Nazi Germany: 1933- 1945 Treaty of Versailles Rhineland - 1936 Austria – Anschluss -1938 Sudetenland - Czech - 1938 Czech Refusal – Threat of War Munich Conference September, 1938 France, Great Britain, Germany Appeasement: Sudetenland give to Germany Chamberlain and Churchill
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Nazi Germany: 1933-1945 Treaty of Versailles Rhineland - 1936 Austria – Anschluss -1938 Sudetenland - Czech - 1938 Czech Refusal – Threat of War Munich.
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Nazi Germany: 1933-1945
Treaty of Versailles Rhineland - 1936 Austria – Anschluss -1938 Sudetenland - Czech - 1938
Czech Refusal – Threat of War
Munich Conference September, 1938 France, Great Britain,
Germany Appeasement: Sudetenland
give to Germany Chamberlain and Churchill
German Expansion 1936-38
Nazi Aggression Continues
Czechoslovakia - 1939 Demand for Danzig
Germany City prior to WWI European Response
Great Britain & France Pledge to defend Poland
Nonaggression Pact Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact Germany and Soviet Union August, 1939 Secret Agreement - Poland
Word War II: 1939
Invasion of Poland September 1,
1939 German Pre-text Blitzkrieg
“Lightening War”
War Declared Allies: Great
Britain & France September 3,
1939
Blitzkrieg in Poland Results
Polish Defenses Overwhelmed
Danzig falls on Sept. 7 Warsaw Capitulates Sept.
28 Opposition Ends on Oct. 6 65,000 Polish Troops Killed 100,000s
Wounded/Captured Phony War
German Conquests Grow
British & French Mobilize
German Conquests Denmark – April 1940 Norway – April 1940 Belgium, Luxembourg,
Netherlands – May 1940 Churchill
Prime Minister May 10, 1940
France Threatened
France & the Maginot Line
French Defense Maginot Line Static Defense Hinges on Luxembourg &
Belgium Fort Eban Emael – Belgium
French Invasion May 10 – May 22, 1940 Advance through Ardennes Bypass Maginot Line British Expeditionary Force
Maginot Line
Rescue at Dunkirk
May 26 - June 3, 1940 British and French Forces Halt of German Panzers Role of Luftwaffe
Operation Dynamo Rescue of Allied Forces 200,000 British troops 140,000 French troops
Great Britain Last European
Democracy
Dunkirk
"We must be very careful not to assign to this deliverance the attributes of a victory. Wars are not won by evacuations.“ Winston Churchill
France Defeated
Occupied France
Occupied France Vichy France
Marshall Petain Collaboration French Navy French Resistance
Free French Eventually 400,000 General De Gaulle
De Gaulle and Petain
The German Reich: 1940
The Battle of Britain July 10 – Oct. 31, 1940 Prelude to Russia Operation Sea Lion
Planned Invasion of Great Britain
Sea-based Invasion Control of English
Channel Airpower
Luftwaffe & RAF Air Supremacy
Battle of Britain Battle for Air
Supremacy Over Great Britain Over English Channel
Luftwaffe Herman Goering Air Attacks & Bombing The “Blitz” – Cities
Great Britain Role of RADAR Role of RAF Retaining Pilots
Battle of Britain“Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.” Winston Churchill
The “Blitz”60,000 Killed 87,000 Injured 2 Million Homes Destroyed
America’s Response Disarmament after WWI
1939 – 18th in Military Power Depression Avoidance of European
Conflicts Opposition to Germany
Fascism Anti-Semitism German Aggression
Awe at Germany Charles Lindbergh Joseph Kennedy
“The Arsenal of Democracy”
Roosevelt Administration “Cash and Carry” 1939 50 Destroyers
99-Year Naval Leases
Election of 1940 Roosevelt vs. Willkie Isolationist Campaign
Lend-Lease Act - 1941 7 Billion in Weapons &
Supplies Extension to Soviet Union
Barbarossa: Sept. 22, 1941
Battle of the Atlantic German Strategy
Cut off British Supplies Attack All Shipping “Wolfpacks”
Initial Success 200 Ships Sunk – June
1940 Allied Strategies
Convoy System “Escorts” Intelligence Ship Production
Allied Cost of Battle 30,000 Merchant
Seamen 2,200 Merchant Ships 100 Allied Naval
Vessels Over 600 Allied Aircraft 3 Million Tons of
Shipping German Cost of Battle
510 U-Boats (2/3rds) 18,000 U-Boat Men
Battle of the Atlantic
U-505
The Atlantic Charter August 1941 American Neutrality Newfoundland
Churchill Roosevelt
War Aims Self-Determination Peace
Europe First Strategy
Japanese in the Pacific Japanese Expansion
Natural Resources China and Manchuria
Nationalism “Greater East Asia Co-
Prosperity Sphere” Tripartite Pact
September 26, 1940 Germany, Japan, Italy Axis Nations
Role of Military Role or Emperor
America and Japan Japanese Seizure of
French Indochina American Response
Free Japanese Assets Block Sale of Oil and Iron Demand Evacuation of
China and Indochina Japanese Response
U.S. as Threat in Pacific Diplomacy Eliminate U.S. Pacific
Fleet
Pearl Harbor: Dec. 7, 1941
Failed Negotiations No Declaration of War Admiral Yamamoto’s
Plan Surprise Attack Shallow Running
Torpedoes Midget Submarines Destroy Pacific Fleet Give Japan Time Break American Will
Attack on the Philippines
Pearl Harbor: Dec. 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor: Dec. 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor: Dec. 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor: Results U.S. Losses
18 Ships Sunk or Damaged
170 Aircraft Destroyed 3,700 Casualties
U.S. Reaction Panic on East Coast Anger
Declaration of War December 8, 1941 “Will live in infamy”
Japanese Expansion December 8, 1941
Philippines Attacked December 10
Guam Attacked December 11
Wake Island Landing
December 12 Luzon Landing
December 13 Hong Kong
Fall of the Philippines 22,000 American
Troops Lack of Supplies Fighting
Retreat to Corregidor Recall of Gen. McArthur
March 1942 “I shall return”
U.S. Surrender April 10, 1942 General Wainwright 11,000 U.S. Troops
Bataan Death March Bushido Geneva Convention Over 600 Deaths