NES 111

Requirements for the Construction, FittingOut and Testing of Refrigeration Spaces in

HM Surface Ships and Submarines

Ministry of Defence Defence Standard 02-111(NES 111)

Issue 2 Publication Date 2 February 2001

Incorporating NES 111 Category 2

Issue 3 Publication Date October 2000

AMENDMENTS ISSUED SINCE PUBLICATION

AMD NO DATE OFISSUE

TEXT AFFECTED SIGNATURE &DATE

Revision Note

This Issue of this Standard has been prepared to incorporate changes to text and presentation.The technical content has been updated in line with current practice.

Historical Record

Def Stan 02-111/Issue 1 1 April 2000NES 111 Issue 3 December 1994

(i)

DEFENCE STANDARD 02–111 (NES 111)

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION, FITTING OUT

AND TESTING OF REFRIGERATION SPACES IN HM

SURFACE SHIPS AND SUBMARINES

ISSUE 2

This Defence Standard is

authorized for use in MOD contracts

by the Defence Procurement Agency and

the Defence Logistics Organization

Published by:

UK Defence StandardizationDefence Procurement AgencyAn Executive Agency of The Ministry of DefenceDirectorate of StandardisationKentigern House65 Brown StreetGlasgow G2 8EX

DEF STAN 02–111 / ISSUE 2(NES 111)

(ii)

DEF STAN 02–111/ ISSUE 2(NES 111)

(iii)

SCOPE

1. This Defence Standard states the requirements for the construction, fitting out and testingof all temperature controlled, refrigerated victualling compartments in HM Surface Shipsand/or Submarines and Royal Fleet Auxiliaries (RFA) when specified.

2. The Def Stan is not applicable to the construction aspects of Domestic Automatic Refrigerated(DAR) equipment.

3. This Def stan applies to refrigerated spaces which are:

a. constructed on board;

b. manufactured off-site and assembled on board (modular construction).


(iv)


(v)

FOREWORD

Sponsorship

1. This Defence Standard is sponsored by the Defence Logistics Organization, Ministry ofDefence (MOD).

2. Any user of this standard either within MOD or in industry may propose an amendment toit. Proposals for amendments that are not directly applicable to a particular contract are tobe made to the publishing authority identified on Page (i), and those directly applicable to aparticular contract are to be dealt with using contract procedures.

3. If it is found to be unsuitable for any particular requirement MOD is to be informed in writingof the circumstances.

4. No alteration is to be made to this standard except by the issue of an authorized amendment.

5. Unless otherwise stated, reference in this standard to approval, approved, authorized andsimilar terms, means by the MOD in writing.

6. Any significant amendments that may be made to this standard at a later date will be indicatedby a vertical sideline. Deletions will be indicated by 000 appearing at the end of the lineinterval.

Conditions of Release

General

7. This Standard has been devised solely for the use of the MOD, and its contractors in theexecution of contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the MOD hereby excludesall liability whatsoever and howsoever arising (including but without limitation, liabilityresulting from negligence) for any loss or damage however caused when the standard is usedfor any other purpose.

8. This document is Crown Copyright and the information herein may be subject to Crown orthird party rights. It is not to be released, reproduced or published without written permissionof the MOD

9. The Crown reserves the right to amend or modify the contents of this standard withoutconsulting or informing any holder.

MOD Tender or Contract Process

10. This Defence Standard is the property of the Crown. Unless otherwise authorized in writingby the MOD must be returned on completion of the contract, or submission of the tender, inconnection with which it is issued.

11. When this standard is used in connection with a MOD tender or contract, the user is to ensurethat he is in possession of the appropriate version of each document, including relateddocuments, relevant to each particular tender or contract. Enquiries in this connection maybe made to the authority named in the tender or contract.

12. When Defence standards are incorporated into MOD contracts, users are responsible for theircorrect application and for complying with contractual and other statutory requirements.Compliance with this standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Categories of Naval Defence standards

13. The Category of this standard has been determined using the following criteria:

a. Category 1. If not applied may have a Critical affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.

Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.


(vi)

b. Category 2. If not applied may have a Significant affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.

Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.

Through life costs and support.

c. Category 3. If not applied may have a Minor affect on the following:

MOD best practice and fleet commonality.

Corporate experience and knowledge.

Current support practice.

Related Documents

14. In the tender and procurement processes the related documents listed in each section andAnnex A can be obtained as follows:

a. British Standards British Standards Institution,389 Chiswick High Road,London, W4 4AL

b. Defence Standards Defence Procurement AgencyDirectorate of StandardisationKentigern House, 65 Brown Street, Glasgow, G2 8EX.

c. Other documents Tender or Contract Sponsor to advise.

15. All applications to the MOD for related documents are to quote the relevant MOD Invitationto Tender or Contract number and date, together with the sponsoring Directorate and theTender or Contract Sponsor.

16. Prime Contractors are responsible for supplying their subcontractors with relevantdocumentation, including specifications, standards and drawings.

