Nclex rn exam ppt

NCLEX (National NCLEX (National Council Licensure Council Licensure

Examination)Examination)By Nargis. By Nargis.

Quoted From Quoted From CliffsTestPrep®CliffsTestPrep®

NCLEX-RN® NCLEX-RN® An American BookWorks An American BookWorks Corporation Project.Corporation Project.

NCLEX NCLEX

The NCLEX (National Council Licensure The NCLEX (National Council Licensure Examination) is required in order for you toExamination) is required in order for you to

obtain a license to practice as a registered obtain a license to practice as a registered nurse. The exam is administered by the nurse. The exam is administered by the National Council of State BoardsNational Council of State Boards

of Nursing and ensures that your license is of Nursing and ensures that your license is acceptable throughout the entire United State acceptable throughout the entire United State and its territories. You will answer anywhere and its territories. You will answer anywhere from 75 to 265 questions. from 75 to 265 questions.

By passing this test, you will be able By passing this test, you will be able to practice as a registered nurse. The to practice as a registered nurse. The test itself is based on the specialized test itself is based on the specialized knowledgeknowledge

that you should have at this point, and that you should have at this point, and it tests your skills and ability to meet it tests your skills and ability to meet the various requirements that will be the various requirements that will be required within the nursing process. required within the nursing process.

Because this is a test of basic Because this is a test of basic competency, you will be able to competency, you will be able to demonstrate your abilities as andemonstrate your abilities as an

entry-level nurse on this exam.entry-level nurse on this exam. Because this is a test of basic Because this is a test of basic

competency, you will be able to competency, you will be able to demonstrate your abilities as andemonstrate your abilities as an

entry-level nurse on this exam.entry-level nurse on this exam.

Certain important concepts are integrated Certain important concepts are integrated throughout the Client Needs categories and throughout the Client Needs categories and subcategories:subcategories:

1.1. Nursing Process. This is the scientific Nursing Process. This is the scientific approach to client care that includes approach to client care that includes data collection, planning, and data collection, planning, and implementation implementation and evaluation.and evaluation.

2. 2. Caring. This is the interaction between Caring. This is the interaction between you, as the registered nurse, and the you, as the registered nurse, and the clients, their families, or their significant clients, their families, or their significant others. Client care requires mutual respect others. Client care requires mutual respect and trust.and trust.

3. 3. Communication and Documentation. It is of Communication and Documentation. It is of utmost importance that you are able to be utmost importance that you are able to be clear and concise in clear and concise in our interactions with our interactions with those of the families as well as those of others those of the families as well as those of others on your healthcare team. This requires the on your healthcare team. This requires the ability to communicate both verbally and ability to communicate both verbally and nonverbally and to be accountable in keeping nonverbally and to be accountable in keeping and maintaining records and patients’ charts.and maintaining records and patients’ charts.

4. Teaching and Learning. You must 4. Teaching and Learning. You must demonstrate the appropriate skills and demonstrate the appropriate skills and attitudes that promote changes in attitudes that promote changes in yourself yourself and others, by learning and and others, by learning and teaching. Being an effective RN requires teaching. Being an effective RN requires the ability to share information withthe ability to share information with

clients and their families.clients and their families.

Exam Prep TipsExam Prep Tips After learning the materials, you After learning the materials, you

might want to use a number of might want to use a number of testing tips:testing tips:

Read the questions carefully.Read the questions carefully. Look for keywords.Look for keywords. Watch for specific details.Watch for specific details.

Eliminate options that are Eliminate options that are clearly wrong or incorrect.clearly wrong or incorrect.

By systematically eliminating distracters that By systematically eliminating distracters that are clearly incorrect, you increase the are clearly incorrect, you increase the probability of selecting the correct option. probability of selecting the correct option.

Look for the answer that differs from the Look for the answer that differs from the other options: This testing strategyother options: This testing strategy

is called is called odd answer out. An example of this odd answer out. An example of this type of question follows:type of question follows:

The nurse is attempting to evaluate the The nurse is attempting to evaluate the client’s knowledge of diabetes. Whichclient’s knowledge of diabetes. Which

statement made by the client indicates a statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching?need for further teaching?

