Networking

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WE WILL BEGIN IN..

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BASICNETWORKING

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What is a Network?

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Why do we network?

• No man is an island, so as a Computer or a device…

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Benefits of a Network

• Resource Sharing

Data and Applications

• Mobility

• Network Storage

• Backup Devices

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Kinds of Network

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Personal Area Network

` `

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Local Area Network

BUILDING A BUILDING B

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Metropolitan Area Network

CITY A CITY B

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Wide Area Network

COUNTRY/CONTINENT A

COUNTRY/CONTINENT B

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Solar Area Network

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Star Trek Area Network

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Network Topology

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BUS TOPOLOGY

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RING TOPOLOGY

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DUAL- RING TOPOLOGY

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STAR TOPOLOGY

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HIERARCHICAL TOPOLOGY

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MESH TOPOLOGY

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PARTIAL-MESH TOPOLOGY

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Characteristic of Network

• Speed

• Cost

• Security

• Availability

• Scalability

• Reliability

• Topology

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Bits of History..

• September 1940- George Stibitz used a teletype machine to send instructions for a problem set from his Model K at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire to his Complex Number Calculator in New York and received results back by the same means.

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Bits of History..

• In 1962, J.C.R. Licklider was hired and developed a working group he called the "Intergalactic Network", a precursor to the ARPANet (Advanced Research Projects Agency)

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Bit of History..

• In 1964, researchers at Dartmouth developed the Dartmouth Time Sharing System for distributed users of large computer systems. DTSS was the first large-scale time-sharing system to be implemented successfully

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Bits of History…

• The same year, at MIT, a research group supported by General Electric and Bell Labs used a computer (DEC's PDP-8) to route and manage telephone connections.

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Bits of History…

• Throughout the 1960s Leonard Kleinrock, Paul Baran and Donald Davies independently conceptualized and developed network systems which used datagrams or packets that could be used in a packet switched network between computer systems.

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Bits of History…

• 1965 Thomas Merrill and Lawrence G. Roberts created the first wide area network(WAN)

• The first widely used PSTN (public switched telephone network) switch that used true computer control was the Western Electric 1ESS switch, introduced in 1965.

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Bits of History…• In 1969 the

University of California at Los Angeles, SRI (in Stanford), University of California at Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah were connected as the beginning of the ARPANet network using 50 kbit/s circuits. Commercial services using X.25, an alternative architecture to the TCP/IP suite, were deployed in 1972.

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Bits of History…

• Computer networks, and the technologies needed to connect and communicate through and between them, continue to drive computer hardware, software, and peripherals industries. This expansion is mirrored by growth in the numbers and types of users of networks from the researcher to the home user.

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Bits of History…

• Today, computer networks are the core of modern communication.

• All modern aspects of the PSTN are computer-controlled

• Telephony increasingly runs over the Internet Protocol,

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OSIOPEN SYSTEMS

INTERCONNECTION MODEL

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OSI MODEL