Health and Safety

Warning

17. This standard may call for the use of processes, substances and/or procedures that areinjurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitabilityand in no way absolves either the supplier or the user from statutory obligations relating tohealth and safety at any stage of manufacture or use. Where attention is drawn to hazards,those quoted may not necessarily be exhaustive.

18. This standard has been written and is to be used taking into account the policy stipulated inJSP 430: MOD Ship Safety Management System Handbook.

Additional Information

19. (There is no relevant information included.)


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CONTENTS

Page No

TITLE PAGE (i). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SCOPE (iii). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FOREWORD (v). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sponsorship (v). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Conditions of Release (v). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Categories of NES (vi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Related Documents (vi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Health and Safety (vi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Additional Information (vii). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CONTENTS (viii). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 1.1. . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Requirements 1.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 1.1 Minimum Nett Storage Volume 1.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS 2.1

SECTION 3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS 3.1. . . . 3.1 Modular Rooms 3.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.1 General Requirements 3.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Fittings 3.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Preservation 3.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Drawings 3.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE 4.1. . . . . . . 4.1 Design Parameters 4.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 On Board Construction 4.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.1 General Requirements 4.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 4.1 Typical Arrangement for Cooler Supports 4.5. . . . . . . Figure 4.2 Typical Connection to Low Conductivity Bearers 4.6. Figure 4.3 Typical Details of Phenolic Foam Slab Insulated

Refrigerated Room(s) 4.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 4.4 Typical Construction of Phenolic Foam Slab

Insulated Refrigerated Room(s) 4.8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Electrical Requirements 4.8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Ventilation Requirements 4.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Cooling Units 4.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 Testing and Trials 4.9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6.1 Procedure for Trials 4.10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6.2 Acceptance Criteria 4.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6.3 Test Documentation 4.12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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SECTION 5. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGE 5.1.

ANNEX A RELATED DOCUMENTS A.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ANNEX B ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS B.1. . . . . . . .

ANNEX C PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST C.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ANNEX D TYPICAL REPORT OF THE INSULATION TESTOF REFRIGERATED ROOMS D.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ALPHABETICAL INDEX INDEX.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


1.1

1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION

1.1 Requirements

a. Table 1.1 indicates the minimum nett storage volumes which are to be providedfor a complement of 100 for 10 days duration. These figures do not take intoaccount factors indicated at Clause 4.1d.

Compartment Capacity m3

Cold Room 1.80

Cool Room - Dairy 0.20

Cool Room - Fruit and Vegetables 1.00

Cool Room - Potatoes 1.80

Provision Room - Dry Provisions 1.61

- Flour 0.33

- Dry Substitutes 1.76

NOTE The internal capacity of ready�use cool cupboards, including free standingunits, is to be 0.2 m3 per person for complements up to 35 and forcomplements over 35 an additional 0.006 m3 per person.

Table 1.1 – Minimum Nett Storage Volume

b. Load lines are to be clearly visible to indicate the maximum extent for storingfoodstuffs. The following are the minimum recommended clearances to beachieved:

(1) 300 mm either side of the unit cooler;

(2) 300 mm below the unit cooler;

(3) 900 mm in front of the unit cooler;

(4) 300 mm clearance between the deckhead and stores at all times.

c. In addition to the above, a lockable stainless steel cupboard fitted withadjustable shelving is to be sited in the Cool Room for the storage of Anti�nerveagents (NAPS and COMBOPENS). The cupboard is to be sized on the basis of0.004 m3 per person.

d. The installation of the refrigerated complex is to be capable of maintaining thefollowing room temperatures:

(1) Cold Room -20°C ± 2°C;

(2) Cool Room 5°C ± 1°C;

(3) Provision Rooms 13°C ± 2°C RH 55% to 80%.

NOTE If a separate room is fitted to hold only potatoes, the room temperature isto be maintained at 6°C ± 1°C.


1.2


2.1

2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONSThis NES contains no National/International Regulations information.


2.2


3.1

3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTSRelated Documents: BS 1224, NES 188, NES 763, NES 772, NES 774,SDN 003 500 059, SDN 006 052 121; see also Annex A.

3.1 Modular Rooms

3.1.1 General Requirements

a. Modular components must be capable of being passed through normal accessroutes on board. Access dimensions must be determined for each installation.

b. A level seating is to be welded to the deck to provide adequate securing andsupport to the modular rooms.

c. Gaps between the room and the ship's structure, which are not readilyaccessible for cleaning, are to be closed to prevent the ingress of dirt and waste,etc.

d. A minimum clearance of 40 mm is to be maintained above the room and theship's structure.

e. The room must be rigid under the ship's normal operating condition. Topsteady framework and intermediate supports may be required to preventracking and component springing. In view of the difficulty of adding supportsafter the room has been installed, strict attention must be given to rigidity andfixing prior to the installation.

f. The internal finish of Modular rooms is to be stainless steel. External finish canbe smooth galvanized steel or stainless steel. Stainless steel where used is to bein accordance with Clause 4.2.1o.

g. Provision is to be made for the passage of distant reading thermometer leads,power and lighting cables, heat input test cables, condensate drains, refrigerantsupply and return pipes.