A. The client states that he will check his blood A. The client states that he will check his blood glucose levels before meals.glucose levels before meals.

B. The client selects a 10-ounce steak from his B. The client selects a 10-ounce steak from his menu.menu.

C. The client demonstrates how he will give C. The client demonstrates how he will give himself insulin.himself insulin.

D. The client verbalizes understanding of ways to D. The client verbalizes understanding of ways to improve circulation.improve circulation.

Answer B is correct. Answers A, C, and Answer B is correct. Answers A, C, and D all indicate knowledge of diabetes.D all indicate knowledge of diabetes.

Answer B indicates that the client lacks Answer B indicates that the client lacks understanding because the portion size understanding because the portion size for steak is 3 ouncesfor steak is 3 ounces

Look for Opposite Look for Opposite AnswersAnswers

When you see opposites, one of these When you see opposites, one of these options is usually correct. Here is an options is usually correct. Here is an example of this testing strategy:example of this testing strategy:

Client with hemophilia is admitted with Client with hemophilia is admitted with bleeding. Which action by the nurse bleeding. Which action by the nurse indicatesindicates

an understanding of hemophilia?an understanding of hemophilia?

A. The nurse applies heat to the joints.A. The nurse applies heat to the joints. B. The nurse applies ice to the joints.B. The nurse applies ice to the joints. C. The nurse offers to perform passive C. The nurse offers to perform passive

range of motion.range of motion. D. The nurse elevates the extremity.D. The nurse elevates the extremity.

Answer B is correct. Hemophilia is a Answer B is correct. Hemophilia is a genetically obtained disorder in which there genetically obtained disorder in which there is an absence of clotting factor. Applying is an absence of clotting factor. Applying heat vasodilates and causes increased heat vasodilates and causes increased bleeding. bleeding.

This answer is the opposite of the correct This answer is the opposite of the correct choice, which is answer B. Answer C is choice, which is answer B. Answer C is incorrect. incorrect.

Types of QuestionsTypes of Questions

Most of the questions are multiple choice with Most of the questions are multiple choice with four options. There are, however, other types four options. There are, however, other types of questions, such as fill-in the blanks, and of questions, such as fill-in the blanks, and even identifying items with “hot spots.” What even identifying items with “hot spots.” What this means is that you’ll be given an illustration, this means is that you’ll be given an illustration, table, or perhaps a chart, Because it’s table, or perhaps a chart, Because it’s computerized, the machine can identify the computerized, the machine can identify the spot where you’ve clicked. spot where you’ve clicked.

The Multiple-Choice FormatThe Multiple-Choice Format

The Multiple-Choice FormatThe Multiple-Choice Format Most of the standardized tests that you’ve probably taken Most of the standardized tests that you’ve probably taken

throughout your educational career have contained multiple throughout your educational career have contained multiple choice questions. For some reason, these types of questions choice questions. For some reason, these types of questions give a large percentage of test takers a difficult time. If yougive a large percentage of test takers a difficult time. If you

approach these questions carefully, they should be easier than approach these questions carefully, they should be easier than you think. and you have to click on it with the on-screen cursor to you think. and you have to click on it with the on-screen cursor to identify the correct answer.identify the correct answer.

First, read the question and see whether you know the answer. If First, read the question and see whether you know the answer. If you know ityou know it

automatically, you can look at the choices and select the correct automatically, you can look at the choices and select the correct one. Let’s look at a very simple example here.one. Let’s look at a very simple example here.

Example Example

Mammography is used to detect Mammography is used to detect which of the following conditions?which of the following conditions?

1. pain1. pain 2. tumor2. tumor 3. edema3. edema 4. epilepsy4. epilepsy

mammography is used to detect tumors mammography is used to detect tumors or cysts in the breasts. It is not used to or cysts in the breasts. It is not used to detect any of the other conditions. Of detect any of the other conditions. Of course, you should know that a course, you should know that a mammogram is the image produced by mammogram is the image produced by a low-dose x-ray of the breast. a low-dose x-ray of the breast.

