1 spurs in all legs as long as the tarsal segments 1-3 together. Abdomen brown with luteous patches dorsally; apex (8) as shown in fig. 36; gonarcus arch-like with membraneously connect- ed parameres as shown in figs 38 and 39. Apex of ? abdomen see fig. 37; posterior margin of sternite 7 with a short roundish median extension and with funnel-like pregenital plate (a sclerite located be- yond the posterior margin of this sternite) as shown in fig. 32.

S. parvtnltns n. sp. bears considerable resemblance to S. wittmeri, also known from this region. Differ- ent is the length of tibia1 spurs in hindlegs: wittmeri - spurs as long as segments 1 and 2 together;paruuIzis - spurs as long as segments 1-3 together. The main feature to distinguish both species from one another is to be found in the P abdomen: in wittmeri the posterior margin of sternite 7 is extended in two laterals and one median rounded tip (see fig. 31 in HOLZ~L 198213); inparvtlItns the posterior margin of sternite 7 has a broad median extension (fig. 32).

Figs 33-45: 33-34, Cnetagenialis n. sp., holot~pe 8; 33, gonarcus and parameres, dorsal view; 34, same, side view; 35-37, Jolter paruulus n. sp.; 35, pronotum, dorsal view; 36, apex of abdomen, holotype 8, side view; 37, apex of abdomen, paratype 9 , side view; 38-39, JolterparvMlus n. sp., holot~pe 8; 38, gonarcus and parameres, side view; 39, same, ventral view; 40 Jolter tenellz~s n. sp., holotype P, apex of abdomen, side view; 41-43, MyrmeleonpelIncidu~ n. sp.; 41, apex of abdomen, holotype 8, side view; 42, apex of abdomen, paratype 9, side view; 43, pronotum, dorsal view; 44-45, Myrmeleon pellucidus n. sp., holotype 8; 44, gonarcus and parameres, side view; 45, same, ventral view. Scale: 0.5 mm.

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9,1988 63

Solter tenelus n. sp. Holotype: '2, Saud~ Arabla, Khashm Khafs, 6.V1.1980, W. Butt~ker (NHMR).

A medium-sized brown species with unspotted wings; length of forewings 26 mm, hindwings 24 mm.

Head luteous with a dark brown mark above antennae and two transverse rows of brown spots on vertex; antennae brown. Thorax brown with only a few small pale areas; pronotum scarcely longer than broad. Wings as shown in fig. 49; membrane hyaline without speckles. Pterostigma brown basally, yellowish distally. Venation, forewings: longitudinal veins pale with brown areas at crossveins; most crossveins brown. Hindwings: venation mostly pale, only Sc and R with a few brown areas at crossveins; five presectoral crossveins present. Legs luteous with pale spines in fore- and midlegs, pale and black spines in hindlegs; femora and tibiae with brown spots at apices and a brown median ring in tibiae of fore- and midlegs. Tibia1 spurs in all legs as long as the tarsal segments 1-3 together. Abdo- men mainly dark brown, apex as shown in fig. 40; posterior margin of sternite 7 with tongue-like exten-

sion as shown in fig. 31. With the unspotted wings, the species resembles S. pallidzs, also known from Saudi Arabia, but the

P genital structures and the length of tibial spurs in hindlegs are different: in S. pallidus the spurs of hindlegs are shorter than the tarsal segments 1 and 2 together. Sternite 7 shows a straight posterior mar- gin without any extension (see fig. 30 in HOLZCL 1982b).

Tribe Myrmeleonini

Myrmeleon caliginosus Holzel & Ohm, 1983 MyrizeLeon calignosus Holzel & Ohm, 1983: 238. Material: Saudi Arabia: 1 P, Asir, Wadi Tihama, 850 m alt., 23.1V.1979, H.G. Amsel; 1 8, Asir, ill Foga, 18.1X.1983,

A. R. Pittaway.

D i s t r i bu t i o n : Saudi Arabia, Oman; Sudan, Ethiopia, Senegal, Cape Verde Archipelago.

