nepcoH, TpH npHABopHbie KapeTbi, HmnepaTpxna …. Ogarkova.pdf · cemb KapeT npHABopHinx EJIH3aBeTb1 IleTpomm, 3aTem KapeTH "3HaTHbIX nepcoH", TpH npHABopHbie KapeTbi, HmnepaTpxna

TIAHEFHPWIECKHE KAHTbI B 1IECTb HMIIEPATPHLI

EJIH3ABETLI IIETPOBHbI H EKATEPHHbI II

HamaAust 02apicoea

HaHerHpkinecKHe "necHH" KaK o6pa3ad ocfainHanhHoro HcxyccTsa 03Bramann KopoHanHoHHIne 111eCTBHR 14 BcTpenn HmnepaTplin EJIH3aBeTb1 IleTp0BHb1 14

EKaTepHHbI II. B HapCTBOBaHHH 3THX HmnepaTpHn KaHTb1 npHo6penH ampo-Koe pacnpocTpaHeHHe, H 3TO He cnynaikHo. IlaHerHpHnecimft KaHT pOnHJICSI B

pamxax nepemoHHanbHmx chopm npHABopHoil )KH3HH esponeAcKoro 06pa3na, ycHnenHo BHenpnBunixcn HeTpom I. H noTomy ero nonb, a BcneA 3a Heil

ExaTerma, ce6n nponamBaTenbiamamH Benmal IleTpa, o6cTaBnznx CBOH rpaHnHo3Hble TpHymchanbHme 111eCTBH51 B nyxe Tpanannil neTpoBcKoil 3110X11. C Tex xce HeTp0BCKIIX BpemeH CJIaBHJIbHbIe KaHTbI CTaJIH HCHOJIHRTbCA

Ha nepemoHHanbHmx o6e)ax B AHH AllHaCTIVIeCKHX, BHKTOpHalIbHbIX H nponxx rocynapcTBeHmAx TOp)KeCTB. KaKOBa 6Bina para KaHTOB B KOp0HalAHOHHbIX

pHTyanax, KaK 01114 HCHOJIHRJ111Cb H izem 1114CaJ1HCb?

LlepeMOHHalIbI 14 01111CaH1451 KopoHanHil, HOTHbIe pylconHcHme maTepHamn yica3mBaioT Ha B110JIHe onpeneneHHbie KaHTbI, o3BynHBaBame utectneuR 14M-

nepaTpmg npH whemax B MOCKBy, B YCHeHCKHÙ co6op H BblX0Ab1 143 Hero BO

ABOpe11, BCTpeiIH y TpHymcbanbHbix BOpOT H Tpollge-CeprHeBoil naBpm. B pamKax 3THX nepemoHHA HM OTBOAHflaCb BnonHe onpeneneHHan nponaraH- AHCTCKaS1 p0J1b — npocnaRnarb moHapxHHE., MO1I1b H nponBeTaHme rocy)apcTBa.

rpa11)111403Hbd4 paamax nepemoHmanhinne 11IeCTBHH npHo6pesm B aapcmo- BaHne EJIH3aBeTbI IleTpoBau. TpHymcbanbumil B'be3A HmnepaTpHum B MOCKBy

28 chespann 1742 roga, cyBa no nepemoHHany, COCTOHJI 143 BeBaTHanHaTH no- 3141HIÚ. OCO6CHHO BnenaTnano coBpemeHHincoB B 3TOM KopTence o6anHe poc- Koinmax KapeT. TaK, B Hanane nponeccHH nocne rpeHanepon ee HmnepaTop- CK0r0 BernmecTsa ;_kBaranoch BocemHannaTb KapeT 3HaTHOTO AB0p51HCTBa,

cemb KapeT npHABopHinx EJIH3aBeTb1 IleTpomm, 3aTem KapeTH "3HaTHbIX

nepcoH", TpH npHABopHbie KapeTbi, HmnepaTpxna B KapeTe B BOCeMb affina-

212 Hamanusi 02apicooa

KapeTm C HpHRHopHumn namamil H np.' RJISI inecTHHH HMHepaTpHHbI no TpanaHHH UleCTBHI1 neTpoHcKoil 31IOXH BbICTp014.1IFI TpHymcpanmbie nopoTa: nepHme OT MOCKOBCKOÙ ry6epHHH — Ha TBepcKo y 3emnsmoro ropoAa, BTO-

pme OT CBSITetilHer0 CHHOga — B KHTail-ropone panom c Ka3aHcKoù HepKO-

Bb10, TpeTE.H OT KynenecTaa — Ha MHCHHHKOil ynkwe y 3emn1Horo ropoga, nentepTme — y JIy3b1 pHnom C Aomom ee HmnepaTopcKoro HenHnecTHa. Bnonb Hceti noporn, no KOTOpOfi luna npogeccHH, nocTaHneHm "B napan" nomm, a Tko-ma 6binH yxpaLueHm KospamH H "6oraTEdmH maTepHsimH". 2

Y TpHymchanmibix "CHHORanbHblX" BOpOT HmnepaTpxna 6bula HcipeneHa xopom 113 nyxoBeHcisa H yneHYIKOB CJIaBSIHO-rpeKO-JIaTHHCKOH aKanemm (no nHanHaTb nenoseK C Kaw)(oti cTopoHm). 3 llocKanhxy TpHymcpanbubie W1e3RbI

co HpemeH IIeTpa BenHKoro ocymecTanAnHcb n0 primcicomy o6pa3Hy, neHtme, pacHanoNceHHme C RByX CT0p0H CHHORaMbHbIX HopoT, 6bIJIH OReTbI B pHMCKHe onexqm: "B 6enom onesllum C BeHnamm Ha ronoBax" H C nasponamH BeTBSIMH B

pyKax. Hon aKKomnaHemeHT Tpy6 H nwrasp xop BOCIICJI KOp0HaHHOHHbH1 KaHT

"IlpHcne AeHL KpacHbul, HoccHano HeApo", conpononmax nanhHeihnee luecT-Hue.4 B Lk—epemoHHane 1WHBORIITCH HOJIHbIIi TeKCT 3TOrO naHerHpkwa, Irro ro-HopHT o ero HaHmoti conewkaTenhHoti cpyHKAHH B oftHeik KOMII03HIII4H niecT-131451. B TeKCTe npencTaHneH CBeTJIMA 06pa3 HmnepaTpHHIA-criacHTenhHHHhi, nponomKaTenE,HHgbi neHHHA cnoero oTHa, maTepH OTenecTHa. IlpHsenem )Be nocnenHHe erpochm:

IX

Eyan 14 Bempo Bo Bcerjka CINSI

HmnepaTpana I1ETPA Aukil mparaz

CBe'r main, o MaTeph!

lipmczukail oTpama PocanicKa L'ama.

1 06cTozTenhnoe onncamne •ropacecTaennhix nopsgmKoR 6marononymnaro mecT- B mapcTasnound rpam MocKBy H caamenneilwero KOpOHOBBHIN Esl aerycTerunero

HmnepaTopcKaro BennmecTaa IlMneparpHybl ErnicaaeThi fleTpoanhl Camomep*ughl BCOIDOCCIdCK1451, esce 6hicTh awecTane 28 claeapang, KOpOHOBalille 25 anpenz 1742 roma [C116. 1744], c. 6-9.

2 TaM *e, c. 3-4. 3 B npemhimynule mapcTsoBannsi 'raK)Ke 41C110.1114S1JBICb xopom BepKOBHbIX

mani« H yneunKoa cmaaKao-rpeKo-naTnncKoti aKameman (maime acero B moKymenTax npnaommTcm ceemenna o copoKa xopncTax).

4 06cToaTenhnoe onacaane, c. 23-24.

