Ligands and nomenclature 8.5 Representative ligands Chelate Bite angel Six-membered rings may be favoured sterically or by electron delocalization through their pi-orbitals Monodentate, bidentate, tridentate…. Ambidentate; Thiocyanate ion (NCS - ) – isothiocyanato complex (attach via N atom), thiocyanato complexes (attach via S atom). Nitrite ion (NO 2 - ) – nitro, nitrito
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Liga
nds
and
nom
encl
atur
e8.
5 R
epre
sent
ativ
e lig
ands
Che
late
Bite
ang
elS
ix-m
embe
red
rings
may
be
favo
ured
ster
ical
lyor
by
elec
tron
delo
caliz
atio
n th
roug
h th
eir p
i-orb
itals
Mon
oden
tate
, bid
enta
te, t
riden
tate
….
Am
bide
ntat
e;
Thio
cyan
ate
ion
(NC
S- )
–is
othi
ocya
nato
com
plex
(atta
ch v
ia N
at
om),
thio
cyan
ato
com
plex
es (a
ttach
via
S a
tom
).N
itrite
ion
(NO
2- ) –
nitro
, nitr
ito
Con
stitu
tion
and
geom
etry
8.4
Poly
met
allic
com
plex
es
Con
stitu
tion
and
geom
etry
8.4
Poly
met
allic
com
plex
es
Con
stitu
tion
and
geom
etry
8.4
Poly
met
allic
com
plex
es
Con
stitu
tion
and
geom
etry
8.4
Poly
met
allic
com
plex
es
Con
stitu
tion
and
geom
etry
8.6
Nom
encl
atur
e
See
oth
er s
lides
Isom
eris
m a
nd c
hira
lity
A m
olec
ular
form
ula
is n
ot s
uffic
ient
to id
entif
y a
coor
dina
tion
com
poun
d: li
nkag
e, io
niza
tion,
hyd
rate
, and
coo
rdin
atio
n is
omer
ism
are
all
poss
ible
for c
oord
inat
ion
com
poun
ds.
Link
age
isom
eris
m: [
Co(
NO
2)(N
H3)
5]2+,n
itrito
(red)
, nitr
o (y
ello
w)
Ioni
zatio
n is
omer
ism
: whe
n a
ligan
dan
d a
coun
terio
nin
one
co
mpo
und
exch
ange
pla
ces,
[Pt(N
H3)
4Br 2
]Cl 2
vs[P
t(NH
3)4C
l 2]B
r 2
Hyd
rate
isom
eris
m: s
imila
r to
ioni
zatio
n is
omer
ism
but
one
of
the
ligan
dis
wat
er,[
Cr(
H2O
) 6]C
l 3, [C
r(H2O
) 5C
l]Cl 2
Coo
rdin
atio
n is
omer
ism
: whe
n th
ere
are
diffe
rent
com
plex
ions
th
at c
an fo
rm fr
om th
e sa
me
mol
ecul
ar fo
rmul
a,
[Co(
NH
3)6][
Cr(
CN
) 6] v
s[C
r(N
H3)
6][C
o(C
N) 6
]
Isom
eris
m a
nd c
hira
lity
Onc
e w
e ha
ve e
stab
lishe
d lig
ands
that
bin
d to
met
al, w
e ca
n th
en c
onsi
der h
ow to
arr
ange
thes
e lig
ands
.
Thes
e di
ffere
nt a
rrang
emen
ts c
an re
sult
in g
eom
etric
al
isom
eris
m a
nd o
ptic
al is
omer
ism
.
8.7
Squ
are-
plan
ar c
ompl
exes
cis-
trans
isom
ers
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