3.2 Fittings

a. Shelving and stowages, are to be provided, consisting of stainless steel rods andfittings with portable keep battens which are to be blanked with plastic caps atthe ends to eliminate dirt traps. The backs and sides of the stowages are to befitted with fixed battens to restrain the contents from coming into contact withthe linings thus allowing free air circulation. Maximum loading of shelves mustnot exceed 300 kg per square metre, evenly distributed. Advice as to the size ofthe stowages can be obtained from SSA/MDMS IPT via the contract sponsor.

b. Emergency stowages are to be provided in passageways with the keep battenssited in a readily accessible position when not in use.

c. Guidance for shelving and stowages is shown on drawing SDN 003 500 059.

d. Particular attention is to be made to reducing noise especially with portablekeep battens whose holders are to be lined to prevent rattle.

e. Distant reading thermometers with the dials situated in the refrigerationmachinery compartment and in the lobby to the refrigerated complex, are to beprovided. In submarines, the dials are to be situated in the main passageway.Dials are to be colour segmented to show the normal operating temperatureranges and are to be located near the `Man locked in Cold/Cool Room' alarm andlight. Guidance on penetration of insulation is shown in drawingSDN 006 052 121.


3.2

f. All temperature sensors of remote reading thermometers and thermostats areto be situated in close proximity to each other.

g. Close fitting portable stainless steel deck gratings are to be fitted inpassageways and within bottom stowages. Gratings are to be arranged in linewith the direction in which the provisions are loaded in order to facilitate thesliding of bulky stores. For ships in service where these have not been provided,NSN 9515-99-252-3190 aluminium gratings can be fitted.

h. The hinged access doors are to be fitted with a non�locking lever handle typefastening arrangement, equipped with an internal release to prevent personnelfrom being trapped inside. Locking arrangements are to comprise of a hasp andeye, with a second eye fitted to permit the hasp to be locked back when thecompartment door is open.

i. Where an insulated air lock is not fitted, thermal strip curtains are to be fitted ateach compartment door.

j. Internal chiller evaporators are to be protected from damage that may becaused during storing.

k. Interior and exterior finishes are to be durable and capable of being cleanedeffectively and hygienically.

l. Finishes are not to crack, chip, flake, rub off or soften under conditions ofnormal service and cleaning.

m. Electroplated coatings on metal parts are to be in accordance with BS 1224.Nickel coatings are to be of a medium application grade. Nickel or Chromiumcoatings are to be to service condition No 2. Cadmium plating is not to be usedon any part of cold or cool rooms.

3.3 Preservation

a. The preservation of the structure for internal compartments is to be inaccordance with NES 763 for HM Surface Ships and NES 774 for Submarines.Care must be taken to ensure that dissimilar metals do not come into contact.To this end, suitable insulation material must be fitted to achieve separation.

b. The use of wood is to be kept to a minimum but where used is to be treated withan approved combined fire retarding and preservation process (see alsoNES 188).

c. All metal parts and fixings used inside or outside the cold room, where they areliable to be exposed to moisture, are to be corrosion resistant or adequatelyprotected against corrosion.

d. Internal linings are not to be painted and are to be left bright.

e. On completion of fitting out, the compartment is to be thoroughly cleaned bywashing with hot fresh water.


3.3

3.4 Drawings

a. Datum Pack construction drawings are to be prepared in accordance with therequirements of NES 722.

b. Drawings, as a supplement to the Test Form, are to be prepared showingprincipal dimensions in plan and in elevation of the refrigerated rooms andsurrounding compartments. These are to show positions of instrumentation,fans, heaters, thickness and type of insulation used at the time of the HeatInput Trial.


3.4


4.1

4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCERelated Documents: BS 1449 Part 2, NES 23, NES 158 Parts 1 & 2, NES 587 Part 1, NES587 Part 2, NES 803 Part 2, BR 4604(1), SDN 006 052 121; see also Annex A.

4.1 Design Parameters

a. Phenolic foam in accordance with NES 803 Part 2 is the preferred insulatingmaterial for Refrigerated spaces whether these are built�in or of a modularconstruction. The material is to have a `K' value equal to or better than0.02 W/metre/metre2 °C. Approval to use alternatives to Phenolic foam must beobtained from the design authority prior to its use.