IThuaupugecicue Kuumbl e 4eCM17 E.4113a6eMbl Tlempouunt u EKUMCpUllbt II 213

X Cnerno BcpeTan, Cnerno nocKnmgaz, TBOti EJII4CABET CKunerp cnern *enaem ga npanwr PoccoB B FIBCOWI'CHH1.1ronbi

B pont,' H ponbt.5

B KOpOHBLIHOHHOM KopTence En113aBeT131 IleTporsHbi B YCHCHCKHi co6op 25 anpenn cornacHo gepemoHHany ynacTHoHano Hemanoe =l'uno HoRnaHHhix. IlpogeccHn nenanach Ha cnenyloupie rpyririm:

1. HmnepaTopcKaH KaHanep-rHapnkm (ee HonoHHHa, no TpH H pAn) BO rna-He c xameprepom, rpacpom II. H. BlyHanoshim;

2. xamep-nancH H HaNcH (Tpvi) gaTE, nenosex); 3. HepemoHmtimeficTephi (KH5131251 1113030p0BCKHft H )OJII'OpyKOB C 3Ce3J1a-

MI1, yicaumaHunce 14I1y1IIHM B nponeccHH mecTa B HepicHH, a 3TM CTOMBI1Me y TpoHa BO Hpemn KOp0Ha1IPIOHH01.0 06pana);

4. genyTaTm OT Kyrieneersa ("3CTIIIIHACK0f0 — nHan- HaTb TpH nenoHeica);

5. HHocTpaHHme xyrnim (TpimangaTb); 6. "manopoccHilciale empimi:A" (copoK 1151Tb);

7. urra6- 14 o6ep-ocinmepm manopoccHilcxxx HOJIKOB (TpcmangaTb);

8. cmoneHcime 6pHran-, o6ep-ochHgephi H panoBble (ucecTbnecHT);

9. nerlyraTm OT ManopoccHH (mem') H 111111XeTCTBB (ACBSITb).

KannerHH H KaHHennpHH:

10. menHHHHcxasi Katigensipllsi (goicropa H urra6-nexapH - neTbipHanHaTb);

11. "rnaHHan Honnu,HH" (nBeHamaTb);

12. "3KOHOM1431" (p,HeHanuaTL);

13. "BOVIIIHHaff" (nBeHangaTE.);

14. "maHyPaxTyp" (nBeHanHaTb);

15. "6epr-xonnerHH" (p;BeHangaTb);

16. "LuTa6c-Kawrop" (nearrb); 17. "KomepH-KonnerHa" (p,BeHanuaTL);

5 TaM *e. Homblil TeKer ony6nnKonan T. H..11141MHOBai : PyKOBHCH6111 necennm XVIII BeKa / Coci'., ny6n., KOMMCHT. T. H. ThiBaHoBoil. M., focmy3H3nwr, 1952, c. 74-75. OH TaK)Ke ncrpegaercm B HO'l'HOM pyKonHcHom C6OpHHKe XVIII neKa — PHE OP,

775, THT. 3351, n. 121 o6. - 122, Ne 118. HOTHA 11 1103TH ,IBCKHil (nonnbdi) TeKCT

Kawra CM. OrapKona H. A. UepemoHnn, npannnecTaa, my3bnca pyccKoro nBopa. XVIII - nagano XIX neKa. CII6., Amwrpidi Bynannn, 2004, c. 261-264.

214 [MUMMIA 02aprama

18. "agmHpanTeficKan Konnerm" (ABeHaRgaTb);

19. "soeHHase' Karmenol (niecTHaxHaTb); 20. "pesinHoHHaH" (neThipHa) mTb); 21. "iocTHH-KonnerHH" (meHamaTb); 22. "Kamop-KonnerHa" (meTmpHammTb); 23. "HHocTpaHHaH" (ommHa)maTb); 24. ripaHHTenbcTHrommi CeHaT (TpaHammTb); 25. o6ep-HepemomulmeficTephi (TIonyxHH 14 A. M. liepicaccionl c AcelriamH); 26. HepxosHmil gepemomfilmeficTep (reHepan-neftTeHaHT, 6apOH 4)OH Rio-

6epar C ›Keanom); 27. reponbgmeAcTephi (ma).

IIIeCTBHe Ha Kopemagmo B YCHeHCKHIi co6op EJ1113aBeTbl rICTp0BHb1

25 &Temi 1742 roga. Fpamopa F. A. Kananorta

HarieutpugecKue ~Mb! 6 ,leeMb E.11113a6eMbl Ilempoenbt u Eicameptiobt II 215

Peramm: 28. riaimi), HJIH rocyrrapcisermoe 3HaM51;

29. rocygapcTnermas4 nenam; 30. rocygapcmenribill men; 31. Ammisi; 32. AepNasa;

33. cromeTp; 34. Kopona; 35. rocpchyphepEr (neThipe), rock-urTa6-xnapTripmericTep, inTanmericTep,

rocpmapman, o6ep-rodrmapuran, Bepxonriblik mapuran (K115131, H. IO. Tpy6eg-Koil);

36. ee nmnepaTopcxoe nennirecTso nog 6a.ngammom 6 B oxpy>Kernm Ka-meprepon (nrecTb), ricama unreful), H o6ep- rodrmencTep C. A. CaJITbIKOB;

37. gnop ee nmnepaTopcxoro nennnecTna (KaMeprepbi, Kamep-roicepEr); 38. "renepannTeT" (LLIeCTIACCAT nocemr.); 39. "Kopnyc 3HaTHOF0 poccnircKoro ingsrxeTcTna" (TpirmaTb IlleCTb);

40. 3HaTHOe MOCKOBCK0e xynenecTno (gennmaggaTb); 41. mocTparmoe KynenecTno (geCSITb); 42. Kanageprapgm (BTopa1 nonomna). ETIH3aBeTHHCKaSI nporreccnst BXOTIFIJIa B YCIleHCKHri co6op, neKoTopEre H3

ee y'IaCTHHKOB B HCM OCTaBaJIHCb, a OCTaJIbHbIe BbIXORHJIH H3 LICpKBH

Apyrvie Asepll. EnfinneTa, 6eccnopno, 3aTmlura Koponagnommiti nrrxork AHHbI

HOaHHOBHbI B YCIIeHCKHti co6op 28 anpenz, BKJI10 ,IaBLIIIA Bcero 20 nommil. OAHaKO EKaTepHHa II, IlleCTBy2 B YCIIelICKHfi co6op Ha KOp0HaIIHIO 22 CCH-

TH6ps3 1762 roga, nepeureranzga EnnuneTy. Ee nponeccrm cocTomaa H3 mi-Tligeorrn °mori )Knnonncirenineri rpyrrnm. 7

Bompanrenne nmnepaTpnrrbi Egmanemi nocne Koponannn H3 MOCKBbI B

IleTep6ypr 20 AeKa6pz 1742 roga Tare 06CTaBlISIII0Cb pamoro polta Top-

6 Banikamz, CRellaHHbiri H3 cepe6piHoi1 H 3onoTo41 naprin Ha urrazrax, yKpaweH-HbIX rleTblpbM31 rep6aMH H qeTbipbmz Bernsenzmn ee nmnepaTopcKoro zenngeerza, ne- C1114 BOCeMb MarlOpOB H BOCeMb HORHOSIKOBHHKOB.

' IllecTzllz, TaK>Ke KaK N BOeHHble napaniz, oco6ezzo J11-06H11 Flazen I. OH HOCTO-

HHHO anaTzposan o6meerzo. TaK, emy 3axoTenoch cnenam 6onee npojkon)Kwrenbnoti nepemonm IlleCTBHA K YCHeHCKOMy co6opy, na6in nponemoncTpnpozaTb ce6z BO zcem BeHHK011eHHH, H noTomy OH yJkJIHHHJI nocTaTomzo KOpOTKI111 nyrb oT pemne8cKoro nBopna ;ko co6opa, 3acTazzz "wecTzne" J(BaN q o6orzyrb KOJI0K011bHK) 1/113aHa Benn-Koro.