Epilepsy is a disorder of the central Epilepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system. nervous system.

EXERCISEEXERCISE

1. Which of the following questions, when asked by1. Which of the following questions, when asked by

the nurse, assesses for the major definingthe nurse, assesses for the major defining

characteristic of disturbed body image?characteristic of disturbed body image?

1. “How do you feel about this disability?”1. “How do you feel about this disability?”

2. “How would you describe your usual2. “How would you describe your usual

mood?”mood?”

3. “How does your family feel about your3. “How does your family feel about your

illness?”illness?”

4. “Do you feel fearful, anxious, or nervous?”4. “Do you feel fearful, anxious, or nervous?”

Answer Answer

3. The major defining characteristic of body 3. The major defining characteristic of body image disturbance is verbal or nonverbal image disturbance is verbal or nonverbal negative responses to actual or perceived negative responses to actual or perceived changes in structure and/or function of the changes in structure and/or function of the body. Asking how the client feels about their body. Asking how the client feels about their disability will give them a chance to assess disability will give them a chance to assess whether there is a negative or positive whether there is a negative or positive response to the change that has occurred. response to the change that has occurred.

2. When a child demonstrates a positive 2. When a child demonstrates a positive Babinski sign, which age child would be Babinski sign, which age child would be most important for the nurse to follow-most important for the nurse to follow-up?up?

1. 4 months1. 4 months

2. 8 months2. 8 months

3. 12 months3. 12 months

4. 16 months4. 16 months

Answer Answer

(4) The Babinski sign is positive in children (4) The Babinski sign is positive in children 12 months of age and younger. A 16-month-12 months of age and younger. A 16-month-old with a positiveold with a positive

Babinski would be cause for concern and Babinski would be cause for concern and require further evaluation. A positive Babinski require further evaluation. A positive Babinski is normal for a 4-, 8-,is normal for a 4-, 8-,

and 12-month-old child and not a cause for and 12-month-old child and not a cause for follow-up. follow-up. Health Promotion and MaintenanceHealth Promotion and Maintenance

3. Which of the following clinical manifestation 3. Which of the following clinical manifestation should the nurse document as a positive sign should the nurse document as a positive sign of pregnancy?of pregnancy?

1. amenorrhea1. amenorrhea

2. uterine soufflé2. uterine soufflé

3. positive pregnancy test3. positive pregnancy test

4. fetal heartbeat4. fetal heartbeat

Answer Answer

(4) Fetal heartbeat can be detected with (4) Fetal heartbeat can be detected with Doppler as early as 10–12 weeks of Doppler as early as 10–12 weeks of pregnancy and is considered apregnancy and is considered a

positive or diagnostic sign of pregnancy.positive or diagnostic sign of pregnancy. Amennorrhea, the absence of menses, is Amennorrhea, the absence of menses, is

considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy. considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy. It is a more helpful sign when more than one It is a more helpful sign when more than one cycle has been missed.cycle has been missed.

4. Your patient’s blood work shows a low serum4. Your patient’s blood work shows a low serum

albumin level. She is receiving the anticonvulsant albumin level. She is receiving the anticonvulsant phenytoin (Dilantin), which is 90–95 percentphenytoin (Dilantin), which is 90–95 percent

protein bound. You should monitor your patientprotein bound. You should monitor your patient

for signs of:for signs of: 1. hypokalemia.1. hypokalemia. 2. CNS depression.2. CNS depression. 3. drug toxicity.3. drug toxicity. 4. hyperalbuminemia.4. hyperalbuminemia.

Answer Answer

(3) With a low serum albumin more (3) With a low serum albumin more free phenytoin is available in the free phenytoin is available in the circulation. Free phenytoin is the circulation. Free phenytoin is the activeactive

form of the drug. Hypoalbuminemia does form of the drug. Hypoalbuminemia does not induce hypokalemia, CNS not induce hypokalemia, CNS depression, or hyperalbuminemia.depression, or hyperalbuminemia.