NOTE Phenolic foam is currently only available from two suppliers, CapeInsulation and Kooltherm Ltd. It is also available from Naval storeson NSN 0414-5640-99-785-6233 and 6234.

b. Refrigerated spaces are to be located in one centralized complex adjacent to themain galley, either on the same deck or in the same vertical plane with aconnecting lift and are to form an integral part of the commissariat. Entry tothe complex is to be via an insulated air lock to contain temperature rises andreduce the machinery workload. Where an air lock is not possible, thermalcurtains are to be fitted inside the entrance to each compartment.

c. Maximum utilization of space is essential in the Refrigerated spaces. Servicesand pipe runs are not to pass through the rooms. The areas of the storeroomsare to be of regular shape with doors opening outwards and located as far as ispracticable to offer maximum storage capacity.

d. The internal capacities of refrigerated compartments are to take account of:

(1) Number of personnel accommodated;

(2) Endurance requirements;

(3) Consumption patterns;

(4) Allowance for adequate working space, chilled air circulation, essentialpipework, unit coolers, shelving, gangways, access and maintenanceenvelopes.

e. Accommodation figures and endurance requirements will be a feature of theNaval Staff Requirement and can be obtained from the contract sponsor.

f. Where no separate dairy room is provided, eggs and cheese are to be kept in thecool room, but within a thin�walled stainless steel locker. This locker is to befitted with adjustable shelves and a stainless steel mesh grille(s) of adequatesize to facilitate air circulation. The above measures are designed to preventcross tainting of foodstuffs. No guidance drawings are available; however,advice can be obtained from SSA/MDMS IPT.

g. Fans and chillers must be capable of meeting the noise, vibration and shockrequirements for the vessel in which they are to be fitted. Advice can beobtained from SSA/MAES IPT.

h. Ready�use cool rooms and cabinets are to be capable of maintaining an internaltemperature of 4°C ± 2°C. Current practice is to fit good quality commercialunits with top mounted cooling machinery. Details of these units can beobtained from SSA/MDMS IPT, via the contract sponsor.


4.2

i. Plant Capacity: Heat load calculations can be difficult and very muchdependent on the stored product and the reliability of the information used inthe calculations. To this end, the method used for MOD(N) applications(calculating five separate factors) is to be as follows:

(1) Heat gain through insulation (structure);

(2) Product Load;

(3) Heat gain from equipment;

(4) Service Load;

(5) Ventilated Air load.

(a) Heat gain through insulation (structure):

These heat gains are to be calculated using the formula:

W = �U � A (To- Ti)

where: W = the heat gain through insulation in Watts.

U = coefficient is the number of Watts passing throughone square metre of insulated structure (includingvoids), per degree Celsius of temperature differenceacross each boundary. For new designs, the Ù' valueto be used for plant sizing is 0.5 W/m2�C.

A = the area of the boundary in m2.

To = will normally be the air temperature within theadjacent compartment. However, when the room isimmediately adjacent to the ship's side or upper deckin the sunshine, structural surface temperatures areto be used. The small effect on the Ù' value can beignored.

Ti = the required temperature within the room.

The above calculation is to be performed for each flat surface andthe heat gain/losses summed to produce a Nett figure.

(b) Heat gains from Product Load:

This heat gain is from stores which, at the time of loading into therefrigerated space are above the design temperature. It is to becalculated using the formula:

Wp = VP

where:

Wp = the product load in Watts.

V = the room volume in m3.

P = the product coefficient in W/m3.

In the case of cold rooms, the product load is assumed to be at thecold room temperature and the product coefficient is NIL. In thecase of cool rooms, the product coefficient is to be taken as 50 W/m3.


4.3

(c) Heat gains from equipment:

This is predominantly the electrical load from fans, tape heaters andlighting. These losses are to be summed in Watts and are designated We.

(d) Service Load:

To provide a margin of performance covering cooling changes of air whendoors are opened, heat from personnel and lighting, a Service Load equalto 20% of the Heat Gained through insulation (Structure), is to beallowed. This is to be designed Ws.

(e) Ventilated Air Load:

Compartments having a respiratory heat load are required to beventilated as outlined in Section 4.4. The resultant heat gains are to besummed in Watts and are designated Wv.

(f) Total Plant Capacity:

The refrigeration plant is to have sufficient capacity to meet the heat loadas calculated above, together with a margin for plant deterioration orfouling.

Plant�Capacity�(kW)� ��(W � Wp � We � Ws � Wv)

1000

(g) The Refrigerating Plant is to be designed and tested in accordance withthe requirements of NES 158.

4.2 On Board Construction

4.2.1 General Requirements

a. Structural projections such as stiffeners, brackets, etc., are wherever possibleto be fitted outside the compartment.

b. Service leads, air escapes, pipes, etc., are to be led clear of these compartments.

c. Prior to wall and crown insulation, provision is to be made for the installationand completion of:

(1) Distant reading thermometers;

(2) Power and lighting cables;

(3) Heat input test cables;

(4) Fresh air inlet and stale air outlet pipes;

(5) Refrigerant pipework.

d. For details of penetrations, reference is to be made to drawingSDN 006 052 121.

e. Compartment penetrations are to be kept to a minimum by grouping similaritems together.

f. The floor insulation is to be Phenolic Foam of density 60 kg/m3 (see alsoClause 4.1a.).