216 Hamarnisi Ozaincooa

wecTsamm 14 My3b1KaJIblibIMII "11pHBeTCTBIISIMH". BcTpenan Envi3aseTy xop Ce-

mintappicTos AnexcaHRpo-HeneKoro moHacThipm "HecHmo Ha serpeTeme EH

HMnepaTopcKaro BenHnecisa" ("Fpw, Ham cneT, EnHcaBeT..."). 8 KpoMe riplineRemmix Anyx "xopoHagHoHimix" KaHTOB M0)KHO Ha3BaTb

eine genmil pnn nonynnpHmx HaHerHpHxon B ileCTb EJ1143aBeTbI IleTp0BHbl,

6e3 COMHeHl4S1 FICHOJIHSIBILIIIXC51 B pa3.1111 ,1HbIX HepemoH13ax.9 Cpeng 1114X — HOLITH

He nepege.naHHhiti "xopoHamombur KaHT Tpe):114aKOBCK0f0 B !leen AHHbI 140aHHOBHM (C 3ameH0t4 oTkHoro e)l4HCTBellHOF0 cnona "AHHa" Ha "EnmcaBeT") "La mpascTnyeT ifflech HmnepaTpmcc EJIIICaBeT", 1° KaHTEd `Mena nepsoro nmeph HaLua maTH", 11 "BHBaT npecnanHa camoAep*anHa", 12 "JikHeCb BCH Poc-cHa pacnpoempail gakeph AnaHH", 13 "BceM HmHe pa)Aoem," H "MoHapxliHsi rpg- geT", 14 "3.naThin Beim Hb1He HacTyrnum". 15 3T14 KaHTIDI CJIaBSIT EJIH3aBeTy

KaK "Algeph" HeTpa Hepaoro, "ConHne EJIHCaBeT", "BOHHCTBy xpernmo o6o-poHy", "3auxiiTy geplcsam", "HaAenky" Tkatilly10 OT Bora.

Bo spemn Hepemomm Top)xecTseHHoro "sulecTBHH" ExaTepHim 11 B

MOCKBy Ha Kopoliagmo 13 CeHT316pst 1762 roga upogeccim npoxowa nepe3

8 KaHT 011y6JIHKOBaH T. H. IIHBaHonori: pyxonktcHbnl neceminx XVIII BeKa, c. 73. OH BenellaeTcm B pa35114gHbIX c6opHHKax. YKa>Kem, HanpHmep, Ha ero BapHaHTbi TeKerouom c6opHHKe 1767 rolla — PHB OP, 4). 550, Q XIV.98, .n. 9 - 9 06., e 12; HOT-

HOM PHB OP, 4). 775, THT. 3351, si. 47 o6. - 49, e 45. 9 3Hamw1'en6Hoe KOJIHIleCTBO el1H3aBeTHHCKHX KaHTOB co6paHo B HO'l'HOM

c6opHHKe — PHB OP, 4). 775, THT. 3351. 1() CM. B HO'l'HOM C6OpHHKe BTOpOI1 nonommbi XVIII BeKa — PHB OP, 4). 550, Q

XIV. 141, n. 240 o6.

11 KaHT HOJIHOCTb10 ony6ABKoBaB JIBBaBoBoil: pyKomianzdal neceBBBK XVIII BeKa, c. 70-71; CM. TaK)Ke HOTHblii c6opHHK — PHB OP, 4). 775, THT. 3351, n. 118 o6. -119, e 115.

12 KaHT ony6smouaH .TIHBaHOBOà: pyKornicHbig fleCeHHHK XVIII BeKa, c. 74-75; scrpegaeTcu u TeKCTOBOM c6opHHKe — PHB OP, 4). 550, Q XIV. 13; HOTHOM — PHB OP, Il 550, Q XIV. 16, n. 9 o6.

13 TeKcT BcTpciaeTcsi B pyKOMICHOM c6opHHKe 1767 rema — PHB OP, (1). 550. Q XIV. 98, e 14.

14 KaHT Berpegaercu B TeKCTOBOM c6opHHKe KOHL.ka XVIII BeKa — BAH OP, 16. 16. 19, n. 129 N n. 153.

15 KaHT "3naTb1z Belai HblHe HacTyrnme ucTpeqaeTcA B C6opHHKax — PHB OP, O.

550, Q XIV. 141, n 238 o6. — 239; 4). 550, Q XIV. 16, n. 9 o6.; 775, THT. 33 51, n. 67 o6. — 68, e 65; ony6nmoBaH B KHure "OT fleTpa BenBKoro EnB3aBeTbi FleTpombi: BHBaTbl, naHerwpwlecKHe, nowaHHHble, HaeHraufate, 3acTonbBble, nacTopanbHble, nio6ouuble pyccKHe KaHTbl" (ny6n., ncTyn. Cr. BacHnbeuort E. E., fiamma B A. CI16., Komno3nTop, 2002).

17cme2upte4ecicue xaumbt e qecmb E.4113aHeMbl llempoenie u EKamepuent II 217

TpHymcbanbHme HopoTa (TaK Ace KaK npH wbeme E11113aBeTb1 lleTp0BHbI B

i:mem-nolo CTWIFILly HX 6bIJIO neThipe). Y neTHepThix BOpOT HmnepaTigmy BcTpeTH.no C nompaanemisimm AyX0BeHCTBO BO I'llaBe C npeocusageHHEdm TH-

mo(heem, HORHCCIIIHM eh' xpecT WIB He.flosaHHH H 0KpOIIHBIIIHM Ce CBS1T011 BO-

J1011. TaM *e CTOHJIH CTy)1eHTbI CJIaBAHO-PpeK0-11aTHHCKOPI axaHemmH HO

TpaAHHHH B 6e.11121X OaeS1HHHX, B BeHl1aX, aep>Ka B pyKax IlaBp0Bble BeTBH, H

"ne m enoweHHylo TVIS1 Toro necHL": "Bocrioil Top*ecTHeimo, POCCHH, B03-

BLICH He6ec cHoil rnac". 16 3Ta "HecHb" (oHa HpHBOAHTCH B Hy6.rmKaHHH Hepemoimana) o3HylmHana Hce AambHeilinee utecTime EKaTepHimi YcHeH-CKOTO co6opa.' 7 B TCKCTe KaHTa HpeAeTaHneua H3olueffluaK Ha pOCCHACKHil

HpecTon "myT(past", "xpa6paB", HoccTaHasiumaiomasi npaHocnaHHyK) Hepy H

mo6suHasi cHollx nomaHHbix HmnepaTpHHa:

. somu.earw -raciu.,swo una- ilikffilifillir2111G~11115111~UhillE MOS" ~CP Si1111~~1~111~141111r9iIIR Ala RIMI HOW

ZEIM 71C11.,~MCW 1~10.1~.~ NIMINC.~1~1~ ORMI ,~ 1 ~1.1~ M./

~MIMI» %," IN MI ii1~11 •~1 Mi1111~~111111MI nars amo u ~inimilmeimAs~~iika~~~111111101

"-~lt 110.~1~1111~111111~~111EL1

a ....ma ~irti!~ ~l 4r0~1~/1111■11~11111~ Mffill1~~~111111• .11~1111~~

,mzia~~.~~11~ •••• wirg mmiica~

.beturi Prithoutetar40.0-0 /7 oed-st.«. a 03 ett(e1( soNedr.te esee.

. . i paa ekafirePilkY , 't f i - kainóirizu etecpr,£_ uro°

. •

Lt‘ti. , (fkg *der72.- LI'Mfile• 2 1151: 2? , " C Q4,40* --- Of-,01/2 0 R/3 n ,___, ,

60#~0140. enViti4vea4e.,u4 , íctliOnat i.p.eck 41.40eldà1 "._.

