Nelius Foley, Matteo Sottocornola, Paul Leahy, Valerie Rondeau, Ger Kiely Hydrology, Micrometeorology and Climate Hydrology, Micrometeorology and Climate Change Change University College Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute GHG fluxes from Terrestrial Ecosystems - peatlands, grasslands and forestry 1
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Nelius Foley, Matteo Sottocornola, Paul Leahy, Valerie Rondeau, Ger Kiely Hydrology, Micrometeorology and Climate Change University College Cork, IrelandEnvironmental.
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Nelius Foley, Matteo Sottocornola, Paul Leahy, Valerie Rondeau,
Ger Kiely
Hydrology, Micrometeorology and Climate Hydrology, Micrometeorology and Climate ChangeChange
University College Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute
GHG fluxes from Terrestrial Ecosystems
- peatlands, grasslands and forestry
1
Ecosystem Functioning
Environmental Fluid Mechanics
Ecosystem GHG Fluxes
CO2, N2O, CH4
River Water Quality- Nutrients (N & P)
Soil Hydrology- Soil Carbon stocks
Climate Change
Water Fluxes e.g. Streamflow; Evapouration
Ecosystem Fluxes & Climate Change
University College Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute
FLO
OD
S
WARMING
SPECIES LOSS
EUTROPHICATION
MULTI-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
Water Chemistry
Soil Hydrology -
Soil Physics
Atmospheric Physics
EcologyHydrology
2
Some Past & Current Projects
1.EUTROPHICATION (2002-2005) – Phosphorus loss from soil to water
2.CELTICFLUX (2002-2013)– Measurement/modelling of GHG
fluxes
3.Flood Studies Update – Flood Event Analysis
4.Flood Warning Web – River Blackwater Live Flood Warning System
5.CarboEurope & NitroEurope – European Terrestrial Carbon and Nitrogen
Balance
6.N2O grass – N2O emissions from Irish grasslands
7.Hydrological Extremes – increasing extremes in precipitation and temperature
8.Soils Projects:
a. SoilC – Measurement and Modelling of Soil Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes in
Irish Soils
b. ForestC – Soil carbon stock changes and greenhouse gas fluxes in Irish forests
c. SoilH – Interactions of soil hydrology, land use and climate change and impacts
on soil quality
d. GrassC – Investigation of Carbon Sequestration potential in Grassland Soils
University College Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute
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Hydromet
• Field experiments in different ecosystems (soils +biomass) – throughout Ireland
• Data analysis and modelling – using empirical and process based models
• Model climate change scenarios –e.g. effect of climate warming on Ecosystem productivity/respiration
Our laboratories are Irish ecosystems and catchments – grasslands, peatlands and
forests. University College Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute
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Terrestrial Ecosystems• Grasslands
• Peatlands• Forestry
GHG Fluxes: CO2; N2O; CH4
Sign convention
AtmosphereAtmosphere
Land surface
+-
GHG Fluxes
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SINK SOURCE
Land – Atmosphere interaction
Sink or Source of Carbon• CARBON SINK – means the ecosystem (soils + vegetation) removes
carbon (as CO2) from the atmosphere – computed over a timescale from 10 Hz to years
• CARBON SOURCE – means the ecosystem returns (emits) carbon to the atmosphere
Sottocornola & Kiely, 2010. Agricultural and Forest Meteotology
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PEATLAND: cumulative CO2 flux
0.16 TC/ha.yr
To
0.95 TC/ha.yr
Interannual variability
15
Grassland tower – forest sector, 2003 - 2009
Planting year-100 g C m-2 y-1
Recovery years~ -150 to -350
g C m-2 y-1
Grassland-500 g C m-2 y-1
Land Use Change (LUC)
Grassland to Broadleaf Forest – CO2 Exchange
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Indicative annual biomass growth
Peatland(natural)
Grassland(managed)
Forestry(managed)
~0.25 mm
~ 500 mm
>1000 mm
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GHG Fluxes - Position
• Today, we have the technology to continuously measure and quantify the GHG fluxes from the different ecosystems
• Globally, there are ~ 300 research EC sites with 3/4 Irish sites
• ICOS – International Carbon Observation System aims to put GHG fluxes on a similar footing to meteorological synoptic stations with real time publicly accessible data
We acknowledge the EPA for their continuous support, without which this work would not be possible.