4.4

g. The wall and crown insulation is to be Phenolic Foam of density 35 kg/m3

(see also Clause 4.1a.).

h. The minimum thickness of insulation in low temperature stores (Cold and CoolRooms) is to be 150 mm for all boundaries, except divisional walls betweenrefrigerated spaces where insulation can be reduced to 75 mm.

i. Where structurally integrated ready�use cool rooms are fitted, theirconstruction is to be as for the main refrigerated spaces.

j. The outer doors to the refrigerated room are to be insulated and lined to thesame standard as the compartment they serve.

k. The compartment door is to be insulated with a Phenolic Foam of density35 kg/m3.

l. Cooler supports are to be suitably insulated to ensure there is no metalliccontact between the lining and the ships structure. A suggested arrangement isas shown in Figure 4.1.

m. Where structural pillars are within the refrigerated complex, they are to beinsulated and enclosed within stainless steel sheeting with no sharp corners.

n. The floor panel is to be flat with no undulations that might encourage water tocollect in service, wall and crown bearers are to be of low thermal conductivitymaterial with wood being kept to a minimum.

o. The lining for the internal surfaces of the refrigerated spaces is to be stainlesssteel to BS 1449, Part 2, Grade 316 S13 and Grade 316 S33, secured withstainless steel screws. Approval to fit alternatives is to be obtained from thedesign authority prior to fitting.

p. The deck is to be insulated with two layers of Phenolic Foam of density60 kg/m3, each layer being 75 mm thick with the first layer being fitted underthe floor bearers and the second (top) layer being fitted tightly between thebearers.

q. The Phenolic Foam slabs are to be fitted tightly between frames/bearers so thatno support is required to hold the slabs in position before fitting the lining.

r. The floor linings are to be sufficiently rigid and secured to the low conductivitybearers to allow for rough usage during storing. A typical arrangement isshown in Figure 4.2.

s. The floor is to be welded and worked in the form of a complete watertight traywith sides extending 300 mm above the level of the floor. The floor panel is to beflat with no undulations that might encourage water to collect in service and isnot to exceed 10 mm deviation over the length or width of the space or in anyother direction. Linings are to be as airtight as possible to prevent the ingress ofvapour. Backing strips, secured to the floor bearers, are to be used in way ofwelded seams. Care must be taken to reduce damage to the insulation andbearers during welding. See Figure 4.3 and Figure 4.4.

t. Insulation and linings are to be worked around any deep beams and brackets toprovide the minimum thermal conductivity.

u. Screw piercing of the lining for the attachment of fittings is to be kept to aminimum and where used they are to be coated with mastic.

v. To prevent the movement of air or water vapour through joints, they are to bevapour sealed with a non�porous material.


4.5

Figure 4.1 – Typical Arrangement for Cooler Supports


4.6

Figure 4.2 – Typical Connection to Low Conductivity Bearers


4.7

Figure 4.3 – Typical Details of Phenolic Foam Slab Insulated Refrigerated Room(s)

(See Figure 4.1)

(See Figure 4.2)


4.8

Figure 4.4 – Typical Construction of Phenolic Foam Slab InsulatedRefrigerated Room(s)

4.3 Electrical Requirements

a. The refrigerated complex is to be illuminated with incandescent watertightWellglass fittings, in accordance with the requirements of NES 587 Part 1 or 2and BR 4604(1). There must be independent lighting in every room whichcannot be switched off from the outside.

b. All cables required to run within the compartment, are to be retained usingclips attached to the lining with adhesive or double sided adhesive tape. Thelining must not be penetrated for cable attachments.

c. An audio/visual system to indicate that someone is trapped in any of the Coldand Cool rooms, is to be installed. It is to consist of a set of Red warning lights(NSN 6210-99-923-5758) fitted outside each compartment (see NES 587Parts 1 and 2), with a parallel set sited in the Ship Control Centre (SCC), oranother continuously manned compartment to indicate `Man Locked In'.Additionally, an audible alarm is to be sited adjacent to the parallel warninglights in the SCC. Both audible and visual alarms are to be operable from withineach compartment and are to be clearly tallied to state their purpose.


4.9

d. Cold room doors or frames are to be fitted with a heater tape to preventcondensation and the subsequent formation of ice.

4.4 Ventilation Requirements

a. The fruit, vegetable, potato and any other room storing food with a respiratoryheat load, is to be fitted with a fresh air inlet and stale air outlet pipe to changethe air in the compartment approximately once every 10 hours.

b. The fresh air inlet is to be sited as close as possible to the recirculation inlet grillof the cooling unit.

c. The inlet and outlet are to terminate within the citadel and where passingthrough watertight boundaries, ball valves are to be fitted.

d. The stale air outlet is to be as far away as practicable from the fresh air inlet toavoid the air flow from being impeded. The inlet and outlet are not to be sitedwithin stowage bays.

e. The inlet and outlet are to be fitted with ratproof grilles, and are to be suitablyprotected to ensure that efficient air circulation of the compartment is notimpeded by any stores or fittings when the compartment is fully stored.