921407e-t&ìfrit4 9e(e- .;;'6 PAIOgd,r 9 e -0217.430R6(k) Carereteii? (04";I

KaHT "BOC11011 TOMKeCTBeHHO POCCHH" Ha KopoHaufflo EKaTepHHLI II. CTpamma pyK01114CH

16 Oruicarnie BWecTBasi B MOCKBy 14 KOpOHOBB1114A rocyRaphiBm mmnepa'rpriabi

EKaTepliBbi II: o6cTosrrenbBoe oraicafflie Tor»KeerBeimbix ❑opmjkKoB 6naronony4Baro

BulecTBBN B BmneparopcKyro gpeStuoio pealmemuno 6orocnacaembdi rpajk MocKBy, 14

ocmgerweliwero KOpOHOBB141451... Bmnepanzubt EKBTCp411161 BTOpb151. [CI16. 18541, c. 26-28.

17 HOTH1A TeKc'r Berpemaercz B c6opBrce XVIII BeKa - PHE OP, cp. 550, Q XIV.

125, m 37 o6 - 39. IlonHbui CTIIXOTB0pHbl41 TeKCT Karrra CM. OrapKoBa, 264-266.

é Gra

218 Hamtunui Ozapicoea

B nomaaamHy CBSITbIM eneem.

Bcesarren nyxa 6narogarb.

TaK MbI eA y* BO3HMeeM

MYJIIPY, xpa6py BO ero Kpar.

JIkaer OH cHny EH Bepy yrHepikHrb.

FlpOTHBHbIX EN HCKOpeliHTb.

Poccoe nep*aBy

3nenarb Hermy.

BeaKoHemy

EH 1113HHeCTb cnaHy. 18

BcKope nocne Koporiagpm EicaTepkma ripeAnpnimmana Heommepamme

110e3):(KH B gemuti,' H MOHaCTbIpH, rge ee 1105113.TIeHHe cera C011p0B0>KRalIOCb

ITHBeTCTBeHHb1MH KaHTaMH. O6paTHM BHHMaHHe Ha pHTyaJI 110Ce111eHFISI HM-

IlepaTpH1]e11 Tpollge-Cepraeaoti '1mm:A 17 oiera6pa 1762 roga. 19 Uepemomia

Burpetix MOHapXHHH OTJIWIa.TIaCb 0006011 TOp)KeCTBeHHOCTb10. Y "CBHTbIX

BpaT" JIaBpb1 K EKaTepHHe BbILIIeJ1 apXHMallApPIT .11aBpelITHA "CO 13Ce10 6pa-

melo B CBS1111eHHOM 0611ageHHH, B HpeT1111eCTBHH XOpyTBeft H CBSITFAX FIKOH". 2()

no 11p0IITCHHH apx11MaHApIITOM 11pHBeTCTBeHHOPI petIH EKaTepHHe 6bIJI

11011HeCeH ")KHBOTB0pS1113411 KpeCT", a 3aTeM HanalIOCI, IIIeCTBHe B "C060pHyl-0

Tponu,Kyro gepKoBb" cuanana no):( nemie monaxamll "Raech 6naroaam CBSI-

Taro Ryxa", a 3aTeM noR nymennyio na.m6y, KO.TIOKOJIbHbIll 3BOH H IIeHHe Ce-

MHHapFICTaMH KaHTa:

FpanH,)KenaHHeilwaa

FpnnH, c npa*akumm HawioM K HaM, ['mal oT rpo6a ;kap HpHaril

B CO3)1aHlibril HyprisopHem xpaM. 21

KaHT 110BeCTBOBaJI O 11eJIH IIpHe3J1a EKaTepHH1,1 — 110KJI0HeHHIT CBSITbIM

MOLIAaM CepflISI, H BOCXBaJIHM ee j106pOgeTeJIH, 01:111a 113 KOTOpbIX, "CBSITOCTb",

1 8 OnHcaHme BIlleCTI31451 B MOCKBy, c. 26-28.

19 flocegeHme BHOBb KOpOHOBaHHbIMH moHapxamm Tporme CeprrieHoil naHpbt S113.1113110Cb o6a3arenbHum pHryanom.

20 OrnicaHHe Hcepanocrueilwero BIECCTBHA 6naromeemBegiuma rocynapbum HM-

riepaTpbi EKarepfflibi AfteKCCCBHbl Camonep*Hubi BCepOCCHACKHA B CHaro-TpoHH-Kylo CeprHeBy Jlaspy H npoHaro, BO OHON JlaHpe 13 Hhicomailwee npmcyrcume EA

PlmneparopcKoro BenpnlecrEsa 11p0H3BORIIMO 6b1J10 yceppnly EA K Bory H yronmiKom ero ropaHecrb npenocraHnsnoinee, oKra6pa 17 ;{Hz 1762 rona. neHaraHo npn Hmne-paropcKom MOCKOBCKOM YHHBepCHTeTe. M. [1762], C. 4.

21 TaM *e.

KaHMN a qecmh EAll3afieMbl 17empotathi te aumepulibt II 219

nowiepicHHanacb oco6o ("Cicomb TA sno6sH SIBMICT K YFORHHKOB momam"). BoivigH B gepKoHL, EKaTepHHa HpHnoxcHnach K xxoHam H "momam npenoao6- Haro OTHa CeprHa"; nocne 6m.na npoin4TaHa eicreHrin, H ExarrepHHe Ho3rna-IIICHO MHOFOReTCTBHC. Ranee 110)1( IICHHe KaHTa "IlpHgn, ExaTepHHa, BTopaH K Ham EJIHCaBeT" oHa noKHHyna LIepKOBb 14 ompaHanacb B orrHeAeHHbie eia

110KOH. Benep 3aKOHIIHJICH chefiepHepKom 14 11JIJIMMI4Hal1,14eit

Ha caeRylonulfi AeHb 18 OKT516p51 HmnepaTpHHa npHcyTcTHosana B Tpoll-wcoil 11epKBF1 Ha BO}KeCTBeHHOII sinTyprHH, rge JlaspeHTHem 6buia npotillTaHa nponobegb, 3aTem 011aTb "HpH.noNoulach mowam flpenoRo6Haro CeprHA" H Ho-

ApyrHe "CBS1TbIe mecTa", B KOTOpb1X "C1351TbIH BO>K14H nonusaioT". OHa He 3a6bIJIa o6paTHTL cime HHHmaHHe Ha HepKosHylo pH3HHHy, ocmoTpeH uepKosHbie ApeBHOCTH, KoTophie xcanosa.rm .11aBpe "esi Bbleonailume npegKn", no3HaKomwriach C nei:mei-1'meg 6H611HOTeK011. KaHTbI 14 B 3TOT AeHE. conpo-BonEkam4 ExaTepliHy. Bo Hpema 06eRa y apxlimaHApHTa JlaspeHTliz "npli H14-

THH 3a BLiconakum 3I110p0Bb1 npoH3BoAHnacb nymenHail nanE.6a, H neBLIHe

nem,' KaHTbI, ASISI BbICOIIA111aF0 HpHCyTCTBH51 CJIO)KeHHb1C". 22 HocemeHHe 14M-

riepaTpuudi "cemiumpcKofi 60FOCROBCK011 nanaTbi" Hanamocb C 11p1413eTCTBelI-

HOF0 KaHTa, BOCIICTOF0 y.114Tennmli 14 cemHHapHeTamH:

CHAHLII,d1 Ha POCCHIICKOM Tp0HC,

BbI, MY3b1, B Hawem FeJIHKOHe

CTIAX BOCBOIITe,

panocm B Hac oTKpokre,

CoKpbrrylo B cepmax. 23

llpH "BbICTy1lHellHH" 143 60TOCJIOBCKA Hanami "OT OHbIX CT)/J1eHTOB BOC-

neT 6bin Kali"' o 6naroaapeHHH Bory, TITO CHOI10611.T1HCb coro CamoAermmuy He TOKMO BHAeTb, HO H TeCHOTOIO cboero >KH,I1H1LIa BMeCTHTb".24

B nem, ExaTepHllbi 6bJMO CJ10)KeHO H HponeTo Hemanoe K0.7114HCCTBO my-3b1KallbHLIX naHertipmos. OR1411 113 Hony.amplibix — "FpngH, gpaHcailwa 'lama maTH".25 B CI3513H C nocemeHHem HmrrepanHuai Slpoc.naana HOHBHJIHCb "CnaR- KH FHMHbl conneTa1" 14 "BCTpC 1110 Aeni maTepil BOCIleT14".26 MOMOHOCOBCKOfi

22 LI,epemommanbHwii, 6aHICeTHb1ii H BOXORHblfi wypHan 1762 roga aa nepmbill rog

gapcwomamm Hmneparrpwkw EKarrepwwl BToposl. C 1-ro amrycTa 1762 [1851. c. 36.