Myrmekon pellucidus n. sp. Holotype: 8, Oman, Wahiba Sands, Shaqq, 21°08'N 5S022'E, 29.V.1986, (NHMB). - Paratypes: 1'2, same locality;

I 8, 3 PP, Wahiba Sands, 21°38'N 59O18'E, 8.VI.1986, M.D. Gallagher. Saudi Arabia: 1 8, Ashayrah, 1340 m alt., 14.-15.IX.1980; 1 '2, Wadi Duwassir, 5 km SW of Khamis Mushayt, 25.VIII.1976, W. Biittiker (NHMB and coll. IIiilzel).

A slender, pale brown Myrmeleon-species with unspotted wings; length of forewings (8) 18-20 mm, (0) 20-22 mm, hindwings (8) 16-19 mm, (0) 18-20 mm.

Head luteous with brown markings: two small spots on clypeus, large brown spots below, between

and above antenna1 bases; vertex with two transverse rows of pale brown spots; antennae dark brown. Pronotum about as long as broad, with short pale hairs and bristles, luteous with brown markings as shown in fig. 43. Meso- and metanotum dark brown, hindmargin of each scutellum yellow. Wings: membrane hyaline, pterostigma indistinct; venation pale, some longitudinal veins (Sc in both wings, Mp in forewings) with brown areas mainly at crossveins; posterior wings with 6 presectoral crossveins; male with pillula axillaris. Legs luteous with brown longitudinal stripes on femora and tibiae; spines black, tibial spurs shorter than the basal tarsal segments. Abdomen brown with pale hairs, with small yellowish rings on the caudal parts of segments 2-7; apex (8) as shown in fig. 41; ectoprocts yellowish with dense black hairiness, ventral surface straight, not projected ventrally, and with a row of short black bristles; gonarcus and parameres see figs 44 and 45; apex of 0 abdomen as shown in fig. 42.

The paratypes agree in all essential details with the holotype but show considerable variations of the brown markings on thorax and abdomen. The species closely resembles M. hyalinus Olivier and can be distinguished with certainty only with the help of examination of the 8 genital structures: in byalinzls

segment 8 is distinctly shorter; ectoprocts with smoothly rounded ventral projection, no black bristles present; gonarcus in ventral view rather square, both branches with a small, weakly sclerotized fork in upper half. For comparison see HOLZEL (1987a: figs 12-15).

Tribe Distoleonini

Neuroleon sociorum Holzel & Ohm, 1983 Neuroleon sociorum Holzel & Ohm, 1983: 243. Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 1 9, Muhayl, 28.1X.1982, A. R. Pittaway - first record.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia; Senegal, Cape Verde Archipelago.

Figs 46-49: Wings of 46, Palpares uenustus n. sp., paratype 9; 47, Cuetagenialis n. sp., holotype 8; 48, SolterpantuIus n. sp., paratype 9; 49, Solter tenellus n. sp., holotype P.

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9.1988

Neuroleon ?pulchellus (Banks, 191 1) Mucronemnrns pnlchellus Banks, 19 11: 26. Ndees princeps Navas, 1916: 106.

Mater ia l : Saudi Arabia: 1 P, Al Foga (Asir), 21.V.1983, A. R. Pittaway - first record.

Unfortunately I have never seen a male of this species, so I am not able to state with certainty whether it belongs to Neuroleon or to Mamonemurus, as Banks thought.

Dis t r ibut ion: Saudi Arabia; Somalia, Kenya.

Table 1: Mynneleonidae inhabiting Saudi Arabia with their occurence in other regions.