4.5 Cooling Units

a. Cooling of the refrigerated compartments is to be by air circulation over coolingunits.

b. Drip trays and condensate drains are to be supplied and fitted by theshipbuilder/contractor to the requirements prepared by the refrigeratingmachinery contractor.

c. 25 mm diameter drains are to be fitted to remove the condensate from thecooling coil drip trays and led to an adjacent lobby at a continuous downwardgradient. Tape heaters are to be fitted to the condensate drain pipes.

4.6 Testing and Trials

a. A high standard of insulation efficiency is required in all refrigerated rooms toensure that the refrigerating plant is not overloaded. To ensure that this highstandard is met during construction, the shipbuilder/contractor is to conductheat input tests on all refrigerated rooms on completion of the insulation andprior to the fitting of pipes and cooling grids etc. For ships in service where thisstandard is to be used, heat input tests are to be carried out at intervals notexceeding six years.

b. There is no requirement to carry out periodic heat input tests on self containedfree standing Cold and Cool cupboards.

c. The heat input test is to be of six hours duration, immediately preceded by apreheating period of not less than 24 hours. During the test and preheat period,the room(s) are to remain closed.

d. Adjacent Cold and Cool rooms are not to be tested together as part of a block.Separate tests are to be conducted to ensure divisional bulkheads are suitablytested. However, adjacent Cool Rooms or adjacent Cold Rooms may be testedsimultaneously, even if there is no facility to allow air to circulate freely betweenthe compartments. Such a test will require the heat input to be introduced intoeach compartment independently and a temperature balance achieved acrossall compartments prior to commencing the heat input trial.


4.10

e. Thermographs are to be situated in each room under test, one being situatedapproximately in the centre of each boundary surface (excluding divisionalwalls) adjacent to the lining. Graphs are to be set low as there is a possibility of atemperature rise in excess of 22°C during the test period. Maximum andminimum thermometers are to be placed on each thermograph for the purposeof correcting the graph reading. Thermocouples and data loggers can be used inlieu of thermographs.

f. Thermometers or thermocouples are to be placed in each of the compartmentsbordering the refrigerated rooms, sufficient thermometers being fitted toenable the average surrounding compartment temperature to be calculated. Adistant reading thermometer is to be fitted in each room under test to observethe internal temperatures at all times.

g. Electric radiators and/or lamps are to be fitted in each room under test on abasis of 50 W/m2 of wall, floor and ceiling leakage area, i.e. the total boundaryarea of the room or group of rooms. Arrangements are to be made to reduce thisinput to approximately 5 W/m2 by means of a variable resistance to oneradiator/lamp in each room.

h. An oscillating table fan is to be fitted in each room to assist in obtaining auniform temperature throughout. The consumption of the fan is to be includedin the total heat input wattage ensuring the necessary Power Factor (PF)correction is first made (generally PF = 0.7).

NOTE PF only applicable for ac supply.

i. Calibrated and tested electrical instruments are to be fitted into the electricalcircuits to enable the total electrical input to each room to be read at any time.Automatic recording instruments for measuring amps, volts or watts are to beemployed.

j. Fresh air inlets and stale air outlets are to be blanked from inside thecompartment. Penetrations for radiator and thermocouple cables, etc. throughthe insulation, are to be made airtight.

k. Where necessary, heat sources, ventilation and draughts, etc., are to beeliminated from surrounding compartments to maintain a steady temperaturedifference between these spaces and the room(s) under test.

l. Cooling grids and refrigerated pipes are to be pumped down to the condenserand isolated. The compartments are to be clean and dry.

4.6.1 Procedure for Trials

a. With the room(s) prepared for testing as stated in Clauses 4.6a. to 4.6l.inclusive, the electric lamps/radiators and fans are to be switched ON.

b. The temperature within each room is to be monitored by use of the distantreading thermometers.

c. The rate of change of temperature within the rooms is to be regulated by use of avariable resistance fitted to the lamps/radiators so as not to exceed 10°C perhour.


4.11

d. When the temperature within the rooms has reached between 15°C and 20°Cabove the surrounding compartment temperatures, but not exceeding 45°C, abalance between heat input and heat loss is to be obtained by adjusting thewattage input. The temperature is to be maintained within 1°C in thiscondition. During certain conditions and ship states, it will not always bepossible to obtain a 15°C to 20°C differential between surroundingcompartments such as machinery spaces, weapon electrical spaces whenoperational, or ships side when subject to high/low ambient temperatures.

e. Maintain this temperature for 24 hours by regulating the wattage input asnecessary until a balance between heat input and heat loss is obtained. This willbe indicated by constant distant reading thermometer temperature withconstant electrical input. Any persistent increase or decrease in temperature inany room indicates that a balance has not been achieved and a further period ofobservation and wattage regulation is required before commencing the six hourtest.

f. When the balance has been achieved the six hour test can commence, duringwhich time hourly recordings are to be made of all the surroundingcompartment temperatures and electrical input.

g. On completion of the six hour test, the radiators/lamps and fans are to beswitched OFF, the rooms opened and the thermograph chart removed. Themaximum temperature recorded by the thermometers sited on thethermographs are to be entered on the respective charts for the purpose ofcorrection.

h. The trials officer is to calculate the room coefficient for each refrigerated roomor block of rooms using the following formula:

UR �WAT

where: ÙR' = the room coefficient.