23 OrmcaHme mcepagocTmellwero Bweclawm, 6.

24 Tam *e, 38.

25 CM. B c6opwwe — PHB OP, ch. 550, Q XIV. 125, n. 77 o6. - 78. 26 CM. B c6opHmKe — Q XIV. 125, n. 81-82 m n. 44 o6. — 45. IO. B. Kennww

owm6otwo npmrimcbwaeT nepmylo cwomy Kawra "Bcwerno Rum marrepH nocnere Jlo- MOHOCOBy, CCblilafleb Ha HaMailbHYK) crpoKy KaKai-TO ORbl, BOCBALBeHHOil EnwiaBe're

220 Hamaniui Ozapiroaa

cTpoKoil HatmHaeTcH exaTepknumcimil KaHT "KaKylo paAocTb mnytnalo". 3AeCb HeH3BeCTIIMM COHHHHTeHeM nepechpammosanach "OAa" M. B. Ilomono-coHa, o6pameHHan 13 cHoe Hpemsi K EHH3aBeTe. 27 Ha3013eM TaK)Ke: "Bone-cenHcb o6HTeJIb imech", "BocneHaTH KpacHO, BOCKJIHW1TH rnacHo", "Bocnoe.i neCHb HoHy, FocnoneHH Bory", "BceneHHam Top>KecmyeT, tITO PoccHH roc-HoAcTnyeT" H Ap. 28

AnTopamll CTHXOB H My31.1104 naHerHpHtiecimx KaFITOB morali 6bITb nep-KOBHOCny*HTeHH, 131.11IyCKHHKIT Cnammo-rpexo-naTimciwil aKmemHx. KaK

11313eCTHO, KaHTb1 pacneHanHcb H Ha TeleCTb1 npockccHoHanbHhix 1103T0B-

naHernmeroB. PaHee y*e ynomimancH JlomoHocos. Ero Kaphepe npmpop-Horo no3Ta Hemano cn0c06cmoHann nHcaHumecH "Ha cnytmil" naHerlipn-tiecime COHHHeH1131. BOCII1eCTBM Ha npecTon EnH3aHema IleTpomm y)Ke no oTmeneHo onycamH nono6Horo pona. 29 H B nanbHeilmem OH X10 KoHna cHoeh *143HH men HMeHHO HO 3TOMy HyTH, KOTOpbdi B CBOC Hpema He yganca Tpe-jmaKoricKomy." OAHnecxml cTpA rmoH3HeReHHA JIOMOHOCOBa CKa3aJICA Ha nexcHnecKoil erpyKType KaHTom.dx TexcTos HTopoti HOH0131111bI XVIII BeKa,

(Kesuzmw IO. B. fleCHH B pyK01114CHbIX C6OpHHKaX // 14CTOpIlA pyCCK011 My3bIKH. B 10 ToMax / OTB. KJI. IO . B. Kennbtut. M., Mynbna, 1984. T. 2: XVIII Belo T. 1, c. 175). TaKoil cipotos B ottax IlomoHocon HeT.

27 M. B..TIOMOHOCOB. 1436paHHble npornineneHHA / Ily611., BCTyII. CT., npHM. A. A. Mopo3oBa. MAL, COBeTCKHII nucaTenb, 1965, c 135. CM. B c6opHHKe — PHB OP, c. 550, Q XIV. 125, .n. 70 o6. - 71.

28 3TH KaHTbI CM. B HOTHOM c6opHHKe — PHB OP, ch. 550, Q XIV. 125, n.1, 4 o6., 14 o6., 15 o6.; "BocnoeM neCHb HoHy" HerpenaeTcH TaK*e B HO'l'HOM c6opHHKe — PHB OP, ch. 550, Q XIV. 141, .n. 182 o6. H .n. 243 o6.; KaHT "BceneHHast Top*ecTuyeT" ecTpenaeTcm B HOTHbIX c6opHilkax — PHB OP, ch. 550, Q XIV. 125, .n. 15 o6. — 16; —PHB OP, cf. 775, THT. 3351.

29 1/ImesoTcH B Hstny nepeHonbi onm 51. 1.11TC111411a "BcenonnaHenwee nonnpaHneHme nnst BOCIlleCTBH51 Ha HcepoccsnIcKsiti npecTon est Hemmen-Ha HcenpcHeTnellumn nep-*anHeftwissi Hmnepanstubt EnstcaBeTbi FleTpontibt, Camonep*Huibt HcepoccHficKHH, B

TOpKeCTBCHHbIll npannHHK H BbICOK1111 ReHb po>KneHust ce HempiecTula iteKa6psi 18, 1741" (11omoHocon, 441), onbi IOHKepa "BewlaHHasi HaRe*Ha POCCHIICKOrl

HmriepHH B 13b1COKIii1 npaw4K KOpOHOBaH1451 HcenpecHeTneilimiz Rep*arnierdwHH

Be5114KHSI rocyjkaphIHH Einicaaerbi flerpommi... B CaHKTneTep6ypre anpeni 29 J(HH

1742 rotta..." (TaM *e, 444), co6cTHeHHa8 ojka JlomoHocoHa "Ha npH6bITHe 143 roncTH-111111 II Ha Jlelib p0)KJICHHA ero HmnepaTopcKoro HbicomecTHa rocy;kapH BCJIHKOFO KFIA351

flerpa (Deonoponsma 1742 rotta chenpansi 10 )IHH" (TaM *e, 84).

" )KHBOB B. M. flepBue pyccKHe nwrepaTypHble 6Horpac4ffli KaK cogHanbnoe

swneHste: TpenstaKoHcKstii, flomoHocon, CyMapoKoB // HoHoe sHiTepaTypHoe o6o3pe-

mie 1997. J'& 25, c. 45.

Thmezupuueocue laiHMN e WC/1lb EAll3a6eMbl 17emposubt u Elcumepuuni 1/ 221

1311J10Tb )O 1414TaT. HanpnMep, HM 6bina HanHcaHa "Ona Ha npH6LITHe ee HenvinecTsa BeJIHK1441 rocyjlaphnix HmnepaTpmibi EJ1H3aBeTb1 HeTp0BH1.1 113

MOCKBb1 B CaierneTep6ypr 1742 roga no xopoHanini" ("KaKal 11p1451TH0 .14

3ec1)ip HeeT"). 31 C HapHaHrra nepno CTpOKII aToti "Ojibi" Hanunaeirsi O)HH 143

naHerHpHneciaix KaHTOB 11 tleCTb ExaTepHHbi II "Kaiwil ripenpacHm 3eciip 6eCKpbIJIb1". 32 HaHOMHHM 'l'alone O nepHoii 110MOHOCOBCK011 cTpoKe, 3aRaionkeil