Tomatarella mrklz

Stenares irroratus

Palpares dispur Palpares cephalotes

Pabares papihnoides

Pabares klugi

Palpares walkeri

Palpares angustus Palpares venustus

Bankisus muculosus

Acanthaclisis mesopotarnica

Acanthacliss formosa

Phanoclisis longicolh

Syngenes arabicus

Centrochis cervina

Centroclisis speciosa Myrmecaelurus parvulus

Myrmecaelurns laetus

Myrmecaelurns acerbw Myrmecaelurus peterseni

Myrmecaelurus lobatus

Myrmecaelurus pittawayi

Myrmecaebrus luridts

Myrmecaelurus obscurus Myrmecaelurus saudiarabicus

Myrmecaelurus lepidus

Myrmecaelurus phi/& Myrmecaelurus pa4alis

Nophis teillurdi

Nophis Jlava

Nophis lutea

Iranoleon d a k s

Iranoleon arabicns L o w s fidtschenkoi arabicus Maracanda lineata

Gepus invisus

Gepus cunctatus Isoleon arabicus

Cueta lineosa Cueta striata

Cuela klugi

Cueta virgata

Cueta usirica

Cueta amseli

Cueta pallens Cuetu pus ih

Cueta paula

Cueta omana

Cueta solitaria

Cuetu chra

Cueta genialis Gepellu mudesta

Solter hardei

Jolter propheticus Jolter wittmeri

Solter buettikeri Solter pallidus

Solter virgilii

Solter tenelhs Solter pa~vulus

Myrmeleon hyalinus hyalinw

Myrmeleon pellucidus Myrmeleon fasciatus

Myrmeleon cal&inosus

Mesonemurus harterti Gyria lepidulu

Gyria saharim

Geyria pallidu

Gvria arabica Macronemurus delicatulus

Quinenzurus cinereus Ganguilus pallescens

Distoleon laticolls

Distoleon asiricus Pseudojrmicaleo gracilis

Neuroleon leptaleus

Neuroleon tenelhs

Neuroleon taifesis Neumleon long$ennis

Neuroleon pardalice

Neurdeon p o m s Neumleon erato

Neuroleon lugubris

Neuroleon amseli

Neumleon virginew

Neuroleon asirensis

Neumleon delicatus

+ Neuroleon sociorum Neuroleon lirnbatelh

Neurdeon pulchellus Creoleon griseus

+ Creoleon parallelus + Creoleon antennutus + Creoleon desertus

Creolton elegans

Creoleon persicus Creoleon pamulu~

Creoleon pullus + Creoleon ceruinus

Creoleon ultimts

Total 100 species 34 19 9 14 10 14

DISCUSSION

The attempt at a zoogeographical analysis of the Myrmeleonidae-species inhabiting Saudi Arabia (see tab. 1) shows a considerable amount of so-called endemics (34%). This high percentage must be attributed to the fact that neither Saudi Arabia nor the adjacent countries have been adequately investi- gated. Certainly a number of these "endemics" will be found in other countries, too.

Within the Palearctic species (47) we find 14 with Paneremian distribution (Sahara-Arabia-India), 9 species with western Eremian distribution (Sahara-Arabia), 14 species with central Eremian distribu- tion (Arabian peninsula) and 10 species with eastern Eremian distribution (Arabia-India).

Nineteen species most probably represent elements of the Afrotropical region; this number is too low; several of the endemics will prove to be of Afrotropical origin.

No elements of the Oriental region have yet been traced.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In addition to those individuals thanked in vols. 4 and 5, I wish to express my thanks for the loan of material to Dr. M. Brancucci, Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Dr. H. Ulrich, Museum A. Koenig, Bonn, and Mr. M. D. Gallagher, Oman Natural History Museum, Muscat. I am also grateful to Mr. H. Elsasser (Institut f. Umweltwissenschaften und Naturschutz der 0sterr. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Graz) for providing the photographs.

FAUNA OF SAUDI ARABIA 9,1988

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Stockholm.

Author's address: Herbert Holzel, Annenheim 160, A-9520 Sattendorf, Austria.

Bibliography of the Neuropterida Bibliography of the Neuropterida Reference number (r#): 6677 Reference Citation: Hölzel, H. 1988 [1988.05.31]. Neuroptera of Arabia: Fam. Sisyridae, Hemerobiidae, Chrysopidae (Part 2) and Myrmeleonidae (Part 3). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 9:52-67. Copyrights: Any/all applicable copyrights reside with, and are reserved by, the publisher(s), the author(s) and/or other entities as allowed by law. No copyrights belong to the Bibliography of the Neuropterida. Work made available through the Bibliography of the Neuropterida with permission(s) obtained, or with copyrights believed to be expired. Notes: This work made available through the Bibliography of the Neuropterida through the kind permission of Syngenta. File: File produced for the Bibliography of the Neuropterida (BotN) component of the Global Lacewing Digital Library (GLDL) Project, 2006.

6677.pdfBibliography of the Neuropterida