`W' = the total input in Watts.

À' = the total internal surface area in square metres through whichthe heat leakage takes place. Where rooms are tested as a block,divisional wall areas are not to be included.

`T' = the mean temperature difference in degrees Celsius betweenthe room(s) under test and the surrounding compartments.

i. T is to be calculated as follows:

Mean temperature difference (T) ��As�(Ti��To)

��As�

where: Às' = the area of the common surface between the room under test and the adjacent compartment in m2.

`Ti' = the average of the temperatures recorded in the room under test.

`To' = the area weighted average of the temperatures recorded ineach surrounding compartment during the test.


4.12

4.6.2 Acceptance Criteria

a. For new construction or completely re�insulated rooms, Modular, Built�in andany Ready Use cupboards constructed in accordance with this standard, theÙR' is not to exceed 0.3 W/m2°C.

b. For ships in service, which are constructed in accordance with this standard,when periodic tests are undertaken to evaluate the condition of the insulation,the ÙR' is not to exceed 0.5 W/m2°C.

c. For periodic testing of ships in service which are constructed using Fine MineralFibre insulation, the ÙR' is not to exceed 0.6 W/m2°C.

d. For periodic testing of ships in service which are constructed usingPolyurethane Foam insulation, the ÙR' is not to exceed 0.5 W/m2°C.

e. For periodic testing of ships in service built in Ready�Use Cool Cupboards, theÙR' is not to exceed 0.85 W/m2°C.

f. For ships where partial re�insulation has been undertaken, the roomco�efficient in any room is not to exceed 0.5 W/m2°C.

g. If the results exceed the above, re�insulation has to be considered. This willneed to take into account any allowance for degradation before the next test,remaining life of the vessel, plant capacity to maintain food at the requiredtemperature, evidence of condensation, cost and programme implications.

h. The responsibility, procedures and organization required to specify, authorizeand accept the tests and trials conducted in new construction ships is defined inNES 23.

i. The quality assurance representative as defined in NES 23, for newconstruction ships, will accept or reject the results of each trial. For ships inservice, DLO is the accepting authority.

j. A concession is to be sought from the Design Authority in the event that theabove acceptance criteria is not met.

4.6.3 Test Documentation

a. A test form, including drawings and charts, for the heat input trial is to beproduced and authorized by the test group. A typical test form is shown atAnnex D.

b. The completed test form is to be forwarded to SSA/MAES IPT.

c. Test forms are available from DSDC(L), Llangennech, Llanelli, Dyfed,SA14 8YP.


5.1

5. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGEThis NES contains no Corporate Experience and Knowledge information.


5.2


A.1 ANNEX A.

ANNEX A.A.

RELATED DOCUMENTS

A1. The following documents and publications are referred to in this NES:

BS 1224 Specification for Electroplated Coatings of Nickel and Chromium

BS 1449 Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip

Part 2: Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,Sheet and Strip

JSP 430 Ship Safety Management System Handbook

Volume 1: Policy and Guidance on MOD Ship and Equipment SafetyManagement

NES 23 The Requirements for the Organization of Tests and Trials Duringthe Construction and the Conversion of HM Surface Ships andConventional Submarines

NES 158 Refrigerating Systems, Cooled Spaces

Part 1 Design and Installation

Part 2 Testing see * below

NES 188 Requirements for the Procurement, Storage and Use of Timber

NES 587 Requirements for Lighting Systems

Part 1: HM Surface Ships

Part 2: Submarines

NES 722 Requirements for the Preparation, Identification and Management ofDrawings

NES 763 Requirements for the Preservation and Painting of Compartments inHM Surface Ships (Restricted Commercial)

NES 774 Requirements for the Preparation and Painting of Submarines(Restricted Commercial)

NES 803 Requirements for Plastic Foam Thermal Insulation Material

Part 2: Plastic Foam Products, Phenolic Foam for Cold and CoolRooms

BR 4604(1) Illustrated Schedule of Lighting Equipment in HM Ships. New andCurrent Lighting Fittings

SDN 003 500 059 Shelf Stowage Arrangements

SDN 006 052 121 Cold and Cool Room Penetrations

* In course of preparation. Until published, guidance should be sought from SSA/MAES IPT


A.2ANNEX A.


B.1 ANNEX B.

ANNEX B.B.

ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS

B1. For the purpose of this NES the following abbreviations apply:

BR Book of Reference

BS British Standard

DAR Domestic Automatic Refrigerated

DGST(N) Director General Stores (Navy)

DLO Defence Logistics Organisation

DPA Defence Procurement Agency

JSP Joint Services Publication

MOD Ministry of Defence

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

NES Naval Engineering Standard

NSN NATO Stock Number

PF Power Factor

RFA Royal Fleet Auxiliary

RH Relative Humidity

SCC Ship Control Centre

SDA Supply Design Authority

SDN Service Drawing Number

SSA/MDMS IPT Ship Support Agency/ Marine Domestic, DetectionMonitoring, Steering & Stability Integrated Project Team

SSA/MAES IPT Ship Support Agency/ Marine Auxiliaries, Environment &Steam Systems Integrated Project Team

B2. For the purpose of the NES the following definitions apply:

ÙR' room coefficient This is a comparative measure of the efficiency of theinsulation in a room or suite of rooms. It is similar to, butnot the same as, the Ù' value which is specific to theinsulation on a particular boundary. It has the unitsW/m2°C.

Ù' coefficient This represents the number of Watts passing through onesquare metre of insulated structure (including voids), perdegree Celsius of temperature difference across theinsulation.

Thermal Conductivity`k' value

The quantity of heat which will be conducted in unit timethrough one square metre of a material of one metrethickness with 1°C temperature difference between thefaces. It is referred to as the `k' value and has the unitsWatts/metre/metre2°C.

Cold Room(low temperature store)

For the stowage of frozen meat, fish, poultry, margarine,butter, quick frozen vegetables etc.


B.2ANNEX B.

Cool Rooms For the stowage of fruit, potatoes, fresh vegetables, driedcompressed yeasts and dairy produce (eggs, cheese, milketc).

Dry Provision Room For the stowage of flours, pulses, tinned and packaged food.

Flour Store(where separatelyinstalled)

For the stowage of flour, bread mix, scone mix, sponge mix,custard powder etc.

Built�in construction When the complete cold/cool rooms are constructed onboard.

Modular construction When the complete cold/cool rooms have been constructed ina factory and assembled on board.


C.1 ANNEX C.

ANNEX C.C.

PROCUREMENT CHECK LISTThis NES contains no Procurement Check List information.


C.2ANNEX C.


D.1 ANNEX D.

ANNEX D.D.

TYPICAL REPORT OF THE INSULATION TEST OF REFRIGERATED ROOMS

ANNEX D.

When completed this form is to be forwarded toDLO, SSA/MAES IPT /MAES5, Foxhill, Bath in Triplicate.


D.2ANNEX D.

m3


D.3 ANNEX D.


D.4ANNEX D.


INDEX.1

ALPHABETICAL INDEX

(Note: Page numbers are given)

AAir change, 4.9

Alarms, 4.8

CCold Room, 1.1

COMBOPENS, 1.1

Cool Room, 1.1

Coolers, 4.9

DDesign Parameters, 4.1

Design Requirements/Guidance, 4.1

Doors, 3.2, 4.4, 4.9

Drains, 4.9

Drawings, 3.3

Drip trays, 4.9

Dry Provisions, 1.1

EElectric radiators, 4.10

Electrical Requirements, 4.8

Emergency stowages, 3.1

FFans, 4.10

Fittings, 3.1

Fresh air, 4.9, 4.10

GGeneral Requirements, 3.1, 4.3

LLighting, 4.8

Load Lines, 1.1

MMilitary Standards/Requirements, 3.1

Modular, 3.1

Modular Rooms, 3.1

NNAPS, 1.1

OOn Board Construction, 4.3

PPenetrations, 4.3

Performance, 1.1

Phenolic foam, 4.1, 4.3, 4.4

Plant capacity, 4.2, 4.3

Portable Deck Gratings, 3.2

Potato room, 1.1

Power factor, 4.10

Preservation, 3.2

Product Load, 4.2

RRatproof grilles, 4.9

Ready-use cupboards, 4.1, 4.4

Requirements, 1.1

SService Load, 4.2

Shelving, 3.1

Storage volumes, 1.1

Stowages, 3.1


INDEX.2

TTesting, 4.9

Thermal Curtains, 3.2

Thermocouples, 4.10

Thermographs, 4.10, 4.11

Thermometers, 3.1, 3.2, 4.10, 4.11

Trials, 4.9

V

Ventilated Air Load, 4.3

Ventilation Requirements, 4.9

Inside Rear Cover

© Crown Copyright 2000

Copying Only as Agreed with DStan

Defence Standards are Published by and Obtainable from:

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File Reference

The DStan file reference relating to work on this standard is D/DStan/069/02/111.

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When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts users are responsible for their correctapplication and for complying with contractual and statutory requirements. Compliance witha Defence Standard does not in itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Revision of Defence Standards

Defence Standards are revised as necessary by up issue or amendment. It is important thatusers of Defence Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest issue oramendment. Information on all Defence Standards is contained in Def Stan 00-00 Standardsfor Defence Part 3 , Index of Standards for Defence Procurement Section 4 ‘Index of DefenceStandards and Defence Specifications’ published annually and supplemented regularly byStandards in Defence News (SID News). Any person who, when making use of a DefenceStandard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to notify UK DefenceStandardization (DStan) without delay in order that the matter may be investigated andappropriate action taken.

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