"TOH" exaTepiunnicnomy xawry "Kaxylo panocTb olliyinaio". 33 HponarawivicTociii, ny6nHinicTrinecnig xapaicrep KaHTOBbIX TeKCTOB

npoHincan B cepnga yiIaCTHHKOB H cmineTeneil Hepemomiii 6naronapsi my3Lixe. A O my3bixe MbI mon<em CyBHTb TOJIbK0 JIHIIIb 110 pne ylIONIHHHBILIPIMCH (14JIH

OCTaBIIIHMCS1 3a pamnamii )aHHOB CTaTbH) HOTHbIM pyxonHcHbim C6OpHHKaM. Hx Hnane.nbnamH HBJIHJIHeb npencTaHHTenH gyxoselicTna, cpeRmix HbIX cnoeB (Kyne'IecTBa, cryTieHnecTHa, BOCHHbIX HH3LIIHX LIHHOB, MeJIKHX

IIIIHOBHHK013). B c6opnnKax 3aCINAKCHp0BaHb1 naHerHpiui, 03HynimaHume Top-)1(eCTBeHHbIe nprinHopHEde nepemoHHH, tITO CBHBeTenbCTByeT O pacripocTpa-HellIM KaHTOB 13 II1HpOKHX CJIOHX ropoRcxoro Hacenemin. B nomaumile ne-CCHHHKH 3an1chmanocb TO, LITO 6bIJI0 nonynapHo H IlelIOCb B 6bITy, 14 11TO OT-

segano Henemum AyHIH 11X HnaAenbnes. Ilonemy B penepTyape Ansi Tiomani-Hero nemin o6LinHbix nioneg HOCTOSIHHO 11p14CyTCTBOBaJIH naHerHpwiecime 11eCHH? CJIaBHI1bHbIe KaHTbI, KaK H3BeCTHO, pacrionarannch B nepimix nacTax C6OpHI4KOB — Hcnen 3a ncanbmamii UJIH "Hriepemenixy" c IIHMH.34 3TO He cny-HaPIHO: H Te, II npyrHe HocneHanu bora 14 napn — "noma3aHHHica 6on(Hyr". Ho naHerHpHneciaiti KaHT, H3HallanbH0 co3naHailium1icn Ansi nepemoHHil npHnHop-HOPI 3J114TbI, nepeKonesbman 13 Romanimie HCCCHHHKH 14 BJIHSI SI Ha macconoe co3Hafflie ropo*aH, naHan BO3MO)KHOCTb BbIpa3HTb noTpe6HocTH "pyCCKOI'O cepnlia", norpy3HTbui B aypy peJIHFHO3H0F0 Hocxnanemin napcTHeHHoil nep-COHbI.

My3bIKalIbHaSI CTHJII4CTHKB "cnasHnEmmx" KaHTOB ripencTaHnneT C06011

CIIJIaB anemeirrors pyCCKOH 6apOIIHOÚ TpaBHIIHH, apxalinecxoro "H3bIKa",

Hnyniero OT IICBJIbMbI XVII sena, neTpoiscmix B14BaTOB H tiepemoHHani,Hbix TaHnes eHponeilcicoro o6pa31ia (nonoHe3a, meHyaTa), Houiewinix B mony ewe npH HeTpe I 14 xoponio OCB0e1 IHNX HpHnnopHbim 0611IeCTBOM K cepenHHe

31 110MOHOCOB, 88-99.

32 CM. B HOTHOM c6opa11Ke — PHB OP, ch. 550, Q XIV.125, J1. 82 06, C. M.

B 3Tal "One" "...ee BenwlecTBy 6naronapeaae oT CO,MHHTeRSI HpHHOCHTCA 3a oKa3aBBylo emy Bbicomakuylo MH.TIOCTb B LkapcKom Cene aBrycTa 27 ABB 175() rona" (.11omoBocoB, 135).

34 Bo BTopori ■-lacTB C6OpHHKOB 3anricaBb1, KaK ❑ pafflino, .111060BHble, 3aCTOJ1bHble

cBeTcluie nectui.

222 HamanuR Ozapicoea

BeKa.35 OCO6eHHOCTFI CT14.1114CTIIKH KaHTOB Heomoxpamo paccmaTpHsamich B

myabwoHewiecKofi RHTepaType. HM yge.rmn cnegHammoe HHHmaHHe 13 CBOHX

chyHmamearanhHhix Tpyjlax H. 41).(1)14Hne'll3eH.36 T. H. .TIHBaHOBa, OTKa3bIBa5I

naHerapfinecimm Kawram B XyA03KeCTBeHHOH. 3HaiIHMOCTII (oco6eHHo B cpaHHe-HHH c ncanbmama), oTmenana "yromwrenbHoe ogHoo6pa3He HpocTelliume rap-MOH1d1", "IlpFIMHTVIBHblìí chymameHT" 6acoHoro ronoca, Hal4BHOCTE. "r06H.na-aldi" 14 Ap.37 IO. B. Kennmur, 13 o6L1em conmapHysich C ogeHonHoil xapaKTe-pFICTI4KOÚ .1114BaHOBOH, Tem He meHee HplIBOAHJI HeKoTopme HpHmephi B aamm-Ty "6o.riee pa3BPIT0il Me.TIORHKH" KaHTOB H pa3Hoo6pa3Hbix cnoco6oH ee pa3-HHTHH. 38 Bce HCC2e20BaTe.1114 ~opali-m IlpH3HaBaJ111 CB23b KaHTOB C gpama-TyprHeù aepemoHHil "crpomnueticH Ha ocHoHe 3apaHee npoAymaHHoro 14 pa3-pa6oTaHHoro rulaHa", 39 o6pankam4 HHHmaHHe Ha pacnosio)KeHHe KaHTOB B

c6opHmax, rAe OH14 nepeTmHanHcb C "BMBaTaMH", "MHOrOJleTHSIMH" 14 "OCaH-HaMH" B COOTBeTCTBRI1 C KOM1103HHHeg Hapammix n1ecrimti. 4() Ho, TeM He meHee, cneuHasamo He paccmaTpHHasm KaHT B KOHTeKCTe gepemoHHambHoro ReficTaa, He HpHAaHanu oco6oro 3HaneHHH chopmam ero 14C110.2HeHl42.

HaHerHpirtiecKHfi KaHT BO3HHK KaK He06X0,214MbIÙ arpH6yT gepemo-lillaJILHOÙ )KH3HH IleTp0BCKOH 3110X14, KaK 3HaK CBeTCKOH igun,Typhi — C HOBbIM

CORep*aHHeM TeKCTOB, HeH3BeCTHIAM14 paHee BOKaJlbHb1MH HMHTaHHAMH

BOCIIHMX CHUHaSIOB H ChaHCPap. FleCMOTpg Ha OpFaHWIHy10 CBH3b C IICallbMaMH,

35 Ha nerporIcKroc accam6nesoc, Hecmown Ha CTCCHHTe.11bHOCTb nani, npHymannch

TaHneHaTb "HOSIbCKH11" H "meHy3T", a TaK*e "aHrne3", "annemaHn", "KowrpnaHc". B

napcTnoBaHrie AHHI31 HOaHHOBFIbl 110.110HC3 H meHywr HOJIHOCTIA0 3aKpeLIHJIHCb B Kaw-cTBe nprinnopHbix nepemoimanbHbix TaHnew HanomEmm, wro HmnepwrpHga "oTme-

Trina" CB011 nprixon K nnacTH lopeAtetutanbribtmu firmami C "HOIlbCKHM", "meHywrom",

"aHrne3om". 14 B nanbHeihnem 3TH 6a.nbHble TaHnbi He Tepsum cnoeil HepemontanbHoll

3ana4H no KoHua BeKa.

36 4) Haaert3e2 H. 4). IleTposcKtie KaliTb1 II 143BeCTHA AKW1CMHH HayK 1927. N2 7 -8; 04epKH no HcTopHH My3b1KH B POCCHH C npeHHellunix npemeH no KoHLka 18 BeKa. B 2

Tomax. M.-J1., rocmy3w3nwr, 1928. T. 1: C npeHHeriwmx HpemeH JjO Hamana XVIII BeKa, c

348-351.