Pharmacological TherapiesPharmacological Therapies

5. Which blood type is known as the 5. Which blood type is known as the universal recipient?universal recipient?

1. A1. A 2. B2. B 3. AB3. AB 4. O4. O

Answer Answer

(3) Type AB is the universal recipient, (3) Type AB is the universal recipient, as the other blood types are as the other blood types are compatible when it is given. When the compatible when it is given. When the remainingremaining

options are given to someone with a options are given to someone with a different blood type, it can cause a different blood type, it can cause a transfusion reaction. transfusion reaction. Reduction of RiskReduction of Risk

Potential. Potential.

6. A client with which of the following 6. A client with which of the following conditions is at risk for developing a low conditions is at risk for developing a low magnesium level?magnesium level?

1. prostatitis1. prostatitis 2. lymphoma2. lymphoma 3. pericarditis3. pericarditis 4. alcoholism4. alcoholism

Answer Answer

(4) Alcoholism creates risk for (4) Alcoholism creates risk for developing a low magnesium level developing a low magnesium level due to nutritional deficiency. The due to nutritional deficiency. The otherother

conditions do not. conditions do not. Reduction of Risk Reduction of Risk Potential.Potential.

7. Continuous Passive Motion Devices (CMP) are:7. Continuous Passive Motion Devices (CMP) are:

1. machines that are used to stimulate nerve 1. machines that are used to stimulate nerve pathways all over the body.pathways all over the body.

2. used exclusively with Cardiovascular2. used exclusively with Cardiovascular

Accident (CVA) clients.Accident (CVA) clients.

3. used to stimulate regeneration of particular 3. used to stimulate regeneration of particular tissues.tissues.

4. devices for passive range of motion of arms 4. devices for passive range of motion of arms and fingers.and fingers.

Answer Answer

(3) The purposes of the continuous (3) The purposes of the continuous passive devices (CPD) to move the passive devices (CPD) to move the knee joint without weight bearing orknee joint without weight bearing or

straining muscles and stimulating straining muscles and stimulating regeneration of articular tissues following regeneration of articular tissues following orthopedic surgery for the knee.orthopedic surgery for the knee.

Basic Care and ComfortBasic Care and Comfort

8. Which finding, assessed during a bed 8. Which finding, assessed during a bed bath, indicates to the nurse that the bath, indicates to the nurse that the client has poor hygiene practices?client has poor hygiene practices?

1. dry, flaking skin1. dry, flaking skin

2. strong breath odor2. strong breath odor

3. itchy patches on the scalp3. itchy patches on the scalp

4. unkempt finger and toenails4. unkempt finger and toenails

Answer Answer

(4) Unkempt finger and toenails would (4) Unkempt finger and toenails would be an area that is not cared for; the be an area that is not cared for; the other areas could mean under lyingother areas could mean under lying

possible disease processes or a scalp possible disease processes or a scalp that has acquired soborrhea, or not that has acquired soborrhea, or not thoroughly cleaned. thoroughly cleaned. Basic Care andBasic Care and

Comfort. Comfort.

9. The signs and symptoms of smallpox 9. The signs and symptoms of smallpox are similar to those of:are similar to those of:

1. measles.1. measles. 2. meningitis.2. meningitis. 3. botulism.3. botulism. 4. chicken pox.4. chicken pox.

(4) The signs and symptoms of small (4) The signs and symptoms of small pox are similar to those of chicken pox are similar to those of chicken pox. In chicken pox, the rash appearspox. In chicken pox, the rash appears

first on the trunk and spreads to the first on the trunk and spreads to the extremities. In smallpox, the rash begins extremities. In smallpox, the rash begins on the extremities and spreads to theon the extremities and spreads to the

trunk. trunk. Safety and Infection ControlSafety and Infection Control