Networking

Networking Module 5

Module 2-2

You Are Here

VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

vSphere Environment

Networking

Introduction to VMware Virtualization

VMware ESX and ESXi

VMware vCenter Server

Storage

Virtual Machines

Operations

Access Control

Resource Monitoring

Data Protection

Scalability

High Availability

Patch Management

Installing VMware ESX and ESXi

Module 2-3

Importance


VMware® ESX™/ESXi networking features allow virtual machines to communicate with other virtual and physical machines, allow management of the ESX/ESXi host, and allow the VMkernel to access IP-based storage and perform VMware vMotion™ migrations. Failure to properly configure ESX/ESXi networking can negatively affect virtual machine management and storage operation.

Module 2-4

Module Lessons


Lesson 1: Creating vNetwork Standard Switches Lesson 2: Modifying Standard Virtual Switch

Properties

Module 2-5

Lesson 1:Creating vNetwork Standard Switches


Module 2-6

Lesson Objectives


Define virtual network Describe a virtual switch Describe the virtual switch connection types Describe the components of a vNetwork standard switch Create a vNetwork standard switch

Module 2-7

What Is a Virtual Network? What Is a Virtual Switch?


A virtual network provides the networking for hosts and virtual machines that use virtual switches. A virtual switch: Directs network traffic between virtual machines and links to

external networks. Combines the bandwidth of multiple network adapters and

balances traffic among them. It can also handle physical network interface card (NIC) failover.

Models a physical Ethernet switch:• A virtual machine’s NIC can connect to a port.• Each uplink adapter uses one port.

Module 2-8

Types of Virtual Switch Connections


A virtual switch allows the following connection types: VMkernel port:

• For example, for IP storage or vMotion migration• For the ESXi management network

One or more virtual machine port groups Service console port (ESX)

Module 2-9

Virtual Switch Connection Examples


More than one network can coexist on the same virtual switch. Or networks can exist on separate virtual switches.

Module 2-10

Types of Virtual Switches


A virtual network supports two types of virtual switches: vNetwork standard switches:

• Virtual switch configuration for a single host• Discussed in this module

vNetwork distributed switches:• Virtual switches that provide a consistent network configuration for

virtual machines as they migrate across multiple hosts• Discussed in module 11

Module 2-11

Standard Virtual Switch Components


Module 2-12

Default Standard Virtual Switch Configuration


Display standard virtual switches.

Delete the virtual switch.

Display virtual switch properties.

Display port group properties.

Display Cisco Discovery Protocol

information.

Module 2-13

Physical Network Considerations


Discuss VMware vSphere™ networking needs with your network administration team, such as: Number of physical switches Network bandwidth required Physical switch support for 802.3AD (for NIC teaming) Physical switch support for 802.1Q (for VLAN trunking) Network port security Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) and its operational modes:

listen, broadcast, listen and broadcast, and disabled.

Module 2-14

Lab 4


In this lab, you will create a standard virtual switch and port group.1. View the current standard virtual switch configuration.2. Create a standard virtual switch.3. Verify that your virtual machine has proper access to the

Production network.

Module 2-15

Lesson Summary


Define virtual network Describe a virtual switch Describe the virtual switch connection types Describe the components of a vNetwork standard switch Create a vNetwork standard switch

Module 2-16

Lesson 2:Modifying Standard Virtual Switch

Properties


Module 2-17

Lesson Objectives


Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch:• Number of ports• Network adapters

Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch port group:• VLANs• Security, traffic-shaping, and NIC teaming policies

Module 2-18

Standard Virtual Switch Ports


You can change the number of ports on a standard virtual switch.

Module 2-19

Network Adapter Properties


For each physical adapter, speed and duplex can be changed.You might need to set the speed and duplex for certain NIC and switch combinations.

Module 2-20

VLANs


ESX/ESXi supports 802.1Q VLAN tagging.Virtual switch tagging is one of three tagging policies supported. Packets from a virtual

machine are tagged as they exit the virtual switch.

Packets are untagged as they return to the virtual machine.

Performance is not much affected.

Module 2-21

Network Policies


Three network policies: Security Traffic shaping NIC teaming

Policies are defined: At the standard virtual switch level:

• Default policies for all the ports on the standard virtual switch At the port or port group level:

• Effective policies: Policies defined at this level override the default policies set at the standard virtual switch level.

Module 2-22

Security Policy


Administrators can configure layer 2 Ethernet security options at the standard virtual switch and at the port groups.

Module 2-23

Traffic-Shaping Policy


Network traffic shaping is a mechanism for controlling a virtual machine’s network bandwidth.Average rate, peak rate, and burst size are configurable.

Module 2-24

Configuring Traffic Shaping


Traffic shaping is disabled by default.Parameters apply to each virtual NIC in the standard virtual switch.On a standard switch, traffic shaping controls outbound traffic only.

Module 2-25

NIC Teaming Policy


NIC Teaming settings: Load Balancing

(outbound only) Network Failure

Detection Notify Switches Failback Failover Order

Module 2-26

Load-Balancing Method: Port ID-Based


Module 2-27

Load-Balancing Method: Source MAC-Based


Module 2-28

Load-Balancing Method: Source IP-Based


Module 2-29

Detecting and Handling Network Failure


Network failure is detected by the VMkernel, which monitors: Link state only Link state plus beaconing

Switches can be notified whenever: There is a failover event A new virtual NIC is connected to the virtual switch

Failover implemented by the VMkernel based on configurable parameters: Failback:

• Determines how a physical adapter is returned to active duty after recovering from a failure

Load-balancing option: Use explicit failover order.• Always use the highest order uplink from the list of active

adapters that pass failover detection criteria.

Module 2-30

Lab 5 (Optional)


In this lab, you will design a network configuration for an ESXi host, based on a set of requirements.1. Analyze the requirements.2. Design virtual switches and physical connections.

Module 2-31

Lesson Summary


Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch:• Number of ports• Network adapters

Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch port group:• VLANs• Security, traffic-shaping, and NIC teaming policies

Module 2-32

Key Points


There are three connection types on a virtual switch: virtual machine, VMkernel, and service console (ESX only).

A standard virtual switch is a virtual switch configuration for a single host.

A distributed virtual switch is a virtual switch configuration that can be used across multiple hosts.

Network policies set at the standard virtual switch level can be overridden at the port group level.

Networking

Documents

virtual switchdescribe

virtual networkdescribe

virtual switch configuration

virtual machines nic

separate virtual switches

virtual machine management

module lessonsvmware

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