37 IliaaaFmaa T. H. OgepKH H maTepHanbi n0 HeTopun pyccKoil My3b1Kailbf1011

Kynurypbi. M., HCKyCCTBO, 1938. Bbin. 1, c. 222 -227. 38 Kennbau 10. B. PyccKasi my3mKa XVIII Belo. M., HayKa, 1965, c. 24-31.

39 Tam *e, 30.

40 4)HrinerrieH H. 49. O‘repKH no HerropHH My3b1KH B POCCHH C Rpemiertum npemeH

KoHna 18 BeKa. B 2 Tomax. M.-JI., rcmy3w3naT, 1928. T. 1: C npeHHeitwkix HpemeH no

Hai-lana XVIII BeKa, C. 350. B HOTHOM npmnoweHHH K wromy Tomy awrop ony6nHKoHan

nono6Hyto KOMF103H11,1110, HCF10.111151BWyFOCA 13 1721 Fon)/ 110 Hpemz npa3nHonaHHH

FIHinTancKoro MHpa.

Flanentpwlecicite uanmhe ci qeCM1, Entimmembi Tlempowibt ti EKamepturbi II 223

memomul B BbICOKOM perucTpe, IO6HJI 511414H Ha CJI0BaX "BHBaT", ycTofitimmie KBapTO-KBHHTOBbIe H OKTaBHble X011bI baca, ripHopHTeT cmaHH.nbHoro Ao-ma)Kopa, axwormosan cpawTypa co3RaHasill HOBy10 1111H Toro HpemeHH TO-

HanblIOCTb — repomm, naTeTHKH, Tpxymta. H KaK y cnymaTe.neil, TaK 14 y HC-

noJIHHTenei;i KaHTOB 3Ta my3bnca Bb13b1BalIa COOTBeTCTByI0111H1I cneicTp 3M0-

1(1411, HyBcTHa noxbema H BRoxHoseHHH. Offa Hoogymeansula, gasarla B03MO)K-

HOCTb HaH6onee ocTpo 11epeN(HTb nyBCTBa BeplIOCTH H npeijaHHocTH moHapxy, ropRocTH 3a csiaBy oTe'IecTBa.

KpoMe Toro, IleTp I, rippigaH Hepemoufistm rocyAapcmemudi H B0e11113H-

posamibi'll xapawrep, BBCJI B "TeaTpambHoe" ripocTpaHcmo 111eCTBHil Hemanoe KORWIeCTBO BOCIIIIbIX rIOHKOB, CHMBOJIH3Hp0BaBILIHX cmay 14 M0111b HmnepHH.

YJIHLIHbIii MacKapag B MOCKBe B 1722 r. C rpaillopm 113 co6paHHH POBHHCK0r0

224 Hamanust O2apKo6a

"Tpy6bI H JIHTaBpbI, ro6oH H char0Tbl, xoTopme repoti HnepBme B POCCHH

BBeJ1 C ripemmeHHem CBOHX perynyipHmx rHapAeficKllx H II0J1eBbIX HOJIKOB Ha Hemewmii manep H csoero chnoTa — Ha aHrnHilocHil H ronnaHAcKHA maHep, 3aHHmanH eine nepBoe mecTo". 41 Tax 'ITO, "reHepanLHEati 3ann" ropoAcKHx opyjNI, "6ernbiti oroHb", CH2naJlbnQSI My3b1Ka (3BytiaHHe Tpy6 14 nuTaBp) Bcex HOJIKOB H, HpHcoeRHHsrsumficsi K HHM, KOJIOKOJIblibIfi 3BOH conposo)KnanH 111eCTBHH, CO3AaBaH OCO6b1f1 achcpeKT HOMIIe3HOCTH 11 TOWKeCTI3e11HOCT14. 42 Tax,

mecTsHe Ha KopoHmuno B YCIIeHCKHA co6op ExaTepHHbi I 03Byt1HBaJI0Cb

"3BOHOM BO Bce KOJIOKOJIa" 14 3synaHHem Tpy6 H nfiTaBp: "Bce B CTp010 CTOSI-

uwe HOJIKH pymcbem Ha Kapayn noRHanH C Hrpaiolgew my3b1xo10 H c 6apa-6aHHIpim 6oeM".43

B nocneArowHe napursonamm IlleCTBH2 HmnepaTpHH 03BrIHBaJIH KaHTbI

B ›Kaxpe 110✓ 0Fle3a. My)KcKoti XOp, TIOCTaTOIIHO BHyLIIHTeMbHblf4 HO cocTasy (40 nenoseK), MOIIIHIAMH ronocamH BCTpeTHB HmHepaTpliny y YCHeHCKOFO

co6opa HJIH TpHyMCIMJIbHbIX BOpOT, BIIHBILIHCb B npoLleccHto, coupoBoNcRan ee Ranee. 14 luecTBHe noA neHHe mHorocTpockHoro cnaHHALHoro KaHTa HpHo6pe- Tan0 xapaKTep HeKoero pHTyanbHoro TaHHa. TaKylo ChyHKI11410 BbIHOJIHHnH B

KOp0Ha11110HHbIX 111eCTBHHX EJIH3aBeTbI IleTp0BHb1 KaHTb1-110J10He3b1"HpHcHe

AeHb KpacHbifi, BO3CHHJIO seApo", "Fpsum Haiti cBeT, EnHcaseT", "BvisaT npe-cnasHa camojAep>KaHHa". 1-10J10He3 "Bocnori Topx(ecTseHno, POCCHH, B03BbICH

AO He6eC cBoti rnac" 3Hynan BO Hpemst 111eCTBH51 EKaTepHHbl B YCHeHCKHri CO-

60p B AeHb ee TomecTseHHoro whe3Ra B MOCKBy. KaHT "FpsigH, Apamolium Hama maTH" MOF 14C1I0J1b30BaTbC31 B 1.1.1eCTB1451X H oTKpLasam HepemoHHanmme 6anm. Ha 6anax 3HynanH H KaHTLI-meHyaTbi: B necTb EnH3aBeTEd — "HeTpa nepBoro Aweph ama maTH", "BenHa paAocTb", "BCH Topx(eurByPrre, BCH

KyIIHO Hbme", 44 ExaTepHHhi II — "KaKyro pagocTb ouRynkato", "KaKoft npe-KpacHm 3echHp 6ecKpbinm".

41 1111.e~ SI. 113BeCT1151 o My3bIKe H 6a.neTe B PoccHH / Ilep. c HeM. M. 111TepHa;

pe;., npe11., npHM. T. H. JIMBaHOBOfi II MymiKanbHoe Hacnej‘cmo: C6opHHK maTepna-

JIOB n0 HC'I'OpHH mynncanbHoil Kynuryphi B POCCHH PeR. M. B 14BaH0B-B0pe11KIA.

Bbla. 1. M., 0113 - Mymn3, 1935, c. 118.

42 <13HHAefi3eH, aHann3npym ynomHHatnnytocH "KaFioHylo" KOMF1031,WW0 Ha 3a-

KJI1OMeHlle HnwTaxrcKoro MHpa, oTmenaer, wro "HeKOTOpbIe JkairreabHbIe naymi B

KaH'I'aX 3a110JIHAAHCb (BO Hpemz OCTaHOBOK TpHymcp"Horo weerm4z) nywenHoil

nanb6o6 N KO.TIOK0.11bHbIM 3BOHOM, KoTopme conpoBo*RanH H.TIN 3aKalO4aJIH TaK>Ke

yKa3aHHble BblWe 'BHBaTbl' N `mHoronemsr (424H14e63eH, C. 350).

43 KopoHawn HmnepaTpHum EKaTepimbi flepHon // PyCCKH6 apX14E1 1883. ,1%& 2, c.

384.

44 Cm. c6opHHK — PHB OP, ch. 775, TNT. 3351, J\112 41. 56.

I7ame2upuueocue KaHMbl H qeeMb all3C1SeMbl 17empoeubi u Eicamepuuni II 225

KaHTbl-H0110He3b1 BO Bpemn niecTBHil conpoBonlanHcb HO TpanInnul 3an-

namll nyinex, onoBeinaBunix o Hanane nepemoHmil TopnceeTBeHHoro wbe3na HmnepaTpHn B MOCKBy. Tax, o Bie3ne B MOCKBy EJIH3aBeTb1 IleTp0BHbI

coo61Inin nepBmil, 3ann — HOTIFOTOBHTelIbHblil cHrHan nasi BOhCK, JE1aHHbIll B

IISITb nacoB yTpa geBSITMO nyluxamH, CTOSIBIIIHMI4 Ha Kpaction nnowaini. B TO

camoe Bpemn "6naroBeculn" 6ombruol3 KOJIOKOJI YcneHeKoro co6opa. Ho BTopomy 3anny (cembnecsur onHa nymKa) B Hanane geCSITOF0 yTpa Bce y3naJ114 O TOM, TITO EJIH3aBeTa cena B CB010 KapeTy H IIIeCTBIle HailanoCb. HpH Bxoge

rocynapbmil B YCHelICKIA co6op Hananacb nyineiman (BocembneenT onHa nyunca) H ppxekiran nanb6a, H3BeeT14in1a1 O Hanane HepxoBHA cmy)K6m. B neHb xopoHaHHH B IATb nacos yTpa C IIJIOLIIaJE(H H C roponcimx 6aCTHOHOB

nanxma nBannarb onHa nyunca, cHrHann nonxam c6op. YtIaCTHHKH nepemoHHH ("3HaTHOe ABONIHCTBO") co6panHcb K LuecTH yTpa B "KpemmeBeKom nome". nanb6011 CTO KOJIOKOJIbHbIM 3BOHOM, "6ersimm orHeM" Bcex HOJIKOB TOp)KeCTBeHHO Hapogy O 3aBepuiemni o6psinoB KopoHaUHH, mliponoma3aHmst H nplinaineHmi EJIH3aBeTbI.

Tpy6bl H minai:Tu coo6Inarm Taxnce O Hanane KopoHanHomioro HIeCTBHA

B YCneHCKtÍÌ co6op: "nal! cHrHan npe3 Tpy6b1 H nirraspbr, KoTopme Ama cero Hapo'IHO noeTaBneHm 6buill, nepBbin y 110K0eB, OT KOTOpbIX nponeccHn Ha-inmanacb, BTopan Ha Kpbuibne npen 3onoToto penteTxmo, TpeTbsi Ha Kpa-CHOM xpbuiblie".45

TeKCTbI naHeriipmneciolx KaHTOB Hepenxo COnillISIJIHCb "Ha FOJIOC", a "FO-

noca" non6HpanHcb H3BeCTHbIe, sno6Hmbie H noTomy TIOCTOSIHHO neffinHeen. Ho) o6paimme Me.TIOAHH (epenH KOTOpbIX 6bIJIH H TeMbI ncanbm) B He06X0RH-

MbIX cnynanx nepenenbil'anHcb B pHTMbl nepemoHHambHbtx TaHneB H HCHO.I1b-

30BaJIHCb n0 Ha3HaneHmo. Eine pa3 o6paTilm milimaHne Ha xopoHannoillimil enH3aBeTHHCKHil nomoHe3-inecTmle "HpHene neHb xpacHbili, BOCCHAJ10 Benpo", B OCHOBe KOTOpOR) — ncanbma "Panyikn, panocTb TBOK) BOCIIeBaK)" HJIH Ha KaHT "HeTpa nepBoro nniepb Hania maTH" B pHTMe Hemenxoro meHy3Ta Ha "FOJIOC" IICanbMbl "KTO KpeIIKO Ha Bora ynoBan". 46 "Fonoc" "KTO KpenKo Ha Bora ynoBan" 03BrIIThan He TOJIbK0 gyX0BHbIti H naHeruplinecx.HA TeKCTbl, HO

"npmerianbiBancsi" K JI1060BH0-111p14tIeCKHM cTHxam K HCHOJIb30BaJICH KaK BO-

KanbHbIg Homep B nbece "Aie' o KameamTe H Heonxiine". 47 TaKan HaCb1-

mennan IICTOpI151 3TOFO "ronoca" H emy nono6Hmx — CBHgeTenbCTBO HX Heo6m-

45 OficToaTenbiloe onzcarme, 39. 46 v ..enablui 10. B. fleCHA B pyxonncHmx c6opfnixax // 14cTopin pyCCKa My3bIKH. B

10 Tomax / OFR. peg. IO. B.KenAblw. M., Myabnca, 1984. T. 2: XVIII BCK. T. 1, c. 174. 47 CM.: JIHaanoaa T. H. Omepxn n maTepnanbi no acTopmll pyccxoil My3b1KalIbHa

xyabTypm. M., Hcxycerao, 1938. BbIFI. 1, C. 263.

226 HaMantlfl 02apcoaa

LIaIiHOIi norlynHpHocTH, a 3HatI14T "0611114TeJlbHOCTH", "OT3bIBITHBOCTH". Hcnon HeHHe HaHerHpHnecxxx KaHTOB Ha mo6Hmble H noTomy HonHymme menomm B HaH6once 3HanHmbie MOMeHTb1 LUCCTBHA 14 Hcipen HMnepaTpmg coo6LHano HOJIHTH1IeCKHM MyBCTBOBaH1451M 110A1(aHHLIX rny6OKO JIHtIHbIiI OTTeHOK.

IlaHerupwiecule KaHTLI Ha HpoTypxeHHH XVIII BeKa opraHH=mo BX0A11.1111

B gepemoHHanbilyio *H3Hb popa. OHH TkenanHcb Ha 3axa3 Ansi onpeneneHHmx pwryanos H Hrparill oneri", Ha*Hylo pmeonorunecKro 14 HponaraHmAcTcxylo ponb, HocneHaa HenHime H 6o3tecTseHHoe npeiwa3HaneHHe Hapcxoti BlIaCT11, H

rnaHHoe, — co3AartanH Heo6xowimmil 3M011,H0HaJILHbIrl HacTpoil. B cpasHeHHH C

npyrHmil chopmampf maccoHoil nponaramm (HanpHMep, orly6naxosaHHE.AH TexcTahm maHwhecTos HJIM HepemoHmanoH) KaHT KaK nwHp MY3b1Ka./WHO-1103-

TlineCKIIti SIBJDUICH cpeAcmom MPHOBeHHO 14 CHIILHO neficTsyloigHm.

KopoHaHHoHHme LlleCTBIISI, 03Hytmasumec5 KaHTaMH-110.110He3aMH, CO-

BeRuanllch'HpH 60nbuiom cTeneHHH Hapona. Frignn Ha rpawkHo3Hoe 3penffine, orpomHmil KopTe)K, B Heffrpe xoToporo AsHranacb KapeTa C HmHepaTpHHeil', H cnyulaz o6pa3gobbiil xop MOHJHbIMH ronocamil npocnaunsmullA "monapunno camonemKaHHy", HapoiA AonweH 6mn 6naroroBerb, oTonmeCTBMISI celia C Ha-Hmeii' H umneparrpHneil.

HJIJIIOCTPALIHH

"'lemme Ha KOp0Ha111110 B YCIleHCKHA co6op E11143aBCTLI IleTpommi 25 wenn 1742 rona. rpaBlopa B. A. KaganoBa.

2 KaHT "Bocnoit TopnceerBeHHo POCCHR" Ha xopoHarkmo ExaTepHHEd II. CTpaHHHa pyxonHcH.

3 YJIHIIHL114 MacKapa)s B MOCKBe B 1722 r.